2026年北京市西城区九年级统一测试试题英语 含答案

/北京市西城区九年级统一测试试卷英语2026.4考生须知1.本试卷共11页，共两部分，共38题。满分60分。考试时间90分钟。2.在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。第一部分本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mrs.Zhangisverykindandhelpful.Weoftenask________foradvice.A.her B.she C.him D.he【正确答案】A【详解】句意：张太太非常善良且乐于助人。我们经常向她寻求建议。her她（宾格）；she她（主格）；him他（宾格）；he他（主格）。根据“Mrs.Zhang”可知指代女性，排除C、D；空处在动词ask后作宾语，需用宾格形式，排除B。2.Thegraduationcelebrationwillbe________themorningofJuly10th,2026.A.at B.in C.on D.for【正确答案】C【详解】句意：毕业典礼将于2026年7月10日上午举行。at用于具体时刻前；in用于年、月、泛指的上午/下午/晚上前；on用于具体某一天或其上午、下午、晚上前；for后接时间段。“themorningofJuly10th,2026”是具体某一天的上午，应填on。3.—MustIfinishthewholeonlinecourseintwoweeks?—No,you________.Onlythefirstthreeunitsarerequired.A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.needn’t【正确答案】D【详解】句意：——我必须在两周内完成整个在线课程吗？——不，你不必。只要求前三个单元。mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；needn’t不必。以Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答表示“不必”，应用needn’t或don’thaveto，而mustn’t意为“禁止”。根据“No”及“Onlythefirstthreeunitsarerequired.”可知，此处表示没有必要。4.Tomlovestennis________thananyothersport.A.most B.more C.much D.themore【正确答案】B【详解】句意：汤姆比喜欢其他任何运动都更喜欢网球。most最；more更；much很多；themore更。根据句中的比较级标志词than，此处需要使用much的比较级more，且比较级前不加定冠词the。应填more。5.—________shouldIwatertheplants?—Everyfourorfivedays.Toomuchwaterisnotgoodforthem.A.Howmany B.Howsoon C.Howlong D.Howoften【正确答案】D【详解】句意：——我应该多久给植物浇一次水？——每隔四五天。太多的水对它们不好。Howmany提问数量；Howsoon提问“多久以后”；Howlong提问时长。Howoften用于提问频率。根据答语“Everyfourorfivedays”可知，此处询问的是动作发生的频率。应填Howoften。6.Wehavetoleavefortheairportrightnow,________wewillmisstheflight.A.or B.but C.so D.and【正确答案】A【详解】句意：我们必须现在出发去机场，否则我们将错过航班。or或者，否则；but但是；so所以；and和。根据“Wehavetoleavefortheairportrightnow”与“wewillmisstheflight”可知，此处表示如果不现在出发就会错过航班，表示“否则”的逻辑关系，应用or。7.Wewillhavemorefamilyoutingswhentheweather________warmer.A.got B.willget C.gets D.wasgetting【正确答案】C【详解】句意：当天气变得更暖和时，我们将会有更多的家庭郊游。主句“Wewillhave…”是一般将来时，when引导的时间状语从句需用一般现在时表将来，主语“theweather”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用gets。8.—Look!StudentsfromtheGreenlifeClub________upnewrecyclingbins.—Let’sgoandhelp!A.set B.aresetting C.willset D.haveset【正确答案】B【详解】句意：——看！绿色生活俱乐部的学生们正在搭建新的回收箱。——我们去帮忙吧！set动词原形；aresetting现在进行时；willset一般将来时；haveset现在完成时。根据句首提示词“Look!”可知，动作此刻正在发生，应用现在进行时，结构为“be+现在分词”，故选aresetting。9.Inthepastfewyears,moreandmorepeople________theimportanceoflifelonglearning.A.realize B.wererealizing C.haverealized D.willrealize【正确答案】C【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，越来越多的人已经意识到终身学习的重要性。根据时间状语“Inthepastfewyears”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。应填haverealized。10.—Isawyouinthelibraryyesterday,andyouwereveryfocused.—Yes.I________formybookreviewthewholeafternoon.A.ampreparing B.waspreparing C.haveprepared D.willprepare【正确答案】B【详解】句意：——昨天我在图书馆看到你了，你非常专注。——是的。我整个下午都在准备我的书评。ampreparing正在准备（现在进行时）；waspreparing正在准备（过去进行时）；haveprepared已经准备（现在完成时）；willprepare将准备（一般将来时）。根据句中“yesterday”和“thewholeafternoon”可知，表示“过去某一时间段一直在做某事”，应用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词用was，应填waspreparing。11.Anewteachingapp________indifferentclassroomsinthefollowingtwomonths.A.willtest B.tested C.wastested D.willbetested【正确答案】D【详解】句意：一个新的教学应用程序将在接下来的两个月里在不同的教室被测试。根据时间状语“inthefollowingtwomonths”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；主语“Anewteachingapp”与动词“test”之间是被动关系，所以使用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为willbe+过去分词。应填willbetested。12.—Doyouremember________lastterm?—Intheschoolgarden.A.wherethelanguagecornerwasheld B.wherewasthelanguagecornerheldC.wherethelanguagecornerisheld D.whereisthelanguagecornerheld【正确答案】A【详解】句意：——你记得上学期语言角是在哪里举行的吗？——在学校花园里。宾语从句需用陈述语序，即引导词+主语+谓语；根据时间状语lastterm可知从句应用一般过去时，故选A。二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Lilybelievedrealbeautywasonlyfoundinbrightthings:goldensunsets,warmsmiles…Armedwithherdigitalcamera,shechased(追求)only____13____.WhenherfamilymovedtotheRiversideneighborhood,shesawonlyoldhousesandtoomanyshadows.Shethoughtitcompletelyboring.Herphotographyprojectfortheschool’s“MyCommunity”competitionfeltlikeacertain____14____.Onegrayafternoon,filledwithasenseofdutyratherthaninspiration,shewentonawalkwithhercamera.Asthesettingsunhittheneighborhood,longshadowsstretched(延伸)acrossthestorefrontoftheflowershop.Outofboredom,sheraisedhercameraandtookapicture.Thepicture,whichlookedlikeadrawing,____15____her.Theshadowofawomanplantingflowersinwindowboxeswasfullofaquietstory.Anideacametohermind.Whatifshestopped____16____theshadowsandinsteadlookedatthem?Shegaveupheroldprojectandbegananewone:“TheShadowProject.”Thisprojectrequireda____17____kindofsight.Shephotographedajoyfulgirl’sshadowasshejumpedrope.Shefoundunexpectedbeautyintheshadowofanappletree,andloveintheshadowofamotherandchildholdinghands...Torecordtheseshadows,sheinteractedwiththosewhomadethem.ShemetMrs.Garcia,thewomanwiththewindowboxes,whowasaviolinteacherandplayedabeautifulsongforher.LilybegantorealizethatRiversidewasn’t____18____;itwasfullofstories.Forthecompetition,shepresentedartisticphotographsofshadows.Besideeach,sheplacedasmallcardwithahandwrittenparagraphabouttheperson,place,ormomentthathadmadeit.Theenergeticlifewasimplied(蕴含),notshown,makingtheshadowsfeelfullofpresenceand____19____.Herprojectwonfirstprize.Attheexhibition,anelderlywomanstoodforalongtimebeforeaphotoofalong,lonelyshadowmadebyanemptyparkbench.“That’soldMr.Brown’sbench,”shesaidsoftly.“Hesatthereeverydayfortwentyyears.Yourphoto...itfeelslikehe’sstillthere.You____20____him.”Atthatmoment,Lilyunderstood.Shehadn’tbeenphotographingthelack(缺失)oflight.Shehadbeenphotographingthememoryoflightandtheshapeofstories.Shelearnedthetruestbeautyisnotonlyinthelight,butalsointheshadowswherehistoryandheartquietlylive.13.A.honor B.stories C.light D.colors14.A.discovery B.cheat C.chance D.failure15.A.surprised B.challenged C.pushed D.disappointed16.A.imagining B.avoiding C.shooting D.noticing17.A.different B.traditional C.simple D.usual18.A.boring B.familiar C.lively D.perfect19.A.dream B.pride C.brightness D.memory20.A.missed B.saw C.understood D.recognized【正确答案】13.C14.D15.A16.B17.A18.A19.D20.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lily最初只追求明亮事物中的美，在社区摄影比赛中发现阴影里蕴含的故事与记忆，最终领悟到真正的美不仅在光明中，也在阴影里的故事。【13题详解】句意：Lily认为真正的美只存在于明亮的事物中：金色日落、温暖的微笑……她拿着数码相机，只追求光明。文章开头点明“realbeautywasonlyfoundinbrightthings”，说明Lily只追求光明，“light”与“brightthings”直接对应，符合语境。【14题详解】句意：她为学校“我的社区”比赛准备的摄影项目，感觉像是某种失败。Lily觉得新社区“completelyboring”，对项目毫无灵感，只带着责任感而非创作热情，因此认为这个项目注定会失败，“failure”符合她消极的预期，匹配语境。【15题详解】句意：这张看起来像画的照片让她惊讶。Lily原本只关注光明，却在这张阴影照片里看到了“fullofquietstory”，这与她之前的认知完全不同，让她感到意外，“surprised”符合语境。【16题详解】句意：如果她停止避开阴影，转而认真观察它们会怎样？Lily之前觉得社区的阴影无聊又阴暗，一直刻意避开，现在决定转变态度，主动去观察阴影，“avoiding”符合她之前的行为，匹配语境。【17题详解】句意：这个项目需要一种不同的视角。Lily之前只追求光明中的美，现在要从阴影里发现美，这是一种全新的观察角度，“different”符合项目的核心要求，匹配语境。【18题详解】句意：Lily开始意识到Riverside社区并不枯燥；它充满了故事Lily最初觉得社区“completelyboring”，但通过拍摄阴影、和居民交流，她发现了社区里的故事与温情，改变了之前的看法，“boring”与她最初的评价呼应，符合语境。【19题详解】句意：充满活力的生活是蕴含其中而非直接展示的，让这些阴影充满了存在感和记忆。后文提到Lily拍摄的是“thememoryoflightandtheshapeofstories”，老人也说照片让人感觉逝者仍在，说明阴影里承载着记忆，“memory”符合语境。【20题详解】句意：你看到了他。老人认为Lily的照片捕捉到了Mr.Brown的存在，仿佛让他“复活”了，就像亲眼看到了他一样，“saw”符合语境。三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）（一）A下面是四位教师开设的英语选修课简介。请根据三位学生的喜好及需求，匹配最适合他们的课程，并将其所对应的选项（ABCD）填在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。____21____HarryI’dliketomakevideosaboutmydailylifeandlearnhowtodescribeitinEnglish.It’llbeafunwaytolearnEnglishwords.____22____AliceIthinkmyEnglishreadingisgood,butmywritingneedswork.Ihopetolearnsomewaystohelpwithmywriting.____23____TonyAllthecoursesareveryuseful,butIhavefootballtrainingduringtheweek.IcanonlytakeacourseonWednesdays,theonlyweekdaywhentheclubdoesn’tpractice.【正确答案】21.C22.A23.B【导语】本文介绍了三位学生的选课需求，并为他们匹配了合适的英语选修课。【21题详解】Harry想制作关于日常生活的视频，并学习用英语描述它，这是一种有趣的学习英语单词的方式。C选项《EnglishinYourEverydayLife》课程会制作关于日常生活的视频，并学习描述这些时刻所需的词汇，符合他的需求。【22题详解】Alice认为自己的英语阅读不错，但写作需要提升，希望学习一些帮助写作的方法。A选项《TheMagicofWriting》课程会通过阅读故事和其他材料教授如何提升写作，符合她的需求。【23题详解】Tony觉得所有课程都很有用，但每周有足球训练，只能在周三上课，这是俱乐部唯一不训练的工作日。B选项《Shorthand》课程时间为周三第7节，符合他的时间要求。（二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。BTheDreamBuilderFinn’syoungerbrother,Leo,hadaseriousimmunedeficiency(免疫缺陷)disease,makingtheoutsideworldadangerousplace.FinnsawthelonginginLeo’seyeswhenhetalkedabouthisownhikesorbikerides.Finnwasamemberofhisschool’stechclub.He’dbuiltrobots.Onenight,watchingLeogetlostinamap,Finnhadanidea:IfLeocouldn’tgototheworld,hewouldbringtheworldtoLeo.Hecalledthisidea“TheDreamwalker.”Itwasaboutcreatingapersonalized,sensoryexperience.Finnimprovedanoldvirtualreality(VR)headset,butthekeywasapairofspecialglovesheengineeredhimself.Theycouldsimulate(模拟)thefeelingoftouchingdifferentthings.Thencamethehardpart:buildingthe“worlds”.Foraweek,Finntooka360-degreecameraonhishike.Hedidn’tjustfilm;herecordedthesoundoftheriver,thewind,andthebirds.Hereachedoutandtouchedhardstones,softgrass,andcoldwater,notingtheexactsensation.Backinthelab,hesynchronized(同步)thevideostotheheadset.Heprogrammedthegloves:WhenLeo“touched”theriver,somewaterproducedbyanimprovedcomputercoolingfanwouldhithisface,andthespecialgloveswouldhelphimfeelthemovementofthewater.Thencamethefirsttest.Leoputontheheadsetandgloves,andstartedtheprogram.Hewassilentforaminute.Then,“Ican...feeltheriver!”hesaid.Hissmilewidenedbehindtheheadset.Fortwentyminutes,Leoexplored,reachingout,laughingaswaterhithisfacebythe“river”.FinnfilmedLeo’sreaction,ajoyhehadn’tseeninyears.Herealizedthatthehighestpurposeoftechnologyandskillisn’ttowincompetitionsorcreatenewinventions.It’stobeabridge.It’stouseyourknowledgeasatoolforunderstandingandtogivesomeoneyoulovetheirreplaceablegiftofanexperience.Helearnedthatthegreatestengineeringisthekindthatconnectsonehumanhearttoanother.24.WhywastheoutsideworldadangerousplaceforLeo?A.Becausehewastooyoung. B.Becausehehadpooreyesight.C.Becausehegotlosteasilyoutside. D.Becausehehadaseriousdisease.25.WhatdidFinndoforLeo?A.Hecreatedasetofsensorytools. B.Hepersonalizedaspecialrobot.C.Herecordedallofhisbikerides. D.HeboughtaVRheadsetwithnatureprograms.26.WhatdidFinnlearnfromthisexperience?A.Humanconnectionsarebasedonthedevelopmentoftechnology.B.Technologyfindsitstruevalueinenrichingthelifeoflovedones.C.Diseasescannotholdbackthedreamsofthosewhonevergiveup.D.Engineeringcanhelppeoplewinawardsandprizesincompetitions.【正确答案】24.D25.A26.B【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述Finn为患有严重免疫缺陷疾病、无法外出的弟弟Leo，利用VR技术和自制传感手套打造“造梦行者”系统，让Leo体验户外世界的故事，最终Finn领悟到技术的最高价值是连接人心、丰富所爱之人的生活。【24题详解】文中首句指出“Finn’syoungerbrother,Leo,hadaseriousimmunedeficiencydisease,makingtheoutsideworldadangerousplace”，说明Leo因患有严重疾病，外界对他而言很危险。【25题详解】文中提到Finn改良了VR头显，还自制了特殊手套，打造了名为“TheDreamwalker”的个性化感官体验系统，这属于一套感官工具。【26题详解】最后一段Finn意识到“thehighestpurposeoftechnologyandskillisn’ttowincompetitionsorcreatenewinventions.It’stobeabridge...togivesomeoneyoulovetheirreplaceablegiftofanexperience”，说明技术的真正价值在于丰富所爱之人的生活，与选项B表述一致CFromayoungage,wearetaughtnottolie.Butdopeoplesometimesliewhenitistotheiradvantage?Iftheydolie,howoftendotheydoso?Whatkindofliesdopeopleusuallytell?Thesearethequestionsthatinterestresearchers.Tostudylyingbehaviorwithoutinfluencingthebehaviorofaliar,researchershavedevelopedsomecreativeexperiments.Oneisthedie-under-the-cupexperiment.Eachparticipant(参与者)sitsaloneinaclosedroom.Infrontoftheparticipantisacupwithasmallholeandadie.Eachparticipantisaskedtocoverthediewiththecup,shakethedie,peekthroughthehole,andreportthenumberonthedie.Theyaretoldthatthehigherthenumbertheyreport,themoretheygetpaid,whichmeansiftheyreport2,theywillreceive$2,and6for$6.Inthisexperiment,itisworthwhileforthemtoreportahighnumbertoreceivemoremoney.Theyknowonlytheycanseethetrueresult.Whenpeoplerolladie,thechanceofrollinganynumberfrom1to6isthesame—exactly1/6(about16.67%).So,ifalargenumberofparticipantsrolladieandreportthenumbertheyreallysee,thenabout1/6wouldreport1,1/6wouldreport2,andthelike.However,ifparticipantslieandreporthighernumberstogetmoremoney,thepercentageofparticipantsreporting1or2wouldbelowerthan1/6.Hereiswhattheresearchersfound.Participantsweremorelikelytoreportmorehighnumbers(4,5,6)andfewerlownumbers.However,insteadofalwaysreportingthehighestnumber,participantsusuallyreportedslightly(稍微)highernumbersthanwhattheyrolled.Whydopeoplelieonlyalittle?Somestudiesnoteitisimportantforpeopletothinkofthemselvesashonestpeople,sotheybalancethelongingtobenefitfromtheliewiththelongingtokeepapositiveself-image(自我形象).Also,thelongingtokeepapositivesocialimageisanotherreason.Thefearofbeingseenasaliaroftenreducesthepossibilitytolie.Howisitpossibletousethesefindingstoreducedishonesty?InastudyintheUK,aimedatstoppingpeoplefromstealingbicycles,researchersplacedsignsnearthebicycleparkingareawithaphotographofeyesandthewords“wearewatchingyou.”Afterthat,fewerbicycleswerestoleninthoseareas.Theimageandwordsincreasedpeople’ssocialimageconcerns(担忧).Thatmeansthefindingsareusefulinreducingdishonestytosomedegree.Futureexperimentsshouldtesthowthesefindingsmighthelppeoplebemorehonestindifferentreal-lifesituations.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbestshowtheresultofthedie-under-the-cupexperiment?A. B.C. D.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thechanceofrollingeachnumberonadieshowshowoftenpeoplelie.B.Participantscouldchoosetobehonestbecausetheywanttogetpaidmore.C.Peoplelieonlyalittlebecausetheyvalueapositiveself-imageoverasocialimage.D.TheUKstudyprovesthelongingforapositivesocialimagereducesdishonesty.29.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplainwhypeoplesometimeslietotheiradvantage.B.Toshowthatitiscommonforpeopletohavelyingbehavior.C.Toreviewsomekeyfindingsonthedegreetowhichpeoplelie.D.Tointroducesomeresearchonhowtoreducepeople’sdishonesty.【正确答案】27.B28.D29.C【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了研究人员通过实验探究人们在何种情况下会说谎、说谎的程度，以及如何利用相关发现减少不诚实行为。【27题详解】第4段第2句“Participantsweremorelikelytoreportmorehighnumbers(4,5,6)andfewerlownumbers.However,insteadofalwaysreportingthehighestnumber,participantsusuallyreportedslightlyhighernumbersthanwhattheyrolled.”可知，参与者倾向于报告偏高的数字（4、5、6），低数字（1、2、3）报告率低于理论值，且不会总是报告最高的数字6，因此选项B符合该分布特征的柱状图。【28题详解】第6段第4句“Theimageandwordsincreasedpeople'ssocialimageconcerns.Thatmeansthefindingsareusefulinreducingdishonestytosomedegree.”可知，英国的研究表明，对积极社会形象的担忧减少了不诚实行为。【29题详解】第1段第2句“Butdopeoplesometimesliewhenitistotheiradvantage?Iftheydolie,howoftendotheydoso?Whatkindofliesdopeopleusuallytell?Thesearethequestionsthatinterestresearchers.”可知，文章围绕人们为何会在对自己有利时说谎展开介绍，核心是解释人们有时会为了自身利益说谎的现象及相关研究。DYou’vebeentherebefore:promisingtofinishthatreportbyThursday,tellingyourpartneryou’llbereadyin“justfiveminutes,”orconfidentlyplanningback-to-backmeetingswithzerobuffer(缓冲)time.Thenrealityhits,deadlinesrushby,andyou’releftwonderingwhyyou’resobadatestimating(估计)time.You’renotalone.Mostpeopleoftenunderestimatethetime,costs,andrisksoffutureactionswhileoverestimatingtheirbenefits.Thisisthe“planningfallacy.”Theplanningfallacyismorethanjustpoortimemanagement.Imagineyouareshortontimebuthavetowriteanemail.Youquicklyestimateitwillnottaketoolong,butittakesfarlongerthanyouthought.Whathashappened?Mostlikely,youpicturedyourselfwritingthemessage,reviewingitonce,andhittingsend.Theproblemis,whenyouplan,youfocusonthetaskitselfwhileforgettingthecountlesssmallinterruptions(干扰)anddifficultiesthatunavoidablyappear.Theplanningfallacyalsoexplainswhylargeprojectsalwaysrunoverbudgetandtakemoretimethanplanned.Partofthereasonisthateveryonemakesoptimistic(乐观的)estimates,whichquicklyproducewildlyunrealisticexpectations.Theproblemisoftenmadeworsebythe“sunkcostfallacy.”Werefusetoacceptfailurewhentoomuchefforthasbeenmade,andthrowmoretimeandmoneyattheprojectinstead.Theplanningfallacycanbeverycostly.Misseddeadlineshurtyourreputation(名声).Poorplanningeatsyourtimeawayandthenotherchanceswillpassyouby.Andwheneverytasktakeslongerthanexpected,youkeepplayingcatch-up,creatingunnecessarystressandhealthproblems.Sowhatcanyoudo?Insteadofthinkingaboutthetask,usedata(数据).Thinkbacktowhenyoulastcompletedasimilartask.Howlongdidittake?Thisworksbestifyoukeepsomeactualnotes.Addingbuffersisalsoagoodidea,butoneruletokeepyourealisticistoaddpercentagesinsteadoffixedtimebuffers.Forexample,add25%toyourestimateinsteadof10minutesmore.Breakbigprojectsintosmaller,morepredictablesteps,andestimatethetimeofeachone.Estimatingabigprojectholdslotsofunknowns.Vaguecommitmentshardlywork.Instead,createclear“if-then”plans:IfIhaveameetingat9a.m.onMonday,thenI’lladda25%buffer(leave30minutesearlierthanusual)toaccountfortherushhourtrafficinsteadofjustsaying“I’llgoearlier.”Whenyoulearntomakemorecleartimeestimates,youwillexperiencelessstress,achievehigher-qualitywork,andimproveyourreputation.You’llalsosavetime,makemoreceinyourmindneededforcreativeworkandhavethetimetochaseotherchances.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldprobablyleadto“planningfallacy”?A.Puttingoffataskuntilthelastminute.B.Creatingtimetablesbasedonlyonthebestcases.C.Spendingmoretimethanplannedtocompleteatask.D.Continuingafailingprojectbecausesomuchhasbeenputintoit.31.Whatdothewords“vaguecommitments”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Goalsthataredifficulttoachieve.B.Statementsthathurtone’sreputation.C.Promisesthataregeneralanduncertain.D.Agreementsthataren’tcarefullyconsidered.32.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanwedotoavoidplanningfallacy?A.Stayoptimistictoachievemorehigher-qualityandcreativework.B.Makeclearerplansbybuildingina15-minutebufferforeachtask.C.Breaklargetasksintosmallerpartsanddecidewhichonetocompletefirst.D.Recordhowlongittakestocompleteataskasaguideforthenexttime.33.Whichofthefollowingwouldthewritermostprobablyagreewith?A.Planningfallacykeepsyoufromfallingbehindwhereyoushouldbe.B.Avoidingsunkcostfallacydevelopspeople’sabilitytoestimatetime.C.Avoidingplanningfallacymayimprovepeople’sproductivityandpossibility.D.Planningfallacyprobablyresultsinforgettingtotakeeverytaskintoaccount.【正确答案】30.B31.C32.D33.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“规划谬误”的概念、成因、影响及应对方法。【30题详解】由第一段第四句“Mostpeopleoftenunderestimatethetime,costs,andrisksoffutureactionswhileoverestimatingtheirbenefits.Thisisthe‘planningfallacy’.”可知，规划谬误是指低估未来行动的时间、成本与风险，同时高估回报的心理现象，仅凭理想情况制定计划、低估实际用时，都属于该范畴。【31题详解】由第五段“Instead,createclear‘if-then’plans...insteadofjustsaying‘I’llgoearlier.’”可知，清晰明确的行动方案可以改善问题，反向推断，vaguecommitments指代模糊笼统、缺乏细节的口头承诺。【32题详解】由第五段第五句“Thisworksbestifyoukeepsomeactualnotes.”可知，如实记录每项任务的实际耗时，是规避规划谬误的有效方式。【33题详解】由第六段“Whenyoulearntomakemorecleartimeestimates,youwillexperiencelessstress,achievehigher-qualitywork,andimproveyourreputation.You’llalsosavetime,makemoreceinyourmindneededforcreativeworkandhavethetimetochaseotherchances.”可知，合理预估时间、摆脱规划谬误，能够减轻压力、提升工作质量、节省时间，还能腾出精力、把握更多发展机会。第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达（第1-3题每题2分，第4题4分，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Inanyroom,youcanfeelitbeforeyouseeit—thepersonwhosepresencelightsthingsup.It’snotabouttheirtitlesorreputation.It’senergy,akindofforcethatpullspeoplein,makesthemwanttohelp,stay,andbelieve.That’stherealforcethatmovesthings.Thedifferencebetweenenergyandabilityisthatabilitycanbetaught,whileenergymustbedeveloped.Youcancopysomeone’sskills,butnottheirheart.Youcopytheirmethods,butmissthethingthatmakesthosemethodswork—theirinnerstate.Energyisbuiltthroughintention(意图),character,andthewaywetreatothers.High-energypeopledon’tjustworkhard—theybelieve,theyuplift,theyinspire.That’swhatpeopleremember,andthat’swhattheyfollow.People,events,andenvironmentsarealwaysinteractingandinfluencingoneanother.Youdrawintoyourliveswhatmirrorsyourinnerstate.Ifyou’reopen-hearted,theworldanswersinkind,butifyou’reself-doubting,lifestartstomirrorthatbackatyou.Theenergyyoucarryiswhatyousendout.Andwhatyouattractisnotaccidental.Everythingyouexperienceisrelatedtotheenergyyoucarry.Asyourinneralignment(一致)isimproved,you’llnoticethatcertainpeopleorproblemsquietlyfallaway.Therightoneswillfindyou.Yourouterrealitywillcatchupwithyourinnerstate.Basically,energyiswhereaction,clearness,andcreativitycomefrom.Whenyourenergyisfull,wisdomfollows.Youdon’thavetoforceyourwayforward—lifebeginstoanswerinkind.Sohowdoyouraiseyourpersonalenergy?Notthroughwillpower,butthroughdeepself-tending(自我维护).Energydoesn’tcomefromacrowdedto-dolist—itcomesfromalignment.Whenyouractionsalignwithyourvalues,whenyourrestmatchesyoureffort,whenyourenvironmentfeedsratherthandrains(耗尽)you,that’swhenenergyincreases.Youraiseyourenergynotbychasingmore,butbythrowingoutwhat’sdrainingyou.Areyoualwaysreactingtomessages,ordoyouprotectquiettime?Doyourrelationshipsmakeyoumorecomplete,oremptier?High-energypeoplearecalmandquietlypowerful.Theybuildaninnerlifethat’senergetic,stable(稳定的)andself-respecting.Whenyoubecomeahigh-energyperson,youstopchasingandstartattracting.Thatquietpoweristheforcetheworldremembers.34.Howareabilityandenergydifferent?________________________________35.Whatdopeopledrawintotheirlives?________________________________36.Whatkindofinnerlifedohigh-energypeoplebuild?________________________________37.ReadAmy’swordsandanswerthequestions.Amy:Icarealotaboutmyhealth,butIoftenstayupverylate.Ialwaysthinkmyclassmatesarebetterthanme,soI’mafraidtoexpressmyselfinclass.Inmymind,ifImakemistakes,they’lllaughatme.DoyouthinkAmyisalow-energyorhigh-energyperson?Whatadvicecanyougivehertohelpraiseherlowenergyorkeepherhighenergy?Explainwhythispieceofadviceishelpful.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【正确答案】34.Thedifferencebetweenenergyandabilityisthatabilitycanbetaught,whileenergymustbedeveloped.35.Peopledrawintotheirliveswhatmirrorstheirinnerstate.36.Theybuildaninnerlifethat’senergetic,stableandself-respecting.37.IthinkAmyisalow-energyperson.Iadvisehertostopstayinguplateandprotectherquiettime.Becausethepassagesaysenergycomesfromalignment,andwhenyourrestmatchesyoureffort,yourenergyincreases.Stayinguplatedrainsherenergy,whilequiettimehelpsherimproveinneralignmentandraiseenergy.Besides,Iadvisehertobeconfidentandstopdoubtingherself,becauseself-doubtmakeslifemirrorbacknegativethings,andbeingopen-heartedcanattractpositiveenergy.【导语】本文主要介绍了能量的含义、能量与能力的区别，阐述了能量的来源、能量与内在状态的关系，以及提升个人能量的方法，告诉人们成为高能量的人能拥有安静的力量，吸引想要的生活。【34题详解】文章第二段明确指出：“Thedifferencebetweenenergyandabilityisthatabilitycanbetaught,whileenergymustbedeveloped.”，这是对能力和能量区别的直述，可直接提取。【35题详解】文章第四段明确写道：“Youdrawintoyourliveswhatmirrorsyourinnerstate.”，因此人们吸引到生活中的是能反映他们内在状态的东西。【36题详解】文章第九段明确指出：“Theybuildaninnerlifethat’senergetic,stableandself-respecting.”，这是高能量的人所建立的内在生活，可直接提取。【37题详解】本题要求结合短文内容给出建议，答案不唯一，合理即可。五、文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名、姓名和地名。38.你校正在举办主题为“WisdomFromGreatMinds”的英文演讲比赛。假设你是李华，你参加了比赛并抽到初赛题目（如下图）。请你根据抽到的名人名言，用英文写一篇演讲稿，阐释你对它的理解以及它对你的影响。Booksaretheladderofhumanprogress.—MaximGorky书籍是人类进步的阶梯。——马克西姆·高尔基提示词语：step,discovery,grow,wise,strength内容提示：●Howdoyouunderstandthesaying?●Whatinfluencedoesthesayinghaveonyou?ThefamoussayingI’dliketotalkaboutisfromMaximGorky:“Booksaretheladderofhumanprogress.”______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening.【正确答案】例文ThefamoussayingI’dliketotalkaboutisfromMaximGorky:“Booksaretheladderofhumanprogress.”Ithinkbooksarelikestepsthathelpusreachhigherandseefurther.Throughreading,wemakenewdiscoveriesandlearnfromgreatminds.Thissayingdeeplyinfluencesme.Iusedtoreadlittle,butnowIreadeveryday.Readingnotonlybringsmenewdiscoveries,butalsomakesmewiserandstronger.Booksgivemeknowledgeandhope.Ibelievethataslongaswekeepreading,wewillkeepgrowing.Let’sclimbtheladderofboo