Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionDiscoverUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版选择性

DiscoveringusefulstructuresUnit3EnvironmentalProtectionMartinLutherKingsaid,“Ihaveadream.”MartinLutherKingsaidthathehadadream.

直接引语间接引语直接引述别人的原话，

叫_______________；

通常都用_____________括起来；用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，

叫______________；

它多数情况下构成一个___________。直接引语间接引语引号“”宾语从句MartinLutherKingIhaveadream.Lead-in直接引语间接引语1234直接引语变为间接引语时，要作相应的变化时态的变化人称的变化指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化句型的变化1.“Idon’tknowthat,”

hesaid.Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.2.Shesaidtome,“Youcangowithme.”Shetoldmethat

Icouldgowithher.3.Shesaidtome,“Hewillgohome.”Shetoldmethathewouldgohome.人称变化规律总结一随主二随宾三不变一随主：直接引语中第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。二随宾：直接引语中第二人称变为和间接宾语（即听话人）相一致的人称。第三人称不变：直接引语中第三人称变为间接宾语时，人称不变。一、人称变化（1）“Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening，Tom，”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthat

wouldgoandsee

againthatevening.（2）Hesaidtome，“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethat

waswrong.（3）“Areyouasoldier?”heasked.→Heaskedif/whether

wasasoldier.（4）Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff，John?”→HeaskedJohnwhere

wasgoingtogetoff.sheIhimIhe句型转换Ⅰ.直接引语变成间接引语时，如果主句是过去的某种时态，则大多数情况下间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态。直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时

一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时

现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时（不变）“Idon’tknowthat,”hesaid.Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.二、时态的变化Ⅱ.直接引语变成间接引语时，以下情况，时态不变：二、时态的变化(1)主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不变;Hesays,“Ididn'tbrokethewindow.”Hesaysthathedidn'tbrokethewindow.(2)直接引语描述：客观事实、真理名言、习惯性动作，从句时态不变;“Theearthmovesaroundthesun,”theteachertoldus.Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.（1）Theteachersaid，“YouaredoingOK.”→Theteachersaidthat

doingOK.（2）Hesaid，“Ihavewrittenanovel.”→Hesaidthat

anovel.（3）Hesaid，“Shewillcomeheretohavealongholiday.”→Hesaidthat

gotheretohavealongholiday.（4）Theteachersaid，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”→Theteachersaidthatwherethere

awill，there

away.（5）Janesaid，“Mary，wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouonthebus?”→JaneaskedMarywhere

whenshemetheronthebus.wewerehehadwrittenshewouldisshewasgoing is句型转换变化项目直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthese时间状语nowtodaythismorning/week三、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化thatthosethenthatdaythatmorning/week时间状语yesterdaytendaysagotomorrownextweeklastweekthedaybeforeyesterdaythedayaftertomorrow地点状语here方向性动词comebring三、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化thedaybeforetendaysbeforethenextday/thefollowingdaytheregotaketwodaysbeforeintwodays’timethenextweek/thefollowingweektheweekbefore1.Sheasked，“Isthisbookhis？”→Sheaskedwhetherthatbookwashis.2.Hesaid,“Iwantthesebook.”→Hesaidthathewantedthosebooks.3.Shesaid,“I’llcome

hereandbringsomeapples.”→Shesaidshewouldgothereand

takesomeapples.4.“I’llbeverybusytoday，”saidtheman.→Themansaidhewouldbeverybusythatday.5.Hesaid,“Iopenedthewindowtendaysago.”→Hesaidheopenedthewindowtendaysbefore.6.“I’mfreetomorrow.”Johnsaid.→Johnsaidthatshewasfreethenextday.7.Hesaid,“Isawthefilmyesterday.”→Hesaidhehadseenthefilmthedaybefore.转化以下直接引语为间接引语。四、句型的变化(1)直接引语是陈述句，间接引语用连接词that引导，that可省略。Johntoldher,“I’dliketoseeamovienow.”Johntoldher(that)hewouldliketoseeamoviethen(2)直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语用whether或if引导，疑问语序变成陈述语序，谓语动词say/said变成ask/asked。Thereporterasked,“Willpolarbearsdieoutbecauseofclimatechange?”Thereporteraskedwhether/ifpolarbearswoulddieoutbecauseofclimatechange.(3)直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序。Theteacherasked,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”Theteacheraskedme

whereIhadbeen.四、句型的变化(4)直接引语是祈使句，间接引语变为ask/tell/order/advisesb(not)to

do.HesaidtoAnn,“Tellmeyourproblem.”HetoldAnntotellhimherproblem.“Becarefulwiththedog,boys,”shesaid.Shewarnedtheboystobe

carefulwiththedog.（1）Hesaid，“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hetoldme

he

hisbookinmyroom.（2）Shesaid，“DoyoulikewatchingtheadvertisementsonTV?”→Sheaskedme

I

watchingtheadvertisementsonTV.（3）“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad?”Billasked.→Billasked

theadsforjobsabroad.

（4）“Whatareyoudoingnow?”Momasked.→Momasked

then.（5）Hesaid，“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.” →He

again

.（6）Hesaid，“Don’tmakesomuchnoise，boys.”→Hetoldtheboys

somuchnoise.that

whetherwhereIhadfoundlikedhadleftwhatIwasdoingaskedmetogotherethenextdaynottomake 句型转换直接引语与间接引语的转换大多数情况下间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态。（过去进行时不变）时态的变化人称的变化一随主、二随宾、三不变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化需要特殊记忆句型的变化1.陈述句——that（可省略）；2.一般疑问句——whether/if；陈述语序，谓语动词say/said变成ask/asked。3.特殊疑问句——用原来的疑问词，陈述语气4.祈使句变成ask/tell/order/advisesb(not)todo.Summary1.Andrewtoldmethathe___________(leave)forHongKongforhisholidaysthenextday.2.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthatlight________(travel)fasterthansound.3.MumaskedHelenwhethershe___________(finish)herhomework.4.Williamaskedherhowshe__________(manage)tosolvetheproblembyherself.5.LiYangsayshe________(win)thewritingcompetitionheldinhisschool.haswonwasleaving

travelshadfinishedmanagedPractice1.Hesaid,“Iamwatchingthefootballmatchnow.”Hesaidthathe_______________thefootballmatch________.

2.Mumasked,“Didyouseeyourgrandparentsyesterday?”Mumaskedme__________I________mygrandparents_______________.3.Themanagersaid,“TheguestsfromtheUKwillarrivethedayaftertomorrow.”Theman