部编版5年级语文上册古诗词练习

古诗词是中华优秀传统文化的瑰宝，也是小学语文学习的重要内容。五年级上册的古诗词，意境优美，情感真挚，语言凝练，值得我们反复品味和深入理解。这份练习旨在帮助同学们巩固所学，加深对诗歌的理解与感悟，提升古典文学素养。请同学们认真读题，仔细作答，在练习中感受古诗词的魅力。一、《山居秋暝》（王维）（一）基础积累1.默写《山居秋暝》全诗。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.给下列加点字注音。暝（）浣女（）喧（）歇（）王孙（）3.解释下列句中加点词语的意思。（1）空山新雨后：_________________（2）天气晚来秋：_________________（3）明月松间照：_________________（4）清泉石上流：_________________（5）随意春芳歇：_________________（6）王孙自可留：_________________（二）诗句理解4.“空山新雨后，天气晚来秋”这两句诗描绘了怎样的景象？_________________________________________________________5.“明月松间照，清泉石上流”中，诗人用了哪些景物营造了怎样的氛围？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.“竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟”这两句诗是如何体现生活气息的？请简要分析。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）情感与主旨7.诗中哪两句直接表达了诗人对山居生活的喜爱和向往？_________________________________________________________8.结合全诗，说说诗人王维通过《山居秋暝》表达了怎样的思想感情。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、《枫桥夜泊》（张继）（一）基础积累1.默写《枫桥夜泊》全诗。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.解释下列句中加点词语的意思。（1）月落乌啼霜满天：_________________（2）江枫渔火对愁眠：_________________（3）姑苏城外寒山寺：_________________（4）夜半钟声到客船：_________________（二）诗句理解与赏析3.“月落乌啼霜满天”一句描绘了哪些秋夜的景物？营造了怎样的氛围？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.“江枫渔火对愁眠”中的“愁”字是全诗的点睛之笔，请你说说诗人可能因何而“愁”。_________________________________________________________5.“夜半钟声到客船”中的“钟声”有什么作用？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）拓展思考6.《枫桥夜泊》这首诗表达了诗人怎样的思想感情？_________________________________________________________三、《长相思》（纳兰性德）（一）基础积累1.默写《长相思》全词。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.解释下列词语或句子。（1）程：_________________（2）那畔：_________________（3）聒碎乡心梦不成：_________________________________（4）故园无此声：_____________________________________（二）内容理解3.“山一程，水一程”表现了什么？_________________________________________________________4.“风一更，雪一更”描绘了怎样的环境？_________________________________________________________5.词的上阕和下阕分别侧重写了什么内容？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）情感体会6.“聒碎乡心梦不成”中的“聒”字用得好在哪里？表现了词人怎样的心情？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.这首词表达了词人怎样的思想感情？_________________________________________________________四、《渔歌子》（张志和）（一）基础积累1.默写《渔歌子》全词。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.给下列加点字注音。西塞山（）鳜鱼肥（）箬笠（）（）蓑衣（）3.解释下列句中加点词语的意思。（1）桃花流水鳜鱼肥：_________________（2）青箬笠，绿蓑衣：_________________（3）斜风细雨不须归：_________________（二）画面与意境4.词的上阕“西塞山前白鹭飞，桃花流水鳜鱼肥”描绘了一幅怎样的春日垂钓图？请你用自己的话描述一下。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.“青箬笠，绿蓑衣”写出了渔翁怎样的形象？_________________________________________________________（三）情感与主旨6.“斜风细雨不须归”一句表现了渔翁怎样的心情和生活态度？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.这首词表达了诗人怎样的思想感情？_________________________________________________________五、《观书有感》（其一）（朱熹）（一）基础积累1.默写《观书有感》（其一）全诗。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.解释下列句中加点词语的意思。（1）半亩方塘一鉴开：_________________（2）天光云影共徘徊：_________________（3）问渠那得清如许：_________________（4）为有源头活水来：_________________（二）理解与赏析3.“半亩方塘一鉴开，天光云影共徘徊”描绘了怎样的景象？诗人为什么要写这样的景象？___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.“问渠那得清如许？为有源头活水来”这两句诗富有哲理，你是如何理解的？___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）拓展延伸5.这首诗看似写水，实则与读书有关。请你说说它告诉我们一个什么道理？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.在学习和生活中，你有过类似“源头活水”的体验吗？请简单谈谈。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________练习建议1.温故知新：在做练习前，先回顾课堂上老师讲解的内容，熟读成诵，理解诗句大意和主要情感。2.字斟句酌