大学英语四级模拟试卷727

大学英语四级模拟试卷727

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:Salary

orInterest.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowin

Chinese.找工作的时候选择兴趣还是工资高

标准答案：SalaryorInterestUpongraduation,virtuallyallcollegestudentswill

confronttheproblemofthecareerchoice.Itistrulyatoughchoice.Studentsopinions

differgreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventotheirinterestin

jobs,butotherstaketheattitudethatsalaryisthemostcriticalfactorinfluencingtheir

careerchoices.Astomyself,Ipreferthelatterview.Awell-paidjobexertsa

tremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeople,withnoexceptiontome.Although

itmightbeimpossibletomeasurethevalueofone'sjobintermsofmoney,salary

countsmostwhenIchoosemyfuturecareer.Inmyview,ourcareerchoiceslargely

dependonhowandwherewehavebeenbroughtup.Iconicfromapoorurbanfamily

andmyparentswerebothlaid-offworkers.Inordertofinancemytuition,theyhave

beenworkinghardoverthepastfouryears.Astheonlysoninmyfamily,Ihaveto

shouldertheburdenofsupportingmyfamily.Inshort,salaryisthefirstandonly

considerationinmychoiceofcareer.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共10题，每题L0分，共70

分。）

WhenItConiestoWater,WeareAHMayaNowIt'spossiblethattheimpressiveMaya

civilization——withmasteryofmathematics,farming,watermanagement,pyramid

buildingandcityplanning—wasundonebysummerrain.Notenoughsummerrain.

Undone,infact,byexactlythekindofrainfallchanges,weourselvesarestartingto

experience—smallshiftsinrainfallthatpersist,andenduphavinganoutsizedimpact.

TheMayadominatedtheYucatanPeninsulafor600years,andtheirsettlementand

civilizationtherespannedmorethan1,000years.AndyetthegreatMayacitiescollapsed

andwereabandonedtothejungleoveraperiodofbetween100and200years.What

happenedisthesubjectofwidescholarlydebates—althoughdrought（干旱）hasoften

beenarguedas（hemajorsourceoftheMayas'termination,along-lastinganddamaging

drought.Thedebateshavelackedharddata,untillastweek.InthejournalScience,we've

nowgotagraphshowingtherainfallovertheYucatan,duringthelast200yearsofMaya

dominance-fromtheyear800totheyear1000.Actually,it'snotquiteagraphof

rainfall:It'sagraphofeachyear'sdifferencefromthetypicalrainfall.Theyears810to

815wereprettywet-10percentmorerainfallthanusual.Theyears820to840were

harsh—notasingleyearofevenaveragerainfall,anddecadesofyearswith30percent

lessrainfallthanusual.What'ssostrikingisthattheperiodsofdroughtwererelatively

short,oftenbrokenbybriefgoodrain,andtheactualfall-offinrainfallseemsrelatively

modest-20to40percentlessthanusualinthedryperiods.Infact,overaperiodof200

years,thereareonlyacoupledeeptroughs（波谷）reachingto40percentlessthanusual.

CouldtheMayashavebeenundonebythatkindofshiftinrainfallover100or150

years?Wcthinkthedisastrouscollapseofacivilizationrequiresanequallydisastrous

cause.Butwhatifourexpectationofwateravailabilityissofixedthatwelosetrackofit?

Whatifsmallshiftsinrainfallcanhaveasurprisinglydramaticimpact?"Perhaps,"write

thepaper'sauthors,*'theimpactofthesedroughtswasrathermodestdespitethelarge

associatedenvironmentalandsocietaldisruptions."ThedetailedpictureofMayarainfall

istheworkoftwoclimatescientists,MartinMedina-ElizaldeandEelcoRohling,and

theyanalyzedlakebedsubstancesthatrevealedtherainfall.Theirconclusionsare

remarkablydetailed—Medina-ElizaldeandRohlingwereabletoteaseoutthedifference

betweentherainyseasonrainfallofthesummersandthedrierseasonrainfallofthe

winters.Theyfoundthatitwasthesummerrainfallthatfelloff-andthatmuchofthe

fall-offmayhavebeenduetofewerhurricanes（飓风）,orhurricanesofreducedintensity.

Wetendtobeprettyconfidentinourabilitytoseeandmeasurewhat'sgoingonaround

us,tounderstandit,andtoadjust.It'snotcertainwhathappenedtotheMaya-butone

thingistrue:Theyhadsophisticatedsystemsforaccessinggroundwaterandfor

collecting,storing,anddistributingrainwater,likeourownsystems,theMayasystems

wereelaboratedandfixedinplace.Whentherainfailedtoappearinthequantitiesthey

hadbecomeusedto,theydidn'thavetheflexibilitytoadapttheirwatersystemtoserve

ihemillionsofpeoplewhoreliedonit.Theyhadbuiltacivilizationassumingacertain

quantityofwater,andwhen20or30percentlesswaterappearedconsistently,theirentire

wayoflife,perhapsespeciallyfoodcultivation,becameunsustainable.Theauthors

themselvesnote,somewhatdryly,thatthevariationsinrainfalltheyfoundduringthe

periodwhenMayacivilizationdisintegrated"arenotfaroutsidetherangeofthose

precedingthistimeinterval,whentheMayacivilizationflourished."Thatis,theamount

ofrain,andthevariationinthatrain,wasn'ttoodifferentbetweendominanceand

destruction.Here'stheamazingthing.Wc'rcnotactuallymuchbetteroffthanthe

Mayas-exceptforhavingawealthofdatatotrackourownvulnerability.Lastyear,

rainfallinHouston,Texas,was55percentlessthanusual.HowwillHoustongetalongif

thatpersistsforacoupleyears?Andthenthere'sthestoryofPerth,Australia.Perthisthe

firstwesterncitytoconfrontthepossibilityoftrulyrunningoutofwater.The

circumstanceinPerthin2012isstartlinglysimilartothatintheYucatanPeninsulain

912.Perthhasseenaveragerainfalldrop20percentoverthelast25years.Water

collectedbyitsreservoirsfellby75percentoverthatsameperiod.Why?Becausethe

reservoirswerebuiltassumingacertainamountandlocationofrainfall.AsonePerth

officialputit,"Allofasudden,itlookedlikewe'dbuikourreservoirsinthewrongplace.

"Forachillingbargraphofwhatitlookslikewhenacitylookswaterdisasterintheeye.

nothingmatchesthesimplechartPerth'swaterutilityhasputuponline.ThecrisisPerth

confrontedinthelate1990s,andavoided,wasidenticaltothatfacedbyMayawater

managers—exceptPerthgottheleadershipandvisiontofixitswaterproblems.Most

super-sizedmoderncitieswouldbeinasimilarcrisisiftheirlong-termwateravailability

suddenlydropped20percent—nottosay30or40percent.Ourcitywatersystemshave

nobetteradaptabilitythanthoseoftheMaya.Indeed,duringthecruel10-yeardroughtin

Australia,manybigreservoirsweredownto30or20or10percentcapacity-thereis

nothingmorethreateningthanacity-sizedreservoirthatis80percentempty.Thelesson

oftheMayaandthelessonofPertharethesame.Ourwaterassumptionsarejustthat;

assumptions.Weshouldbebuildingcitywaterculturesthathaveflexibility,multiple

sources,theabilitytore-usewater,theabilitytoconserve.Realstrategicthinkingabout

waterisn'taboutanewwatertreatmentplant,oraplantoreplaceagingwatermains.It's

aboutknowingwhatyou'lldoifyou'resuddenlyfacedwitha10or20percentlossof

availablewater,permanently.Beingreadyforthatkindofshiftwouldchangehowweall

thinkaboutwater—fromfactorymanagerstodadsdoingthedishes.Infact,wcarcall

Maya.

2、WhatisthereasonfortheauthortomentionMaya'srainfallchanges?

A^Heconductedaresearchonthetopic.

B、Hereadanarticleconcerningthetopic.

C^Heusedthetopictoalarmreaders.

D^Heciteditasanexampleforargument.

标准答案：c

知识点露析：定位句指出，玛雅文明的毁灭是由于降雨量的变化，而我们现在也正

经历着持续的少量的降雨变化，最终将造成大规模的影响。因此作者是在警示读者

们不可小觑我们现今面临的缺水危机，否则后果严重，故答案为C）。而且，从该

题也可以推测出本文不仅仅要讲述玛雅的缺水问题，还会扩展到我们当今社会缺水

的现状。

3、WhatisrevealedinthegraphpublishedinthejournalScience*!

A^ThedevelopmentandrediscoveryofMayacivilization.

BNThedominanceofcivilizationinYucatanPeninsula.

C、Maya'ssophisticatedfarmingandcityplanning.

D、Maya'sannualdifferencefromthetypicalrainfall.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：定位句指出，图表中显示的是每年的降雨量与一般降雨量之间的差

别，故答案为D

4、WhatdiscoveryisconsideredsostrikinginthegraphofrainfalloverYucatan?

A^Droughtperiodswererelativelyshort.

B、Therehasbeennosnowfor200years.

C、Occasionalfloodshappened.

D^Therainfallwitnessedanannualdecline.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：定位句指出，从图表中得出的惊人发现是：尤卡坦半岛干旱期相对较

短，经常有短暂的大雨缓解干旱，并且实际上降雨量的下降也相对不大。在干旱

期，降雨量比通常情况下减少了20%到40%。定位句中的第一个分句是A）的同义

转换，其他选项均与定位句的内容不符。

5、ItwasfoundthatthegreatdeclineofsummerrainfallinMayamayresult

from.

A^theincreasingheatfromthesun

B、fewerandweakerhurricanes

C、moreacidairintheatmosphere

D、environmentalandsocialdestructions

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题干中的decline,resultfrom分别对应原文中的fall-off,dueto,B)

中的weaker与原文中的ofreducedintensity“强度减弱的”属于同义转换，故为答

案。

6^WhydidtheMayasfailtoadapttothequantitychangeofrainfalls?

A^Theirwatermanagementsystemswereinefficient.

B、Theylackedflexibilitytoadapttheirwatersystem.

C、Theirnumberofcitizenwastoolargetobewellserved.

D^Theyhadunrealisticexpectationsformorerainfalls.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：定位句指出，当降雨量未能达到他们习惯的数量时，他们缺乏灵活

性，未能对水利系统进行调整来满足依赖降水的无数子民，故答案为B

7、Accordingtotheauthor,inwhichaspectarewebetteroffthantheMayas?

A、Wemasternewtechnologyforwatercleaning.

B、Weowncomplicatedmachinestodigdeepwells.

C、WearemoretalentedandindependentthanMayas.

D、Wehavesufficientdatatoreflectourrainfalldeficiency.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：定位句指出，我们并不比玛雅人好多少一除了我们拥有大量的数据

来跟踪记录我们的脆弱。这里的脆弱指的就是我们现在正遭受的降雨量减少的问

题，故答案为D

8、WhathappenedtothecityofPerth,Australiaoverthelast25years?

A^Halfofitslandturnedtodesert.

B、Itspopulationexplodedtwice.

C、Itsaveragerainfalldropped20percent.

D^Twoofitsmajorriverswerepoisoned.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：定位句指出，在过去25年内，佩斯的平均降雨量减少了20%,故答

案为C

9、A20percentdropinthelong-termwateravailabilitywouldinduceahugecrisis

for.

标准答案：mostsuper-sizedmoderncities

知识点解析：由定位句可知，如果现代的超级大城市的长期可用水资源突然减少

20%,那么它们将会经历同样的危机。题干中的主语是定位句中的条件从句，题干

主谓完整，所缺部分作for的宾语，故答案为mostsuper-sizedmoderncitieso

10、Accordingtotheauthor,ourknowledgeandunderstandingaboutwaterare

just.

标准答案:assumptions

知识点解析：assumption意为“假定，设想“，ourwaterassumptions特指我们对水持

有的一些看法或者认知；我们曾经或许以为这些都是可靠的认知，但在玛雅的案例

面前，这些也仅仅是我们的猜想。题干与定位句句型相同，但是定位句中为了表示

强调，用了that：assumptions的形式，由于题干中未提到assumptions这个词，则

在答案中要省略ihal,故答案为assumptions。

11、Weshouldknowwhatstepstotakeifsuddenlyfacedwitha10or20percent

permanentlossof.

标准答案：availablewater

知识点解析：题干中of后面需要填入一个名词或名词短语将其补充完整。定位句

中提到a10or20percentlossofavailablewater和permanently,题干中将副词

permanently转化成了形容词permanent,修饰loss,故答案为availablewaler。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分0）

12、

A^TopersuadeMarytospendmoretimeonherlessons.

B、TohelpMarytopreparefortheupcomingconcert.

C、TotalkwithMaryaboutgoingtotheconcert.

D^ToaskMarytostopworryingabouttheexam.

标准答案；A

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、Theyshouldhavecalledearlierintheday.

B、Theycannotreserveatableinadvance.

C、Therestauranthasnoroomformoredinerstonight.

D、Therestaurantisclosedthisweekend.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A、Shelivesfaraway.

B、Hercarisclose.

C、Shetakesthebus,notacar.

D、Shewantsthemantogowithher.

标准答案：B'

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Itishardtopronouncethename.

B、Itisnotgoingtobewellreceived.

C、Shehastemporarilyibrgotlenitsname.

D、Shehasneverheardofthename.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A^Sheknowsthemovieisterrifying.

B、Shedoesn'twanttoseethemovieagain.

C、Shealsolikesthemovie.

D^Sheknowstheactors.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A、Nothingcanbementioned.

B、Asmallparkisnotfarawayfromhere.

CNThereisnotmuchmanufacturingaroundhere.

D、Industrialpollutionisnotsevereinthisarea.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、Youshouldnoteattheskin.

B、It'snotgoodraw.

C、Thefruithasnotbeenwashedyet.

D、Theseedsarenotgoodtoeat.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Itwasstupid.

B、Itwasboring.

C、Itwasacompliment.

D、Itwasinconsiderate.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20>

A^Doctorandpatient.

B、Secretaryandvisitor.

C、Managerandclerk.

D^Teacherandstudent.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Thewomandoesn'tlikesmoking.

B、Theplaceisair-conditioned.

C>Thisisanon-smokingarea.

D、Nobodysmokeshere.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

22>

A、Tobookatableforlunch.

B、Tomakeanappointment.

C、Tobookanairticket.

D、Toasksomebodyforhelp.

标准利索.A

知识工解*斤：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A、Writingamemo.

Watchingafilm.

C、Tapingsomemusic.

D、Makingavideorecording.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：选项均以动名词开头表明，本题可能考查正在进行的动作。对话一开

始男士问whatshowareyouwatching?女士回答AnoldJapanesefilm,由此可知，女

士正在看电影，故答案为［B］。

24、

A、Sheisgoingtostudyabroad.

B、Sheistalentedinforeignlanguages.

C、ShesignedupforintensiveJapanese.

D、Shereceivedarecommendationfromaforeignuniversity.

标准答案：A

知识点解析:选项中的She,studyabroad,signedupforintensiveJapanese,foreign

university等表明，本题与女士的学习有关。对话中女士首先提到…I'mgoingto

spendallnextyearthere»男士后面提到Youmustbeexcited>女士回答说Excited

andnervous,由此可知，女士兴奋的原因是她要去日本留学了，故答案为［A］。

25、

ANHetoldheraboutaninterestingmovie.

B、HegaveheragoodgradeinherJapaneseclass.

C、Herecordedsometapesespeciallyforher.

D、Hehelpedhergetintotheprogram.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由选项中的He,recorded…taps…forher,helpedher等可知，本题考

查He对女士的帮助。对话中女士提到…lowcalottoProfessorMcrchcno.Hewrote

aletterofrecommendationforme...,由此可知,Mercheno教授写了一封推荐信帮助

她申请进入这个出国留学项目，故答案为［D］。

26、

A、Masteryofaforeignlanguage.

Flexibilityandopen-mindedness.

C、Moneytopaytheextratuitioncost.

D、Maturityandcommonsense.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：对话中女士提到“你需要……接受看待事物的新方式，并旦愿意适应

一种不同的生活方式”,［B］正是对此的同义转述,其中的Flexibility与willingto

adapttoadifferentkindoflifestyle对应：open-mindedness与receptivetonewwaysof

lookingatthings对应,故答案为［B］。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Vegetarianwomenaremorelikelytohavegirls.

B、Non-vegetarianwomenaremorelikelytohavegirls.

C^Vegetarianwomenaremorelikelytohaveboys.

D、Vegetarianwomenaremorelikelytosmokeduringpregnancy.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：短文开头第一句ABritishducedthesurprisefindingthat

vegetarianwomenaremorelikelytohavegirls,故选A0

28、

A、Pregnantwomenwhoavoidedmealandfish.

B、Pregnantwomenwholiketoeatmeatandfish.

C^Womenwhoaremorelikelytohavegirls.

D、Womenwhoarcmorelikelytohaveboys.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：短文中间提到了vegetarianmothers的定义，即vegetarianmothers

weredefinedaspregnantwomenwhoavoidedmeatandfish。

29、

A、Increasethesamplenumber.

B、Extendthetimeofthestudy.

C、Observethesamplegroupofvegetarians.

D^BothAandB.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：短文中提到为了进一步检验他们的发现，iheyincreasedthesample

number...Thestudywasextendedfbrafurthersixmonths,由此可知选项D为正确答

案。

30、

A^Becausehewantedtobeagreatactor.

B、Becausehewantedtobeaplaywright.

C、Becausehewastoopoortoliveon.

D^Becausehewantedtotakecareofhorses.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：WhydidWilliamShakespearegotoLondonwhenhewasyoung?

31、

A、Onfoot.

Ridinghorses.

C^Bycarriage.

D、Ridingdonkeys.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:Howdidtheplay-goersgototheatre?

32、

A^Whenhewastakingcareofhorses.

Whenhewasgivenanopportunitytoplayapartonthestage.

C、Whenhebeganplay-writing.

D、Whenhehadwrittenmanyplays.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whendidhisnamebecomeknown?

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

33、

A、Thegeneralpublic.

B、Clubmembers.

C、Womenrunners.

D^Allwomen

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本文是一则关于1（）公里赛跑的通知，由女子俱乐部发布，针对对象

主要是女子（particularylywomen）,但选项D错，因为并非所有的女子都是

runners）故本题选C。

34、

A、Ten.

B、Eleven.

C、Fourteen.

D、Sixteen.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：听懂所有关键词并不难，考生还须听懂题义。minimumage是“最低

年龄”。

35、

A、Anyonewhowantcanparticipate,includingchildren.

B、Runnersshouldbeingoodhealth.

CNOnlythechampionrunnerwillgetmoney.

D、ThefinaldestinationfortherunistheAquarium（水族馆）.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：用排除法。对参赛者是有条件限制的，如年龄限制，身体状况限制

等，并非你想参加均可，故A错；完成跑步的参赛者将有现金奖励，故C内容太

绝对；赛跑终点是纪念馆，故D错。B选项内容已在关键词语中列出，故本题选

Bo

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

“分。）

Wegenerallyviewthefamilyasbeingoneofourmoststableinstitutions:yet,ourfamily

systemhas[Bl]anumberofchangesinthepast.Twohundredyearsago,

marriageswereoftenarrangedbyparents,witheconomic[B2]beingthemost

importantfactorofwhomarriedwhom.Twohundredyearsago,divorcewas[B3]

;now,morethanoneoutofthreemarriagesarcin[B4].Twohundred

yearsago,womendidnotworkoutofthehome,andchildrenwereaneconomic[B5]

;nownearly50percentofmarriedwomenworkoutsidethehome,andchildren

area[B6]responsibility.Inour[B7]society,thefamilyisnow

changingevenmorerapidlythanitdidinthepast.In[B8]thefutureofthe

Americanfamily,someauthoritiesforeseethefamilyasracingtowardextinction.They

saythat[B9],andthiswillbeitsonlyfunction.Familyoptimists,on

theotherhand,predictthefamily'senteringaGoldenAge-anerawhere[BIO]

.Mostsociologists,however,donotagreewitheitherthepessimistsorthe

optimists;instead,[Bl1],manyofwhichwillprobablybethrown

away,butsomelikelytobefoundsatisfyingandfunctionalandgraduallybecoming

“typical”.

36、[Bl]

标准答案：undergone

知识点解析：暂无解析

37、[B2]

标准答案：considerations

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B3]

标准答案：rare

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B4]

标准答案：divorce

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B5]

标准答案：asset

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B6]

标准答案：financial

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B7]

标准答案：fast-paced

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B8]

标准答案：viewing

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B9]

标准答案；thefamilyisdeadexceptforthefirstyearortwoofchildraising

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[BIO]

标准答案：thememberswillhavemoreleisuretimetospendwitheachotherandwill

deriveconsiderableenjoymentfromfamily-typeactivities

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[Bll]

标准答案：theyarguethatthefamilyisexperimentingwithanumberofnoveltypesand

forms

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读(选词填空)(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。)

Whatissuburbanization?Ifby"suburb"ismeantanurban[SI]thatgrowsmore

rapidlythanitsalreadydevelopedinterior,theprocessofsuburbanizationbeganduring

the(S2]oftheindustrialcityinthesecondquarterofthe19thcentury.Beforethat

periodthecitywasasmallhighly[S3]clusterinwhichpeoplemoveaboutonfootand

goodswere[S4]byhorseandcart.Buttheearlyfactoriesbuiltinthe1830sand1840s

were[S5]alongwaterwaysandnearrailheadsattheedgesofcities,andhousingwas

neededforthethousandsofpeopledrawnbytheprospectofemployment.Intime,the

factorieswere[S6]byproliferatingmilltownsofapartmentsandrowhousesthat

abuttedtheolder,maincities.Asadefense[S7]thisencroachmentandtoenlargetheir

taxbase,thecitiesappropriatedtheirindustrialneighbors.In1854,forexample,thecity

ofPhiladelphia[S8]mostofPhiladelphiaCounty.Similarthings[S9]placein

ChicagoandinNewYork.Indeed,mostgreatcitiesoftheUnitedStates[S10]such

statusonlybyannexingthecommunitiesalongtheirborders.A)locatedI)abandoned

B)marginJ)plummetC)conveyedK)achievedD)compactL)tookE)centerM)against

F)emergenceN)forG)spaciousO)incorporatedH)surrounded

47、[SI]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据上下文的意思和本句语法结构提示选择名词，margin这个词在

后文也出现了。

48、[S2]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：根据上下文的逻辑可以了解，此处的意思是“随着……的出现而出

现”。

49、[S3]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据语法结构提示该处应填入形容词compact,并和后面的解释两对

应。

50、[S4]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据上下文和句子结构判断这里应填入表达“运输''的动词。

51、[S5]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：located的意思是“位于

52、[S6]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：根据后文，可以判断此空需要填一个表示"被包围''意思的词。

53、[S7]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：根据后文的逻辑和词语搭配，这里应该是againsl。

54、[S8]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：从上下文判断，这些郊区逐渐被“吞并

55、[S9]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：takeplace表示“发生”。

56、[S10]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：根据上下文，此处应填一个表示“取的，获得”的词。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Ifyouhaven'theardorseenanythingaboutroadrageinthelastfewmonths,you've

probablybeenavoidingthemedia.Therehavebeencountlessstoriesaboutthisnewand

scaryphenomenon,consideredatypeofaggressivedriving.Ifyoudrive,youhavemore

thanlikelyencounteredaggressivedriving.Whiledrunkdrivingremainsacritical

problem,thefactsaboutaggressivedrivingaresurelyasdisturbing.Forinstance,

accordingtotheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration（NHTSA）,41,907

peoplediedonthehighwayslastyear.Ofthosefatalities,theagencyestimatesthatabout

two-thirdswerecausedatleastinpartbyaggressivedrivingbehavior.Whyisthis

phenomenonoccurringmorethanevernow,andwhyisitsomethingthatseemedalmost

nonexistentafewshortyearsago?Expertshaveseveraltheories,andallareprobably

partiallycorrect.Onesuggestionissheerovercrowding.Inthelastdecade,thenumberof

carsontheroadshasincreasedbyover11%,andthenumberofmilesdrivenhas

increasedby35%.Meanwhile,thenumberofnewroadmileshasonlyincreasedby1%.

Thatmeansmorecarsinthesameamountofspace;andtheproblemismagnifiedin

urbanareas.Also,peoplehavelesstimeandmorethingstodo.Withpeopleworkingand

tryingtofitextrachores6货事）andactivitiesintotheday,stresslevelshaveneverbeen

higher.Stresscreatesanxiety,whichleadstoshorttempers.Thesefactors,when

combinedincertainsituations,canspellroadrage.Youmaythinkyouarethelastperson

whowoulddriveaggressively,butyoumightbesurprised.Forinstance,haveyouever

yelledoutloudataslowerdriver,honked（按喇叭）longandhardatanothercar,orsped

uptokeepanotherdriverfrompassing?Ifyourecognizeyourselfinanyofthese

situations,watchout!Whetheryouaregettingangryatotherdriversorifanotherdriver

isvisiblyupsetwithyou,therearethingsyoucandotoavoidmajorconfrontations.If

youaresusceptible（受影响的）toroadrage,thekeyistodischargeyouremotionina

healthyway.Ifyouarethetargetofanotherdriver'srage,doeverythingpossibletoget

awayfromtheotherdriversafely,includingavoidingeyecontactandgettingoutoftheir

way.

57、Whatdowclearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A、Themediacoinedtheterm"RoadRage"onlyafewmonthsago.

Peoplehavebeenragedbymediareportsandwanttoavoidthem.

C>Peoplenotinterestedinthemediaknowlittleaboutrecenthappenings.

D、Roadragehasreceivedmuchmediacoverageinthelastfewmonths.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据题干中的firstparagraph将本题出处定位到首段。该段提到，如

果你在过去的几个月内没有听过或者见过与激进驾驶有关的任何事情，你很可能是

没有看过媒体报道。有尢数的报道都是有关这种新的、可怕的现象……。由此可

知，在过去的几个月内，激进驾驶被媒体广泛报道过，故答案为［D］。文中提到媒

体广泛报道了“RoadRage”这一现象，但并未说“RoadRage”是媒体杜撰的，故排除

［A］o［B］是针对avoidingthemedia设的干扰项。［C］是针对首段首句设的干扰项。

58、AccordingtoNHTSA,lastyearonthehighways.

A^approximatelytwothirdsofdriverswerekilledbyroadrage

B、roadrageremainedtheNo.lkillerandtook41,907people'slives

C、morepeoplewerekilledbyaggressivedrivingthanbydrunkdriving

D^drunkdrivingwasaproblemmoreseriousthanaggressivedriving

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据题干中的NHTSA将本题出处定位到第2段最后两句。该段首句

提到，虽然drunkdriving仍然是一个严重的问题，但aggressivedriving的事实也无

疑令人不安。随后两句举例说明：据美国公路安全管理局(NHTSA)称，去年有

41,907人死在公路上。该机构估计这些伤亡中大约三分之二至少部分是由

aggressivedriving的行为造成的。很显然由aggressivedriv一ing造成的伤亡比drunk

driving多，故答案为［C］。文中提到在伤亡的41,907people中，有三分之二死于

aggressivedriving,并未提及伤亡者是否是drivers,故排窿［A］。文中提到伤亡的

41,907人中，有三分之二死于aggressivedriving(即roadrage),并非全部死于

roadrage,故排除出］。根据伤亡更多是由于激进驾驶造成的可知，激进驾驶比醉

驾更严重，故排除［D］。

59>Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasacauseofaggressivedriving?

A、Drivers'stressandanxiety.

B、Rushhourtraffic.

C、Increasingnumberofcars.

D、Overcrowdedroads.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文中第三、四段说明了造成激进驾驶的原因，［A］Drivers'strcssand

anxiety与第4段提到的原因Stresscreatesanxiety,whichleadstoshorttempers对

应：［C］Increasingnumberofcars与第3段介绍的原因中提到的ihenumberofearson

theroadshasincreased对应；［D］Overcrowdcdroads与morecarsinthesameamount

ofspace对应。本题询问不是造成激进驾驶的原因。故答案为|B］。

60、Accordingtothepassage,aggressivedrivingischaracterizedby.

A、drivingatfullspeed

B、yellingatanotherdriver

C、talkingwhiledriving

D、soundingthehornwhenpassing

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第5段举例说明J‘激进驾驶的表现，B］yeningatanotherdriver与其

中提到的yelledoutloudataslowerdriver对应，故答案为［B］。文中提到加速阳止

其他司机超车，并未提及全速行驶，故排除［A］。［C］在文中未提及，故排除。文中

提到对着另一辆车长时间使劲按喇叭，并未提及在超车时按喇叭，故排除［D］。

61>Thelastparagraphisintendedto.

A、tellpeoplehowtocopewithroadrage

B>informpeoplehowaggressivedriverscouldbe

C>tellpeoplehowtocontrolthemselveswhenangry

D^warnpeopleagainsteyecontactwithanotherdriver

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中的lastparagraph将本题出处定位到末段。该段首先提

到，如果你对其他司机发怒或者另一个司机因为你而明显地烦躁，你可以做一些事

情来避免重大冲突。接下来具体介绍了如何避免自己产生交通暴躁情绪以及当自己

成为其他司机发怒对象时如何做。由此可知，本段都在讲述对付交通暴躁情绪的方

法，故答案为［A］。出］在末段未提及，故排除。［C］“告诉人们在生气时如何控制自

己“只是避免交通暴躁情绪的一个方面。不能概括本段内容，故排除。本段提到

avoidingeyecontact的前提是youarethetargetofanotherdriver'srage,并不是任何

时候都不要与其他司机对视，故排除［D］。

Inspiteof"endlesstalkofdifference",Americansocietyisanamazingmachinefor

homogenizingpeople.Thisis"thedemocratizinguniformity"ofdressanddiscourse（话

语）,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeferencecharacteristicofpopularculture.People

areabsorbedinto"acultureofconsumption",launchedbythe19thcenturydepartment

storesthatoffered"vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere".Insteadofintimate

shopscateringto"aknowledgeableelite",thesewerestores"anyonecouldenter,

regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocratic

act."Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.

Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogether

elevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,Gregory

Rodriguezreportsthattoday'simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelnorresistant

toassimilation（同化）.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofpopulation;in1900,