2026年安徽合肥庐阳区合肥市第六中学高三下册高考模拟英语试卷（二）【附答案】

/2026年安徽合肥庐阳区合肥市第六中学高三下学期高考模拟英语试卷（二）-学生用卷一、阅读理解1、Wanttostartchangingyourlife?Startwiththese4books.HumanCompatiblebyStuartRussellWhatwillthequestforadvancedAImeanforhumanity?Russell,oneoftheworld’sleadingresearchersinthefield,exploresthechallengeofdevelopingartificialintelligencesystemsaligned(与……一致)withhumanvaluesandinterests.GetthekeyideasonBlinkistinjust22minutes.Life3.0byMaxTegmarkMITcosmologist(宇宙学家)MaxTegmarktakesreadersonamind-expandingjourneytoimaginewhataworlddominatedbysuperintelligentAImightlooklike.Heexaminestherisksandrewardsoflifeinauniversewherehumansareoutmatchedbymorecapableentities.GetthekeyideasonBlinkistinjust19minutes.TheMasterAlgorithmbyPedroDomingosIsthereasinglealgorithm(算法)thatcanobtainallknowledgefromdata?LeadingmachinelearningresearcherPedroDomingosprovidesanengaginglookatthequesttofinda“masteralgorithm”thatcanfuelartificialgeneralintelligence.GetthekeyideasonBlinkistinjust21minutes.SuperintelligencebyNickBostromWhathappenswhenmachinessurpass(超越)humancognitiveabilities?OxfordphilosopherNickBostromlaysoutthepotentialpathsandrisksthatmayemergeaswedevelopsuperintelligentAIsystemsfarexceedinghumanintelligence.GetthekeyideasonBlinkistinjust24minutes.1.WhatismainlydiscussedinHumanCompatible?2.Whointroducesthequestforasinglemasteralgorithm?3.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?2、EnvironmentalgroupshaveclaimedsuccessafterbringinglocalwildlifebacktoHackneyMarshesinEastLondonfollowingthedestructionofhabitatsinrecentyears.Weasels(鼬),woodmiceandothersmallmammals(哺乳动物)hadbeendisappearingfromaroundtheRiverLeauntilhundredsofvolunteersbeganrebuildingtheirecosystems.Allhevolunteershadbeenonedgerealizingtheincreasinglyurgentproblem.Now,allpaidoff.IanPhillips,anecologistaswellasoneofthevolunteers,said,“Itfinallyhappened.Itwasabsolutelyacomfortandpleasuretoseeeverythingfallintoplace.”WithfundingfromHackneyCouncil,themissionwasundertaken.Mr.Phillipsexplainedwoodmice’sdisappearingcausedachainreaction.Weaselsleftthehabitat,andthatinturnimpactedthepopulationofatypeoflocalbind,“It’slikeaclassicsortofbuildingblockgame—ifyoupullanypieceoutofthelocalecosystem,everythingcancollapse,”hesaid.“Sothreeyearsago,whenwerealizedwewereatacriticalpoint,wetookituponourselvestodosomething.”Thedepartureofwildliferesultedmainlyfromlargernumbersofvisitorsandhouseboaterstakinglogsfromtheareatouseforfirewood.Whilethesegatheringsmadetheheadlines,theloudnoiseandlogburningcausedgreatdisturbancetolocalspecies,drivingkingfishersandsmallbirdstoabandontheirnests.AriseindogownershipalsoposedathreattoHackneyMarshes’mammals.“Whenyou’vegot3,000dogscomingthroughhereadaysometimes,there’sgoingtobedeath,”Mr.Philipsadded.Thisprojectshowswhatcanbedonewithlocalknowledgeanddevotioninpartnershipwiththecouncil.Therewilderssaidthey’reworkingtoexpandtheireffortsacrosstheregionintoMillfieldsParkandLondonFields.Theyarealsoactivelytrainingcouncilstafftohelpthemrecoverspeciesinthewiderarea.Meanwhile,HackneyCouncilhasgiventhemthegreenlighttointroduceotherspecieslikeslowwormsintoHackneyMarshes.12.HowdidPhillips’feelingchange?13.WhatdoPhillips’wordsimplyinparagraph3?14.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?15.Whataretherewildersattemptingtodo?3、Theabilitytothinkaboutwhatothersarethinking,knownas“theoryofmind”,isacrucialaspectofhumaninteractionandcooperation.Scientistshavelongbeenintriguedifanimalssharethiscapability.Recentstudiessuggestthatsomeanimals,particularlygreatapeslikechimpanzeesandbonobos(倭黑猩猩),mightpossessthisskill.AnotableexperimentconductedbyresearchersatJohnsHoinsUniversity’sApeInitiativeprovidesconvincingevidence.Thestudyinvolvedthreemalebonobos,whoweretaughttocommunicateusingsignsorsymbols.Theseapesareknownfortheirintelligenceandcooperativeproblem-solvingskills.Intheexperiment,scientistLukeTownrowsatacrossfromabonobowhileanotherscientisthidasmallsnackunderoneofthreeinverted(使倒置)cups.ThebonobowitnessedthehidingprocessbutMrTownrowwasonlyabletoseethecupshalfthetime.WhenMrTownrowcouldn’tseewherethesnackwashidden,hewouldactconfusedandask,“Hmm,whereisthegrape?”beforewaitingfor10seconds.TheresultsshowedthatwhenMrTownrowlackedknowledgeofthesnack’slocation,thebonobospointedtothecorrectcupmorequicklyandfrequently.ThisbehaviourindicatesthatthebonoboswereawareofMrTownrow’sknowledgestateandadaptedtheirresponsesaccordingly.Whilethestudyhadlimitations—suchasthesmallnumberofbonobosandthepossibilitythattheirupbringingaroundhumansinfluencedtheirbehaviour—thefindingsaresignificant.Theysuggestthatbonobosindeedhaveatheoryofmind,allowingthemtoconsiderothers’thoughtsandadjusttheiractionsbasedonwhattheyknowothersdonot.Thisdiscoveryenhancesourunderstandingofanimalcognition(认知)andsocialbehaviour.Itimpliesthattheabilitytothinkaboutothers’thoughts,oncethoughttobeuniquelyhuman,maybemorewidespreadintheanimalkingdomthanpreviouslybelieved.Furtherresearchwithlargergroupsandwildbonoboscouldprovidedeeperinsightsintotheextentandevolutionofthiscognitiveabilityinanimals.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"intrigued"inParagraph1probablymean?9.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyfocuson?10.Whatistheresultoftheexperiment?11.Whatmayscientistsviewtheexperimentas?4、“Myenthusiasmforthisjobistotallygone,”anAmazonworkerrecentlywroteonBlind,anonlineforumwhereemployeescomplainabouttheiremployers.AllthishappenedafterAndyJassy,thetechgiant’sboss,sentaletterthatorderedstaffbacktotheofficefivedaysaweekinsteadofthepreviousthreedays.Amazonisn’talonetolimitremotework.ArecentglobalsurveybyKPMG,anotherprofessional-servicesfirm,foundthatfour-fifthsofbossesexpectareturntotheofficefivedaysaweekwithinthreeyears.Thechangeinsometech,financialandprofessional-servicesfirmsismoredramatic.Orderingareturntotheofficetendstoangerstaff.AsurveybyGartner,aresearchfirm,foundthatafifthofemployeeswouldleavetheirjobsiftheywereforcedbacktotheoffice.Forsomecompanies,thatmaybethepoint.Gettingsomeofthemtoleavevoluntarilywouldreducecosts,thoughitalsoriskslosingtalentedemployees.Manybossesbelievehavingemployeesintheofficeleadstobetterperformance.Plentyofstudiessuggestthatremoteemployeesarelessproductive.There’slessevidence,though,thatlettingstaffworkfromhomeacoupleofdaysaweekhasanegativeeffectonperformance.ArandomtrialatanonlinetravelagencybyNickBloomofStanfordUniversityfoundnodifferenceinperformancebetweenhybridworkersandthosewhoworkedentirelyfromtheoffice.Bossesmayarguethatcomplextasks,suchasdesigningauserinterface,canrequirealotofcooperationthatmaybedifficulttoperformvirtually.Junioremployeesmayalsoreceivelesscoachingiftheyinteractwithothersfromhome.Somebossesarguethatthiswillharmtheircompany’sculture,asnewemployeesdon’tabsorbitandoldonesforgetit.Mr.JassywrotethatAmazon’sculturehasbeenoneofthemostcriticalpartsofitssuccess,andthatit’seasierforourteammatestolearn,practise,andstrengthenitwhenworkingtogetherintheoffice.Fornow,investorsseemtobewithholdingjudgment.IfMr.Jassyisright,thatmaysoonchange.12.WhatdidtheAmazonworkercomplainaboutonBlind?13.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?14.What’sJassy’sattitudetowardsorderingemployeestoreturntotheoffice?15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?5、Wegetfrustratedallthetime.Thelinewon’tmove.TheWiFiwon’twork.Fromlife’sbiggestgoalstoitstiniestannoyances,frustrationisinourdailylife.

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Unlikeanger,whichoftentargetsanexternalcause,orstresswhichcanarisefromtoomanydemands,frustrationhappenswhenthingsarenotprogressinginthewayyouanticipate.Nowscientistsareuncoveringitssurprisingupside.Frustrationcanbetransformedintomotivation,pushingpeopletooptimizesolutionstoovercomedifficulties.Sohowcanweemploytheunexpectedupsidesoffeelingfrustrated?·

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Insteadofseeingfrustrationasfailure,viewitasevidencethatyou’rebeingchallengedattherightlevel.Forexample,academictestswillgrowmoredifficultasyouperformbetter—that’sbecauseyouaregoodenough.

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·Acknowledgeobstaclestobefunctional.Thefirststepisbeingawarethateverythinghasroadblocks—work,learninganewhobby,orevenre-learningtheskillyouoncemastered.Frustrationisaninputto(notasideeffectof)ourpursuits.

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Ifyouknowthisinadvance,youwillanticipateobstacles,whichcanmotivateself-growth,especiallywhenyouaretoldtheyarenecessarypartsofprogress.·Analyzethesignalfromthesituation.Whenfacedwithfrustration,trytoanalyzethesignalconveyedbythesituation.Thisinitialanalysishelpsyouavoidbeingoverwhelmedbynegativeemotions.

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Inthisway,frustrationisnolongeraroadblockbutasteppingstonetowardpersonalgrowth.Keepinmindthatbyreflectingontheobstacles,learningfromtheexperienceandapplyingthegainedknowledgetosubsequentchallenges,youcantrulybenefitfromfrustration.二、完形填空6、RainbegantopourdownasmyhusbandMarkandIleftalovelyPhiladelphiarestaurant.Purseinonehand,dinnerleftoversintheother,we

towardtheparkinglotandjumpedintoourcar.Aswepulledout,webothnoticedacouple

alongintherain.Thewomanwaspushingtheman,whowasinawheelchair.Althoughthenightwascoldandwet,neitherwasdressed

.Wedroveslowlybythem,eachofus

wecouldhelp.Butourcarwassmall;wecouldn’t

bothofthemintheback.Itwas

inthecar.Suddenly,myhusbandmadeaquickleftandthenanother.Iunderstoodhewas

andlookingforthecouple,butIdidn’tknowwhy.Uponseeingthem,Markpulledover,wentbacktothetrunkandbroughtoutmybig,brand-new

.He’dnoticeditwhenweopenedthetrunkearlier.He

thecoupleinthepouringrain,handedittothemanandsmiledathimwithoutsayingaword.Thenwedroveaway.Ismiledwith

whenIlookedbackatthetwostrangersunderthehugeumbrellaandI’dneverforgetthe

looksontheirfaces.Marknevertolda

aboutthis.Butthatevent

withmenow,andIfindmyselflookingfor

tohelpothersoutevenwhenitseemsthatIamnotina

tohelp,becauseIknowsomelittleactionItakecanmakeadifference.62.63.64.65.66.67.68.69.70.71.72.73.74.75.三、语法填空7、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sforeignpolicyhasalwaysbeenguidedbytheprincipleofpeaceandmutualrespect.Recently,it

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(become)increasinglyfocusedonbuildingacommunitywitha

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(share)futureformankind.Thisvisionemphasizestheinterconnectednessofallnationsandtheneedforcooperationandcollaborationin

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(address)globalchallenges.TheChinesegovernmentbelievesthatbyworkingtogether,nationscanovercomedifferencesandachievecommongoals.ItadvocatesformultilateralismandstronglysupportstheUnitedNationsandotherinternationalorganizationsinmaintainingworldpeaceandsecurity.Chinaalsoactivelyparticipatesinglobal

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(economy)cooperation,promotingtradeandinvestmentthatbenefitsallparties

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(involve).Inadditiontoitsfocusonglobalissues,China’sforeignpolicyalsoemphasizestheimportanceofstrengtheningtieswithneighboringcountries.Ithasestablishedstrategicpartnershipswithseveralcountriesintheregion,

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(aim)toenhancemutualunderstandingandcooperation.Throughthesepartnerships,Chinahasbeenabletoprovideassistanceandsupportinareassuchasinfrastructuredevelopment,education,andhealthcare.ThisassistancenotonlyhelpsneighboringcountriesbutalsostrengthensChina’spositionas

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responsibleglobalpower.China’sforeignpolicyisrooted

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thebeliefthatcooperationandcollaborationareessentialforresolvingglobalchallenges.ThisvisionreflectsChina’sdesireforamorepeacefulandprosperousworld,onein

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allnationscancoexist

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(harmony)andshareinthebenefitsofglobalization.Bypromotingthisvision,Chinahopestoinspireothernationstojoinintheeffortandworktogetherforthebestofallhumanity.Byworkingtogether,nationscancreateamorepeaceful,prosperous,andinclusiveworldforfuturegenerations.四、书信写作8、数字原住民（DigitalNative）指和高科技一起诞生、学习生活、长大成人者。某英文网站就“数字原住民是AI的受益者还是受害者”这一话题，征集大家的看法。假定你是李华，请向该网站写一篇英文投稿，内容包括：(1)你的看法；(2)说明理由。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Deareditor,I’mwritingtosharemyopinionwithyou.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达9、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文.Aftersixhoursoffishing,JohnFranklinandhissisterJanewerereadytocallitaday.Itwas7pm.Thesummersunwassetting,andthefisheshadstoppedbiting.ButJane’s12-year-oldsonConradwashavingsomuchfunthathebegged“Let’sdojustonemorerun,”Sincethemildweatherwasholdingout,whynot?Johnturnedtheboataroundandheadedback.Yet,youneverknew.Theyhadn’tevencasttheirlineswhenthewindpickedupsuddenly.Roughwavesbeganbattlingagainstthelittleboat.“Checkyourlifejacketsandholdtheboat!”Johnshouted,AsJaneandhersonwereonthepointofscreaming,twobigwavesrolledover,onerightaftertheother.Withinafewseconds,theboattipped(倾斜).Backwardandturnedover,throwingthreeofthemintothewater.Outoftheworst,theluckiestthingwasthattheyhadlifejacketsonandtheboatdidn’tsinkimmediately.Everyonegrabbedontoit.“Let’sgetbackintheboat,Mommy,”Conradcried,tremblingwithfear.“Don’tpanic.Peopleknowwe’reouthere,”Janecomfortedhim.“They’llsendhelpsoon.”Treading(踩)thewater,theadultsexchangedworriedlooks.Theywerefloatinginthemiddleofnowhere.“Iknewwewereinatightspot,”saidJohn,athird-generationcommercialfishermanwho,likeJane,hadbeenraisedonthebay.Whenastrongwindblewthroughabouthalfanhourwithnosignofdyingdown,theyhadtomakesomedecisions.IthadbeenaperfectJulyday,withthewateratatemperate20degreescentigrade,buteveryonewascoldby9pm.Iftheyweren’trescuedsoon,theymightnotsurvivethenight,Johnrecognized,buttheclosestshorelinewasaboutthreemilesaway,starredbyonlyafewglowinghouselights.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.Lookingatthelightsinthedistance,Johnaskedhissisterinalowvoice,“ShouldIdoit?”___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aboutthreehourslater,Johnreachedtheshorelineandsawthehouseinlights.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1、【正确答案】1．C2．C3．A;【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐四本关于人工智能的书籍，分别探讨AI与人类价值、超级智能世界、通用算法及超越人类智能的风险，并可在Blinkist获取核心内容。1．细节理解题。根据《HumanCompatible》中“Russell,oneoftheworld’sleadingresearchersinthefield,exploresthechallengeofdevelopingartificialintelligencesystemsaligned(与……一致)withhumanvaluesandinterests.(鲁斯比特是该领域全球顶尖的研究人员之一，他探讨了如何开发与人类价值观和利益相一致的人工智能系统这一挑战。)”可知，《HumanCompatible》这本书探讨如何开发与人类价值观和利益一致的人工智能系统。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据《TheMasterAlgorithm》中“Isthereasinglealgorithm(算法)thatcanobtainallknowledgefromdata?LeadingmachinelearningresearcherPedroDomingosprovidesanengaginglookatthequesttofinda“masteralgorithm”thatcanfuelartificialgeneralintelligence.GetthekeyideasonBlinkistinjust21minutes.(是否存在一种单一的算法能够从数据中获取所有知识？知名机器学习研究者佩德罗·多明戈斯以生动的方式探讨了寻找“通用算法”的探索过程，该算法有望推动人工通用智能的发展。在Blinkist上仅需21分钟即可获取关键观点。)”可知，作者佩德罗·多明戈斯探讨了寻找单一通用算法的问题。故选C项。3．细节理解题。通读全文可知，四本书的介绍末尾都提到“GetthekeyideasonBlinkistinjust…minutes(在Blinkist上，仅需……分钟即可掌握关键要点。)”说明它们都可以在Blinkist上获取。故选A项。2、【正确答案】12．D13．C14．A15．C;【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述环保组织通过重建生态系统让伦敦哈克尼沼泽地野生动物回归的故事。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Allhevolunteershadbeenonedgerealizingtheincreasinglyurgentproblem.Now,allpaidoff.IanPhillips,anecologistaswellasoneofthevolunteers,said,“Itfinallyhappened.Itwasabsolutelyacomfortandpleasuretoseeeverythingfallintoplace.”(所有志愿者都曾因意识到这个日益紧迫的问题而焦虑不安。如今，一切努力都有了回报。生态学家兼志愿者之一的伊恩・菲利普斯（IanPhillips）说：“这终于实现了。看到一切步入正轨，绝对是一种安慰和乐趣。”)”可知，菲利普斯的感受从紧张变为宽慰。故选D项。13．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Weaselsleftthehabitat,andthatinturnimpactedthepopulationofatypeoflocalbind,“It’slikeaclassicsortofbuildingblockgame—ifyoupullanypieceoutofthelocalecosystem,everythingcancollapse,”hesaid.(鼬离开了这片栖息地，这进而影响了当地一种鸟类的种群数量。“这就像一个经典的积木游戏——如果你从当地生态系统中抽出任何一块，一切都可能崩塌，”他说。)”可知，菲利普斯的话暗示生态系统中的每个物种都至关重要。故选C项。14．主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Thedepartureofwildliferesultedmainlyfromlargernumbersofvisitorsandhouseboaterstakinglogsfromtheareatouseforfirewood.Whilethesegatheringsmadetheheadlines,theloudnoiseandlogburningcausedgreatdisturbancetolocalspecies,drivingkingfishersandsmallbirdstoabandontheirnests.AriseindogownershipalsoposedathreattoHackneyMarshes’mammals.(野生动物的离去主要源于大量游客和房船使用者从该区域砍伐原木用作柴火。尽管这些聚集活动成为了头条新闻，但巨大的噪音和焚烧原木的行为对当地物种造成了严重干扰，致使翠鸟和小型鸟类放弃了它们的巢穴。此外，养狗数量的增加也对哈克尼湿地（HackneyMarshes）的哺乳动物构成了威胁。)”可知，第四段主要谈论野生动物消失的原因。故选A项。15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Therewilderssaidthey’reworkingtoexpandtheireffortsacrosstheregionintoMillfieldsParkandLondonFields.Theyarealsoactivelytrainingcouncilstafftohelpthemrecoverspeciesinthewiderarea.(野生动物保护者表示，他们正致力于将保护工作从该区域拓展至米尔菲尔德公园（MillfieldsPark）和伦敦田野（LondonFields）。他们还在积极培训市政工作人员，以协助其在更广泛的区域内开展物种恢复工作。)”可知，野生动物保护者正试图在更多地区恢复生物多样性。故选C项。3、【正确答案】8．A9．B10．C11．D;【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对动物是否具有“心智理论(theoryofmind)”的研究，特别是通过约翰斯·霍普金斯大学猿类计划(ApeInitiative)的一项实验，发现倭黑猩猩可能具备这种能力。8．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Theabilitytothinkaboutwhatothersarethinking,knownas“theoryofmind”,isacrucialaspectofhumaninteractionandcooperation.(能够揣摩他人想法的能力，即所谓的“心智理论”，是人类交流与合作的关键要素。)”以及划线单词句中“Scientistshavelongbeen…ifanimalssharethiscapability.(科学家们一直对动物是否具备这种能力……。)”由此可知，科学家们长期以来一直对动物是否具有人类互动和合作中至关重要的“心智理论”能力感到好奇。故可猜测intrigued的意思是“好奇的”，与A选项curious“好奇的”意思相近。故选A项。9．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Intheexperiment,scientistLukeTownrowsatacrossfromabonobowhileanotherscientisthidasmallsnackunderoneofthreeinverted(使倒置)cups.ThebonobowitnessedthehidingprocessbutMrTownrowwasonlyabletoseethecupshalfthetime.WhenMrTownrowcouldn’tseewherethesnackwashidden,hewouldactconfusedandask,“Hmm,whereisthegrape?”beforewaitingfor10seconds.(在实验中，科学家卢克·汤罗站在一只倭黑猩猩对面，而另一位科学家将一小块零食藏在三个倒置的杯子中的一只下面。这只倭黑猩猩目睹了藏零食的过程，但汤罗先生只有半数时间能看到杯子的位置。当汤罗先生无法看到零食藏在哪里时，他会显得困惑并问道：“嗯，葡萄在哪里？”然后等待10秒钟。)”可知，这段主要关注的是实验过程。故选B项。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“TheresultsshowedthatwhenMrTownrowlackedknowledgeofthesnack’slocation,thebonobospointedtothecorrectcupmorequicklyandfrequently.ThisbehaviourindicatesthatthebonoboswereawareofMrTownrow’sknowledgestateandadaptedtheirresponsesaccordingly.(实验结果表明，当汤罗先生不了解零食的位置时，倭黑猩猩指向正确杯子的速度更快、更频繁。这种行为表明，倭黑猩猩能够了解汤罗先生的知识状态，并相应地调整自己的反应。)”实验结果描述，当汤罗先生不知道零食藏在哪里时，倭黑猩猩能更快速且频繁地指向正确的杯子。这表明它们知道汤罗先生的知识状态并相应地调整了反应。由此可以得出结论，倭黑猩猩确实具有类似人类的“心智理论”。故选C项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furtherresearchwithlargergroupsandwildbonoboscouldprovidedeeperinsightsintotheextentandevolutionofthiscognitiveabilityinanimals.(对更大规模群体和野生倭黑猩猩的进一步研究可能会为我们提供关于这种认知能力在动物中的范围和进化的更深入见解。)”表明科学家认为这个实验虽然有局限性，但为未来的研究提供了一个起点，未来可以通过更大规模的研究和野生倭黑猩猩的研究来更深入地了解动物的这种认知能力。所以科学家可能将这个实验视为未来研究的起点。故选D项。4、【正确答案】12．C13．D14．A15．D;【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了亚马逊公司要求员工每周五天回到办公室工作引发的员工反应、行业趋势、老板们的观点以及投资者的态度。12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段““Myenthusiasmforthisjobistotallygone,”anAmazonworkerrecentlywroteonBlind,anonlineforumwhereemployeescomplainabouttheiremployers.AllthishappenedafterAndyJassy,thetechgiant’sboss,sentaletterthatorderedstaffbacktotheofficefivedaysaweekinsteadofthepreviousthreedays.(“我对这份工作的热情完全没了。”一位亚马逊员工最近在Blind（一个供员工吐槽雇主的在线论坛）上写道。这一切都源于科技巨头亚马逊的老板AndyJassy发出的一封信，信中要求员工每周需返回办公室工作五天，而不是此前的三天。)”可知，员工抱怨的是每周需五天回办公室工作的要求。故选C。13．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Manybossesbelievehavingemployeesintheofficeleadstobetterperformance.Plentyofstudiessuggestthatremoteemployeesarelessproductive.There’slessevidence,though,thatlettingstaffworkfromhomeacoupleofdaysaweekhasanegativeeffectonperformance.ArandomtrialatanonlinetravelagencybyNickBloomofStanfordUniversityfoundnodifferenceinperformancebetweenhybridworkersandthosewhoworkedentirelyfromtheoffice.(许多老板认为，员工在办公室办公能带来更好的工作表现。大量研究表明，远程办公的员工工作效率较低。然而，并没有太多证据表明，每周让员工在家工作几天会对工作表现产生负面影响。斯坦福大学的NickBloom在一家在线旅行社进行的随机试验发现，混合办公（部分时间在家办公）的员工与完全在办公室办公的员工在工作表现上并无差异。)”可推测，该段一方面提到有研究表明远程办公效率低，但又指出每周几天在家办公对绩效无负面影响，还通过试验说明混合办公和完全在办公室办公表现无差异，说明工作模式对工作效率的影响并非泾渭分明。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Mr.JassywrotethatAmazon’sculturehasbeenoneofthemostcriticalpartsofitssuccess,andthatit’seasierforourteammatestolearn,practise,andstrengthenitwhenworkingtogetherintheoffice.(Jassy先生写道，亚马逊的文化一直是其成功的关键因素之一，当团队成员在办公室一起工作时，他们更容易学习、践行并强化这种文化。)”可知，Jassy认为员工在办公室一起工作更容易学习、践行并强化公司文化，而公司文化是成功关键因素之一，所以他对要求员工回办公室工作是支持的态度。故选A。15．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Amazonisn’talonetolimitremotework.ArecentglobalsurveybyKPMG,anotherprofessional-servicesfirm,foundthatfour-fifthsofbossesexpectareturntotheofficefivedaysaweekwithinthreeyears.Thechangeinsometech,financialandprofessional-servicesfirmsismoredramatic.(亚马逊并非唯一限制远程办公的公司。另一家专业服务公司毕马威（KPMG）近期开展的一项全球调查发现，五分之四的老板希望员工在三年内恢复每周五天的办公室工作模式。一些科技、金融和专业服务公司的这一转变更为显著。)”，最后一段“Fornow,investorsseemtobewithholdingjudgment.IfMr.Jassyisright,thatmaysoonchange.(目前，投资者似乎还在观望。如果Jassy先生是正确的，这种情况可能很快就会改变。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章开头以亚马逊要求员工增加办公室工作天数引发员工抱怨为例，接着阐述了其他公司类似限制远程工作的情况，以及老板要求员工回办公室工作的原因等，整体围绕员工可能要准备回到办公室工作展开。选项D“GetPreparedtoGobacktotheOfficetoWork”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。5、【正确答案】36．C37．A38．F39．E40．D;【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕挫败感展开，指出挫败感是日常生活中常见的情绪，同时区分了其与愤怒、压力的不同成因，揭示了挫败感能转化为动力的积极一面，并给出了从不同角度看待挫败感、正视障碍的功能性、分析处境传递的信号这三种利用挫败感积极作用的方法。36．下文“Unlikeanger,whichoftentargetsanexternalcause,orstresswhichcanarisefromtoomanydemands,frustrationhappenswhenthingsarenotprogressinginthewayyouanticipate.(与通常指向外部原因的愤怒，或是由过多需求引发的压力不同，挫败感产生于事情未按你预期的方式发展时。)”点明了挫败感与愤怒、压力的成因差异，明确了挫败感的产生原因。选项C“挫败感的存在是有原因的”，能够自然引出下文对挫败感产生原因的具体阐释。故选C。37．下文“Insteadofseeingfrustrationasfailure,viewitasevidencethatyou’rebeingchallengedattherightlevel.(不要把挫败感看作失败，而要将其视为你正面临恰当难度挑战的证明。)”核心强调要转变看待挫败感的视角，用积极的角度看待这种情绪，且本段为文章的第一个方法建议，需要主旨句统领内容。选项A“从不同的角度看待挫败感”，精准概括了下文的核心观点，作为本段主旨句，能够总领全段内容。故选A。38．上文“Forexample,academictestswillgrowmoredifficultasyouperformbetter—that’sbecauseyouaregoodenough.(例如，随着你表现越来越好，学科测试会变得更难——这是因为你足够优秀。)”以学科测试为例，说明挫败感的出现是因为自身能力提升面临了更高难度的挑战，并非是负面的失败信号。选项F“因此，这样的挣扎并非挫折，而是个人成长的证明”，通过“因此”承接上文的举例论证，对例子进行总结升华，进一步印证了要从积极角度看待挫败感的观点，与本段主旨相呼应。故选F。39．上文“Frustrationisaninputto(notasideeffectof)ourpursuits.(挫败感是我们追求目标过程中的一种投入，而非副作用。)”点明了挫败感在追求目标过程中的正向属性，下文“Ifyouknowthisinadvance,youwillanticipateobstacles,whichcanmotivateself-growth.(如果你提前明白这一点，就会预见障碍，这能推动自我成长。)”说明提前认知挫败感的属性会带来的积极影响。选项E“起初，这种情绪通常并不会让你感觉良好”，承接上文对挫败感属性的界定，同时客观说明挫败感本身的情绪感受，为下文提前认知其属性的重要性做铺垫。故选E。40．上文“Whenfacedwithfrustration,trytoanalyzethesignalconveyedbythesituation.Thisinitialanalysishelpsyouavoidbeingoverwhelmedbynegativeemotions.(面对挫败感时，试着分析处境所传递的信号。这种初步的分析能帮助你避免被负面情绪压垮。)”点明了面对挫败感时分析处境信号的做法，以及该做法的第一个积极作用——摆脱负面情绪的困扰。下文“Inthisway,frustrationisnolongeraroadblockbutasteppingstonetowardpersonalgrowth.(通过这种方式，挫败感不再是障碍，而是个人成长的垫脚石。)”说明该做法最终能实现的积极效果。选项D“此外，你还会将注意力集中在切实可行的解决办法上”，通过“此外”承接上文的第一个积极作用，进一步说明分析处境信号的第二个积极作用，同时为下文最终的积极效果做铺垫。故选D。6、【正确答案】61．D62．C63．C64．B65．A66．C67．D68．A69．B70．A71．B72．C73．B74．D75．D;【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者与丈夫在雨夜离开餐厅途中，偶遇一对在雨中艰难前行的残疾夫妇，丈夫做出暖心善举的故事。61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一手拿着钱包，一手拿着晚餐剩菜，我们冲向停车场并跳进车里。A.slid滑动；B.wandered漫步；C.marched行进；D.raced快速移动。根据上文“Rainbegantopourdown”可知，雨下得很大，急于躲雨，raced符合语境。故选D。62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们开车驶出时，都注意到一对夫妇在雨中艰难前行。A.waiting等待；B.sheltering躲避；C.struggling艰难前行；D.escaping逃跑。根据下文“Thewomanwaspushingtheman,whowasinawheelchair.”可知，推轮椅的女人和行动不便的男人在雨中行走非常困难，struggling符合语境。故选C。63．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管夜晚又冷又湿，但两人都穿得不够暖和。A.neatly整洁地；B.formally正式地；C.warmly温暖地；D.lightly轻便地。根据上文“Althoughthenightwascoldandwet”可知，他们没有穿得足够保暖，warmly符合语境。故选C。64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们慢慢开车经过他们身边，心里都希望能帮上忙。A.admitting承认；B.wishing希望；C.recalling回忆；D.doubting怀疑。根据上文“Wedroveslowly