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第第页广东省广州市白云区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷一、语法选择:本大题共15小题,共15分。语法选择Oneday,twoboyswerefightingbadly.Theybothwanted1.thetrainandrailwayset.Theirfathersawthis,pulledthemapart,andsaid,"Mylittlesons,you2.alotofstoriesaboutanimalssinceyouwereborn.Didyouknow3.hunterscaughtmonkeysinthepast?Theywouldplaceaglassjar4.asmallneckontheground.Then,insidethejar,themonkeys'favoritefoodwould5..""When6.monkeyfoundthejar,"thefathersaid,"itwouldreachinside,takethefood,andtryto7..Themonkeycouldhavegottenitshandout8.theneckofthejarhadn'tbeensosmall.Itcouldn'tgetoutwithoutgivingupthefood."Theboyslistened9.,theireyeswidewithcuriosity."Nomatterhowhardthemonkeytried,"thefathercontinued,"itcouldn'tfreeitshandwiththefoodinit.Themonkeywouldpullandtug,butthenarrowneckofthejarmadeitimpossibletoescape10.itwasholdingthefood."Thechildrenaskedtogether,"What?"Thefatherreplied,"Themonkeyalwaysrefusedtoletgo.Itheldontothefood,nevergivingup.Itwastoostubborntorealizethatlettinggowastheonlywaytobefree.Thenthehunterscameoverandgotthemonkeywithexcitement."Theboyslookedateachother,understandingthelessontheirfatherwastryingtoteach11.."So,mylittlesons,rememberthisstory.Inlife,you12.bewise.Knowwhentogiveup,whentomoveon,andwhentoletgoofwhateverisholdingyouback.Justlikethemonkey,sometimesit'sbettertogiveup13.smalltofindabetterwaytoreachyourdreams.Youcanalwaysfind14.trainset,butfightingwon'thelpyougetit."Theboysnodded,realizingthatsometimes,lettinggoisthe15.choice.1.A.get B.toget C.getting D.got2.A.read B.reads C.haveread D.hadread3.A.why B.when C.where D.how4.A.with B.of C.within D.beside5.A.wasput B.puts C.beput D.haveput6.A.the B.a C.an D./7.A.getoutthem B.getthemoutC.getoutit D.getitout8.A.when B.if C.as D.though9.A.care B.careful C.carefully D.caring10.A.after B.while C.before D.when11.A.theirs B.their C.they D.them12.A.should B.can C.must D.may13.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing14.A.other B.theother C.another D.others15.A.wise B.wisest C.wiser D.wisely二、完形填空:本大题共10小题,共10分。完形填空ItwasasunnySundayafternoon.Maggiesatbytheedgeofherfamily'snewswimmingpool,dippinghertoesintothecoolbluewater.Shehadbeendreamingofhavingapoolformonths,butnowshefeltalittlesad.Whenhermom16.,sheasked,"What'swrong,Maggie?"Maggie17.,"Ameliaisafraidofwater.Shedoesn'tknowhowtoswim.Ithoughtshe'dbeplayingwithmeinthepoolallsummer.Imissher.Nothingisfunwithouther."Hermomsmiledandsaid,"Whydon'tyouinviteAmeliaover?Maybewecanhelpherfeel18.inthewater.Rememberhowwetaughtyourlittlebrothertoswim?Nowheswimslikeadolphin."Maggielookedalittlemore19.."You'reright!I'llcallherrightnow."Laterthatafternoon,Ameliaarrivedwithherdad."Areyousureyoudon'twanttostay?"heasked.Amelia20.bravely."IthinkI'mreadytotry.""Great.I'llbebackinacoupleof21.,"herdadsaid.Ameliasat22.onthesideofthepool.MaggieandhermomspentthewholeafternoonhelpingAmelia.Theystartedwithsimple23.,holdingherhandsandshowingherhowtofloat.Slowly,Ameliabegantofeelmorecomfortable.WhenAmelia'sdadcameback,everyonewassurprisedhowquicklythetimehadpassed."Watchthis,Dad!"Ameliashouted,floatingonherback."Icandoit!"Sheproudlyshowedhimhernew24..Herdadwasamazed."Youtwomustbegreatteachers!"hesaid.Maggie'smomlaughed."IthinkAmeliawasjustreadytolearn.Shedidallthehardworkherself.""Canwecomebacktomorrow,Dad?"Ameliaasked25..Everyonelaughed,andMaggieknewthatthesummerwasgoingtobealotmorefunwithherbestfriendbyherside.16.A.discovered B.reminded C.noticed D.recommended17.A.sighed B.cried C.smiled D.shouted18.A.quiet B.safe C.warm D.cool19.A.peaceful B.helpful C.thankful D.cheerful20.A.refused B.questioned C.nodded D.explained21.A.hours B.days C.weeks D.months22.A.happily B.nervously C.sadly D.lonely23.A.steps B.ways C.methods D.gestures24.A.examples B.skills C.lessons D.programs25.A.sadly B.kindly C.excitedly D.carelessly三、阅读理解:本大题共15小题,共30分。阅读理解Summeriscoming!Howcanwestaysafeintheextremeheat?Hereissomeinformationforyou.26.Whichofthefollowingisarightwaytofaceextremeheat?A.Aworkerwearsdark-coloredclotheswhenworkingoutside.B.Adisabledpersonfeelshotanddrinkslittlewater.C.Achilddrinksjuicewithtoomuchsugarwhenhefeelshot.D.Anoldpersonstayscoolinanair-conditionedplace.27.Whichpicturecanbestshowtherelationshipbetweentimeandthetemperatureinacar?outsidetemperature27℃A. B.C. D.28.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Howtoenjoysummeractivities.B.Howtostaysafeinextremeheat.C.Thedangersofextremeheat.D.Tipsforstayingcoolinsummer.阅读理解Theguitarisoneofthemostpopularmusicalinstrumentsintheworld.Manydifferentcultureshaveplayedinstrumentsliketheguitarforover3,000years.TheoldestinstrumentthatwecanseetodaycomesfromAncientEgypt.YoucanseethisguitarinamuseuminCairo.ItbelongedtoasingerwhosangfortheEgyptianqueenHatshepsut.Thistypeofguitarhadalongneckandonlythreestrings(弦).Theluteisalsoanancientinstrumentsimilartoaguitar,butithasashortneckandabodylikehalfapear.Itusuallyhadmorestringsthanaguitarandtheywereinpairs.From1100to1500,travellingsingersandstorytellersplayedthelutetogowiththeirsongs.Guitarssometimeshadpairsofstringslikethelute,buttheguitarchangedovertimetousesinglestrings.Peopleusedguitarswithsixsinglestringsforthefirsttimeinthe1600sinItaly,butthemostimportantchangehappenedinthe1850s.TheSpanishguitarmakerAntonioTorresJuradomadetheguitar'sbodybigger.Hisideamadethesoundoftheguitarlouderandbetter.Mostoftoday'sclassicalguitarsfollowhisdesign.Thefirstelectricguitarsappearedinthe1930s.Theelectricguitarshaveasolidbodyandcanmakemanydifferentsounds.Wealsofindtheminmanydifferentshapesandsizes.Someelectricguitarsdon'tlooklikeguitarsatall!29.Whichofthefollowingisalute?A. B.C. D.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph4referto?A.Shapes. B.Sounds. C.Guitars. D.Sizes.31.Inwhichorderdidthefollowinghappen?a.Thefirstelectricguitarsappeared.b.PeopleusedguitarswithsixsinglestringsinItaly.c.AntonioTorresJuradomadetheguitar'sbodybigger.d.Travellingsingersplayedthelutetogowiththeirsongs.A.d-b-c-a B.a-c-d-b C.d-a-c-b D.c-d-a-b32.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowtoplaytheguitar.B.Tointroducedifferenttypesofguitars.C.Tocomparetheguitarwithothermusicalinstruments.D.Todescribethehistoryoftheguitar.阅读理解Ijoinedaclubcalled"PassingHelp"lastmonth.AsforwhyIjoinedthisclub,thereisatouchingstorybehindit.OneeveningthisMay,Iwenttothecountrysideonbusiness.Myoldcarbrokedownsuddenlyonmywayhome.Itwas25milesawayfrommyhouse.Iwantedtogetaride,buttherewasnocarpassingby.Itwasalsohardtotakeataxiinsuchalonelyplace.SoIdecidedtotakeabushome.Iwalkedforwardandsoonfoundabusstopnearby.Afterawhile,abuscame,butitdidnotgotomytown.Thebusdriverwasayoungwoman.ShetoldmewhichbusIshouldtake.Iwaitedthereforaboutthirtyminutes.Duringthattime,atruckpassedby,buttherewasnospaceformetotakearide.Justthenacarcametomeandawomancameoutofthecar.Shewasjustthebusdriver."WhenIreachedthebusstation,Ifoundthatthebustoyourtowncouldn'tcome,soIreturnedheretopickyouup.Ijustcan'tleaveyouhere,"shesaid,"GetinmycarandIwilltakeyoubacktoyourhome.""Itisalongway,"Isaid."Comeon,sir,"shesaid."Let'sgo."Onthewayshetoldmeastory,whichhappenedafewyearsago.Hercarranoutofgashalfwayhome.Asshewaswonderingwhattodo,anoldmandrivingbyofferedtodriveheruptoagasstationandthenbacktohercar.TheoldmantoldherthathewasamemberofPassingHelpandaskedhertojoinittoo.Whenwegottomyhome,itwasalreadyverylate.Iwantedtogivehersomemoneyasathank-you,butshedidn'tacceptit."Asaclubmember,I'mjusttryingtohelpthoseinneedanddosomethingniceforsomebodyelse.Passitalong!"shesaid.33.Whatkindofpersonisthedriverfromthestory?A.Sheisverywealthyandlikestohelpothers.B.Sheisakindandresponsibleperson.C.Sheisonlyinterestedinmakingmoney.D.Sheisnotveryfriendlytostrangers.34.Whydidthebusdrivertelltheoldmanherownexperience?A.Toexplainwhyshejoinedthe"PassingHelp"club.B.Toshowthatshehadalsofaceddifficultsituations.C.Toasktheauthortojointheclub.D.Tomaketheauthorfeelbetterabouthissituation.35.Whatisthemainthemeofthestory?A.Theimportanceofhavingawell-madecar.B.Thedifficultiesoftravelinginthecountryside.C.Thekindnessofstrangersandthepowerofhelpingothers.D.Theimportanceofbeingamemberofaclub.36.Whatcanwelearnfromthe"PassingHelp"club?A.Peopleshouldonlyhelpthosewhocanhelptheminreturn.B.Itisbettertoavoidhelpingstrangerstoavoidinconvenience.C.Joiningaclubistheonlywaytobekind.D.Helpingotherscancreateapositivecycleofkindness.阅读理解Manypeopletodayfeelstressed(感到压力)bylastingcompetition,oftencalledthe"ratrace(内卷)".Thismeansfacingtoomuchpressure(压力)inalmosteverypartoflife.Parentsfeeltheymustgivetheirchildrenthebestthingsandopportunities.Studentsgetcaughtinaneducationalrace,feelingtheyneedtogradesandtoattendthebestschoolstosucceed.Officeworkersoftenputinverylonghours,sometimeover10hoursaday.Peoplepushthemselvesextremelyhardtomakemoremoneyorachievebiggoalbelievingthisistheonlypathtoagoodlife.However,thislastingstruggleoftenleadstomoreworryandunhappinessinsteadofachievement.Becauseofthisheavypressure,somepeoplechooseadifferentpathcalled"lyingflat."Theydecidestopchasingthosebig,stressfulgoalslikebuyinganexpensivehouse,gettingthehighestgrades,orlandthebestjob.Theymightloseinterestinworkingorstudyinghard.Insteadoftryingnewthingsorlearnnewskills,theymightjuststayintheircomfortzone,watchingvideosorplayinggamesforlonghours.Thiscanmakethemfeelleftbehindastheworldchanges.Sadly,thischoiceoftenleadstofeelingupsetandlosingconfidenceinthemselvesbecausetheyaren'tmovingforward.Clearly,neithertheexhausting(使人精疲力尽的)"ratrace"norcompletely"lyingflat"isahealthyorhappysolution.Livingonlyforlastingcompetitionmakespeopletired,stressed,andoftenunhappy.Ontheotherhand,givingupcompletelyleadstoboredom,feelingworried,andmissingoutonopportunities.Thebestwayforwardistofindabalancedway.Weshouldstillhavedreamsandgoals,butwecanpursue(追求)themwithhealthycompetition.Healthycompetitionmeanstryingourbest,learning,andimprovingourselves,butwithoutendlesslycomparingourselvestoothersorpushingtothepointoftiredness.It'slikeplayingasport:youtrytowin,butyoualsoenjoythegameandrespectyourteammatesandopponents(对手).Thisbalancedwayallowsustomakesteadyprogress,learnnewthings,andachievemeaningfulthings,whilestillhavingtimetorelax,enjoyhobbies,andbehappy.Ithelpsusavoidtheextremetirednessofthe"ratrace"andthelackofpurposein"lyingflat,"leadingtoamoresatisfyinglife.37.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.The"ratrace"isnecessaryforsuccessinlife.B."Lyingflat"isagoodwaytoavoidstress.C.Boththe"ratrace"and"lyingflat"havetheiradvantages.D.Abalancedwaytolifeisthebestsolution.38.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutpeoplewho"lieflat"?A.Theyaremoresuccessfulinlife.B.Theyfeelmorerelaxedandhappy.C.Theymayloseconfidenceandfeelleftbehind.D.Theyaremorelikelytoachievetheirgoals.39.Whatdoestheauthormeanby"healthycompetition"?A.Competingwithotherstomakemoremoney.B.Managingtoimproveyourselfwithoutlastingcomparisontoothers.C.Workingextremelyhardtoachievebiggoals.D.Tryingtobethebestineverythingyoudo.40.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tosuggestabalancedapproachtolifeasthebestsolution.B.Toaskpeopletostopcompetingand"lieflat."C.Toexplainwhythe"ratrace"istheonlywaytosucceed.D.Toencouragepeopletoworkharderandachievemore.四、阅读五选五:本大题共5小题,共5分。阅读五选五Mother'sDay,whichfallsonthesecondSundayofMay,isaholidayshowinglovetoyourmother.Today,it'salsoaholidaytobringyourfamilyjoy.41..MakeyourhomebeautifulGetyourhousewarmandfreshwithsomedecorations(装饰品).Oneideaistocutpaperheartsandhangthemacrossawindoworabookcase.42.Andputtheminunexpectedplaces.Surpriseyourfamilywithawordlike"Youlookgoodtoday!"onthebathroommirroror"Iloveyou!"onacoffeemaker.MakeaspecialplanOneofthebestwaystoshowyourfamilythatyoucareaboutthemistoplanaspecialtrip.43.Oraskyourbrotherandsistertohaveapicnicinthepark.Youcanalsomakesomepreparationsforthetrip,likewashingthefamilycar,buyingsurprisesnacksforeachofyourfamilymembers.TrytomakeadinneryourselfThehomemadefoodisalwayspopular—everyonelikesit!It'stimeforyoutohaveatry.44.Thenyoucanenjoyitwithyourfamily.Letthefoodshowourloveandthanksandremindusofsweetmemories.CreateamemoryjartogetherFindacleanjarorbox.Askeveryoneinyourfamilytowritedownhappymemoriesorthingstheyloveabouteachotheronsmallpiecesofpaper.45.Foldthepapersandplacetheminsidethejar.Decoratethejarwithstickersorribbons.Keepitsomewherespecialandreadthenotestogethernextyear.Thisjarbecomesatreasurefulloffamilyloveandjoy,remindingeveryonehowspecialyourhomeis.A.Youcanalsoaddsmallphotosordrawings.B.Anotherwayistowritewarmwordsonthepaperhearts.C.It'sagoodideatoinviteyourmomforabikeriding.D.Youcancookhomemadefoodforyourfamily.E.Herearesometipstoshowyourloveandkindnessthisyear.五、首字母短文填空:本大题共1小题,共5分。首字母短文填空Long,longagoinancientChina,theJadeEmperorwantedtocreateaspecialcalendar.Hedecidedtoholdar46.foralltheanimals.Thefirsttwelveanimalstoreachthefinishlinewouldbecomepartofthezodiac(十二生肖).TheSnake,thoughsmall,wasverycleverandknewitneededasmartplantowin.Onthatday,theSnakesawtheOx,whowasstrongandsteady.TheSnakewaveditsbodytogettheOx'sattentionandofferedtohelp."Iknowashortcutthroughtheforest,"theSnakesaid.TheOx,beingkind,a47.theSnake'sofferandlettheSnakerideonitsback.Astheyran,theSnakefeltp48.andrelaxed,knowingithadmadeagoodchoice.Butsoon,theycametoadangerousriver.TheOxwasworried,buttheSnakeencouragedit,"Wecandothistogether!"WiththeSnake'shelp,theOxcrossedtheriversafely.Whentheywereclosetothefinishline,theSnakejumpedofftheOx'sbackandslitheredquicklytothefront.TheSnake'sclevernessandbraverymadeagoodi49.ontheJadeEmperor.HedecidedtoincludetheSnakeasthesixthanimalinthezodiac.Fromthenon,peoplebelievedthatthoseb50.intheYearoftheSnakewerewiseandresourceful,justliketheSnakeinthestory.TheSnakebecamealovelyandrespectedanimalinthezodiac,knownforitsclevermindandbraveheart.六、完成句子:本大题共5小题,共10分。51.昨天下午,一只迷路的小狗被发现蜷缩在灌木丛下瑟瑟发抖。Asmalllostpuppyshiveringunderabushyesterdayafternoon.52.莉莉放学走路回家时,听到了小狗微弱的呜咽声。Lilyhomefromschoolwhenshehearditsfaintwhimpers.53.由于寒冷的雨水,小狗看起来非常虚弱和害怕。thecoldrain,thepuppylookedveryweakandscared.54.莉莉停下来,小心地抱起这只小狗。她真是太好了。veryLilytostopandcarefullypickupthelittledog.55.她把它抱回家,擦干它的身体,并承诺独自照顾它。Shetookhimhome,driedhimoff,andpromisedtolookafterhim.七、书面表达:本大题共1小题,共15分。56.现在越来越多人养宠物,学校举行征文比赛,邀请全体学生以"Myfavouriteanimal"为题向学校校报投稿,内容如以下思维导图。注意:(1)补全题目,可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息;(2)词数80左右(短文的开头已给出,不计入词数);(3)不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分。MyFavouriteAnimal:▲
答案解析部分【答案】1.B;2.C;3.D;4.A;5.C;6.B;7.D;8.B;9.C;10.B;11.D;12.A;13.A;14.C;15.B【解析】【分析】本文关于父亲借猎人用窄口瓶捉猴子的故事,告诫两个为玩具争斗的儿子:人生需懂得适时放手,固执争夺只会困住自己。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。1.句意:他们都想得到那个火车和铁路模型套装。A.get(得到,动词原形);B.toget(得到,动词不定式);C.getting(得到,动名词/现在分词);D.got(得到,过去式/过去分词)。根据原文"wanted"可知,want后接动词不定式,构成"wanttodosth.(想要做某事)"结构,因此应选toget。故选B。2.句意:你们从出生起就已经读了很多关于动物的故事。A.read(读,动词原形/过去式);B.reads(读,第三人称单数形式);C.haveread(读,现在完成时);D.hadread(读,过去完成时)。根据原文"sinceyouwereborn(自从你们出生起)"可知,since引导的时间状语从句常与现在完成时连用,强调动作从过去持续到现在,动词形式为haveread。故选C。3.句意:你们知道过去猎人是怎样捕捉猴子的吗?A.why(为什么,表原因);B.when(何时,表时间);C.where(何地,表地点);D.how(怎样,表方式)。根据下文父亲讲述猎人捕捉猴子的具体方法(放玻璃罐、放食物等)可知,此处是询问"方式",因此应选疑问词how。故选D。4.句意:他们会在地上放一个有着细颈的玻璃罐。A.with(具有,带有);B.of(……的,表所属);C.within(在……之内);D.beside(在……旁边)。根据原文"aglassjar...asmallneck"可知,此处表示"带有细颈的玻璃罐",with可表"具有、带有",修饰名词jar,因此应选with。故选A。5.句意:然后,在罐子里面,会放入猴子最喜欢的食物。A.wasput(被放,一般过去时被动语态);B.puts(放,第三人称单数主动语态);C.beput(被放,被动语态原形);D.haveput(放,现在完成时主动语态)。根据原文"themonkeys'favoritefood"与"put"是被动关系(食物被放入),且would后接动词原形可知,此处应选beput。故选C。6.句意:当一只猴子发现这个罐子时。A.the(定冠词,表特指);B.a(不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前);C.an(不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前);D./(零冠词)。根据原文"monkey"是可数名词单数,且此处首次提到,表泛指"一只猴子",应用不定冠词。且monkey以辅音音素开头,因此应选不定冠词a。故选B。7.句意:它会伸进手去,抓住食物,然后试图把它(手)拿出来。A.getoutthem(错误结构,代词应放中间);B.getthemout(把它们拿出来);C.getoutit(错误结构,代词应放中间);D.getitout(把它拿出来)。根据原文"itshand"可知,此处指代"手",是单数,用代词it。"getout"是动副短语,代词作宾语时需放在中间,因此应选getitout。故选D。8.句意:如果罐子的颈部不是那么小,猴子本可以把它的手拿出来。A.when(当……时,表时间);B.if(如果,表假设);C.as(因为,表原因;当……时,表时间);D.though(尽管,表让步)。根据原文"couldhavegotten"可知,此处是虚拟语气,表与过去事实相反的假设("罐子颈部不那么小"与事实相反),应用if引导条件状语从句,因此应选if。故选B。9.句意:男孩们认真地听着,眼睛因好奇而睁得大大的。A.care(关心,动词/名词);B.careful(认真的,形容词);C.carefully(认真地,副词);D.caring(关心他人的,形容词)。根据原文"listened"可知,此处需用副词修饰动词,因此应选carefully。故选C。10.句意:但是罐子狭窄的颈部使得当它拿着食物时无法逃脱。A.after(在……之后,表时间);B.while(当……时,表动作同时进行);C.before(在……之前,表时间);D.when(当……时,表时间)。根据原文"itwasholdingthefood"与"escape"是同时进行的动作(拿着食物的同时无法逃脱)可知,while强调"在……期间,与……同时",符合题意。因此应选while。故选B。11.句意:明白了他们的父亲试图教给他们的道理。A.theirs(他们的,名词性物主代词);B.their(他们的,形容词性物主代词);C.they(他们,主格代词);D.them(他们,宾格代词)。根据原文"teach"是及物动词可知,后接宾语,且应用宾格代词,因此应选them。故选D。12.句意:在生活中,你们应该明智。A.should(应该,表建议);B.can(能,表能力);C.must(必须,表强制);D.may(可能,表推测)。根据原文父亲对儿子的教导可知,此处是建议他们"应该"明智,因此应选should。故选A。13.句意:有时候,放弃一些小的东西来找到实现梦想的更好方法会更好。A.something(某物,用于肯定句);B.anything(任何物,用于否定句/疑问句);C.everything(一切事物);D.nothing(没有事物)。根据原文是肯定句且表示"一些小的东西"可知,应用不定代词something。故选A。14.句意:你们总能找到另一个火车模型套装。A.other(其他的,后接复数名词);B.theother(两者中的另一个);C.another(三者及以上中的另一个,后接单数名词);D.others(其他事物,代词,后不接名词)。根据原文"trainset"是单数名词且此处表不确定的"另一个",应用another。故选C。15.句意:意识到有时候,放手是最明智的选择。A.wise(明智的,原级);B.wisest(最明智的,最高级);C.wiser(更明智的,比较级);D.wisely(明智地,副词)。根据原文"the"可知,此处应用形容词最高级,因此应选wisest。故选B。【答案】16.C;17.A;18.B;19.D;20.C;21.A;22.B;23.A;24.B;25.C【解析】【分析】本文关于Maggie因好友Amelia怕水不能一起玩而失落,在妈妈建议下邀请Amelia来学游泳,经过一下午练习Amelia成功学会漂浮,大家都很开心并期待明天再来。
【点评】考查完形填空。特别注意文章的首尾句,因为它们往往包含文章的主题或总结性信息,对于理解全文至关重要。16.句意:当她的妈妈注意到时,她问道:"Maggie,怎么了?"A.discovered(发现,指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物);B.reminded(提醒,使想起);C.noticed(注意到,指察觉到某人或某事的状态);D.recommended(推荐,建议)。根据上文"Maggiesatbytheedge...butnowshefeltalittlesad(玛吉坐在边缘……但现在她觉得有点难过)"可知,Maggie情绪低落,妈妈察觉到她的状态后才询问原因,"noticed"符合语境,指妈妈注意到她的异常。故选C。17.句意:Maggie叹了口气:"Amelia怕水。她不会游泳……"A.sighed(叹气,因无奈或伤感而叹气);B.cried(哭,因悲伤或激动流泪);C.smiled(微笑,表开心);D.shouted(大喊,表激动或愤怒)。根据Maggie的话"Ameliaisafraidofwater...Nothingisfunwithouther(阿米莉亚怕水……没有她,什么都不好玩)"可知,她因朋友不能一起玩而感到伤感,"sighed"能体现这种情绪。故选A。18.句意:也许我们可以帮她在水里感到安全。A.quiet(安静的,指没有声音);B.safe(安全的,指没有危险);C.warm(温暖的,指温度适宜);D.cool(凉爽的,指温度低)。根据"Ameliaisafraidofwater(阿米莉亚怕水)"可知,Amelia怕水,核心是缺乏安全感,帮助她感到"安全"才能让她克服恐惧,"safe"符合语境。故选B。19.句意:Maggie看起来开心多了。"你说得对!我现在就给她打电话。"A.peaceful(平静的,指内心平和);B.helpful(有帮助的,指乐于助人);C.thankful(感激的,指心怀感谢);D.cheerful(开心的,指情绪愉悦)。根据上文Maggie因朋友不能一起玩而难过,以及她回应妈妈"我现在就给她打电话"的积极态度可知,她情绪变好了,"cheerful"符合语境。故选D。20.句意:Amelia勇敢地点了点头:"我想我准备好尝试了。"A.refused(拒绝,表不接受);B.questioned(质疑,表怀疑);C.nodded(点头,表同意);D.explained(解释,表说明原因)。根据"Ameliaarrivedwithherdad.'Areyousureyoudon'twanttostay?'heasked(阿米莉亚和她爸爸来了。你确定你不想留下来吗他问)"和"IthinkI'mreadytotry(我想我已经准备好尝试了)"可知,Amelia同意留下尝试,"nodded"是同意的肢体表达。故选C。21.句意:"好的。我几小时后回来。"她爸爸说。A.hours(小时,指较短的时间);B.days(天,指一天及以上);C.weeks(周,指七天左右);D.months(月,指较长时间)。根据"Laterthatafternoon,Ameliaarrived(那天下午晚些时候,阿米莉亚来了)"和"WhenAmelia'sdadcameback,everyonewassurprisedhowquicklythetimehadpassed(当阿米莉亚的爸爸回来时,每个人都惊讶于时间过得如此之快)"可推测,爸爸离开的时间是当天下午的几个小时,"hours"符合语境。故选A。22.句意:Amelia紧张地坐在泳池边。A.happily(开心地,指情绪愉悦);B.nervously(紧张地,指因不安而紧张);C.sadly(难过地,指情绪低落);D.lonely(孤独地,指感到孤单)。根据"Ameliaisafraidofwater(阿米莉亚怕水)"结合常识可知,她怕水,初次面对泳池时会紧张,"nervously"符合语境。故选B。23.句意:他们从简单的步骤开始,牵着她的手,教她如何漂浮。A.steps(步骤,指做事的程序或阶段);B.ways(方法,指做某事的方式);C.methods(方法,指系统的方法);D.gestures(手势,指肢体动作)。根据"holdingherhandsandshowingherhowtofloat(握着她的手,教她如何漂浮)"结合常识可知,教游泳是按"步骤"进行的(先牵手,再教漂浮),"steps"符合语境。故选A。24.句意:她自豪地向他展示她的新技能。A.examples(例子,指用来举例的事物);B.skills(技能,指通过学习获得的能力);C.lessons(课程,指教学内容);D.programs(项目,指有计划的活动)。根据"floatingonherback.'Icandoit!'(漂浮在她的背上。"我能行!")"结合常识可知,漂浮是Amelia学会的游泳"技能","skills"符合语境。故选B。25.句意:Amelia兴奋地问:"爸爸,我们明天能再来吗?"A.sadly(难过地,指情绪低落);B.kindly(友好地,指态度温和);C.excitedly(兴奋地,指因开心而激动);D.carelessly(粗心地,指不认真)。根据Amelia学会游泳后想再来的态度,以及"Everyonelaughed(大家笑了)"的氛围,可知她是"兴奋地"提问,"excitedly"符合语境。故选C。【答案】26.D27.C28.B【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了在极端高温天气中保持安全的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需结合题干定位原文或常识,判断正确选项。26.推理判断题。根据文中指出"Staycoolinanair-conditionedplace."(在有空调的地方保持凉爽)可知,老人等群体需在凉爽环境(如空调房)中。选项D"老人在空调房保持凉爽"符合安全方式。故选D。27.推理判断题。根据文中汽车部分的信息:外界温度27℃时,20分钟车内43℃,40分钟48℃,60分钟51℃可知,车内温度随时间延长而持续升高。符合这一变化趋势的图片为选项C。故选C。28.文章大意题。根据文章开头"Summeriscoming!Howcanwestaysafeintheextremeheat?Hereissomeinformationforyou."(夏天来了!我们如何在极端高温中保持安全?这里有一些信息供你参考。)可知,文章核心围绕"如何在极端高温中保障安全"展开。故选B。【答案】29.B30.C31.A32.D【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了吉他的发展历史,包括相关乐器的演变及重要变革。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需关注时间线、特征描述等细节,结合题干定位信息。29.推理判断题。根据第二段"Thelute...hasashortneckandabodylikehalfapear."(鲁特琴……有短颈,琴身像半个梨。)结合选项图片,符合短颈、梨形琴身特征的是选项B。故选B。30.代词指代题。根据第四段"Theelectricguitarshaveasolidbodyandcanmakemanydifferentsounds.Wealsofindtheminmanydifferentshapesandsizes."(电吉他有实心琴身,能发出多种不同声音。我们也能发现它们有许多不同的形状和尺寸。)可知,此处"them"指代前文提到的"electricguitars"(电吉他)。故选C。31.推理判断题。根据文章可知:d.1100到1500年,游吟歌手用鲁特琴伴奏;B.1600年代意大利人使用六根单弦吉他;C.1850年代AntonioTorresJurado扩大吉他琴身;a.1930年代第一把电吉他出现。所以事件顺序为d-b-c-a。故选A。32.文章大意题。文章从3000多年前的古埃及类似吉他的乐器讲起,依次介绍鲁特琴、六弦吉他、西班牙吉他及电吉他的发展,主要描述吉他的历史。故选D。【答案】33.B34.A35.C36.D【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者加入"PassingHelp"俱乐部的缘由,通过公交司机助人的故事,展现了善意的传递。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需理解故事背后的情感和主题,结合选项判断。33.推理判断题。根据"WhenIreachedthebusstation,Ifoundthatthebustoyourtowncouldn'tcome,soIreturnedheretopickyouup.Ijustcan'tleaveyouhere"(司机发现去作者镇上的公交无法到达,主动返回接他,不愿丢下他)以及后文不接受报酬可知,体现了她的善良和责任心。选项B"她是一个善良且有责任心的人"符合描述。故选B。34.推理判断题。根据""Hercarranoutofgashalfwayhome...TheoldmantoldherthathewasamemberofPassingHelpandaskedhertojoinittoo"("她的车在回家的路上没油了……老人告诉她,他是传递帮助的成员,并请她也加入进来)"可知,第五段司机讲述自己曾受老人帮助,老人邀请她加入"PassingHelp"俱乐部,所以她讲述经历是为了解释加入该俱乐部的原因。故选A。35.文章大意题。文章通过公交司机帮助作者、老人帮助司机的故事,体现了陌生人的善意及帮助他人的力量。选项C符合主题。故选C。36.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Passitalong!"(将善意传递下去!)结合全文可知,"PassingHelp"俱乐部体现了帮助他人能形成善意的积极循环。故选D。【答案】37.D38.C39.B40.A【解析】【分析】文章分析了"内卷"和"躺平"的问题,提出平衡的生活方式是最佳选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需把握作者对两种极端生活方式的态度及最终观点。37.文章大意题。根据最后一段"Thebestwayforwardistofindabalancedway."(最好的前进方式是找到一种平衡的方式。)可知,文章主要观点是平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案。故选D。38.细节理解题。根据第二段"thischoiceoftenleadstofeelingupsetandlosingconfidenceinthemselvesbecausetheyaren'tmovingforwar;D...feelleftbehind"(这种选择常常导致沮丧,对自己失去信心,因为他们没有进步……感觉被落在后面)可知,"躺平"的人可能失去信心并感到被落后。故选C。39.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Healthycompetitionmeanstryingourbest,learning,andimprovingourselves,butwithoutendlesslycomparingourselvestoothers"(健康的竞争意味着尽最大努力、学习和提升自己,但不没完没了地和别人比较)可知,健康竞争是提升自己而不持续与他人比较。故选B。40.推理判断题。文章先分析"内卷"和"躺平"的弊端,最后提出平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案,作者的写作目的是建议这种平衡方式。故选A。【答案】41.E;42.B;43.C;44.D;45.A【解析】【分析】文章介绍了母亲节向家人表达爱和善意的几个建议,包括美化家、制定特别计划、自己做晚餐以及一起制作记忆罐。
A.你也可以添加小照片或图画。
B.另一种方法是在纸心上写温馨的话。
C.邀请你妈妈去骑自行车是个好主意。
D.你可以为家人做家常菜。
E.这里有一些今年表达爱和善意的建议。
【点评】考查阅读还原。阅读短文,理解各段主题,结合上下文的逻辑关系和选项内容,故选择合适的句子使短文连贯完整。41.根据上文"Mother'sDay...isaholidaytobringyourfamilyjoy."(母亲节……是一个给家人带来欢乐的节日。)以及下文列出的具体建议(美化家、制定特别计划等)可知,此处应是引出这些建议的句子,E项"Herearesometipstoshowyourloveandkindnessthisyear."(这里有一些今年表达爱和善意的建议。)符合题意,故选E。42.根据上文"Oneideaistocutpaperheartsandhangthemacrossawindoworabookcase."(一个主意是剪纸心,把它们挂在窗户或书架上。)以及下文"Surpriseyourfamilywithaword...onthebathroommirroror'Iloveyou!'onacoffeemaker."(用一句话给家人惊喜……在浴室镜子上或"我爱你!"在咖啡机上。)可知,此处是另一种与写温馨话语相关的做法,B项"Anotherwayistowritewarmwordsonthepaperhearts."(另一种方法是在纸心上写温馨的话。)中的"Anotherway"承接上文的"Oneidea",符合题意,故选B。43.根据上文"Oneofthebestways...istoplanaspecialtrip."(向家人表达关心的最好方式之一是计划一次特别的旅行。)以及下文"Oraskyourbrotherandsistertohaveapicnicinthepark."(或者让你的兄弟姐妹去公园野餐。)可知,此处是一个具体的旅行计划例子,C项"It'sagoodideatoinviteyourmomforabikeriding."(邀请妈妈去骑自行车是个好主意。)符合"特别旅行"的语境,故选C。44.根据本段主题"Trytomakeadinneryourself"(试着自己做一顿晚餐)以及上文"Thehomemadefoodisalwayspopular—everyonelikesit!It'stimeforyoutohaveatry."(家常菜总是很受欢迎——每个人都喜欢!是时候试试了。)可知,此处应是做家常菜的具体表述,D项"Youcancookhomemadefoodforyourfamily."(你可以为家人做家常菜。)符合题意,故选D。45.根据上文"Askeveryoneinyourfamilytowritedownhappymemoriesorthingstheylovea
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