贵州省毕节市高三下学期第四次适应性考试英语试题

毕节市2025届高三年级高考第四次适应性考试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATropicalEscapeonCoralIslandRelaxation&AdventurePackageWhyCoralIsland?Nestledinthetropicalocean,CoralIslandisaparadise.Itscrystalclearwatersarerichincolorfulcoralreefsanddiversemarinelife.Palmlinedsandybeachesofferaperfectspotherainforest,covering60%oftheisland,ishometotheuniquebird—CoralIslandFinch.Freefromurbannoise,itexudesalaidbackatmosphere.Withactivitiesforallages,suchassnorkelingandforesthikes,there’ssomethingforeveryone.Onland,youcanjoinguidedrainforesthikesorvillagetours.WhattoDo?Onthefirstday,we’llgreetyouattheairportandtakeyoutoyouracmodation.Intheevening,enjoyaweledinner.Onthesecondday,youcanchoosebetweensnorkelinginthemorningorgoingonaforesthike,thenrelaxorplaybeachvolleyballintheafternoon.Threedayguestscheckoutafterafinalswimondaythree.Fivedayguestscanexplorethevillage,trywindsurfing,andcontinuediscoveringfromdayfourtofive.AcmodationChoices?Wecatertoeverybudget.OurBeachfrontBungalowsarelocatedrightonthebeach.Theyeequippedwithairconditioners,privatebaths,andfeatureoceanviewbalconies.OurInlandCabins,nestledinnature,arebudgetfriendly.Theyaresurroundedbythenaturalbeautyoftheislandandhavenearbysharedbathrooms.Theindividualpriceisasfollows:Fora3daystay:BeachfrontBungalow:$1,200,InlandCabin:$600Fora5daystay:BeachfrontBungalow:$1,800,InlandCabin:$900(A50%discountappliesforthoseunder18yearsold.)Thepricescoveryouracmodation,threedailymeals,andmostactivities.However,somespecializedwatersportsmaycosra.IfthistropicalescapeonCoralIslandhaswonyourheart,don’thesitate!Clickheretoregisterandembarkonanunforgettableadventure.1.WhatcanbefoundintherainforestofCoralIsland?A.CoralIslandFinch. B.Variousmarinelife.C.Colorfulcoralreefs. D.Palmlinedsandybeaches.2.WhatisthecharacteristicofBeachfrontBungalow?A.Theyaremoreaffordable. B.Theyhavesharedbathrooms.C.Theyarelocatedintherainforest. D.Theyhaveoceanviewbalconies.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TodescribethegeographyofCoralIsland. B.TopromoteatravelpackagetoCoralIsland.C.TodiscussactivitiesonCoralIsland. D.ToprovideahistoryofCoralIsland.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个去珊瑚岛旅行的套餐情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Therainforest,covering60%oftheisland,ishometotheuniquebird—CoralIslandFinch.(热带雨林覆盖了岛上60%的面积，是一种独特的鸟类——珊瑚岛雀的家园)”可知，珊瑚岛的雨林里有珊瑚岛雀。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“OurBeachfrontBungalowsarelocatedrightonthebeach.Theyeequippedwithairconditioners,privatebaths,andfeatureoceanviewbalconies.(我们的海滨平房坐落在海滩上。它们配备了空调，私人浴室，并设有海景阳台)”可知，海滨平房的特点是有海景阳台。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“TropicalEscapeonCoralIslandRelaxation&AdventurePackage(珊瑚岛上的热带之旅；休闲探险套餐)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个去珊瑚岛旅行的套餐情况。由此推知，文章的主要目的是推销去珊瑚岛的旅游套餐。故选B。BMyuncleGeorgelivesinahomewithafewotherpeoplelikehim.Hehasamentaldisability.Heisfondoflivinglikethat—nosmartphones,nointernet—somunicationislimitedtoinpersonvisitsandoldschoollandlinephonecalls.Inthepast,Georgewouldaskformyphonenumber,writeitdown,andcallrepeatedlyuntilhelostthepaper.Sixyearsago,hefinallymemorizedit.Nowadays,hecallsmeabout10timesadayfrom7a.m.to7p.m.everydaywithoutfail,butImayansweronlytwoofthosecalls.OurconversationsfollowoneofthreefantasyscenesGeorgecreates.Sometimeshe’smydadscoldingmeformymistakes.Othertimes,he’sMajorCharlesWinchesterfromaplayMASH,andI’mCaptainB.J.Hunnicutt.Orwe’rebothlifeguardsplanningarescue.HealwaystellsmeI’mthebestguyheknows,andIreplyhiminthesimilarway.HealwaysaskswhatI’meatingfordinner,orifI’mwatchingtheMetsgame,andwrapsuptellingmehe’llcallmebackataspecifictime.However,healwayscallsbackearlier.Thesecallshavebeenaconstantinmylifeforyears.Nomatterwhat’shappeningintheworldorhowI’mfeeling,theyprovideasenseofstability.Duringbreakupsorprofessionalsetbacks,theyofferanescape,lettingmelaughandfeellikeakidagain.Georgedoesn’tunderstandmyadultlife,butthatdoesn’tmatter.Hebringsenergy,loveandacceptanceeverytimehecalls.It’sagiftthathelpsmethroughtoughtimes.EvenwhenIfeellikeI’mdrowning,IknowIcancountonUncleGeorgetocallandtellmeI’mthebestguyheknows.Thissimpleactoflovemakesabigdifferenceinmylifeeveryday.4.WhatdoweknowaboutGeorge’slifestyle?A.Heishighlydependentontechnology.B.Heenjoysasimplelifewithoutmoderndevices.C.Heprefersamodernanddigitallifestyle.D.Heisnotinterestedinmunicatingwithothers.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGeorge?A.Independentandstrict.B.Forgetfulanddistant.C.Talkativeandloving.D.Modernandoutgoing.6.HowdothecallsfromGeorgebenefitthewriter?A.Theyofferemotionalsupportandrelieffromstress.B.Theyactasawaytolearnabouttheoutsideworld.C.Theycreateopportunitiesforsocialnetworking.D.Theyprovideachancetodiscussadultlife.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Thelifestyleofmyuncle.B.Thecharmingartonmunication.C.Theuniquelovefromroutinecalls.D.Thefamilybondinsociety.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有智力障碍的叔叔乔治以简单生活方式与作者交流，他频繁来电带来幻想场景对话，给作者带来稳定感和情感支持。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Heisfondoflivinglikethat—nosmartphones,nointernet—somunicationislimitedtoinpersonvisitsandoldschoollandlinephonecalls.(他喜欢那样的生活——没有智能手机，没有互联网——所以交流仅限于面对面拜访和老式的固定电话通话)”可知，乔治喜欢没有现代设备的简单生活。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nowadays,hecallsmeabout10timesadayfrom7a.m.to7p.m.everydaywithoutfail(如今，他每天从早上7点到晚上7点，每天都会给我打大约10次电话，从不间断)”以及“HealwaystellsmeI’mthebestguyheknows,andIreplyhiminthesimilarway.(他总是告诉我我是他认识的最棒的人，我也以同样的方式回应他)”可知，乔治很健谈(talkative)，并且充满了爱(loving)。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Duringbreakupsorprofessionalsetbacks,theyofferanescape,lettingmelaughandfeellikeakidagain.(在分手或事业受挫时，这些电话让我得以逃避，让我再次开怀大笑，感觉像个孩子)”可知，乔治的电话为作者提供了情感支持，缓解了压力。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“Hebringsenergy,loveandacceptanceeverytimehecalls.It’sagiftthathelpsmethroughtoughtimes.(他每次打电话都带来活力、爱和接纳。这是一份帮助我度过艰难时期的礼物)”可知，本文主要讲述了乔治日常打来的电话中蕴含的独特的爱。故C项“日常电话中的独特爱”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。CSnoring(打鼾)issomethingnearlyhalfofadultshavebeenexperiencing.Whileoftenjustaminorannoyance,itcansometimesindicatesleepapnea(睡眠呼吸暂停),aseriousbreathingdisorder.IntheU.S,around10%ofadults,approximately30millionindividuals,havesleepapnea,andglobally,thenumberreachesaboutabillion.Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA),isthemostprevalenttype,whichcaneasilybefoundamongthoseindividuals.Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA)occurswhenthroatmusclesoverrelaxduringsleep,narrowingorclosingtheairway.Thisleadstosnoring,shallowbreathing,andpausesinbreathing,followedbygaspingforair.Suchdisruptedbreathingatnightpreventsthebrainfromgettingnecessaryoxygenandresultsinthebody’sgettinginadequatesleep.Ageandweightarealsotheriskfactorsforsleepapnea,butanyone,regardlessofageorbodysize,candevelopit.Otherriskfactorsincludesmoking,havingathickneckornarrowthroat,familyhistory,alcoholorsedativeuse,andcertainmedicalconditionslikeheartorkidneyfailureandendocrinedisorders.Formildcasesinoverweightindividuals,lifestylechangescansometimeseasesleepapnea,likeimprovingdietandswitchingsleeppositions.Whenpatientsareinhospital,themostfunction.WithaCPAPmachine,whichisamasktopreventthethroatfromcollapsing.OtheroptionsincludedifferenttypesofPAPmachines,oralappliancesmadebycertifieddentists,andsurgeries.Researchersareexploringnewmeasures,whichhaveshowneffectivenessinhealingsleepapneaandareunderFDAconsideration.Othertrialsareevaluatingnewdrugsanddevelopingdevicestostimulatetonguemusclesduringthedayforbetternighttimefunction.Withmanyoptionsavailable,nooneshouldmissoutagoodnight’ssleepduetosleepapnea.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prevalent”inparagraph1mean?A.plicated. B.Serious. C.mon. D.Deadly.9.WhatisthedirectcauseofOSA?A.Smokinganddrinkinghabit.B.Familyhistoryofapnea.C.Heartorkidneyissues.D.Overrelaxedthroatmuscles.10.Whichofthefollowingmaybeattheleastriskofsleepappea?A.Ayoungnonsmokerwithacold.B.Ateenagerwithanarrowthroat.C.Afatoldmanwithregulardrinks.D.Ayoungwomanwithfamilyhistory.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecausesofsleepapnea.B.Thetreatmentsforsleepappea.C.Thesymptomsofsleepapnea.D.Theoptionsforsleepapnea.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述打鼾可能预示睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA），其病因、风险因素明确，现有多种治疗方式，患者不应因之错过好觉。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA),isthemostprevalenttype,whichcaneasilybefoundamongthoseindividuals.(梗阻性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是最prevalent的类型，在这些人群中很容易发现。)”并结合“easilybefound”可知，这里指OSA是最常见的类型。所以prevalent得意思是“常见的”。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA)occurswhenthroatmusclesoverrelaxduringsleep,narrowingorclosingtheairway.(梗阻性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）发生在睡眠时喉咙肌肉过度放松，导致气道变窄或关闭。)”可知，OSA的直接原因是喉咙肌肉过度放松。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ageandweightarealsotheriskfactorsforsleepapnea,butanyone,regardlessofageorbodysize,candevelopit.Otherriskfactorsincludesmoking,havingathickneckornarrowthroat,familyhistory,alcoholorsedativeuse,andcertainmedicalconditionslikeheartorkidneyfailureandendocrinedisorders.(年龄和体重也是引发睡眠呼吸暂停的风险因素，但任何人，无论年龄或体型如何，都有可能患上这种疾病。其他风险因素包括吸烟、颈部粗短或喉咙狭窄、家族病史、饮酒或使用镇静剂，以及某些疾病（如心脏或肾脏衰竭、内分泌失调）。)并结合选项可知：A选项（年轻、不吸烟、患感冒）：无年龄、体重、吸烟、家族史等风险因素，感冒非核心风险因素；B选项（青少年、喉咙窄）：喉咙窄是风险因素；C选项（肥胖、老年、饮酒）：年龄、体重、饮酒均为风险因素；D选项（年轻女性、家族史）：家族史是风险因素。综上，A选项风险因素最少。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Formildcasesinoverweightindividuals,lifestylechangescansometimeseasesleepapnea,likeimprovingdietandswitchingsleeppositions.Whenpatientsareinhospital,themostmonoptionisaCPAPmachine,whichisamasktopreventthethroatfromcollapsing.OtheroptionsincludedifferenttypesofPAPmachines,oralappliancesmadebycertifieddentists,andsurgeries.Researchersareexploringnewmeasures,whichhaveshowneffectivenessinhealingsleepapneaandareunderFDAconsideration.Othertrialsareevaluatingnewdrugsanddevelopingdevicestostimulatetonguemusclesduringthedayforbetternighttimefunction.Withmanyoptionsavailable,nooneshouldmissoutagoodnight’ssleepduetosleepapnea.(对于轻度超重的人来说，改变生活方式有时可以缓解睡眠呼吸暂停，比如改善饮食和改变睡眠姿势。当病人住院时，最常见的选择是CPAP机器，这是一个防止喉咙塌陷的口罩。其他选择包括不同类型的PAP机器，由认证牙医制作的口腔用具和手术。研究人员正在探索新的措施，这些措施已经显示出治疗睡眠呼吸暂停的有效性，并正在FDA的考虑中。其他试验正在评估新药，并开发在白天刺激舌头肌肉以改善夜间功能的设备。有了很多选择，任何人都不应该因为睡眠呼吸暂停而错过一个美好的夜晚)”可知，本段围绕睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗方式展开。故选B项。DInculturesacrosstheglobe,toyshavebeenusedtoeducatechildrenabouttheirsocialnormsandvalues.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatthetypeoftoysprovidedtochildrenmayhavehadfarreachingconsequences,potentiallyevencontributingtothedeclineoftheNorsesettlerswhomigratedfromIcelandtoGreenland.TheNorseestablishedtheirsettlementsinGreenlandin985andkeptrichandstrongforseveralcenturies,onlytoabandonthelandby1400.Insharpcontrast,theInuitpeople,whoarrivedaround1000,managedtosurvivelongaftertheNorsehaddeparted.Thisstrikingdifferencehasarousedarchaeologists’interestfordecades.Onehypothesis(假设)isthattheNorsefailedtoaddmoreseafoodtotheirdietasagriculturalconditionsfellworse.Yet,dentalstudiesindicatethattheNorsedidturntomarineresourcesfornutrition.WhilearchaeologistsagreethattheInuitadaptedsuccessfullytotheirenvironmentandtheNorsedidnot,theunderlyingreasonshaveremainedunknown.Recently,aresearchontoysdiscoveredthismystery.Researcherscarefullyexaminedtoysfrombothcultures.TheirfindingsrevealedthattheInuitchildrennotonlyhadmoretoysavailabletothem,butalsothesetoysweremorediverse.Mostimportantly,itwasfoundthatthedifferencesinthenumberanddiversityoftoyshadgrowngreatlyovertime.Astheyearswentby,innovativetoysassociatedwithhuntingatseabecamemoremonamongtheInuit,buttheNorsecontinuedtogivetheirchildrentraditionalfiguresofhorsesandbirds.Infact,theresearcherssaidtheNorsewereadaptingtheirlivestotheirnewenvironmentbutcontinuingtogiftoldfashionedtoys.ThoughthelackoftoysmayindicatethattheNorsewerelesscreativefromthestart,theresearchersarguethattheirtendencytogiveirrelevanttoysledtoanyinitiallackofcreativityandultimatelyreducedtheirchancesofsurvival.Incontrast,theInuit’spreferencefordiverseandrelevanttoyspavedthewayfortheirchildrentobemoreinnovativeandadaptive.Thisservesasareminderofthefarreachingimpactwhichculturalartifactscanhaveonsocialadaptation.Alessonforparentsifevertherewasone.12.What’sthefunctionoftoysincultures?A.Todisplaythewealthofsettlers.BToserveasaneducationaltool.C.Toofferchildhoodentertainment.D.Toeducatechildrenaboutmaths.13.Whatmaycausearchaeologists’interest?A.Thedifferenceintheadaptationtoseafood.B.Thedifferentmarineresourcesfornutrition.C.Thedifferenttoysofthetwocultures.D.Thedifferenceinthesurvivaloftwocultures.14.Inwhataspectsdidthetoysmainlydifferintwocultures?A.Thediversityandadaptability.B.Thedurabilityandsafety.C.Thenumbersandcolors.D.Thefunctionandimportance.15.Whatlessoncanparentsdrawfromthestudy?A.Parentsshouldlimitthenumberanddiversityoftoys.B.Traditionaltoysarealwaysthebestoptionforchildren.C.Thechoiceoftoyscaninfluencechildren’screativity.D.Parentsshouldavoidtoysrelatedtohuntingorseathemes.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球文化中玩具具有教育功能，通过研究格陵兰岛的挪威人和因纽特人玩具的差异，揭示玩具对孩子创造力及社会适应能力的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inculturesacrosstheglobe,toyshavebeenusedtoeducatechildrenabouttheirsocialnormsandvalues.(在全球的文化中，玩具一直被用来教育孩子们了解他们的社会规范和价值观)”可知，在文化中玩具的功能是作为一种教育工具。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheNorseestablishedtheirsettlementsinGreenlandin985andkeptrichandstrongforseveralcenturies,onlytoabandonthelandby1400.Insharpcontrast,theInuitpeople,whoarrivedaround1000,managedtosurvivelongaftertheNorsehaddeparted.Thisstrikingdifferencehasarousedarchaeologists’interestfordecades.(挪威人于985年在格陵兰岛建立了定居点，并繁荣强盛了几个世纪，到1400年却放弃了这片土地。与之形成鲜明对比的是，大约在1000年左右到来的因纽特人，在挪威人离开后很久仍设法生存了下来。这种显著的差异几十年来一直引起考古学家的兴趣)”可知，两种文化在生存情况上的差异可能引起了考古学家的兴趣。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“TheirfindingsrevealedthattheInuitchildrennotonlyhadmoretoysavailabletothem,butalsothesetoysweremorediverse.Mostimportantly,itwasfoundthatthedifferencesinthenumberanddiversityoftoyshadgrowngreatlyovertime.Astheyearswentby,innovativetoysassociatedwithhuntingatseabecamemoremonamongtheInuit,buttheNorsecontinuedtogivetheirchildrentraditionalfiguresofhorsesandbirds.(他们的研究结果显示，因纽特儿童不仅拥有更多的玩具，而且这些玩具更加多样化。最重要的是，人们发现随着时间的推移，玩具在数量和多样性上的差异变得越来越大。随着岁月的流逝，与海上狩猎相关的创新玩具在因纽特人中变得越来越普遍，但挪威人仍然给他们的孩子传统的马和鸟的玩偶)”可知，两种文化的玩具主要在多样性和适应性方面存在差异。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“ThoughthelackoftoysmayindicatethattheNorsewerelesscreativefromthestart,theresearchersarguethattheirtendencytogiveirrelevanttoysledtoanyinitiallackofcreativityandultimatelyreducedtheirchancesofsurvival.Incontrast,theInuit’spreferencefordiverseandrelevanttoyspavedthewayfortheirchildrentobemoreinnovativeandadaptive.(虽然玩具的缺乏可能表明挪威人从一开始就缺乏创造力，但研究人员认为，他们倾向于给孩子不相关的玩具导致了最初的创造力不足，并最终降低了他们的生存机会。相比之下，因纽特人对多样化且相关玩具的偏好为他们的孩子更具创新和适应能力铺平了道路)”可知，研究发现，挪威人给孩子不相关的玩具导致了孩子最初的创造力不足，而因纽特人对多样化且相关玩具的偏好为他们的孩子更具创新和适应能力铺平了道路。由此推知，父母可以从这项研究中学到玩具的选择会影响孩子的创造力。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforFindingOurLifePurposeSomepeoplehavespentmostoftheirlifeandprofessionalcareerwonderingwhatlifepurposemeansand,moreimportantly,howonefindsandfulfillsit.____16____HereiswhatIhavelearnedsofaralongtheway.____17____Forwhateverreason,weallfeelpassionateaboutcertainthingsinlife.Inordertoliveourlifepurpose,wemustbeepletelyabsorbedinwhateveritis,whichmeansitmustbesomethingwearepassionateabout.Otherwise,wewillbeforcedtodosomethingthatultimatelymakesusmiserableandangry,inwhichcaseitwillbeimpossibletoperformatthehighestlevel.Dowhatmakesushappy.Realizingourlifepurposewillundoubtedlybringusjoyandasenseofpersonalfulfillment.Askaroomfulofpeoplewhatthemeaningoflifeisandmostanswerswillebacktohappiness.____18____Theansweristhatweshouldbemittedtolivinginpursuitofourlifepurpose.Focusonwhatwecancontrol.IfthereisonelessonIhavelearnedrepeatedlyinmylife,itisthatthereisonlyonethingwecancontrol:effort.Nomatterhowhardwetry,nomatterhowmuchouractionsmaybebasedonintendedorexpectedoutes,weabsolutelycan’tcontroltheresultsofouractions.____19____Embraceourcreativity.____20____Thosetwoponents,originalityandvalue,makeupthedefinitionofcreativity.Ofcourse,whenwefocusoncultivatingourtalentsanddevoteourselvestowhatwearepassionateabout,creativityeseasily.A.Pursueourpassions.B.Followourinnervoice.C.Allthatwecandoinlifeismakeeveryeffort.D.Manyofuswonderhowwecangethappiness.E.Asforme,ithasbeenalongjourneygettingtothispoint.F.Whatwecandoinlifeistoaccepttheconsequencepassively.G.Wecanproducesomethingthatisbothoriginalandofvaluetotheworld.【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何寻找并实现我们的人生目标。【16题详解】根据上文“Somepeoplehavespentmostoftheirlifeandprofessionalcareerwonderingwhatlifepurposemeansand,moreimportantly,howonefindsandfulfillsit.(有些人一生和职业生涯的大部分时间都在思考人生目标的意义，更重要的是，如何找到并实现它。)”和下文“HereiswhatIhavelearnedsofaralongtheway.(这是到目前为止我在这一路上所学到的。)”可知，空处应该是在描述作者对于寻找人生目标的个人经历或感受，选项E“对我来说，达到这一点是一个漫长的旅程”符合语境，选项E中的“thispoint”指代上文的“howonefindsandfulfillsit”。故选E。【17题详解】根据下文“Forwhateverreason,weallfeelpassionateaboutcertainthingsinlife.(无论出于什么原因，我们都对生活中的某些事情充满热情。)”可知，空处应该是在建议我们要追求自己的激情，选项A“追求我们的激情”符合语境，且可引出下文。故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Askaroomfulofpeoplewhatthemeaningoflifeisandmostanswerswillebacktohappiness.(问一屋子人生命的意义是什么，大多数答案都会回到幸福上。)”和下文“Theansweristhatweshouldbemittedtolivinginpursuitofourlifepurpose.(答案是我们应该致力于追求我们的人生目标。)”可知，空处应该是在描述人们对于如何获得幸福的困惑，选项D“我们中的许多人都想知道如何获得幸福”符合语境，选项D中的“happiness”可承接上文，且“howwecangethappiness”可引出下文的回答。故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Nomatterhowhardwetry,nomatterhowmuchouractionsmaybebasedonintendedorexpectedoutes,weabsolutelycan’tcontroltheresultsofouractions.(无论我们多么努力，无论我们的行为可能基于预期或期望的结果，我们都绝对无法控制我们行为的结果。)”可知，空处应该是在建议我们要尽一切努力专注于我们能控制的事情，选项C“我们一生中能做的就是尽一切努力”符合语境，选项C中的“makeeveryeffort”可承接上文。故选C。【20题详解】根据下文“Thosetwoponents,originalityandvalue,makeupthedefinitionofcreativity.(这两个组成部分，原创性和价值，构成了创造力的定义。)”可知，空处应该是在描述创造力的重要性或表现，选项G“我们可以创造出既原创又对世界有价值的东西”符合语境，选项G中的“originalandofvalue”可引出下文。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分；满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onceayear,BannisterclimbstoHighRockLookout,aviewpointnearAshford,Washington.LastAugust,Bannister,then79,wentonherown,figuringdespitethetrail’ssteepnessand____21____,she’dbefinebecauseshe’sa/an____22____hiker.Assheheadedbackdown,herfootgotcaughtinaholeintheground,causingherto____23____andbreakherleg.HearingBannister’scryingoutfor____24____,strangersapproachedandcalled911.Theyweretoldrescuewould____25____inatleastfivehours.Luckily,ayoungmanTroywithhisfriendLaytonofferedtotakethe____26____womantothebottomofthetrail.TroycarriedherformostofthenearlythreehourjourneyandLaytoncarriedhimforthe____27____.Others____28____aswell.Shortlyintothehike,Troygotblistersonthebottomofone____29____.Amanonthetrailsawthe____30____andgaveTroyhisshoes,thencontinuedoninhissocks.AcouplebandagedBannister’sfootanddidbreathingexerciseswithherto____31____her.Duringthelonghikedown,herrescuerssharedstoriesandaskedBannisteraboutherownlifeto____32____herfromthemountingpain.Oncetheyreachedtheparkinglot,Bannisterwasquickly____33____totheTaaGeneralHospital.Duringherrecovery,therescuers____34____Bannisterseveraltimes.Shefeltadeepsenseof____35____andbelievedtheywouldremainfriendsforever.21.A.depth B.difficulty C.width D.quietness22.A.outgoing B.dependent C.experienced D.famous23.A.fall B.sit C.jump D.stay24.A.pain B.safety C.chance D.help25.A.arrive B.send C.get D.need26.A.injured B.frightened C.surprised D.disappointed27.A.balance B.rest C.section D.pany28.A.tookout B.gaveout C.helpedout D.broughtout29.A.leg B.hand C.back D.foot30.A.hole B.location C.situation D.challenge31.A.amuse B.calm C.observe D.cure32.A.prevent B.discourage C.stop D.relieve33.A.pushed B.forced C.driven D.demanded34.A.taught B.missed C.restored D.visited35.A.happiness B.gratitude C.regret D.motivation【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.A27.B28.C29.D30.C31.B32.D33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。79岁徒步者班尼斯特受伤后，陌生人接力救援，途中众人热心相助，康复后她对救援者充满感激，结下友谊。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年八月，79岁的班尼斯特独自前往，她认为尽管这条小径陡峭且困难重重，但她是一名经验丰富的徒步旅行者，应该没问题。A.depth深度；B.difficulty困难；C.width宽度；D.quietness安静。根据上文“steepness”及语境可知，此处描述小径的陡峭和困难，与steepness并列。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。去年八月，79岁的班尼斯特独自前往，她认为尽管这条小径陡峭且困难重重，但她是一名经验丰富的徒步旅行者，应该没问题。A.outgoing外向的；B.dependent依赖的；C.experienced有经验的；D.famous著名的。根据上文“she’dbefine”可推断，她自信是因为有徒步经验。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她往回走时，脚被地上的一个洞卡住，导致她摔倒并摔断了腿。A.fall摔倒；B.sit坐下；C.jump跳跃；D.stay停留。根据下文“breakherleg”以及语境可知，她因脚被卡而摔倒。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到班尼斯特呼救，陌生人走近并拨打了911。A.pain痛苦；B.safety安全；C.chance机会；D.help帮助。根据下文“strangersapproachedandcalled911”以及语境可知，这里指听到班尼斯特呼救，人们才打救助电话，cryingoutforhelp，为固定搭配，意为“呼救”。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被告知救援至少需要五个小时才能到达。A.arrive到达；B.send发送；C.get获得；D.need需要。根据上文“rescue”及下文“inatleastfivehours”可知，此处指救援人员到达的时间。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一个叫特洛伊的年轻人和他的朋友莱顿主动提出把受伤的女士抬到小径底部。A.injured受伤的；B.frightened害怕的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.disappointed失望的。根据上文“breakherleg”可知，班尼斯特摔断腿，故为“受伤的”。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：特洛伊在近三个小时的行程中大部分时间都背着她，莱顿则在剩下的路程中背着他。A.balance平衡；B.rest剩余部分；C.section部分；D.pany陪伴。根据上文“Laytoncarriedhimforthe”以及语境可知，这里指莱顿则在剩下的路程中背着班尼斯特。fortherest，表示“剩下的（路程）”，符合语境。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：其他人也伸出了援手。A.tookout取出；B.gaveout分发；C.helpedout帮助；D.broughtout使显现。根据下文“gaveTroyhisshoes”以及语境可知，有人送鞋，所以这里指其他人也参与帮助。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：徒步不久，特洛伊的一只脚底起了水泡。A.leg腿；B.hand手；C.back背；D.foot脚。根据上文“bottomof”及下文“gaveTroyhisshoes”可知，水泡在脚底。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：小路上的一个男人看到了这种情况，把自己的鞋给了特洛伊，然后穿着袜子继续走。A.hole洞；B.location位置；C.situation情况；D.challenge挑战。根据上文“Troygotblistersonthebottomofone9.”以及语境可知，此处指特洛伊脚底起水泡的状况。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一对夫妇为班尼斯特的脚包扎，并和她一起做呼吸练习让她平静下来。A.amuse娱乐；B.calm使平静；C.observe观察；D.cure治愈。根据上文“didbreathingexerciseswithher”以及语境可知，受伤后做呼吸练习是为了缓解紧张，保持平静。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在漫长的下山途中，救援人员分享故事，并询问班尼斯特的生活，以减轻她越来越大的痛苦。A.prevent阻止；B.discourage使气馁；C.stop停止；D.relieve缓解。根据下文“herfromthemountingpain”以及语境可知，这里指通过聊天分散注意力，缓解疼痛。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一到达停车场，班尼斯特就被迅速送往塔科马综合医院。A.pushed推动；B.forced强迫；C.driven驾驶；D.demanded要求。根据下文“totheTaaGeneralHospital”以及语境可知，这里考查bedriventohospital，表示“被开车送往医院”。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她康复期间，救援人员多次看望班尼斯特。A.taught教授；B.missed错过；C.restored恢复；D.visited看望。根据上文“duringherrecovery”以及语境可知，这里指救援人员前来探望。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她深感感激，并相信他们会永远是朋友。A.happiness幸福；B.gratitude感激；C.regret遗憾；D.motivation动力。根据“Shefeltadeepsenseof”以及语境可知，这里指对救援人员的帮助，班尼斯特应心怀感激。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseopera,auniquemixofmusic,danceanddialogue,isakeyelementoftraditionalChineseperformingarts,datingbacktotheZhouDynasty.Overtime,it____36____(develop)intoavarietyoflocalstyles,eachwithitsowndistinctivecharm.PekingOpera,____37____cameintobeingintheQingDynasty,isthemostwellknownform.It’sfamous____38____itsstylizedmovements,plexfacialmakeup,anddistinctivevocalstyle.Also,TeochewOperafromGuangdongprovince,____39____(regard)asamostpopularwayofentertainmentwithgracefulsingingandlivelyperformances,oftenpresentinglocallegendsandhistoricalevents.Chineseoperaiscrucialforpreservingculturalvaluesandtraditions.Itsstories,often____40____(inspire)byhistoricaleventsandfolktales,exploreuniversalthemeslikelove,loyaltyandpurity.TheLegendoftheWhiteSnakeamongthemisaclassicalexample,____41____(tell)thelovestorybetweenBaiSuzhenandXuXian.Intermsofitsvisualstorytelling,costumesandmakeupareofgreatsignificance.Forinstance,redsymbolizesloyaltyand____42____(brave)whilewhiterepresentscheatandtrick.Thoughrootedintradition,Chineseoperaisalsointegratedwithmodernelements.____43____(attract)contemporaryaudiences,adaptationsbinetraditionalelementswithnewthemesand____44____(technology)suchasmultimediaandspecialeffects.Thisenduringartformcontinuestodevelop,reflectingChina’srichculturalheritageandsocialchanges.As____45____linkbetweenthepastandthepresent,ChineseoperaisstilladynamicandvitalpartofChina’sculturallandscape.【答案】36.hasdeveloped37.which38.for39.isregarded40inspired41.telling42.bravery43.Toattract44.technologies45.a【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国戏曲的历史、主要剧种、文化价值以及其在现代社会中的发展【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：随着时间的推移，它已经发展成了各种各样的地方风格，每种风格都有其独特的魅力。根据Overtime可知，此处强调从过去到现在的发展过程，应用现在完成时，主语it是第三人称单数，助动词用has，develop的过去分词是developed。故填hasdeveloped。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：京剧形成于清朝，是最著名的形式。分析句子结构可知，2cameintobeingintheQingDynasty是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词