福建泉州市高中毕业班质量检测（一）高三下学期英语试题

保密★启用前泉州市2026届高中毕业班模拟考试（一）高三英语（试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟）注意事项：1.答题前，考生须在试题卷、答题卡规定的位置填写自己的准考证号、姓名。考生应认真核对答题卡上的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束，考生须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whatkindofbookdoesthemanwanttoborrow?A.Economics.B.Literature.C.puter.2.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Attendapaintingclass.B.Visitanartexhibition.C.Buyanotebook.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthecafe?A.Itislivelyandfun.B.Ithelpsconcentration.C.Itoffersspaciousdesks.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Acontestpreparation.B.Ascienceproject.C.Aweekendtrip5.Whenwillthemanreturnthedictionary?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnFriday.第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间，每段录音播放两遍。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atalecture.B.Atastore.C.Inaworkshop.7.Whydoesthemanhaveinterestinthetablet?A.Hebelievesitbenefitshiswork.B.Hethinksitsuitableforhisniece.C.Heneedsonetolearndigitalart.听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。8.HowdoesStevenfeelnow?A.Surprised.B.Disappointed.C.Conflicted.9.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestionforSteven?A.Consultinghisfamily.B.Writingfulltime.C.Havingatry.10.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Careerchangeconsideration.B.Risksofquittingajob.C.Waystoimprovewriting.听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。11.WhyisthewomantalkingtoMr.Janson?A.Tofinishaclassassignment.B.Toseekadviceoninterviews.C.Towriteanewspaperfeature.12.WhatdoesMr.Jansondo?A.Anetworkengineer.B.Acareerplanner.C.Aschoollibrarian.13.Whatisconsideredthebiggestchange?A.Thedigitisationofbooks.B.Thecollectionofdocuments.C.Theinventionofscanners.听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。14.WhatisthemaingoaloftheUTeachprogramme?AToinvolvestudentsinSTEMteaching.B.ToattractstudentstomajorinSTEM.C.Toenhancelearningefficiency.15.Whatisoneprovenouteoftheprogramme?A.Itguaranteesjobsforgraduates.B.Mostgraduatesstaytoteach.C.Thetrainingisveryenjoyable.16.WhatfirstmadeJohnconsiderteaching?A.Hehadafreetrialclass.B.Hewaspooratlabwork.C.Aprofessorremendedit.17.WhydoesJohnwanttocontinueteaching?A.Helikesflexiblehours.B.Heexpectshigherpaylater.C.Hevaluesconnectionwithstudents.听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoesDebrahRoundyregularlydoinChina?A.ShelearnsaboutChinesemusic.B.Shedancesinparksandsquares.C.Shevolunteerstotranslate.19.HowdoesDebrahRoundymunicatewithherteammatesnow?A.Byturningtoothers.B.Byexchangingnotes.C.Byusinganapp.20.WhatdoesthedancemeantoDebrahRoundy?A.Adailyformofexercise.B.AbridgetolearnChina.C.Achancetohelpneighbours.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ApositionofEWasteNowadays,ewasteisoneoftheworld’sfastestgrowingwastestreams.Wasteelectronicscontainharmfulsubstanceslikeleadandmercury,posingseriousenvironmentalandhealthrisks.However,ewastealsorepresentsavaluable“urbanmine”.Itholdsanestimated31milliontonnesofmetals,17milliontonnesofplastics,and14milliontonnesofglass.Onetonneofcircuitboardscancontainupto800timesmoregoldthanatonneofgoldbearingrocks.Despitethis,lessthan1%ofrareearthelementsarerecycled.Recycledewasteisavaluableresourceforsustainablemanufacturing(制造业e.g.tsmetals,e.g.goldandcopper,arereusedinelectronics,vehicles,andrenewableenergysystems.Recoveredplasticsfindnewlifeindurableproducts,whileglassisprocessedintobuildingmaterials.Thiscircular(循环的)approachcutsenergyuse,reducesminingdemand,andtransformswasteintoindustrialresources,supportingboththeeconomyandtheenvironment.Theewastemanagementmarketisprojectedtomorethandoubleby2027.While81countrieshaveadopendedProducerResponsibilitylaws,collectionratesstillfallbehindpolicygoals.Toimproverecycling,governmentsshouldstrengthenEPRlaws,andinvestinfacilities.Institutionscanpromoteresearchandpublicawareness.Individualsshouldproperlydropoffewasteatcollectionpoints,fixitemsratherthanthrowthemaway,andsupportbrandswithstrongenvironmentalmitments.1.Whatpercentagedoscreensandcablesaccountforinallewastepositions?A.12%. B.14%. C.17%. D.60%.2.Whatisakeyadvantageofewasteparedtonaturalmines?A.Itcontainsagreatervarietyofrareelements.B.Itprovidesmorerecoverablenonmetals.C.Itcanbericherinpreciousmetals.D.Itworksbetterasbuildingmaterials.3.Whatissuggestedforindividualstohelprecycleewaste?A.Investinformalrecyclingfacilities.B.Launchpublicawarenesscampaigns.C.Setclearpersonaltakebackplans.D.Chooserepairoverreplacement.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍电子垃圾的危害、回收价值及各方提升回收效率的举措。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据饼状图可知，

screens在电子垃圾中的占比12%，cables的占比为2%，因此两者占比为14%。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Onetonneofcircuitboardscancontainupto800timesmoregoldthanatonneofgoldbearingrocks.(一吨电路板的含金量是一吨含金矿石的800倍之多。)”可知，电子垃圾相比天然矿山，关键优势在于贵金属含量可能更高。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Individualsshouldproperlydropoffewasteatcollectionpoints,fixitemsratherthanthrowaway(个人应将电子垃圾妥善送至回收点，修理物品而非丢弃)”可知，针对个人的建议是选择维修而非更换电子产品。故选D项。BAt24,CarinaHongfoundedanAIpanycalledAxiomMath.Withitsuniquetechnicalideasandcleardevelopmentgoals,thepanyhaschangedtraditionalviewsintheSiliconValleyinvestmentcapitalcircle.BorninGuangzhouin2001,Hongcamefromafamilywhereneitherparenthadreceivedhighereducation.Shegrewuplikeotherkids,andshowednospecialtalentuntilshestartedlearningOlympiadmathematicsinjuniorhighschool—thisunlockedherpotentialandsurprisedeveryone.Inhighschool,HongwasselectedintoGuangdongProvincialOlympiadMathematicsTeam,andin2018,sheenteredtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)withexcellentresults.ShedoublemajoredinMathsandPhysics,pletedover20advancedcourses,andservedaspresidentofstudentorganisationstohelpinternationalstudents.Later,shewontheRhodesScholarshiptostudyNeuroscienceatOxford,thenpursuedtwodoctoraldegreesatStanfordwhileofferinglegalaidtolowinepeople.Duringthisperiod,HongfocusedonthebinationofAIandmathematics.NoticingAI’sbigshortingsinmathematicalreasoning,shefoundedAxiomMath,whosecoreideaistotransformEnglishmathematicalcontentfrombooks,papersandjournalsintoprogrammableknowledge.ThisallowsAItonotonlysolveplexmathematicalproblemsbutalsoconfirmsolutionsthroughstrictvalidation(验证).AxiomMath’sgoalistodevelopareal“AIMathematician”withlogicalreasoningability,andHongevenhopesthat“AImathematicians”willputforwardbrandnewmathematicalconjectures(猜想)inthefuture.Withhergoodacademicreputationandcleartechnicalgoals,sheattractedmanytoptalentstoAxiomMath.Afamousmathematicianevenlefthispermanentteachingpositiontojointheteam,andtheyworkedtogethertobuildastrictlogicalreasoningtrainingsystembyadoptinganewmodel.CarinaHong’sstoryisoneofvisionandmitment.Builtonsolidacademictraininganddrivenbyacleargoal—togiveAItruemathematicalreasoningability—sheisleadingAxiomMathtowardafuturewheremachinesandmathematiciansworksidebyside4.WhatawakenedCarinaHong’spotentialinheryouth?A.Herparents’educationalbackground. B.LearningOlympiadmaths.C.HerambitiontostudyatMIT. D.Helpinginternationalstudents.5.WhatcanweinferaboutCarinaHongfrom?A.Sheisacademicallyandsociallyexcellent.B.Shefocusesonearningacademictitles.C.Sheoweshersuccesstoherfamily’ssupport.D.Sheplanstoleavethetechindustryforlegalwork.6.WhydidCarinaHongsetupAxiomMath?A.Toofferlegalaidtothepoor.B.TotrainmoreAIprofessionals.C.Tochangeviewsinthecapitalcircle.D.TodevelopanAIwithreasoningskills.7.Whatisthebesttitleof?A.ARhodesScholar’sAcademicJourneyB.AxiomMathRedefiningArtificialIntelligenceC.FromOlympiadMathstoAIMathematicianD.TheFoundingofaSiliconValleyStartup【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述华裔青年CarinaHong的求学创业路，打造AI数学公司逐梦科研。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shegrewuplikeotherkids,andshowednospecialtalentuntilshestartedlearningOlympiadmathematicsinjuniorhighschool—thisunlockedherpotentialandsurprisedeveryone.(她和其他孩子一样成长，直到初中开始学习奥数，她才展露天赋——这开启了她的潜能，让所有人惊讶。)”可知，初中学习奥数唤醒了CarinaHong年少时的潜能。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Inhighschool,HongwasselectedintoGuangdongProvincialOlympiadMathematicsTeam,andin2018,sheenteredtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)withexcellentresults.ShedoublemajoredinMathsandPhysics,pletedover20advancedcourses,andservedaspresidentofstudentorganisationstohelpinternationalstudents.Later,shewontheRhodesScholarshiptostudyNeuroscienceatOxford,thenpursuedtwodoctoraldegreesatStanfordwhileofferinglegalaidtolowinepeople.(高中时，Hong同学入选广东省奥林匹克数学代表队，并于2018年以优异成绩考入麻省理工学院（MIT）。她主修数学与物理双学位，修完了20多门高阶课程，还担任学生组织主席，帮助国际学生。后来，她获得罗德奖学金，前往牛津大学攻读神经科学，之后又在斯坦福大学攻读两个博士学位，同时为低收入人群提供法律援助。)”可知，她学业成绩拔尖，同时热衷学生工作、热心助人，学术和社交能力都十分出色。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“NoticingAI’sbigshortingsinmathematicalreasoning,shefoundedAxiomMath,whosecoreideaistotransformEnglishmathematicalcontentfrombooks,papersandjournalsintoprogrammableknowledge.ThisallowsAItonotonlysolveplexmathematicalproblemsbutalsoconfirmsolutionsthroughstrictvalidation(验证).AxiomMath’sgoalistodevelopareal“AIMathematician”withlogicalreasoningability,andHongevenhopesthat“AImathematicians”willputforwardbrandnewmathematicalconjectures(猜想)inthefuture.(注意到人工智能在数学推理方面存在重大缺陷，她创立了AxiomMath公司。该公司的核心理念是把教科书、论文和期刊中的英文数学内容转化为可程序化的知识。这使得人工智能不仅能够解决复杂的数学问题，还能通过严格验证来确认答案。AxiomMath的目标是研发出真正具备逻辑推理能力的“AI数学家”。洪女士甚至希望，未来“AI数学家”能够提出全新的数学猜想。)可知，她创办公司是为了研发拥有数学推理能力的人工智能。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章以CarinaHong的成长轨迹为线索，从初中奥数启蒙潜能，到顶尖名校深造，再到创办AI数学公司、研发AI数学家，全程围绕奥数起步到打造AI数学家的经历展开。因此C项“从奥数选手到AI数学家”能概括文章主旨，可作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。CHaveyoueverthought,“MaybethisisallI’mevermeanttobe?”Manyofusaretrappedbylabelslike“nottalentedenough”—asiflifewereaonewayroadwithnoturns.BarbaraOakley’sMindshiftworkslikeawiseguide,helpingusremovethesementalblocks.Itdoesn’tofferemptyencouragement,butbreaksdownthesciencebehindchange.Thefirstpartofthebooktellsstoriesofordinarypeoplewhodaredtoreshapetheirlives.GrahamKeir,amusician,oncebelievedhehad“nobrainforscience”andtodaywalksthehallsofmedicalschool.OrAli,whooncestruggledwithbasicmaths,onlytolatermastercoding(编程)andearnmultiplepromotions.Thesearenottalesofsuddengenius,butofimperfectpracticethroughsetbacksandslowprogress.Oakleyintroducesapowerfulconcept—secondskilling.Intoday’sfastchangingworld,relyingonjustoneareaofexpertiseisrisky.Developingasecondskillcanmakeyoumoreadaptable.Ifthefirstparthelpsusseewhat’spossible,thesecondisaguideformakingithappen.Oakleydrawsoninterviewswithdozensofcareerchangerstoshowwhatstrategiesworkedandwhatpitfallstoavoid.Beyondlearningfromothers,thebook’ssecondpartoffershonestadviceforquietingselfdoubtandturninglearningfromachoreintoahabit.Oneofthebook’smostvaluableinsightsisthatwhatmattersisnot“intensepracticeeveryday”,but“practiseeveryday,withoutfail”.Evenfifteenminutesdailysendssteadysignalsthatquietlyreshapeyourbrain.Thatsaid,thebook’sperspectiveisn’tuniversal.RootedinaWesterncon,itdrawslargelyonstableprofessionals—leavingquieterquestionsaboutthosefacingrealhardship.Andwhileitprioritisespracticeoverpassion,somemayfindthisapproachcooltothetouch.Yetperhapsthatcoolnessisitsstrength:itdoesn’tsellmiracles,butoffersasolidframework.Afterreading,youmaynothavealltheanswers.Butyoumightask:“CouldwhatIoncethoughtimpossibleactuallybewithinreach?”UltimatelyMindshiftgivessomethingbetter:amindopenandflexible,readyforchange.Andthat,perhaps,isthetruestmindshiftofall.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutMindshiftfromparagraph1?A.Itdescribeslifeasafixedpath.B.Itemphasisestheimportanceoftalent.C.Ithelpsovereinnerobstacleforchange.D.Itprovidesreaderswithemotionalfort.9.WhatdotheexamplesofGrahamandAlimainlyshow?A.Thevalueofsecondskilling. B.Thepowerofsuddengenius.C.Theimportanceofpassion. D.Theriskofchangingcareers.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pitfalls”inparagraph3probablymean?A.plicatedskills. B.Hiddentraps. C.Strongbiases. D.Imaginedthreats.11.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardsMindshift?A.Cautiouslyopposed. B.Appreciativeyetcritical.C.Highlyfavourable. D.Imaginedthreats.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章介绍书籍《Mindshift》的核心内容、价值及局限性，传递终身成长理念。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“BarbaraOakley’sMindshiftworkslikeawiseguide,helpingusremovethesementalblocks.(芭芭拉·奥克利的《思维转变》就像一位睿智的向导，帮助我们消除这些心理障碍)”可知，这本书能帮助人们克服内心阻碍，实现自我改变。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thesearenottalesofsuddengenius,butofimperfectpracticethroughsetbacksandslowprogress.Oakleyintroducesapowerfulconcept—secondskilling.(这些并非突然开窍的天才故事，而是历经挫折、缓慢进步的点滴实践。奥克利提出了一个强有力的概念——二次技能培养)”可知，格雷厄姆和阿里的事例，是为了论证二次技能培养的价值，打破固有标签实现人生重塑。故选A项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Oakleydrawsoninterviewswithdozensofcareerchangerstoshowwhatstrategiesworkedandwhatpitfallstoavoid.(奥克利通过采访数十位转行人士，阐述了哪些方法有效，以及要避开哪些pitfalls)”可知，句中“strategiesworked”与“pitfallstoavoid”形成对应，结合语境可猜测pitfalls意为“潜在的陷阱、易犯的错误”，与Hiddentraps意思相近。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thatsaid,thebook’sperspectiveisn’tuniversal.(即便如此，这本书的观点并非普适)”以及第五段“Yetperhapsthatcoolnessisitsstrength:itdoesn’tsellmiracles,butoffersasolidframework.(但或许这种理性正是它的优势：它不宣扬奇迹，而是提供可靠的框架)”可知，作者既肯定了该书的实用价值，也指出了其视角局限性，态度为欣赏但带有批判性。故选B项。DIntheglobalefforttofightclimatechange,scientistsareexploringsolutionsinunexpectedplaces—includingthesoilbeneathourfeet.ArecentstudypublishedinNaturehighlightsapromisingdiscovery:specificbacteriathatcandramaticallyreduceagriculturalemissionsofnitrousoxide(N2O),apowerfulgreenhousegas.Nitrousoxide,largelyreleasedfromfarmfieldsduetonitrogenfertiliser(肥料)use,isamajorclimateconcern.AccordingtocoauthorProfessorLarsBakkenoftheNorwegianUniversityofLifeSciences,thegasis265timesmoreeffectiveatwarmingtheatmospherethancarbondioxideandcanremainintheairforoveracentury.Todevelopthesolution,researchersgrewthebacteriausingorganicwaste.Buildingonpastwork,theylookedforamicroorganismthatwouldreducenitrousoxideemissionswithoutstayinginthesoilforsolongthatitharmedotherlifeformsimportantforcrophealth.Thebacteriareducedemissionsafterasecondfertilisertreatmentbyabouthalftwoweekslater.Afterthreemonths,themakeupofmicrobial(微生物的)lifewasunchanged,suggestingthebacteriawouldnotharmthesoil.Thebacteria,whicharenotgeneticallymodified,occurnaturallyinanaerobicdigesters—facilitiesthattransformorganicwasteintobiofuels.Thatmighteaseacceptanceoftheiruse,saidPaulCarinioftheUniversityofArizona,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.Moreover,Bakkenstatedthatthis“opensupanumberofnewpossibilities”formanagingfarmland.Thebacteriacouldbeaddedtofertilisers,offeringapotentialdirectapplicationforfarmers.AsCarininoted,usingawasteproductfromoneindustrialprocesstobenefitanotheriscosteffective.Howeversignificantchallengesremainbeforewidespreaduse.ProfessorLoriHoaglandofPurdueUniversity,anexpertinthefield,notedthatsoilsvaryglobally,requiringmorefieldtestingtoensureeffectiveness.Morecritically,farmerscurrentlygetnofinancialmotivationtoadoptsuchmethods.Bakkenarguedthatauthoritiesmustcreatepoliciestomakeemissionreductionsprofitable.Iftheselimitationscanbeaddressed,thisbacterialtreatmentcouldhaveamajorimpactonreducingagriculture’scontributiontoclimatechange.12.Whyisnitrousoxideamajorclimateconcern?A.ItisreleasedinlargeramountsthanCO2.B.Itstaysintheatmosphereforaveryshorttime.C.Itesmainlyfromindustrialproduction.D.IthasamuchstrongerwarmingeffectthanCO2.13.Whatdidtheresearchersfind?A.Awaytohelpfarmersincreasefertiliseruse.B.Abacteriumthatstaysinthesoilforever.C.Amethodtoproducemorebiofuelsfromwaste.D.AmicrobethatcutsN2Owithoutharmingsoil.14.Whichaspectofthebacteriaismainlydiscussedinparagraph4?A.Itspotentialbenefits. B.Itsworkingprinciple.C.Itsproducingprocess. D.Itsresearchvalue.15.Whatpreventstheapplicationofthefinding?AShortageofnecessarybacteria.B.Difficultyinlargescaletesting.C.Lackofeconomicbenefitforfarmers.D.Uncertaintyaboutitseffect.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了特定细菌可减少农业一氧化二氮排放。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AccordingtocoauthorProfessorLarsBakkenoftheNorwegianUniversityofLifeSciences,thegasis265timesmoreeffectiveatwarmingtheatmospherethancarbondioxideandcanremainintheairforoveracentury.(据挪威生命科学大学的合著者LarsBakken教授称，这种气体使大气变暖的效率是二氧化碳的265倍，并且可以在空气中停留一个多世纪)”可知，一氧化二氮是主要的气候问题是因为它比二氧化碳的变暖效应强得多。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Todevelopthesolution,researchersgrewthebacteriausingorganicwaste.Buildingonpastwork,theylookedforamicroorganismthatwouldreducenitrousoxideemissionswithoutstayinginthesoilforsolongthatitharmedotherlifeformsimportantforcrophealth.Thebacteriareducedemissionsafterasecondfertilisertreatmentbyabouthalftwoweekslater.Afterthreemonths,themakeupofmicrobial(微生物的)lifewasunchanged,suggestingthebacteriawouldnotharmthesoil.(为了开发解决方案，研究人员使用有机废物培养细菌。在以往工作的基础上，他们寻找一种微生物，这种微生物能够减少一氧化二氮的排放，而不会在土壤中停留太久，从而危害对作物健康重要的其他生命形式。两周后，第二次施肥处理后，细菌减少了约一半的排放。三个月后，微生物的组成没有变化，这表明细菌不会伤害土壤)”可知，研究人员发现了一种能减少一氧化二氮排放且不伤害土壤的微生物。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Thebacteria,whicharenotgeneticallymodified,occurnaturallyinanaerobicdigesters—facilitiesthattransformorganicwasteintobiofuels.Thatmighteaseacceptanceoftheiruse,saidPaulCarinioftheUniversityofArizona,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.Moreover,Bakkenstatedthatthis“opensupanumberofnewpossibilities”formanagingfarmland.Thebacteriacouldbeaddedtofertilisers,offeringapotentialdirectapplicationforfarmers.AsCarininoted,usingawasteproductfromoneindustrialprocesstobenefitanotheriscosteffective.(这些细菌没有经过基因改造，自然存在于厌氧消化器中，厌氧消化器是将有机废物转化为生物燃料的设施。亚利桑那大学的PaulCarini没有参与这项研究，他说，这可能会让人们更容易接受它们的使用。此外，Bakken表示，这为农田管理“开辟了许多新的可能性”。这种细菌可以添加到肥料中，为农民提供潜在的直接应用。正如Carini所指出的，利用一个工业过程的废物产品来造福另一个工业过程是具有成本效益的)”可知，第四段主要讨论了这种细菌的潜在好处。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Morecritically,farmerscurrentlygetnofinancialmotivationtoadoptsuchmethods.(更关键的是，农民目前没有采用这种方法的经济动力)”可知，缺乏对农民的经济利益阻碍了这一发现的应用。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePowerofSmallStepsInaworldthatoftencelebratesbigachievementsandovernightsuccess,it’seasytooverlookthepowerofsmall,consistentsteps.Manyofussetgrandgoals,onlytofeeldiscouragedwhenprogressissloworinvisible,failingtorealisethatlastingsuccessisrarelybuiltinaflash.____16____Smallstepsarethebuildingblocksofgreatthings.Thinkabouthowaseedgrowsintoatalltree.Itdoesn’thappeninaday.____17____Everyday,itabsorbssunlightandwater,pushingitsrootsdeeperintothesoil,untiloneday,itstandstallandstrong,aproofofpatienceandpersistence(坚持).Ourgoalsarelikethatseed—theyneedtimeanddailycare.____18____Forexample,ifyourgoalistoimproveyourEnglish,readingashortpassageeverydayisbetterthantryingtofinishathickbookinoneweekend.Theformerbuildsahabit;thelatteroftenleadstoburnout.Consistencyiskey,andsmallstepsmakeconsistencypossiblebykeepingthetaskmanageable.Anotheradvantageofsmallstepsisthattheyreduceanxiety.Whenyoutakeonahugetask,it’snaturaltofeelnervous.____19____However,breakingitintosmallstepshelps.You’llfeelasenseofacplishmentwitheachsmallwin,whichwillmotivateyoutokeepgoing.Thispositivecyclecanturneventhemostdifficultgoalintosomethingmanageable.Smallstepsteachagrowthlesson.____20____So,imeyou’refacedwithabiggoal,don’tbeafraidtostartsmall.Remember,everygreatjourneybeginswithasinglestep.A.Smallstepshelpformgoodhabits.B.Wemayevengiveupbeforestarting.C.Workonthehugetaskalittlebitdaily.D.Itchangesquietlyandsteadilyunderground.E.Butsmallstepshavethepowertochangethis.F.Smallstepscanbynomeanschangethesituation.G.Theyremindusthatprogress,notperfection,iswhatmatters.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.B20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要论述小步骤的力量，强调坚持小事能积累成功、缓解焦虑、助力成长。【16题详解】根据上文“Manyofussetgrandgoals,onlytofeeldiscouragedwhenprogressissloworinvisible,failingtorealisethatlastingsuccessisrarelybuiltinaflash.(我们很多人设定宏伟目标，却因进展缓慢或看不见而气馁，没意识到持久的成功很少一蹴而就)”可知，上文提及设定大目标的弊端，空处应引出小步骤的作用形成转折，E选项“Butsmallstepshavethepowertochangethis.(但小步骤有能力改变这种情况)”承接上文弊端，引出下文小步骤的意义，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】根据上文“Itdoesn’thappeninaday.(这不是一天就能实现的)”和下文“Everyday,itabsorbssunlightandwater,pushingitsrootsdeeperintothesoil(它每天吸收阳光和水分，把根往土壤深处扎)”可知，空处描述种子默默生长的状态，D选项“Itchangesquietlyandsteadilyunderground.(它在地下安静而稳定地生长变化)”衔接种子生长的前后文，符合语境。故选D项。【18题详解】根据下文“Forexample,ifyourgoalistoimproveyourEnglish,readingashortpassageeverydayisbetterthantryingtofinishathickbookinoneweekend.Theformerbuildsahabit(例如，如果你的目标是提高英语，每天读一篇短文比周末读完一本厚书更好，前者能养成习惯)”可知，本段围绕小步骤与习惯养成展开，A选项“Smallstepshelpformgoodhabits.(小步骤有助于养成好习惯)”总起本段，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】根据上文“Whenyoutakeonahugetask,it’snaturaltofeelnervous.(当你承担一项艰巨任务时，感到紧张是很自然的)”可知，上文提及面对大任务的焦虑情绪，空处进一步说明这种情绪带来的后果，B选项“Wemayevengiveupbeforestarting.(我们甚至可能在开始前就放弃)”承接上文紧张情绪，引出后文拆分小任务的解决办法，符合语境。故选B项。【20题详解】根据上文“Smallstepsteachagrowthlesson.(小步骤能教会我们成长的道理)”可知，空处具体阐述小步骤带来的成长启示，G选项“Theyremindusthatprogress,notperfection,iswhatmatters.(它们提醒我们，重要的是进步，而不是完美)”解释小步骤的成长意义，衔接下文总结，符合语境。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myparentshavea91yearoldneighbour,Helen,whoiscaredforbynearbyfriends.Recently,mydadmadeithis____21____tomoveHelen’smailbox,asitwas____22____placeddownasteep(陡峭的)drivewayoffabusyhighway.He____23____themailserviceandarrangedto____24____themailboxlocation.SinceHelen’shouseisbrick,attachingamailboxdirectlywasnotan____25____.Then,ataflea(跳蚤)market,mydad,akeencollector,____26____anoldfashionedmetalmilkcan,which____27____himofthefirstmailboxheandmymothersharedyearsago.Severaldayslater,hemanagedtosecureanoldmailbox,____28____themilkcanwithconcrete,setthemailboxontop,and____29____itnearHelen’sfrontdoor.NowHelencansafelyfetchhermail.Laterthatweek,Helencalledtothankmydad,expressinghow____30____shefelttohavesuchloving____31____.Sheeveninvitedhimto____32____sometimelesstreasurefromherbackyard.Afterhangingup,mydadthoughtaloudaboutthewholething.WhenwedrovebyHelen’shouse,mydadlookedattheoldmailbox,rebornthroughhisquiet____33____.Thissmallactionbringsfreshtearstomyeyes,thoughitisnosurprisethatmydadlivesto____34____others.Myfather,inhisthoughtfulandwelltimedway,____35____said,“Thatwasyourmother’sandmyfirstmailbox.Icanstillpictureitstandingbytheroadallthoseyearsago.”21.A.mission B.proposal C.reaction D.ambition22.A.conveniently B.dangerously C.cautiously D.strategically23.A.rescued B.established C.restored D.contacted24.A.change B.check C.mark D.register25.A.example B.item C.option D.order26.A.captured B.invested C.grabbed D.spotted27.A.warned B.convinced C.reminded D.informed28.A.pared B.filled C.provided D.mixed29.A.placed B.stretched C.relieved D.hid30.A.inspired B.blessed C.rewarded D.exhausted31.A.postmen B.neighbours C.collectors D.drivers32.A.takeover B.handin C.pickout D.putaway33.A.support B.struggle C.reflection D.kindness34.A.respect B.impress C.serve D.entertain35.A.frankly B.sorrowfully C.critically D.simply【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C26.D27.C28.B29.A30.B31.B32.C33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了爸爸帮邻居移动邮箱的暖心故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，我爸爸把移动海伦的邮箱作为自己的任务，因为邮箱危险地放置在一条繁忙的高速公路旁陡峭的车道尽头。A.mission任务；B.proposal提议；C.reaction反应；D.ambition雄心。根据下文“Severaldayslater,hemanagedtosecureanoldmailbox,____themilkcanwithconcrete,setthemailboxontop,and____itnearHelen’sfrontdoor.”可知，作者的爸爸的把移动邮箱当作自己的任务。故选A。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最近，我爸爸把移动海伦邮箱作为自己的任务，因为邮箱危险地放置在一条繁忙的高速公路旁陡峭的车道尽头。A.conveniently方便地；B.dangerously危险地；C.cautiously谨慎地；D.strategically战略性地。根据下文“downasteep(陡峭的)drivewayoffabusyhighway”可知，邮箱放置的位置很危险。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他联系了邮政服务并安排改变邮箱的位置。A.rescued营救；B.established建立；C.restored恢复；D.contacted联系。根据下文“arrangedto____themailboxlocation”可知，要更改邮箱位置，首先需要联系邮政相关部门。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他联系了邮政服务并安排改变邮箱的位置。A.change改变；B.check检查；C.mark标记；D.register登记。根据前文“asitwas____placeddownasteep(陡峭的)drivewayoffabusyhighway”可知，邮箱位置危险，所以爸爸安排改变邮箱位置。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于海伦的房子是砖砌的，直接安装邮箱不是一个选择。A.example例子；B.item物品；C.option选择；D.order命令。根据下文“SinceHelen’shouseisbrick”可知，因为房子是砖砌的，所以直接安装邮箱不是一个可行的选择。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在一个跳蚤市场，我爸爸，一个热衷于收藏的人，发现了一个老式的金属牛奶罐，这让他想起了多年前他和妈妈共用的第一个邮箱。A.captured捕获；B.invested投资；C.grabbed抓住；D.spotted发现。根据上文“ataflea(跳蚤)market”可知，此处表示作者的爸爸在跳蚤市场发现了一个老式的金属牛奶罐。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在一个跳蚤市场，我爸爸，一个热衷于收藏的人，发现了一个老式的金属牛奶罐，这让他想起了多年前他和妈妈共用的第一个邮箱。A.warned警告；B.convinced使信服；C.reminded提醒，使想起；D.informed通知。根据下文“ofthefirstmailboxheandmymothersharedyearsago”可知，这个牛奶罐让爸爸