21主题二十一　自然科学研究成果

主题二十一自然科学研究成果高考英语某省市专用词汇清单即练即清目录能力提升练主题词汇KnowYourBodybiologyn.生物学capabilityn.能力marathonn.赛跑participantn.参加者bettermentn.改善,提高resiliencen.恢复力,适应力vaccinen.疫苗infervt.推断innovatev.创新,改革justifyvt.证明……有道理calculatevt.计算,核算usetheirmindsforthebettermentofmankind用他们的思想来造福人类findcuresfordiseases找到治疗疾病的方法inextremeconditions在极端情况下dospecialbreathingexercises做特殊的呼吸练习warmup使暖和similareffect相似的效果ToCloneorNottoClonetwinn.双胞胎中的一个blessingn.福气,幸运genen.基因barriern.障碍mammaln.哺乳动物cameln.骆驼primaten.灵长目动物apen.猿parisonn.比较cluen.线索databasen.数据库abusevt.&n.滥用,虐待editv.编辑;剪辑,剪接identicaladj.完全相同的reproductiveadj.繁殖的accurateadj.准确的crucialadj.关键性的boundadj.很有可能artificiallyadv.人为地whollyadv.完全地makeanexactcopyof...制作某物的精确副本attempttocloneanimalsartificially尝试人工克隆动物asimilarpatternofhealthproblems类似的健康问题模式inparisonwith与……相比eventuallyfindawaytodo...最终发现了做某事的方法breaktechnicalbarriers打破技术障碍behelpfulformedicalresearchandhumanhealth对医学研究和人类健康有帮助leadtoworldwidepraise赢得全世界的赞誉offerclueson在某方面提供了线索hethepotentialtodo...拥有做某事的潜力suitresearchneeds满足研究的需要causeagreatdealofdisagreement引起很多不同意见provokestrongemotions激起强烈的情绪becrucialforscientificadvancement对科学进步至关重要raisemoralconcerns引发道德方面的担忧worryabouttheethicalquestions对伦理问题的担心BrainPowernerven.神经;焦虑organn.器官crosswordn.纵横字谜atomn.原子impulsen.冲动,脉冲containvt.包含,容纳locatev.找出……的准确位置beresponsiblefordifferentfunctions负责不同的功能keepthebrainflexible保持大脑的灵活性helpimprovememory帮助提高记忆力takeyououtsideyourfortzone使你走出舒适区improveyourbrainhealth改善你的大脑健康cutdownonjunkfood少吃垃圾食品restorethebalanceofenergies恢复能量平衡increasetheintakeofOmega-3fats增加Omega-3脂肪的摄入increasetheamountofoxygenintheblood增加血液中氧的含量performmultiplefunctionsinmaintaininghealth在保持健康方面起到不同的作用EpidemicsExplainedfactorn.因素,要素variationn.变体;差异bacterian.细菌baselinen.基线lungn.肺symptomn.症状samplen.样本vt.尝试;对……做抽样调查estimatevt.&n.估计,估算buryvt.埋葬posevt.造成,引起,产生n.姿势,姿态rareadj.稀有的,罕见的depressingadj.令人沮丧的actualadj.实际的visibleadj.看得见的correspondingadj.相应的officiallyadv.官方地aninfectiousdisease一种传染性疾病spreadtoalargenumberofpeople传播给很多人beclassifiedas...被归类为……asopposedto...与……相反awidespreadvirus一种广泛传播的病毒affectmillionsofpeople影响了数百万人drawparallelsbetween...and...在……与……之间找到相似之处themostsevereepidemicinhistory历史上最严重的流行病poseathreat造成威胁inthecourseoftheoutbreak在暴发过程中dotrialsontreatments对治疗方法进行试验resultinamajorlossoflife导致严重的人员伤亡survivalrate存活率getover克服underlinethefactthat...强调某个事实thoroughandsystematicmedicalresearch全面系统的医学研究getatthecauses查明原因Chineseherbalmedicine中草药TraditionalChineseMedicine中医词汇变形inferv.推断→inferencen.推论innovatev.创新→innovativeadj.创新的wholeadj.整个的→whollyadv.完全地accurateadj.准确的→accuratelyadv.准确地treatv.治疗,对待→treatmentn.治疗,对待mereadj.仅仅→merelyadv.仅仅officialadj.官方的→officiallyadv.官方地classifyv.分类→classificationn.归类,分级depressv.使沮丧→depressingadj.令人沮丧的actualadj.实际的→actuallyadv.实际上systemn.系统→systematicadj.系统化的globen.地球→globaladj.全球的astronomyn.天文学→astronomern.天文学家biologyn.生物学→biologicaladj.生物学的→biologistn.生物学家editv.编辑→editorn.主编,编辑→editionn.版本(出版形式)parev.比较parisonn.比较parableadj.类似的;可比较的opposev.反对→opposedadj.反对的→oppositionn.反对,反抗symboln.象征→symbolicadj.象征性的→symbolicallyadv.象征性地词块拓展essentialminerals重要矿物质organicfood有机食物befreeofdisease不生病themostbeneficialinnovations最有益处的创新chemicalfertilizers化肥berichinnutrition营养丰富stoptheuseofman-madechemicals停止使用人造化学物质keeppeopleashealthyaspossible使人们尽可能保持健康一、选词填空阅读下列短文,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空。每词限用一次。A即练即清ethicalbarriercrucialbaselineprovokeTheconceptofcloninghasbea(n)1.

topicinmodernscience,raisingquestionsabouttheimplicationsofcreatingartificiallife.While

cloningcanoffersignificantbenefits,suchasadvancingmedicalresearchandpre-

servingendangeredspecies,italsopresentsdilemmasthatsocietymustaddress.Onemajor2.

towidespreadacceptanceofcloningtechnologyisthefearof

unintendedconsequences,includingthepotentialforabuseorexploitation.These

concernscan3.

intensedebatesonmoralresponsibilitiesofscientists.

Asresearcherscontinuetoexplorecloning,itisessentialtoestablisha(n)4.

thatensureresponsiblepracticeswhilebalancinginnovationwith5.

considerations.Thefutureofcloningholdspromise,butitmustbenigated

withcautionandrespectforlife.BbettermentoutbreakunderlineresilienceposeTherecent6.

ofaviralepidemichasraisedsignificantconcerns

globally,promptinghealthofficialstoactswiftly.Suchcrisis7.

theimportanceofpreparednessandtheneedforrobust(强大的)healthcaresystems.Epidemicscan8.

seriouschallenges,affectingnotonlypublichealthbutalsoeconomiesandsocialstructures.Inresponsetothecrisis,munitieshee

togethertoimplementstrategiesaimedatthe9.

ofpublichealth.This

collaborativeeffortwillstrengthencountriesagainstfutureoutbreaks.Thelessonslearnedfromthisepidemicwillbevitalinshapingfutureresponses,ensuringthat

wearebetterequippedtofacesimilarchallengesaheadwithgreater10.

.答案1.crucial2.barrier3.provoke4.baseline5.ethical6.outbreak7.underlines8.pose9.betterment10.resilience二、语篇填空1

Humanbiologyisaplexanddynamicfieldthatexaminestheplex

workingsofthehumanbody.Recentfindingsingeneticresearchheprovidedinvaluableinsightsintovariousdiseasesandtheir1.

(biology)foundations.Formanyparticipantsinclinicaltrials,theseadvancementscan2.

(actual)leadtogroundbreaking3.

(treat)thatofferhopeandimprovequalityoflife.

However,therearestillbiologicalconditionsthatcanbequite4.

(depress),especiallywhentheylimitindividuals'capabilitiesorleadtochronicsuf-

fering.Understandingtheinterplaybetweengeneticsandenvironmentiscrucialfor

developingeffectivetherapies.Asresearcherscontinuetoexplorehumanbiology,

theknowledgegainednotonlyenhancesourunderstandingofhealthbutalsopes

thewayforfuture5.

(innovate)advancementsthatcouldtransformmedicalcareandimprovelivesaroundtheworld.2TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)isaprehensiveand6.

(system)approachtohealth,developedoverthousandsofyears.TCMincludes

methodssuchasacupuncture,herbalremedies,andqigong,eachtailoredtobalance

thebody'senergies.InTCM,the7.

(classify)ofsymptomsanddiseases

differssignificantlyfromWesternmedicine,oftenfocusingonrestoringharmony

ratherthantargetingisolatedsymptoms.Thisdifferencecanleadtovaryingdegrees

ofaccuracyindiagnosiswhenparedtomodernmedicalpractices,asTCMemphasizespatternsratherthanspecificmarkers.In8.

pare),Westernmedicinereliesmoreonspecifictestsand

technologiesforprecisediagnosis.Despitethesedifferences,TCMhasgained9.

(globe)attention,withgrowinginterestinitsholisticmethods.Thisintegration10.

(whole)highlightsthepotentialofbiningancientwisdomwithmoderninsightsforimprovedhealthouesworldwide.答案1.biological2.actually3.treatments4.depressing5.innovative6.systematic7.classification8parison9.global10.wholly三、词块翻译1.Bigdataanalysisinthemedicalfieldisbingincreasinglyimportantasitcan

(对医学研究和人类健康有帮助)byprovidingvaluableinsightsintodiseasepatterns.2.Innovatorsinrenewableenergycontinueto

(打破技术障

碍),achievingefficiencypreviouslythoughtimpossibleforsustainablesources.3.Thehumanitarian'sdedicationtoachievingzerohungergloballydidnotgounnoticed;theirefforts

(赢得全世界的赞誉和敬佩).4.Thefilmmaker'slatestworkwasdesignedto

(激起强烈

的情感),forcingaudiencestoconfronttheunpleasanttruth.5.Collaborationbetweeninternationalscientists

(对于科学进步至关重要),asitfostersthesharingofdiverseperspectivesand

groundbreakingideas.6.Engaginginmentallystimulatingactivities,suchaslearninganewlanguage,can

(保持大脑的灵活性)andhelpmain-

taincognitivefunctionswellintooldage.7.Pursuingachallengingnewcareerpathmay

(使你走出舒适区),openingdoorsforyou.8.Herbalsupplements,whenusedappropriately,can

(在保持健康方面起到不同的作用),suchasboostingimmunity,

supportingdigestion,andimprovingenergylevels.9.Manywellnesspractices,likeyogaandmeditation,aredesignedto

(恢复能量平衡)withinthebody,helpingindividualsachieveastateof

calm.10.Biologists

(在细胞和小工厂之间找到

相似之处),whereeachorganelle(细胞器)performsaspecificfunction,muchlikedifferentdepartmentsinafactoryworktogethertoproducegoods.11.Medicalresearchoftenmakesuseoftheforests'plantandanimallife,andthe

destructionofsuchspeciescouldpreventresearchersfrom

(找到治疗某些疾病的方法).答案1.behelpfulformedicalresearchandhumanhealth2.breaktechnicalbarriers3.ledtoworldwidepraiseandadmiration4.provokestrongemotions5.iscrucialforscientificadvancement6.keepthebrainflexible7.takeyououtsideyourfortzone8.performmultiplefunctionsinmaintaininghealth9.restorethebalanceofenergies10.drawparallelsbetweenacellandatinyfactory11.findingcuresforcertaindiseases一、听后记录并转述(改编自北师XB3U9Lesson2)第一节听后记录听两遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上,每

空只需填写一个词。HowtoKeepYourBrainHealthyChallengedifficultandnewthingsPlaysome1.

gameswhenyouarefree.Getoutofyour2.

zoneandexplorenewthings.Developgoodhabits3.

yourintakeoffruitandvegetables.Dotherightamountofexercise.4.

insocialactivitiesAttendparties.Joininmunity-organizedactivities.答案1.puzzle2.fort3.Increase4.Participate第二节听后转述听第三遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,完成转述。Sam

Smith

introduces

some

tips

on

how

to

keep

our

brain

healthy...答案SamSmithintroducessometipsonhowtokeepourbrainhealthy.First,challengedifficultandnewthings.Wecanplaysomepuzzlegameswhen

wearefree.Theyhelpkeepusalertandourmindclear.Weshouldalsogetoutof

ourfortzoneandexplorenewthings.Learningnewskillskeepsthebrainactive.Second,developgoodhabits.Weshouldn'teattoomuchjunkfood.Weshould

increaseourintakeoffruitandvegetables.Theycontainlotsofvitaminsandminer-

alsthataregoodforourbrain.Weshouldalsodotherightamountofexercisewhich

canrelieveourstressandimproveourmemory.Third,participateinsocialactivities.Socialactivitycanexerciseourbrainand

keepourbrainsharp.Wecanattendpartiesandjoininmunity-organizedactivi-

ties.二、朗读短文回答问题(改编自北师XB3U9Assessment)朗读短文,根据短文内容口头回答问题。Anepidemicisaninfectiousdiseasethatspreadsrapidlytoalargenumberof

peoplewithinashortperiodoftime.EpidemicshebeenoccurringaslongashumanshebeenonEarth.Inhumanhistory,therehebeensomedeadlyepidemics.Intheearly20thcen-

tury,theSpanishFluof1918wasamassiveepidemicthatkilledanestimateof50

millionpeople,morethanthenumberofpeoplewhodiedinWorldWarⅠ.Initially,

itwasbelievedthatepidemicsposedlittlethreattothemodernworld,untilSARSoutbreakin2002.TheSARSepidemicstartedasalungdiseaseinChinabuteventu-

allyspreadacrosstheglobetocountriessuchasCanadaandVietnam.Itresultedin

theinfectionofabout8,000peopleandsincethen,scientistsheundertakentrials

ontreatmentstopreventfuturedeaths.Question1:Whatisanepidemic?Question2:WhatwastheresultoftheSpanishFluof1918?Question3:Whatcausedtheinfectionofabout8,000peopleaccordingtothepassage?答案1.Anepidemicisaninfectiousdiseasethatspreadsrapidlytoalargenumberof

peoplewithinashortperiodoftime.2.Itkilledanestimateof50millionpeople.3.TheSARSepidemic.三、阅读表达(改编自北师XB3U9Lesson1)ToCloneorNottoCloneCloningistheprocessofmakinganexactcopyofaplantoranimalanddeveloping

iteithernaturallyorartificially.Naturalcloninghasbeengoingonforgenerations.

Forexample,gardenershebeenusingaformofcloningwhentheytakeacutting

fromaplantandplaceitinasuitablemedium,suchassoil.Anotherexampleofnaturalcloningisidenticaltwins,whoareproducedfromthesameegg.InJanuary2018,thecloningoftwolong-tailedmonkeys,ZhongZhongandHua

Hua,wasannouncedbyChinesescientists.Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes,monkeys,andhumans)tohebeencloned!

Inparisonwithotherspecies,cloningprimateshasprovedtobe“muchhard-

er”,anddoingsowithnon-reproductivecellswasevenmoreplicated.Dr.Sun

Qiang,directoroftheresearchteam,saidtheyhadbeenwhollydevotedtotheresearchandhadbeentakingcareofmorethan1,000monkeys24hoursaday,7days

aweekformorethan5years.Therehadbeenanumberoffailuresbeforetheyeven-

tuallyfoundawaytosuccessfullycloneamonkey.Thereasontheyworkedsohard

tobreakthistechnicalbarrierwastogetanimalswitheditedgenesandproduceanimalmodelsthatarehelpfulformedicalresearchandhumanhealth.Thesuccessfulcloningofprimateshasledtoworldwidepraiseasahugebreak-

throughthatmightleadtocuresforvariousdiseasesandmayalsoofferclueson

howtopreventtheagingprocess.Cloning,however,continuestobeanissuethat

causesagreatdealofdisagreementandprovokesstrongemotions.Whilesomepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscientificadvancement,othersraisemoralconcerns.They

believeitisboundtoleadtocloningofotherspecies,andtheyworryabouttheethicalquestionsthisraises.Sofar,itisstillunknownwhatwillhappentoZhongZhongandHuaHuaas

theygrowup.Researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced.AsEinstein