高频变形词-必背词性转换清单素材-2026届高考英语复习

高考英语高频变形词一、动词/形容词→名词1.-tion/-sion（最高频）act—action行动；行为adapt—adaptation适应；改编本admit—admission承认；入场费；录取attract—attraction吸引力；景点collect—collection收集；收藏品communicate—communication交流；通讯conclude—conclusion结论；结束consider—consideration考虑；体谅contribute—contribution贡献；捐款create—creation创造；作品decide—decision决定；抉择decorate—decoration装饰；装饰品dedicate—dedication奉献；献身define—definition定义；释义discuss—discussion讨论；议论educate—education教育；培养express—expression表达；表情；短语impress—impression印象；感想introduce—introduction介绍；引言invent—invention发明；发明物invite—invitation邀请；请柬locate—location位置；场所organize—organization组织；机构permit—permission允许；许可pollute—pollution污染produce—production生产；产量；作品protect—protection保护；防护regulate—regulation规章；管理resolve—resolution决心；决议；解决select—selection选择；精选品separate—separation分离；分开solve—solution解决方案；解答suggest—suggestion建议；暗示translate—translation翻译；译文assume—assumption假设2.-ment后缀agree—agreement同意；协议achieve—achievement成就；成绩adjust—adjustment调整；调节arrange—arrangement安排；布置develop—development发展；开发astonish—astonishment惊讶argue—argument争论disappoint—disappointment失望；沮丧assess—assessment评估employ—employment就业；雇佣equip—equipment设备；装备【不可数】assign—assignment分配；任务govern—government政府；统治judge—judgement判断；看法manage—management管理；经营move—movement运动；活动；移动pay—payment付款；报酬retire—retirement退休；退役amuse—amusement娱乐announce—announcement通告punish—punishment惩罚3.-ance/-ence后缀appear—appearance出现；外貌accept—acceptance接受；认可assist—assistance帮助；援助—assistant助手，助理differ—difference差异；不同depend—dependence依赖；依靠exist—existence存在；生存guide—guidance指导；辅导insist—insistence坚持；执意perform—performance表演；表现；业绩prefer—preference偏爱；偏好refer—reference参考；查阅；提及resist—resistance抵抗；阻力tolerate—tolerance容忍；忍耐silent—silence沉默；寂静4.-th度量/尺寸特殊后缀growv.—growth成长；生长；增长longadj.—length长度wideadj.—width宽度deepadj.—depth深度；深处highadj.—height高度；身高weighv.—weight重量；体重5.-er/-or表人/工具bake—baker面包师；烘焙师begin—beginner初学者；新手dance—dancer舞者；舞蹈演员comedyn.喜剧—comedian喜剧演员design—designer设计师drive—driver司机；驾驶员farm—farmer农民；农场主paint—painter画家；油漆工report—reporter记者；通讯员teach—teacher教师；老师visit—visitor游客；来访者act—actor男演员direct—director导演；主管；负责人edit—editor编辑；编者invent—inventor发明家pianon.钢琴—pianist钢琴家6.-ure/-y/-al小众高频fail—failure失败；失败者press—pressure压力；压迫discover—discovery发现；发觉recover—recovery恢复；康复deliver—delivery递送difficultadj.—difficulty困难arrive—arrival到达；抵达survive—survival幸存；生还approve—approval赞成；批准-domfree—freedom自由wise—wisdom智慧，明智king—kingdom王国，领域bore—boredom无聊，厌烦不规则特殊变换（必背易错）choose—choice选择；抉择die—death死亡；逝世fly—flight航班；飞行know—knowledge知识；学问lose—loss损失；遗失prove—proof证据；证明see—sight视力；风景；景象think—thought想法；思想build—building建筑物；楼房beg—beggar乞丐divide—division分开complex—complexity复杂性superior—superiority优越familiar—familiarity熟悉forgive—forgiveness原谅depart—departure启程；离开describe—description描述detect—detective侦探determine—determination决心diverse—diversity多样性complain—complaint抱怨dry—drought干旱compete—competitionn.比赛—competitiveadj.有竞争力的eager—eagerness渴望combine—combination结合compare—comparison比较explain—explanation解释consume—consumption消费；消耗aware—awareness意识begin—beginning开始gather—gathering聚集bless—blessing祝福believe—belief信念bury—burial埋葬certain—certainty确定性add—addition增加—additionaladj.额外的analyze—analysis分析anxious—anxiety焦虑apologize—apology道歉applaud—applause鼓掌respond—response反应，回复pronounce—pronunciation发音real—reality现实sad—sadness难过二、名词→形容词1.-ful充满……care—careful仔细的；小心的cheer—cheerful快乐的；开朗的faith—faithful忠诚的；守信的fear—fearful害怕的；可怕的hope—hopeful有希望的help—helpful有帮助的；乐于助人的mercy—merciful仁慈的；宽容的pain—painful痛苦的；疼痛的power—powerful强大的；有力的skill—skilful熟练的；灵巧的thank—thankful感激的；感恩的use—useful有用的；实用的meaning—meaningful有意义的2.-less无……；否定care—careless粗心的；马虎的end—endless无尽的；无休止的fear—fearless无畏的；大胆的hope—hopeless无望的；绝望的help—helpless无助的；无力的home—homeless无家可归的regret—regretless无悔的use—useless无用的；无效的3.-ous后缀danger—dangerous危险的courage—courageous勇敢的；有勇气的curiosity—curious好奇的；奇特的humour—humorous幽默的；诙谐的poison—poisonous有毒的；有害的adventure—adventurous勇于冒险的continue—continuous持续的mountain—mountainous多山的4.-al后缀culture—cultural文化的nation—national国家的；民族的nature—natural自然的；天生的origin—original原始的；原创的person—personal个人的；私人的tradition—traditional传统的；惯例的5.-y天气、感官、属性cloud—cloudy多云的；阴天的dirt—dirty脏的；肮脏的dust—dusty布满灰尘的fog—foggy有雾的；模糊的greed—greedy贪婪的health—healthy健康的；健壮的ice—icy冰冷的；结冰的luck—lucky幸运的；吉利的—luckilyadv.幸运地rain—rainy下雨的；多雨的snow—snowy下雪的；雪白的storm—stormy暴风雨的；暴躁的wind—windy刮风的；多风的6.-en材质/色泽gold—golden金色的；黄金般的wood—wooden木制的；木头的wool—woolen羊毛的；毛料的7.-ish/-somechild—childish幼稚的；孩子气的fool—foolish愚蠢的；傻的trouble—troublesome麻烦的；棘手的8.-ive/-able/-ibleattract—attractive有吸引力的；迷人的create—creative有创造力的；创意的access—accessible可进入的；可使用的reason—reasonable合理的；公道的sense—sensible明智的；理智的effect—effective有效的value—valuable有价值的其他face—facial面部的finance—financial财政的office—official官方的disaster—disastrous灾难性的ecology—ecologicaladj.生态的—ecologist生态学家biology—biologicaladj.生物的—biologist生物学家benefit—beneficial有益处的challenge—challenging有挑战性的character—characteristic典型的ambition—ambitious有抱负的science—scientificadj.科学的—scientist科学家三、形容词→副词1.直接加lycareful—carefully小心地；仔细地clear—clearly清楚地；清晰地complete—completely完全地；彻底地exact—exactly恰好；精确地firm—firmly坚定地；稳固地gentle—gently温和地；轻柔地gradual—gradually逐渐地；逐步地loud—loudly大声地；喧闹地nervous—nervously紧张地；不安地quick—quickly快速地；迅速地quiet—quietly安静地；悄悄地rapid—rapidly迅速地slow—slowly缓慢地soft—softly轻柔地；柔和地steady—steadily稳定地；平稳地sudden—suddenly突然地；忽然fierce—fiercely猛烈地final—finally最后definite—definitely肯定地2.辅音+y变y为i＋lybusy—busily忙碌地easy—easily容易地；轻易地heavy—heavily沉重地；猛烈地hungry—hungrily饥饿地；渴望地lazy—lazily懒惰地；懒散地noisy—noisily吵闹地；喧闹地3.-ic结尾形容词：先加al再加lybasic—basically基本上；大体上historic—historically历史上地economic—economically经济上地historic—historically从历史角度scientific—scientifically科学地automatic—automatically自动地dramatic—dramatically显著地；剧烈地systematic—systematically系统地academic—academically学术地4.-le结尾形容词：去e+ysimple—simply简单地；仅仅gentle—gently温和地；轻柔地terrible—terribly糟糕地；极其comfortable—comfortably舒适地reasonable—reasonably合理地；尚可stable—stably稳定地flexible—flexibly灵活地，柔韧地，易弯曲地特殊不规则（高频易错）true—truly真实地；真诚地—truthn.真相whole—wholly完全地；全部地形副同形+易混辨析fast—fast快的/快地hard努力地；坚硬的→hardly几乎不late迟的；晚地→lately最近；近来high高的；高高地→highly高度地；极赞许地near近的；临近→nearly几乎；差不多四、形容词↔动词双向转换broad—broaden拓宽；扩大dark—darken变暗；变黑deep—deepen加深；深化large—enlarge扩大；放大long—lengthen加长；延长rich—enrich丰富；使富足sharp—sharpen削尖；使锋利short—shorten缩短；变短strong—strengthen加强；增强weak—weaken削弱；变弱wide—widen拓宽；加宽able—enable使能够；使可行tight—tighten收紧；绷紧五、动词→ed/ing形容词（必考）surprise—surprised感到惊讶的/surprising令人惊讶的excite—excited感到兴奋的/exciting令人兴奋的interest—interested感兴趣的/interesting有趣的bore—bored感到无聊的/boring令人乏味的tire—tired疲惫的/tiring令人疲劳的relax—relaxed放松的/relaxing令人放松的disappoint—disappointed失望的/disappointing令人失望的frighten—frightened害怕的/frightening吓人的shock—shocked震惊的/shocking令人震惊的satisfy—satisfied满意的/satisfying令人满意的—satisfactionn.满足embarrass—embarrassed尴尬的/embarrassing令人尴尬的annoy—annoyed恼怒的/annoying恼人的confuse—confused困惑的/confusing令人费解的六、四大否定前缀un-相反/否定unhappy不开心的；unfair不公平的unusual不寻常的；unable不能的unhealthy不健康的dis-否定、相反动作disagree不同意；disapp