《医学英语视听说》课件-Development Growth

Life:HumanBodyDevelopment&GrowthDevelopmentofthehumanbodyistheprocessofgrowthtomaturity.Life:HumanBodyDevelopmentProcessBeginningTheprocessbeginswithfertilization,whereaneggreleasedfromtheovaryofafemaleispenetratedbysperm.Theeggthenlodgesintheuterus,whereanembryoandlaterfetusdevelopuntilbirth.Life:HumanBodyDevelopmentProcessOccurringGrowthanddevelopmentoccurafterbirth,andincludebothphysicalandpsychologicaldevelopment,influencedbygenetic,hormonal,environmentalandotherfactors.Life:HumanBodyDevelopmentProcessContinuingDevelopmentandgrowthcontinuethroughoutlife,throughchildhood,adolescence,andthroughadulthoodtosenility,andarereferredtoastheprocessofageing.Life:HumanBodyProductionsHowmanystagesoflaborarethere?Whatarethey?Listenandtrytofindtheanswers.DevelopmentProcessLife:HumanBodyProductionsHowmanystagesoflaborarethere?Whatarethey?Watchthevideoclipcarefullytoconfirmyouranswer.DevelopmentProcessReferenceTherearethreestagesoflabor.Eachofthesestagesvariesaccordingtothewomanandmanyotherfactors.Thefirststageincludesearlylabor,whenthecervixthins(effacement)andbeginstoopen(dilate)fromzerotothreecentimeters.Thisstagemaytakehoursordays.

Duringactivelabor,thecervixopensfurther,andcontractionsbecomestrongerandmorefrequent.Transitionfollowswiththecervixbecomingfullydilatedtotencentimeters,andthesecondstageoflaborbegins.Contractionsinthisstagebecomestrongerasthebabyispusheddownthebirthcanal.Theheadcrowns(isseenfromoutside),andthebabyisfinallydelivered.

Thesecondstagecanlastminutestohours.Duringthethirdstage,soonafterthebirthofthebaby,theplacentaisdelivered.Thethirdstage,orplacentaldelivery,usuallyoccurswithintenminutesofbirth."Life:HumanBodyDevelopmentProcess参考译文分娩全程可分为三个阶段，每个阶段因受产妇和其他因素的影响均不相同。将第一产程潜伏期和活跃期。在潜伏期，宫颈变薄（子宫颈薄化），宫口扩张至3cm。这一过程需要数小时或者几天。

在活跃期，宫颈进一步扩张，宫缩强度和频率加强，直到宫口完全张开至10cm，第二产程发动。在第二产程，当胎儿被推入产道时宫缩会变得更强。胎头着冠（胎头越过骨盆出口，宫缩间歇时胎头不再回缩，可以