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第第页四川省泸州市2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末英语试题(6月)一、第二部分,读,第一节:完形填空。阅读下面A、B两篇材料,根据材料内容,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题,每小题1.5分,共计22.5分。)阅读下面A、B两篇材料,根据材料内容,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AsthenewsonTVreported,aheavyrainstormwasinAlabama.Strongwinds1.outside.Everyoneintheneighborhoodwasbusy.Ben'sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwas2.theflashlightsandradiowereworking.Benwashelpinghismommakedinnerwhentherainbegantobeatheavily3.thewindows.Atnight,Benwassoscaredthathecouldnotsleepatfirstwiththeterriblesoundoutside.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwas4.ataround3:00a.m.Whenhewokeup,thesunwas5..1.A.blow B.blew C.blowing D.blown2.A.makingsure B.findingoutC.puttingoff D.cuttingdown3.A.against B.toward C.over D.across4.A.dyingof B.dyingfrom C.dyingout D.dyingdown5.A.rising B.raising C.dropping D.keeping阅读下面A、B两篇材料,根据材料内容,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AnIndianmumlostpartsofhertwolegsduringatornado(龙卷风).Shesavedherchildren'slivesbyprotectingthemwithherownbody.36-year-oldmumStephanieDeckersaidina(n)6.thatshepickeduphertwochildrenearlyfromschoolwhenabigstormwascomingnear.Theywereinthefamily'sundergroundroomwhenthestorm7.."Ihaveneverseensuchastrongwindbefore,"Deckersaid."Assoonastheglassbroke,thewholehousestarted8.."Deckermadeaquickdecisiontosaveherchildren,9.themupinablanketandthrowingherselfontopofthem."Everythingstartedcrashingintomy10.,"shesaid."Mychildrenwerescreaming,'Mummy,Ican'tlivewithoutyou,pleasedon'tletmedie.‘AndIsaid,‘We'renotgoingtodie,wearegoingtomakeit."11.,herchildrenweresafefromthestormcompletelyunharmed.Deckerlostonelegabovethekneeandtheotherabovetheankle."WhenIlookeddownatmylegs,I12.whathadhappened.Iwasafraidthatsomethingmoreterriblewouldhappen,13.Itookmyphoneandmadeavideotomyhusband."Deckersaid."Iprayedtosurvive(生存),thatIwantthesekidstohaveamumandIdidnotwantthemtogrowupwithoutme."Herprayers(祈祷)were14.byaneighbour.Heranforhelpandfoundanofficertravellinginacar.Theofficerusedtourniquets(止血带)tostopherbloodloss."Itwasprettyamazingmylifewasabletosurvive.Mychildrenareherebecauseofher,"Stephanie'shusbandJoetoldthereporter."Iletherknowthatnothingelseis15..She'sgoingtobehereforkids,andshegetstoseethemgrowup."6.A.interview B.guide C.play D.speech7.A.dropped B.rushed C.hit D.blew8.A.burning B.moving C.beating D.pushing9.A.dressing B.giving C.putting D.tying10.A.face B.head C.back D.neck11.A.Suddenly B.Mostly C.Exactly D.Luckily12.A.realized B.believed C.remembered D.wondered13.A.and B.so C.but D.as14.A.answered B.allowed C.missed D.expected15.A.serious B.difficult C.impossible D.important二、第二部分,读,第二节:阅读理解。阅读下面A、B、C三篇短文,选择最佳选项。(共15小题,每小题2分,共计30分。)阅读理解TheForbiddenCitycanalwaystakeitsvisitors'breathaway.Thisyear,theworld'slargestwoodenpalaceismorethan600yearsold!Doyouknowwhomadeit?In1406,whentheMingYongleEmperordecidedtomovethecountry'scapitalfromNanjingtoBeijing,hestartedtobuildapalaceinBeijing.Ittookaboutamillionworkers14yearstofinishit.MaterialslikeNanmuandstonesweresentfromalloverChinatoBeijing.Nanmu,themostvaluableChinesewood,wasusedtomakehugewoodenpillars(柱子).Peoplecouldonlyfinditdeepinforestsover1,800kmawayfromBeijing.WorkershadtofloatthewoodonriversallthewaynorthtoBeijing.Stoneswerealsotransportedtothepalace.TheheavieststoneintheForbiddenCityisabout250tons.Itwassoheavythatpeoplecouldonlymoveitduringwinter.Theypouredwaterontotheroadtocreateice.Thenthousandsofworkerspulledthestoneontheicetothepalace.AsoneofChina'slargestpalaces,theForbiddenCityisamust-seeforallvisitors.16.Whendidtheworkersfinishbuildingthepalace?A.In1406. B.In1410. C.In1416. D.In1420.17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Materials"inParagraph4meaninChinese?A.木头 B.石头 C.材料 D.建筑18.WhydidtheworkersmovethestonestoBeijinginwinter?A.Becausetheworkerscouldfindheavystoneseasilyinwinter.B.Becauseicyroadshelpedthemmovethestones.C.Becausestonesbecamemuchsmallerandlighterinwinter.D.BecausetheYongleEmperoraskedthemtomovetheminwinter.19.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthepassage?A.Theworkersweresohappytobuildthepalace.B.Thepalaceisfamousfortheheavystones.C.Winteristhebestseasontovisitthepalace.D.Itwasdifficulttobuildthepalaceatthattime.20.Wherecanwepossiblyreadthepassage?A.Inatravelguide. B.Inahistorytextbook.C.Inageographicmagazine. D.Inastorybook.阅读理解Someparentsthinkchildrenshouldplayalotintheirchildhood.However,someparentsthinkchildrenshouldlearnmoreusefulthings.Theyteachtheirchildrentodochoresbythemselvesearly.Whatarechores?Choresarethingsweneedtodoeverydaylikewashingthedishesandsweepingthefloor.Herearesomebenefits(益处)thathelpingoutwithchoreswillbringtochildren.First,doingchoresteacheschildrenlifeskills(技能).Childrenwillneedtodomanyhardthingsbythemselvesoneday,sotheyshouldlearnmorelifeskillsasearlyaspossible.Doingchoreslikecooking,feedingpetsandcleaningthehousecanhelpthembecomemoreindependentandteachthemhowtosolveproblems.Second,doingchoreshelpschildrenlearntorespect(尊敬)others.Ifchildrenareaskedtocleanupthehouse,theymayknowbetteraboutthemesstheymake.Andtheywillrespectothers'workmore.Third,doingchoreshelpschildrenbebetteratmakingplansandorganizingtheirtime.Therearealotofthingstodoeveryday,andit'shardtofitthemallin.Childrenneedtodotheirhomework,dohouseworkandmakefriends.Learningtodothesewellhelpsthemknowwhatthemostimportantthingisandhowtoorganizetheirtimewell.21.HowdoesthewriterintroducethetopicofthepassageinParagraph1?A. B.Bycomparingideas.C.Bytellingstories. D.Byshowingfacts.22.Whatarechoresaccordingtothepassage?A.Schoolsubjects. B.Gamesthatchildrenplay.C.Thingstodoeveryday. D.Activitiesforadultsonly.23.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4probablymean?A.Childrenshouldgiveupsomethingsiftheyarebusy.B.Childrenneedtoputtasksinorderandplantheirtimewell.C.Childrenshouldaskforhelpwhentheyhavetoomanytasks.D.Childrenshouldcleantheirhomesbeforedoingotherthings.24.Whichistherightstructure(结构)ofthepassage?(①=Paragraph1...)A.①-②③④ B.①-②③-④ C.①-②-③④ D.①②-③-④25.What'sthewriter'spurpose(目的)ofwritingthepassage?A.Toteachchildrenhowtodochores.B.Toshowwhykidsshouldrespectothers.C.Toteachparentshowtomakeplansforkids.D.Toshowparentshowkidsbenefitfromchores.阅读理解Chinaisrapidlyintegratingdrone(无人机)technologyintoitsmedicalemergencysystems.NorthChina'sTianjinMunicipalitylauncheditsfirstmedicaldroneroute(路线)inlateMay,markedbyasuccessfulsimulated(模拟)emergencybloodsupplytestflight.TheflightconnectedabloodstationattheBinhaiNewAreaandtheTianjinMedicalUniversityCancerHospital'sBinhaibranch."Thedroneroutecreatesanemergencybloodlifelineforpatientsincriticalconditions,"saidShenJun,vicepresidentofthehospital.Carryinga5kgpayload(载重),thedroneisequippedwithatemperature-controlledmedicalboxthatallowsfortemperature,locationandflightstatusmonitoring(监控)inrealtime.Itsefficientpoint-to-pointdeliveryavoidsdelayscausedbyroadtraffic,savingprecioustimeforemergencytreatment.Bolstered(激励)bytechnologyandpolicysupport,ChineseprovinceslikeZhejiang,GuangdongandFujianareactivelyexploringtheapplicationofdronesintheirmedicalsystems,transportingtestsamples,blood,emergencysuppliesandmedicine,whicharecrucialforsavingcriticaltreatmenttimes.InthecityofZigong,insouthwestChina'sSichuanProvince,droneshavebecomearoutinepartofmedicalservices.Accordingtothemunicipalhealthcommission,thecityhasopened25low-altituderouteslinking28sitesformedicaltransport.AsofMay27,droneshadcompleted5,270flightsformedicaluse.Thedronesareautomated,cloud-controlledmodelsbuiltforurbanoperations.Cruisingat72kmperhourwithan18-kmrange,theyoperate70percentto80percentfasterthangroundtransport."Usually,ittakesatleast30to40minutesfromthehospitalbranchofBancangtotheheadquartersbygroundtransportation.Dronescutthisto11minutes,"saidHuangYuting,transportmanageratZigongFirstPeople'sHospital,referringtoacaseinwhichadronedeliveredadrugforemergencyuselastAugust.HaoJihui,presidentofTianjinMedicalUniversityCancerHospital,saidthelow-altitudetransportsystembreaksgeographicalbarriers,enhancesemergencyresponse,andsignificantlyimprovesmedicalresourceefficiencybycuttingcostsandtransportationtimes."We'llexpanddroneapplicationstoenhancecross-regionalmedicalresourceallocation(配置)andmeetmulti-levelhealthservicedemands,"Haoadded.26.WhatisthemainpurposeofusingdronesinChina'smedicalemergencysystems?A.Toreducethecostofmedialsupplies.B.Toavoidtrafficdelaysandsavetimeforemergencies.C.Toreplaceallgroundtransportationinhospitals.D.Totraindoctorsinnewtechnology.27.HowdoesthedroneinTianjinensurethesafetyofbloodsupplies?A.Byflyingatveryhighaltitudes.B.Byusingatemperature-controlledboxwithreal-timemonitoring.C.Bycarryingextramedicalstaff.D.Bymakingmultiplestopsduringdelivery.28.Accordingtothearticle,whichChinesecitiesarementionedasusingmedicaldrones?A.BeijingandShanghai.B.Tianjin,Zhejiang,andSichuan.C.GuangzhouandShenzhen.D.Onlysmalltownsinruralareas.29.HowmuchfasteraredronescomparedtogroundtransportinZigong?A.10%-20%faster.B.30%-40%faster.C.70%-80%faster.D.Thesamespeedasthegroundtransportations.30.Whatisthemainadvantage(优势)ofusingmedicaldronesaccordingtoHaoJihui?A.Theycancarrymoremedicalstaff.B.Theymakeflyingmorepopular.C.Theybreakgeographicalbarriersandimproveefficiency.D.Theyarecheaperthangroundtransportations.三、第二部分,读,第三节:补全语篇。根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。(共5小题,每小题1.5分,共计7.5分。)根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。Sometimeswegetsome"surprises"onourphone.31.Infact,thismagic,mind-readingrecommendation(推荐)dependsondata(数据).Dataisnolongeronlyaboutnumbers,butinformationaboutalmosteverypartoflife:wherewego,whatwedoandwhatwelikeanddislike.32.BigDatamakeslifeeasier.Thesmarttrafficsystem(交通系统)inLosAngelesisagoodexample.Itcollectsreal-timetrafficdataandcontrols4,500trafficlightsinthesystem.33.AsupermarketnamedTescowillrecommendproducts(产品)totheircustomers(顾客)onitswebsiteafterknowingtheirshoppinghabits.Itsapponamobilephoneevenguidescustomersaroundsupermarketstofindwhattheywant.34.However,BigDatacausesseriousproblemsabouthowweprotectourprivacy(隐私).WeshouldlearntoprotectourprivacyintheBigDataAge.35.Whatweshoulddoistomakethebestuseofit.A.TogetheriscalledBigData.B.Itcanalsogiveadviceonwhattheymayliketobuy.C.Thoughtherearebadsides,BigDataishelpfulinpeople'slivesinsomeways.D.Ifanaccidenthappens,thesystemwillchangethelightsneartheretocontrolthetraffic.E.Forexample,afteryoumarkasongasafavoriteonamusicapp,itrecommendssongsofthesamekindtoyou.四、第三部分,写,第一节:单词拼写。根据首字母、汉语意思、音标写出单词。(每小题1分,共计5分。)36.Allthepmustn'tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.37.Weshouldlowerourvinthelibrary.38.Theboyplayedcarefullyandsucceededinthegamef.39.MygrandpacangetgreatsfromsingingBeijingOpera.40.Mybikeneedsrbecauseithasabrokenwheel.五、第三部分,写,第二节:语法填空。阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。(每小题1分,共计10分。)法填空。阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。Sometimes,anordinary(平常的)happeningcan41.(lead)toextraordinary(特别的)results.Inthe17thcentury,IsaacNewtonspenthislife42.(work)outmanylawsofphysics.Hewantedtofindouthowthingsworked.Forhim,theworldwashislaboratory(实验室)inthoseearlydaysofscience.Foralongtime,hehadbeenworkingonthe"lawsofmotion".Oneluckyday,ashewassittinginhisstudyathismother'scountryhome,helookedoutovertheyard.Theappletreeswere43.(fill)withripe,redapples.Ashesattherethinking,he44.(notice)anapplefallingfromthetree.Applesfallfromtreesallthetime.Theyevenfallandhitpeopleonthehead.ButIsaacNewton'sfallingapplewasnoordinaryapple.AndNewtonwasnoordinaryman.Hesaw45.(much)thananapplefallingfromatree.Ashewatchedtheapplehittheground,heasked46.(he)somesimplequestions:Whydidthatapplefallstraightdown?Whydiditnotfallsideways?Whydiditnotfall47.,towardsthesky,insteadofdown,towardsthe48.(central)oftheearth?Withthesesimplequestions,Newtondiscoveredgravity.Morecorrectly,hediscoveredhowgravityworks.Scientistscouldnowunderstand49.themoonwasheldinorbit(轨道)aroundtheearth.Gravityexplainedwhypeopledidnotfalloffthefaceoftheearth.ImagineifNewtonhadwatchedthatapplefalling,andthought50.(something)morethan,"Ohyes,justanotherapplefallingfromatree!"六、第三部分,写,第三节:信息摘录。(每小题1分,共计5分。)信息摘录。Doyouoftenuseaphone?Doyoutakethesubwaytoschooleveryday?Thesethingsmakeourmodern(现代的)lifeeasier.Butdoyouknowhowweshouldbehave(表现)properlywhileusingthem?Thefollowingsuggestionsmightbehelpful.Forphoneusers◆Keepyourvoicedownwhenyoumakeaphonecallinpublic(公众场合).Shoutingonthephonemaymakeothersfeeluncomfortable.◆Stopsendingmessagesorplayinggameswithyourphoneatadinneroraparty.It'sagoodtimetocommunicatewithyourfamilyandfriends.◆Don'tmakeoransweracallwhiledriving.Itisnotonlyverydangerousforbothyouandyourpassengersbutalsoagainstthelaw(违反法律).Forsubwaypassengers◆Youshouldwaitinlinewhilebuyingticketsandgettingonthesubway.◆You'renotallowedtoeat,drinkorsmokeonthesubwaytrain.Thesmellandnoisemaytroubleothers.It'sourdutytokeepthetraincleanandtidy.◆Youcan'ttakepetsonthetrain.Asweallknow,animalsmayspreaddiseases(传播疾病)andgetthetraindirty.◆You'dbetternotlieacrossthesubwayseatsevenifthetrainisn'tcrowded.Offeringyourseattosomeonewhoneedsitisseenasgoodmanners(礼貌).SomeMannersinModernLifeItemsDo'sDon'tsPhoneusersLoweryour51.inpublic.·Sendingmessagesorplayinggameswithyourphoneisn'tallowedatadinneroraparty.·Makingor52.whiledrivingisagainstthelaw.Subwaypassengers·53.whilebuyingticketsandgettingonthesubway.·Keepthetraincleanandtidy.·Offeryourseattosomeonewhoneedsit.·Youmustn'teat,drinkorsmokeonthesubwaytrain.Youmaytroubleothersbecauseofthe54..·No55.onthetrain.·Neverlieacrossthesubwayseats.七、第四节:书面表达。(20分)56.今年"中国旅游日(ChinaTourismDay)"的活动主题是:锦绣山河,美好旅程。请你作为一名"导游",介绍一下你曾经去过的一个景点、一个博物馆或者一个城市。请根据以下要点和要求用英语写一篇短文。要点:1.Wherehaveyoueverbeen?2.Whatisitfamousfor?3.Whatdoyouthinkofthepeopleandthefood?要求:1.文章必须包括以上要点,可以适当发挥;2.语言表达准确,短文连贯通顺,书写规范认真;3.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称;4.词数不少于80词。
答案解析部分【答案】1.B;2.A;3.A;4.D;5.A【解析】【分析】主要讲述了阿拉巴马州遭遇暴雨期间本一家的经历。
【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。1.句意:外面刮着大风。A.blow吹,动词原形;B.blew吹过去式;C.blowing吹,现在分词/动名词;D.blown吹,过去分词。时态是一般过去时,所以用过去式blew,故选B。2.句意:本的爸爸正在往窗户上钉木板,而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机都能正常工作。A.makingsure确保,确认;B.findingout查明,弄清楚;C.puttingoff推迟,拖延;D.cuttingdown砍倒,削减。根据theflashlightsandradiowereworking(确保手电筒和收音机都能正常工作),结合选项可知讲的是本的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机都能正常工作,故选A。3.句意:当雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户时,本正在帮妈妈做晚饭。A.against碰,撞,倚着;B.toward朝向;C.over在……上方;D.across穿过。beatagainst...撞击,固定搭配,故选A。4.句意:凌晨3点左右,风渐渐小了,他终于睡着了。A.dyingof死;B.dyingfrom死于;C.dyingout灭绝,消失;D.dyingdown逐渐减弱,平息。根据Hefinallyfellasleep(他终于睡着了),结合选项可知讲的是风力减弱了,所以本睡着了,故选D。5.句意:当他醒来时,太阳正在升起。A.rising升起;B.raising举起,提高;C.dropping下降;D.keeping保持。sun太阳,结合选项可知讲的是太阳的升起,sunrise太阳升起,故选A。【答案】6.A;7.C;8.B;9.D;10.C;11.D;12.A;13.B;14.A;15.D【解析】【分析】主要讲了一位印度母亲在龙卷风中舍身保护孩子,虽失去部分双腿但成功救下孩子性命,最终在邻居帮助下获救,展现了母爱的伟大与生命的顽强。
【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。6.句意:36岁的母亲斯蒂芬妮·德克尔在接受采访时表示,当一场大风暴临近时,她提前去学校接了两个孩子。A采访;B向导;C戏剧;D演讲。根据下文Stephanie'shusbandJoetoldthereporter.(斯蒂芬妮的丈夫乔告诉记者)可知告诉记者,应该是在一次采访中,故答案是A。7.句意:当风暴来袭时,他们正在家里的地下室里。A落下;B冲;C撞击;D吹。根据Theywereinthefamily'sundergroundroom(他们在家里的地下室里),可知暴风雨来袭时,他们在家里的地下室里,故答案是C。8.句意:"玻璃一碎,整个房子就开始晃动。"A拍;B移动;C打败;D推。根据Assoonastheglassbroke(玻璃一碎),可知thewholehousestarted整个房子在移动,故答案是B。9.句意:德克尔迅速做出决定,用毯子把孩子们裹起来,然后扑在他们身上。A穿衣服;B给;C放;D捆绑。根据inablanketandthrowingherselfontopofthem结合选项可知应该是把它们绑在毯子里,然后自己趴在上面,故答案是D。10.句意:"所有东西都开始砸到我的背上,"她说。A脸;B头;C后背;D脖子。根据前文throwingherselfontopofthem可知把它们绑在毯子里,然后自己趴在上面,可知所有的东西都开始撞到我的背上,故答案是C。11.句意:幸运的是,她的孩子们在风暴中安然无恙。A突然;B大部分;C确切地;D幸运的是。根据下句herchildrenweresafefromthestormcompletelyunharmed.(她的孩子们完全没有受到风暴的伤害),可知她的孩子们在风暴中安然无恙.应该是幸运的是,故答案是D。12.句意:"当我低头看我的腿时,我意识到发生了什么。"A意识到;B相信;C记得;D想知道。根据后句Iwasafraidthatsomethingmoreterriblewouldhappen(我担心会发生更可怕的事情),可知作者应该意识到发生了什么,故答案是A。13.句意:我害怕会发生更可怕的事情,所以我拿起手机给丈夫录了一段视频。A和,表示并列;B所以,表示结果;C但是,表示转折;D因为,表示原因。根据Iwasafraidthatsomethingmoreterriblewouldhappen我担心会发生更可怕的事情,Itookmyphoneandmadeavideotomyhusband我拿着手机给我丈夫录了一段视频,表因果关系,故答案是B。14.句意:她的祈祷得到了邻居的回应。A回答;B允许;C错过;D期待。根据后句Heranforhelpandfoundanofficertravellinginacar(他跑过去寻求帮助,发现一名警察坐在一辆车里),可知应该是她的祈祷得到了邻居的回应,故答案是A。15.句意:"我让她知道,没有什么比这更重要了。她会一直陪着孩子们,看着他们长大。"A严肃的;B困难的;C不可能的;D重要的。根据后面She'sgoingtobehereforourkids,andshegetstoseethemgrowup.9她会在这里陪伴我们的孩子,看着他们长大),可知别的什么都不是重要的,故答案是D。【答案】16.D17.C18.B19.D20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界最大的木制宫殿——紫禁城的历史和建造过程。
【点评】考查阅读选择,首先通读全文,理解文章大意,其次分析问题,抓住问题关键词,在文中寻找相关信息,确定答案,最后再检查一遍,确保答案正确。16.数字计算题。根据第三段"In1406,whentheMingYongleEmperordecidedtomovethecountry'scapitalfromNanjingtoBeijing,hestartedtobuildapalaceinBeijing.Ittookaboutamillionworkers14yearstofinishit."可知,这座宫殿于1406年开始建造,花了14年才建成,由此可知,这座宫殿是1406+14=1420年完工的。故选D。17.词义猜测题。根据第四段"MaterialslikeNanmuandstonesweresentfromalloverChinatoBeijing."可知,楠木和石头属于建筑材料。由此猜测,划线的Materials是"材料"的意思。故选C。18.细节理解题。根据第四段"Itwassoheavythatpeoplecouldonlymoveitduringwinter.Theypouredwaterontotheroadtocreateice.Thenthousandsofworkerspulledthestoneontheicetothepalace."可知,工人们在冬天搬运石头到北京,是因为结冰的道路能够帮助他们搬运石头。故选B。19.推理判断题。根据第四段"MaterialslikeNanmuandstonesweresentfromalloverChinatoBeijing.Nanmu,themostvaluableChinesewood,wasusedtomakehugewoodenpillars(柱子).Peoplecouldonlyfinditdeepinforestsover1,800kmawayfromBeijing.WorkershadtofloatthewoodonriversallthewaynorthtoBeijing.Stoneswerealsotransportedtothepalace.TheheavieststoneintheForbiddenCityisabout250tons.Itwassoheavythatpeoplecouldonlymoveitduringwinter.Theypouredwaterontotheroadtocreateice.Thenthousandsofworkerspulledthestoneontheicetothepalace."可知,楠木和石头等材料从中国各地运往北京,楠木是中国最珍贵的木材,被用来制作巨大的木柱,人们只能在距离北京1800多公里的森林深处找到它们,工人们不得不将木材在河上一路向北漂到北京。石头也被运送到宫殿,紫禁城最重的石头约有250吨重,它太重了,人们只能在冬天搬运它,他们把水倒在路上造冰。然后,成千上万的工人把冰面上的石头拉到宫殿。由此推知,在那个时候建造这座宫殿很困难。故选D。20.文章出处题。根据第五段"AsoneofChina'slargestpalaces,theForbiddenCityisamust-seeforallvisitors."可知,作为中国最大的宫殿之一,紫禁城是所有游客必去的地方。由此推知,这篇文章应该出自旅游杂志。故选A。【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了让孩子做家务的益处,包括培养生活技能、学会尊重他人以及提高时间管理能力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题,词义猜测题,文章大意题和篇章结构题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时,从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时,要根据题干中的关键词,找准相关句、段的内容,再仔细对照,不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除,反之,则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有:利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文,所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子,利用它们猜词义较容易利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时,要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼,通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析,将每段的主题综合起来,找出文章的中心。做文章结构题时,首先,快速浏览文章标题、开头和结尾,以及段落间的过渡句,以判断文章的体裁(如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等)。每种体裁都有其独特的结构和语言特点。例如,议论文通常包含引言、论点、论据和结论;说明文则侧重于解释和说明某一事物或现象。了解不同体裁文章的常见结构,如"问题-解决"、"原因-结果"、"比较-对比"等。识别文章中各段落的作用,如引言段引出话题,主体段展开论述,结论段总结观点。抓住主题句,段落中的首句或末句往往是该段的主题句,概括了段落的主要内容。提炼信息,若无明显主题句,则需通过提炼段落中的关键词、短语来概括大意。把握文章脉络,通过识别连接词,可以更好地理解文章的逻辑结构和作者的写作思路。整体把握,文章结构题往往要求考生从整体上把握文章,因此要注意段落间、句子间的联系。21.细节理解题。根据第一段"Someparentsthinkchildrenshouldplayalotintheirchildhood.However,someparentsthinkchildrenshouldlearnmoreusefulthings."可知,作者通过对比不同家长的观点引入话题。故选B。22.细节理解题。根据第二段"Choresarethingsweneedtodoeverydaylikewashingthedishesandsweepingthefloor."可知,家务是每天需要做的事情。故选C。23.词义猜测题。根据最后一段"Therearealotofthingstodoeveryday,andit'shardtofitthemallin."以及后文提到的"howtoorganizetheirtimewell"可知,这句话的意思是孩子需要合理安排任务并规划时间。故选B。24.文章结构题。通读全文可知,第一段引入话题,第二、三、四段分别阐述三个益处,可知结构是①-②③④。故选A。25.文章大意题。通读全文可知,作者主要向家长展示孩子做家务的益处。故选D。【答案】26.B27.B28.B29.C30.C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中国医疗应急系统中无人机技术的快速应用,通过天津、浙江、四川等地的实践案例,展示了无人机在紧急血液运输、药品配送和跨区域医疗资源调配中的高效性与创新性。
【点评】考查阅读理解,在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真辨析选项,仔细推敲,确定最佳答案。26.细节理解题。根据efficientpoint-to-pointdeliveryavoidsdelayscausedbyroadtraffic,savingprecioustimeforemergencytreatment可知高效的点对点配送避免了道路交通延误,为紧急治疗节省宝贵时间,故选B。27.细节理解题。根据thedroneisequippedwithatemperature-controlledmedicalboxthatallowsfortemperature,locationandflightstatusmonitoringinrealtime可知无人机配备温控医疗箱,可实时监控温度、位置和飞行状态,这是保障血液安全的关键。故选B。28.细节理解题。根据天津(NorthChina'sTianjinMunicipality);浙江、广东、福建(ChineseprovinceslikeZhejiang,GuangdongandFujian);四川自贡(Zigong,insouthwestChina'sSichuanProvince)。选项中Tianjin,Zhejiang,andSichuan符合原文。故选B。29.细节理解题。根据theyoperate70percentto80percentfasterthangroundtransport可知无人机比地面运输快70%-80%,故选C。30.细节理解题。根据thelow-altitudetransportsystembreaksgeographicalbarriers,enhancesemergencyresponse,andsignificantlyimprovesmedicalresourceefficiency可知低空运输系统打破地理障碍,增强应急响应,显著提高医疗资源效率,故选C。【答案】31.E;32.A;33.D;34.B;35.C【解析】【分析】主要讲了大数据在生活中的应用与影响。
A.TogetheriscalledBigData.一起被称为大数据。
B.Itcanalsogiveadviceonwhattheymayliketobuy.它还可以就他们可能想买什么提供建议。
C.Thoughtherearebadsides,BigDataishelpfulinpeople'slivesinsomeways.尽管大数据也有不好的一面,但它在某些方面对人们的生活有帮助。
D.Ifanaccidenthappens,thesystemwillchangethelightsneartheretocontrolthetraffic.如果发生事故,系统会改变附近的灯来控制交通。
E.Forexample,afteryoumarkasongasafavoriteonamusicapp,itrecommendssongsofthesamekindtoyou.例如,当你在音乐应用程序上将一首歌标记为收藏夹后,它会向你推荐同类歌曲。
【点评】考查阅读还原,首先理解选项意思,然后根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确答案,最后通读全文确定答案。31.根据前句Sometimeswegetsome"surprises"onourphone.(有时我们的手机上会出现一些"惊喜")和后句Infact,thismagic,mind-readingrecommendation(推荐)dependsondata(数据).(事实上,这种神奇的读心术推荐取决于数据),可知空格前提到手机上的"惊喜"(如个性化推荐),空格后解释这是基于数据的"读心术"推荐。E项Forexample,afteryoumarkasongasafavoriteonamusicapp,itrecommendssongsofthesamekindtoyou.(例如,当你在音乐应用程序上将一首歌标记为收藏夹后,它会向你推荐同类歌曲),以音乐APP为例:"你在音乐APP上标记一首歌为最爱后,它会推荐同类歌曲",完美衔接上下文,说明推荐系统的具体表现。故选E。32.根据前句Dataisnolongeronlyaboutnumbers,butinformationaboutalmosteverypartoflife:wherewego,whatwedoandwhatwelikeanddislike.(数据不再只是关于数字,而是关于生活几乎每一部分的信息:我们去哪里,我们做什么,我们喜欢和不喜欢什么),kz空格前定义数据为涵盖生活各方面的信息,空格后需总结这些数据的集合名称。A项TogetheriscalledBigData.可知这些统称为大数据"直接点题,引出下文对"大数据"(BigData)的讨论。故选A。33.根据前句Thesmarttrafficsystem(交通系统)inLosAngelesisagoodexample.Itcollectsreal-timetrafficdataandcontrols4,500trafficlightsinthesystem.(洛杉矶的智能交通系统就是一个很好的例子。它收集实时交通数据,并控制系统中的4500个交通信号灯),空格前提到洛杉矶智能交通系统通过收集数据控制交通灯,空格后需说明其具体作用。D项Ifanaccidenthappens,thesystemwillchangethelightsneartheretocontrolthetraffic.(如果发生事故,系统会改变附近的灯来控制交通),紧扣实时数据和交通控制,体现大数据的实用性。故选D。34.根据前句AsupermarketnamedTescowillrecommendproducts(产品)totheircustomers(顾客)onitswebsiteafterknowingtheirshoppinghabits.Itsapponamobilephoneevenguidescustomersaroundsupermarketstofindwhattheywant.(一家名为乐购的超市在了解顾客的购物习惯后,会在其网站上向顾客推荐产品。它在手机上的应用程序甚至可以引导超市周围的顾客找到他们想要的东西),可知空格前提到乐购超市通过分析购物习惯推荐产品,并引导顾客找到商品,空格后需补充推荐系统的其他功能。B项Itcanalsogiveadviceonwhattheymayliketobuy.它还可以就他们可能想买什么提供建议,进一步说明大数据在零售中的应用,与前文"推荐产品"逻辑一致。故选B。35.根据前句However,BigDatacausesseriousproblemsabouthowweprotectourprivacy(隐私).WeshouldlearntoprotectourprivacyintheBigDataAge.5Whatweshoulddoistomakethebestuseofit.9然而,大数据给我们如何保护隐私带来了严重的问题。我们应该学会在大数据时代保护我们的隐私。我们应该做的是充分利用它),可知空格前提到大数据的隐私问题,空格后强调"应充分利用大数据",需一句过渡句平衡利弊。C项Thoughtherearebadsides,BigDataishelpfulinpeople'slivesinsomeways.(尽管大数据也有不好的一面,但它在某些方面对人们的生活有帮助),可知尽管有弊端,但大数据在某些方面对生活有帮助"承上启下,既承认问题,又引出下文的积极态度。故选C。36.【答案】(p)assengers【解析】【分析】句意:公共汽车停下来之前,所有乘客都不能下车。根据mustn'tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.公共汽车停下来之前不能下车,结合提示字母p,可知指"乘客"passenger,再根据形容词all"所有",可知应用复数形式passengers。故答案为:passengers。
【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意熟记可数名词passenger"乘客",复数形式passengers。37.【答案】(v)oice【解析】【分析】句意:我们应该在图书馆里小声点。根据inthelibrary.在图书馆,结合提示字母v,可知指降低"声音/嗓音"voice,作宾语。故答案为:(v)oice。
【点评】考查不可数名词。注意熟记不可数名词voice"声音/嗓音"。38.【答案】(f)inally【解析】【分析】句意:这个男孩认真比赛,最后在游戏中成功了。分析句子结构可知,此处需要副词修饰动词"succeeded"(成功),结合"认真比赛后最终成功"的逻辑可知,对应的单词是"finally"(最后)。"finally"作为副词,体现动作的先后顺序,故填(f)inally。
【点评】考查时间副词。根据题目中的首字母和句子结构,判断需要填入的词性。39.【答案】(s)atisfaction【解析】【分析】句意:我爷爷从唱京剧中能获得极大的满足感。根据句意可知,此处指"从唱京剧中获得的积极感受",结合首字母提示可知,此处指"满足感",对应的单词是satisfaction。"satisfaction"是不可数名词,使用时用原形,故填(s)atisfaction。
【点评】考查不可数名词。根据题目中的首字母和句子结构,判断需要填入的词性为名词。40.【答案】(r)epairing【解析】【分析】句意:我的自行车需要修理,因为轮子坏了。根据"ithasabrokenwheel.(轮子坏了)"可知,自行车需要"修理",结合首字母r可知,对应的单词是repair。"needdoing"是固定用法,意为"需要被……",表被动,因此此处用"repair"的动名词形式"repairing",故填(r)epairing。
【点评】考查动名词形式。注意动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词形式(如不定式、动名词、分词)等。【答案】41.lead;42.working;43.filled;44.noticed;45.more;46.himself;47.up;48.center/centre;49.why;50.nothing【解析】【分析】本文通过牛顿发现万有引力的故事,阐述平凡事件中蕴含的科学突破可能性,强调好奇心与质疑精神对科学探索的推动作用。
【点评】考查语法填空,首先读懂文章大意,然后理解单词词义及词性,最后结合语法确定单词正确形式。41.句意:有时,一件平常的小事能引发非凡的结果。lead导致,实义动词,情态动词can后面用动词原形,故填lead。42.句意:17世纪,艾萨克·牛顿致力于研究许多物理定律。work工作,实义动词。spendtimedoingsth.花时间做某事,固定搭配,所以用working,故填working。43.句意:苹果树挂满了成熟的红苹果。fill充满,实义动词。befilledwith...充满,固定搭配,故填filled。44.句意:当他坐在那里思考时,他注意到一个苹果从树上掉下来。notice注意到,实义动词。sat表明时态是一般过去时,所以用过去式noticed,故填noticed。45.句意:他看到的不止是一个苹果从树上掉下来。much许多,修饰不可数名词。than是比较级标志词,
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