Unit3知识点讲解-2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

2025-2026学年人教版九年级英语全一册Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?课文知识点讲解_______________________________________________________________________________◆短语归纳getsomemoney取钱get/buysomemagazines买一些杂志getsomeinformationaboutthetown获取一些有关小镇的信息get/buyapairofshoes买一双鞋howtogettosp怎样到达…goalong/godown沿着besidethebank在银行的旁边ontheright/left在右边gotothethirdfloor去三楼turnleft/right向左转between…and…在…之间beexcitedtodosth.做…激动start/beginwith从/以…开始don’tneedtorush不必匆忙atfirst起初atthattime在那个时刻comealittleearlier来得更早点thenearestbank最近的银行askforhelp寻求帮助howtoaskforhelppolitely怎样有礼貌的寻求帮learnhowtobepolite学会怎样才是礼貌的indifferentsituations在不同的情况usetherightlanguage使用恰当的语言onone’swayto…在去往…的路上becomebetterat…更擅长lookforwardto期待remind…of…使…想起dependon取决于/依靠passby经过、路过agoodplacetoeat一个吃饭的好地方▲1.alongprep.沿着goalong、straight沿着（这条街）走【9AP17】A.-作介词时,along意为“沿着”：①、Manytreeswereplantedalongtheriver-bank.沿着河岸种植了许多树.②、Therearetreesallalongtheroad.沿着这条路从头到尾都有树.③、TheChinesepeoplearepressingaheadalongthesocialistroad.中国人民正沿着社会主义道路奋勇前进.④、Goalong/straightthestreet,youwillfindthepostofficeattheendoftheroad.B.-作副词时along意为“向前”,常与动词或介词with连用,构成一些常用词组.例如：①、Letuswalkalong.让我们向前步行.②、shewillsenditbackalongwithsomeotherthings.她将此物与其他东西一并送回.③、Hegetsalongverywellwithus.他和我们相处很好.④、Howareyougettingalong?⑤、Howisshegettingalongwithherwork?她工作进展如何?⑥、Iknewthatallalong.对那件事我一开始就知道.Calongwith随同…一起①、It’sexcitingtoreadthepoemalongwiththegentlemusic.②、Mothersentmesomemoneyalongwithherletter.③、Thesituationisgoingalongwiththeplan.沿着________________________________________________________________________________▲2.pass1.通过；走过；经过[单独使用的动词]Severalpeoplewerepassingbutnobodyofferedtohelp.有几个人擦肩而过，却没有人主动提出帮助。Ihailedapassingtaxi.我招呼了一辆路过的出租车。[动词+名词短语]You'llpassabankonthewaytothetrainstation.你在去火车站的路上会经过一家银行。Shepassedmeinthestreetwithoutevensayinghello.她在街上与我擦肩而过，却连一声招呼也没打。Therewasatruckbehindthatwastryingtopassme.后面有一辆卡车想要超过我。2给；递；传递passsb.sth.=passsthtosb.=passonsthtosb.=passsthontosb.Pleasepassmethesalt.请把盐递给我。=Pleasepassthesalttome.=Pleasepassonthesalttome=Pleasepassthesaltontome.②、Hetookoffhisbooksandpassedthemtotheguard.③、Pleasepassonthemagazinetoyourfriends.3.传球HepassedtheballtoOwen.他把球传给欧文。4.转移给，遗留给（继承人等）Onhisdeath,thetitlepassedtohiseldestson.他死后，封号传给长子。5.(ofanamount数量)大于；超过Unemploymenthasnowpassedthethreemillionmark.失业人口现已突破三百万大关。6.~fromsthto/into转变；变化；过渡Shehadpassedfromchildhoodtoearlywomanhood.她已由孩童变成青年女子。7时间推移；逝去Sixmonthspassedandwestillhadnonewsofthem.半年过去了，我们仍然没有他们的音讯。8.消磨；度过；打发Wesangsongstopassthetime.我们借唱歌消磨时间。9.[单独使用的动词]结束；完结Theywaitedforthestormtopass.他们等待暴风雨过去。10测验；考试及格；合格[单独使用的动词]I'mnotreallyexpectingtopassfirsttime.我真不指望第一次就能合格。[动词+名词短语]Shehasn'tpassedherdrivingtestyet.她还没有通过驾驶执照考试。11准予通过；承认合格Theexaminerspassedallthecandidates.主考人评定考生全部及格。12经表决通过（动议、法律等）Thebillwaspassedby360votesto280.这个法案以360票对280票获得通过。13.允许Idon'tlikeit,butI'llletitpass(=willnotobject).我不喜欢，但我也不会反对。14.发生；说出（或做出）[单独使用的动词]They'llneverbefriendsagainafterallthathaspassedbetweenthem.经过了这么多事情，他们已经友谊难再了。15.不要；免掉Thanks.I'mgoingtopassondessert,ifyoudon'tmind.谢谢，您若不介意，我就免了饭后甜点吧。C.-名词n.1.穿过,经过[C];2.通行证;护照;入场证[C];3.及格;及格分数[C];4.传球动作[C]①、Nopass,nopassage.没有通行证不得通过。②、HegotapassinEnglish.他英语考试得了个及格分数。___________________________________________________________________________________________▲3.except/but/besides/beside的区别【9AP18】A.-except除…之外；（除去的部分不包含在内）①、Thewindowisneveropenedexceptsummer.②、WehavelessonseverydayexceptSunday.B.-exceptfor除…之外；只是…。这个结构表示对一个人或事物作总的评价之后；在就局部提出一点建议或看法。①、Yourcompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.②、Thedressisquiteniceexceptforthecolor.C.-but=except;但是but常用于noone;nobody;nothing;nowhere;all;everyone;everything;everywhere等词之后。而且but前有do的任何形式，则后面的动词用原形，否则需要接带to的不定式。①、Ithasnochoicebuttolivedownandsleep.②、Icoulddonothingbutwait③、Ihaveaskedononebuthertohelpme.④、EveryonebutmehasbeentotheLondonBridge.⑤、Sheleftnothingbutamessageonthetable.D.-besidesprep除…之外；（除去的部分包含在内）①、WeareallpresentbesidesTom.②、Besides,Ienjoylisteningtothepopularmusic.③、BesidesGerman,shecanspeakFrenchandItalian.E.-beside在…的旁边①、Hesawthattensoldierswerestandingbesidethepole.②、Thereisasmallhousebesidethelake.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲4.turnleft【9AP18】1.-[n.]轮流，转弯（处）It’sone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事①、It’syourturntocleantheclassroom.takeone’sturn(动词短语)依次；轮流inturn(介词短语，相当于副词)依次；轮流①、Whenpeoplearewaitingforabus,hetakeshisturn.②、Thechildrengotonthetraininturn.taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事①、Wetookturnstolookafteroursickgrandmother.2.-[v.]翻转，翻动；旋转，转动；转向；（使）变得;达到，超过（某一年龄或时间）①、Ipressedthebuttonandthelathe[leɪð](车床，机床;)begantoturn.②、Sheturnedthewheeltotheleft.③、Pleaseturntopage23.④、Leavesturnyellowinautumn.⑤、Tenyearslater,heturnedateacher.⑥、Theheatturnedthemilksour.⑦、Heturns18inJune.（他到六月份就满18岁了。）⑧、It’sturnedmidnight.（已过了午夜。）turnto翻到①、OpenthebooksandturntoPage89.求助于；求教于；②、Shehasnobodyshecanturnto.③、Thechildturnedtoitsmotherforcomfort.④、Themoredepressedhegot,themoreheturnedtodrink.turnover把…翻过来；使打翻①、Bettyturnedthecardover.②、Thelampwasturnedover.turnaround/round转身，翻转；（使经济，企业等）好转，有起色①、Turnaroundandlookatme.②、UncleJohnhasturnedhiscompanyaround.turnout熄灭，关灯；①、Remembertoturnoutthenightwhenyougotobed.生产,制造;②、Thefactoryturnsout900carsaweek.造就,培养；③、Thisuniversityhasturnedoutsomefirst-ratescholars.这所大学培养了一些第一流的学者。结果是,原来是④、Everythingturnedoutwell.结果是事事顺利。⑤、Hesaidhewasadoctor;butlaterheturnedouttobeacheat.turnback原路返回，往回走turnin上交turndown把…调低，关小；拒绝，驳回turnup把…调高，开大；露面，出现，来到turnon接通，打开turnoff关掉，截断；失去兴趣;避开(问题等)turn...into...(使……)成为……___________________________________________________________________________________________▲5.turndown/turnup/turnon/turnoff【9AP18】A.-turndown关小/拒绝①、Heturneddownmysuggestionwithouthesitation.②、Pleaseturndownthegas.③、Couldyouturndownyourradio,please?④、Shewassoconvincing,Icouldn’tturnherdown.convincing[kənˈvɪnsɪŋ]adj.令人信服的，有说服力的;B.-turnup1.（尤指失去后偶然）被发现，被找到Don'tworryabouttheletter─I'msureit'llturnup.别为那封信担心，我相信会找到的。2.开大Icouldn’thearclearly,SoIwanttoturntheradioup?3.突然发生；不期而至I’mreadytotakeanyjobthatturnsup.我已经准备好接受任何可能的工作。4.出现/Themeetingisbeginning，buthehasnotturnedup.Hemighthavebeenlost.C.-turnon打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)①、It’stoodark,let’sturnonthelight.②、DoyoureallyneedtoturnontheDVDinthecar?D.-turnoff关(水源、煤气、电灯等)/①、Turnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.②、Pleaseturnoffthelightbeforeyouleavethehouse.失去兴趣;避开(问题等)③、Whatturnsteenagersoffscience?是什么使青少年们对科学失去了兴趣？___________________________________________________________________________________________▲6.gopastthebookstore【9AP18】A-.[adv.]过①、Hewalkedpastbuthedidn’tgreetus.②、Manyweekswentpastwithoutanynewsofthem.\B-.[prep.]通过，经过;超过①、Theboyswalkedpastourhouse.②、It’shalfpasttwelvealready.③、Ithinkthewomanisnowpastforty.C-.[adj.]过去的，刚过去的；完了的①、Don’tworryaboutpastmistakes.②、I’venotbeenfeelingwellforthepastfewdays.③、Hehasspentmuchtimeplayinginthepasttwoyears.D-.[n.]过去，昔日，往事①、Wecannotchangethepast,butwecantrytoforgetit.②、Ourparentsmighthavelivedhardinthepast.③、I’llneverforgetthebitterpastofmyparents.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲7.excited[adj.]激动的，兴奋的;exciting[adj.]令人兴奋的；使人激动的【9AP18】A-excited[adj.]激动的，兴奋的;Thechildrenwereexcitedaboutopeningthepresents.Don’tgettooexcitedbythesightofyournameinthelist.Hespokerapidlyinanexcitedvoice,“It’sme!”注意：修饰无生命的东西要用exciting,而excited用于修饰人或有生命的东西的感觉。Wewereallexcitedattheexcitingnews.B-exciting[adj.]令人兴奋的；使人激动的Itisveryexcitingtocheeratamatch.比赛时喝彩会鼓舞士气。___________________________________________________________________________________________▲8.riden./vi./vt.;ride-rode-ridden;【9AP18】A.-[n.]（乘车、骑车或骑马等的）短途旅程；骑；乘车；搭便车;供乘骑的游乐设施，乘坐（游乐设施）①、It’saten-minutebusridefromheretotown.②、Theschoolisonlytwohours’ride/drive/walkaway.③、Wewentforarideonourbikes.④、Iwanttohavearideofthatbike.我想骑一骑那辆自行车。⑤、Wemanagedtogetaridetothestationwhenwemissedthebus.⑥、Stevegavemearideonhismotorbike.⑦、Haveyoueverhadarollarcoasterride（坐一趟过山车）?⑧、Don’tyouknowalltheridesarefree?B.-[v.]ride—rode/ridden骑；乘①、rideabike/bikes(vt.)rideonthebike(vi.②、Sherodeinherfather’scartoschooltoday.③、Hishorserideswell.他的马好骑。④、Thechildrenareridingthemerry-go-round.孩子们在骑旋转木马玩。⑤、Shehasneverriddenahorsebefore.⑥、Howoftendoyougoriding(gohorse-backriding骑马消遣)?___________________________________________________________________________________________▲9.beginwith/startwith与tobeginwith/tobestartwith=atfirst【9AP18】A-.beginwith/startwith①、Todaybeginswithagoodnews.②、Theconcertbegan/startedwiththenationalanthem.B-.tobeginwith/tobestartwith=atfirst①、Tobeginwith,thedaywasfine,butthenitbegintorain.②、Tostart/beginwith,hehadnomoney,butlaterhebecamequiterich.③、Tobeginwith,letmeintroduceMrWhitetoyou.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲10.startdoingsth./starttodosth.【9AP18】A.-startdoingsth.一般情况下可与starttodosth.换用。①、Shestartedlearning/tolearnEnglishwhenshewas8.B.-只能用start/begintodosth.而不能用start/begindoingsth.的三种情况：①、当主语是物而不是人时：Theweatherbeganstartedtogetwarmer.②、当begin/start本身用于进行时态时：Theyarebeginning/startingtoplayfootball.③、当begin/start后面的非谓语动词指心理状态或精神活动时，即表示想法、意识等v，如think、realize、understand、wonder等Hestartedtothinkabouttheproblem._______________▲11.pardoninterj.请再说一遍；抱歉，对不起 【9AP18】A-.[n./v.]原谅，宽恕，饶恕；赦免①、Idobegyourpardon.一定请您原谅。②、Hebeggedapardonfromtheking.他恳求国王赦免自己的罪行。③、IfIhaveoffendedyou,Iaskyourpardon.如有冒犯之处,请多多原谅。pardonsb.pardon[v.]pardonsb’sv-ingpardonsbsth.pardonsbforsth/doingsth.④、Theywillpardonafewoftheseprisoners.他们准备赦免其中一些罪犯。⑤、Hewillnotpardonyourintruding.他不会原谅你打扰他。⑥、Wemustpardonhimhislittlefaults.我们得宽恕他的小毛病。⑦、Ihopeyouwillpardonmeforthatslip.我希望您原谅我那个失误。⑧、Ihopeyouwillpardonmeforbreakingtheschoolrule.B.-pardonme①、—Youareveryquiettoday.—Pardon?(用于请别人重复某事)什么，请再说一次②、(为偶尔的冒失响声或过失表示歉意)对不起_______________▲12.normaladj.正常的；正规的；标准的。normallyadv.通常地；正常情况下【9AP18】1.典型的；正常的；一般的Hertemperatureisnormal.她的体温正常。It'snormaltofeeltiredaftersuchalongtrip这样长途旅行之后感到疲劳是正常的。2.精神正常的；意识健全的Peoplewhocommitsuchcrimesaren'tnormal.犯这种罪的人心理不正常。比较：common普通的寻常的可以这样理解：哪里都可以看到的满大街都是的相同的或相似的it'sacommonbag,andyoucanfinditineverystore这包很普通哪个商店都有卖的usual通常的,平常的;惯常的可以这样理解：某一现象昨天是这样前天是这样大前天也是这样这时就用usual屡见不鲜的。it'susualforustoseehimcrying.对我们来说，他大哭是很平常的事normal:正常的,正规的,标准的可以这样理解：这个就很好区分拉正常的状态标准的常态(人的精神,身体)正常发育的①、Thenormaltemperatureofthehumanbody.②、It’snormaltofindyourlessonsdifficultsometimes.③、NormallyIgotupat7o’clock,buttodayIgotupat9o’clock.④、It’snormaltofeelnervousonyourfirstinterview.⑤、Hisheartratewasbacktonormalbythetimehereachedthehospital.⑥、Temperaturesinthemid-60sarenormalforthistimeofyear.⑦、Normally,Igethomeabout6o’clock.⑧、Thepatientstartedbreathingnormallyagain.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲13.quick【9AP18】A-[adj./adv.]快(的)，迅速的/地，敏捷的/地①、Trytobequick,we’relatealready.②、Thesecakesareveryquickandeasytomake.③、Hisquickthinkingsavedhislife.④、Sheoftenhasaquickshowerafterrunninginthemorning.＝Sheoftenhasashowerquicklyafterrunninginthemorning.注意：当quick为形容词时，在句中可作定语或表语；也可与quickly同为副词，在口语中多用quick（尤其在需要用比较级或最高级时）⑤、Sheisquickaboutherwork.她工作敏捷。⑥、He'squickatlearninglanguages.⑦、Everyoneistryingtogetrichquicknowadays.⑧、Let’sseewhocangettherequickest?B-辨析：quick,fast,soonquick指运动动作发生或完成的迅速、敏捷,强调的是单一动作的突然性或短暂性,也指才智和反应的敏捷和灵敏;fast多指运动的物体,位置移动的迅速,强调物体运动的方式;soon则表示时间短，很快即将发生①、Comeasquick(quickly)asyoucan.②、Atrainismuchfasterthanabus.③、Hisfatherwillbebacksoon.________________________________________________________________________________▲14.need.A.-作为实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词，动名词，动词不定式或代词，在这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句或疑问句，构成否定句或疑问句时要借助于助动词do或doesneed+sth.，表示“需要某物”。①Ineedsomeerasers.我需要一些橡皮。→Idon’tneedanyerasers.→Doyouneedanyerasers?→Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.②Heneedsyourhelp.→Hedoesn’tneedyourhelp。→Doesheneedyourhelp?→Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’tneed+todosth.表示“需要做某事”，这时need的主语是“人”。①Youneedtoputonyourjacket.→Youdon’tneedtoputonyourjacket.→Doyouneedtoputonyourjacket?→Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.sthneedsdoing.=sth.needtobedone某物需要被怎么样。如：Ourclassroomneedscleaningeveryday.B.-作为情态动词，need后面跟动词原形，变否定时只需在need后加not，变疑问句时只需把need移至主语的前面。①、Ineedgohomenow.→Ineedn’tgohomenow.(need+not=needn’t)→Needyougohomenow?→Yes,Imust./No,Ineedn’t.②、Heneeddohishomeworktoday.→Heneedn’tdohishomeworktoday.→Needhedohishomeworktoday?→Yes,hemust./No,heneedn’t.C.-作为名词，意为“需求，需要”，其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组：in(great)needof（急需）与meettheneedsof(满足……的需要)。①、There’snoneedforyoutotryagain.②、Thefactoryisingreatneedoffunds.③、Ourparentsalwaystrytheirbesttomeetourneeds.④、Wemustlookaftertheneedsoftheelderly.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲15.rushv.&n.仓促；急促【9AP18】A.-v.冲、奔跑；突然发生、出现；①、Sherushedintotheroom.②、Alotoffansrushedtothesingeronthestage.许多歌迷朝舞台上的歌手用过去。③、Agoodidearushedintomymind.B.-使猛冲；匆忙送（某人、某物）；催促（某人）①、Herushedhiswifetothehospital.②、Don’trushmeorthequalitywillsuffer.C.-n.高峰（时间）、匆忙①、therushhour(车)高峰时间、交通拥挤时刻②、witharush匆忙地，突然③、Herwordscameoutinarush.④、Thereisnorush!不必着急。________________________________________________________________________________▲16.goonthenewride【9AP19】A.-去做某事goonsth.强调行为①、Wherewouldyouliketogoonvacation?(goonavacation/holiday/picnic…)②、We’regoingonatriptoShandong.(goonatrip/journey/visit…to﹢地方)正在进行某项活动beonsth.强调状态①、TheyareonholidayinItaly.(beonajourney/picnic/…)②、HisfatherisonavisittoJapanthisweek.B.-发生，进行①、Itsoundsasiftherewasafightgoingonupstairs.②、What’sgoingonthere?(What’shappeningthere?)C.-goonwithsth.=goondoingsth.goontodosth.＝goontosth.①、Ihavetogoonwithmyhomeworkafterschool.②、Let’sgoontotalkaboutsomething.(转而继续做另一件事)③、Let’sgoonanexttopic.④、Hewentonworkingwithouttakingarest.__________________________________________________________________________________________▲17.Comeon的口语用法【9AP19】A.-1.表示请求、鼓励、劝说等，意为：来吧；行啦。如：①、Comeon，Lucy，comeon.Don‘tbesoshy.来吧，露茜，来吧，别不好意思。②、Comeon,Bill,youcantellme,Iwon‘ttellanybody.来吧，比尔，告诉我吧，我不会告诉别人的。B.-用来催促别人快走（做），意为：快点。如：①、Comeon，it‘sgettingdark.快点，天要黑了。②、Comeon，MrWangiswaiting.快点，王先生在等着呢。C.-表示责备或不耐烦等，意为：得啦；行啦；够啦。如①、Comeon，don‘tsittheredreaming.得啦，别坐在那儿空想了。②、Oh，Jane，comeon，forgoodness‘sake.噢，简，看在老天爷的份上，算了吧。D.-用于挑战或激怒对方，意为：来吧；好吧；试试吧。如：①、Comeon！I‘mnotafraidofyou.来吧，我不会怕你的。②、Comeon.Idon‘tthinkyoucanjumpoverit.Comeon.来吧，我才不信你能跳过去，你跳呀！E.-用于体育竞赛等场合鼓励队员，意为：加油。如：①、"Comeon！Comeon！"shoutedtheaudienceagainandagain.“加油！加油！”观点一再地喊。②、"Comeon，Wu！"shoutedtheClassIstudents.“小吴，加油！”一班的学生喊道。___________________________________________________________________________________________▲18.suggestv.建议；提议【9AP19】A.-[v.]表明，显示，暗示①、Hissilencesuggestedthathedidn’tagreewithus.②、Herlooksuggestedthatshewasangry.③、Ashisnamesuggest,he’snotanactiveman.④、Herpalefacesuggestedthatshewasinbadhealth.⑤、AreyousuggestingthatI’mtoooldforthejob?B.-[v.]建议，提议+n./pronSuggest+doingsth+thatclause.Cananybodysuggestwaysofraisingmoremoney?Theysuggestedthedevelopmentprogramtothegovernment.MayIsuggestgoingtherebybus?Myunclesuggestedmygettingajobinabank.Shesuggestedthatwe(should)comeanotherday.Hesuggestedtousthatwe(could)havelunchinthenewrestaurant.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲19.serve[v.]【9AP3】【9AP19】A.-（为…）服务，工作，履行义务，尽职责①、Scienceservesthepeople.②、Heservedthefamilyasacookfortenyears.③、CanIserveyouinanyway?我能帮你的忙吗？B.-端出（食物），款待①、Thehostservedwinetous.﹦Thehostservedus(with)wine.②、Theguestswereservedwithawonderfulmeal.③、Thecompanyservesthecitywithgas.C.-接待，招呼（顾客）①、Howcanweserveyou?需要我们为您服务吗？②、Areyoubeingserved?有人接待你吗？/你已经点过菜了吗？D.-提供，供应①、Thetowniswellservedwithbuses.E.-对…有用；能满足…的需要①、ThisagreementwillservetoimprovethefriendshipbetweenAmericaandChina.②、Thecakeservedtenpeople.F.-可用作，可当…使（尤指别无选择时）①、Ifyouwanttosit,thisboxcanserveasaseat.②、Thisroomcanserveasastudy.G.-供职；服刑①、HeservedtwotermsasPresident.②、Sheisservingtwoyearsfortheft.H.-service[n.]帮助，贡献，效力①、Thepatientneedstheservicesofadoctorbadly.②、Therailwayservicetothesesmallvillageisnotpossible.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲20.ontheirwayto在前往某地的途中【9AP19】way的常见短语：onone’swayto/onthewaytoalltheway一路上；自始至终get/be/standintheway(of)妨碍,当道;getoutoftheway让开,让路,让位inthisway这样；用这种方法bytheway顺便说说，顺便问一下inaway在某种程度上；有点儿gooutofone'sway特意不怕麻烦做某事makeway(for)让开,让路,让位inoneway在某方面giveway(to)屈服，让步loseone’sway迷路，失去方向___________________________________________________________________________________________▲21.passby通过，经过;(时间)逝去,过去;忽略,遗漏,不注意【9AP19】①、Hepassedrightbymyfrontdoor.②、Threeyearshadpassedbybeforeshefinallyfoundasuitablejob.③、Shesimplypassedbyanddidn’tnoticeme.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲22.staffn.管理人员；职工 【9AP19】A.-[n.]职员，员工；全体职员（单复同形）①、Hehasalargestaffof50.②、Allthestaffinthiscompanyareofftoday.③、Theschool'steachingstaffis/areexcellent.该校的教师队伍是优秀的。B.-[n.]棍棒，仗Weneedawoodenstafftoclimbthemountain.C.-[v.]给…配备，安置职员Ourofficeisstaffedonlywithwomen.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲23.down【9AP20】A.-adv.向下;（坐、倒、躺）下;（表示范围或顺序的限度）下至①、We'regoingdownamountain我们正在下山。②、Shewasstilllookingdownatherpapers她仍低头看着文件。③、Dannyputdownhisglass丹尼放下了玻璃杯。④、IwentdowntoL.A.allthewayfromSeattle我从西雅图一路南下到洛杉矶。相关短语：falldownwritedowntakedownletdownturndownupanddownlookdownuponclosedownB.-prep.（从高处）向下;（表示位置）在…的下方;（表示方向）沿着…向下;（表示时间）自…以来①、Tearsrandownherface.②、Thereisabridgeamiledowntheriverfromhere.③、Helivesjustdownthestreet.他就住在这条大街的前头。C.-adj.向下的;沮丧的;计算机或计算机系统停机;（以…）落后于对手的①、Ihavebeendownsincetheinjuryhappened自从受了伤以来我一直很沮丧。②、Thecomputer'isdownagain.电脑又死机了。③、She'sdownwithabadcold.她因患重感冒而病倒。④、Theoldmansoundedreallydown.老人听上去情绪十分低落。⑤、Hesaidhewouldbethere12o’clock,butheletusdown.⑥、Thiswasthesecondtimeheletusdown,wewon’ttrusthimagain.D.-vt.放下;（尤指大口或快速地）喝下;使摔倒;击落（敌机等）vi.下来;下降;[常用于祈使句中]下去;卧倒①、Wedownedbottlesoflocalwine.我们喝了好几瓶本地产的葡萄酒。②、Acoupleofjetfightersweredownedduringthefive-weekrebellion.在为期5周的叛乱期间，有两三架喷气式战斗机被击落。___________________________________________________________________________________________▲24.central[adj.]；【9AP20】[n.]中心枢纽；中央办公室；电话交换机1.中心的；中央的①、Shestaysinasmallhotelnearcentralpark.②、Thecapitalisinthecentralpartofthestate.首都位于国家的中心地方。2.主要的；③、Shehasbeenacentralfigureinthecampaign.她一直是这场运动的主要人物。3.起支配作用的；有控制力的；④、TheorganizationhasacentralofficeinYork.该组织在约克设有总部。4.容易到达的；交通方便的；四通八达的⑤、Ourhouseisverycentralforshopsandtheatres.我们家邻近市区中心,去商店和剧场都十分方便。___________________________________________________________________________________________▲25.nearbyadj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近；附近【9AP20】A-[adj.]附近的①、Atanearbytableamanwascomplaininginaloudvoice.②、Lucywasstayinginthenearbytown.B-[adv.]在附近①、Thereisanicecoffeehousenearby.②、Thepeoplelivingnearbyhadtoleave.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲26.mailv.邮寄；发电子邮件n.邮件；信件 【9AP20】A-[v.]邮寄;Don’tforgettomailthelettertoyourbrother.DidyoumailJohnthebook?发电邮给Pleasemailmeatthefollowingemailaddress.B-[n.]邮件，信件，邮包；邮政①、Iopenedmymailandwassurprisedtoseeabrokenvase.②、Thefloodoffanmailprovedhe'darrived.崇拜者的信件潮水般地涌来,证明他成功了。③、Isthereanothermailintheafternoon?下午有一批邮件吗?④、ThismailserviceiscalledRuralFreeDelivery.这种邮政服务称为'农村免费邮递服务'。___________________________________________________________________________________________▲27.eastadj.东方的；东部的adv.向东；朝东n.东；东方【9AP20】【拓展】：方位词及对应的形容词和名词southn.南southernadj.南方的southernern.南方人northn.北northernadj.北方的northerern.北方人eastn.东easternadj.东方的easternersn.东方人westn.西westernadj.西方的westernersn.西方人英语方位词的用法A.-"AisintheeastofB"，要表示A在B的东部，且A在B的范围之内时就用如：①、JapanisintheeastofAsia.日本在亚洲东部。②、ItalyisinthesouthofEurope.意大利在欧洲南部。③、HongkongisinthesouthofChina.④、TaiwanisintheeastofChina.B.-"Ais/liestotheeastofB"A在B的东方，且A在B的范围之外，且相隔有一定的距离，彼此不相连或不接壤。口语中有时可将tothe省去。如：①、Japanis/lies(tothe)eastofChina.日本位于中国东方。②、Franceis/lies(tothe)eastofEngland.法国位于英国东方。③、ShanghaiistotheeastofWuhan.C.-"AisontheeastofB".A在B的东边(侧)，且A与B相邻接或接壤。如：①、GuangdongisonthesouthofHunan.广东在湖南南边。②、ShangdongisonthenorthofJiangsu.山东在江苏北边。D.-如果要表示“A位于B东面100公里处”时我们既可以说"Aliesl00kmtotheeastofB"，也可以说"Alies100kmeastofB".后者在美国口语中更为常见。如：①、Theplanecrashed30milessouthofthecity.飞机在离城南30英里处坠毁。②、Suzhoulies50milestothewestofShanghai.苏州位于上海西面50英里处。E.-汉语里“东南西北”的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north，south，east，west；并由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异。东南方：southeast西南方：southwest西北方：northwest东北方：northeast①、Tiajinisl20kmtothesoutheastofBeijing.天津位于北京东南120公里处。②、TheMingTombsarelocatedabout50kmtothenorthwestofBeijing.十三陵位于北京西北50公里处。F.-要表示方位的“偏向”时通常用by正东偏北：eastbynorth正南偏西：southbywest正北偏东：northbyeast正南偏东：southbyeast①、Wearesailinginthedirectionofeastbynorth.我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。②、Theislandliessouthbyeastfromhere.那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向。________________________________________________________________________________▲28.fascinating[adj.]adj.迷人的；极有吸引力的 【9AP21】①、Thestoryisextremelyfascinating.n②、That’safascinatingsubject.fascinate[v.]使…入迷①、Hewasfascinatedbyherbeauty.②、Thebeautifulviewfromtheshipfascinatedusall.fascinated[adj.]着迷的，入迷的，极感兴趣的①、Thestudentswerefascinatedbyhisideas.学生们都被他的思想吸引住了。②、Theywerefascinatedtoseethatitwassimilartotheirs.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲29.inexpensiveadj.不昂贵的【9AP21】①、Iwouldliketogotoaninexpensiverestaurant.②、Iknowashopthathasinexpensivegoods.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲30.convenient[adj.]方便的，便利的反意词：inconvenientadj.便利的；方便的【9AP21】①、Isitconvenientforyoutomeetintheevening?②、Hishouseisinaconvenientplace,nearthestation.③、Abicycleisfarmoreconvenientthanacarinbusycities.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲31.uncrowded[adj.]不拥挤的，宽敞的反意词：crowdedadj.不拥挤的；人少的【9AP21】①、Iwanttohaveanuncrowdedhouseformyfamily.②、Thebeachwaspleasantlyuncrowded.③、Irelandisasafe,uncrowdedcountrywithcleanwatersandcleanair.________________________________________________________________________________▲32.cornern.角；墙角；街角，拐角；困境，窘境拐，角落【9AP21】OnthecornerofInthecornerofAtthecornerof①、Ihitmykneeonthecornerofthetable.②、Thereisatelevisioninthecorneroftheroom.③、Thereisahotelat/onthecornerofmystreet.④、Thebankisat/onthecornerofthestreet.⑤、Inthecorneroftheroomstandsadesk,onthecornerofwhichliesabag.⑥、Thegirlsatinthecorneroftheclassroom.⑦、Theyhaddrivenherintoacorner.(drivesb.intocorner把某人逼入困境)⑧、Peoplecamefromthefourcornersoftheearth.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲33.polite[adj.]有礼貌的；客气的；有教养的；文雅的【9AP22】politely[adv.]有礼貌地①、Weallthinksheisapolitegirl.②、Hewasquitepolite,ofcourse,butsomehowIdidn'tlikehismanner.③、He'salwayssopolitetopeople.他对人总是那么彬彬有礼。④、Itisnotpoliteofyoutoanswerback.⑤、Itispolitethatsheacceptshisinvitation.⑥、Andrewpolitelyturneddowntheinvitation.安德鲁有礼貌地拒绝了邀请。⑦、Hestooduppolitelywhentheladyenteredtheroom.___________________________________________________________________________________________▲34.request[n./v