中考英语语法之宾语从句课件

初中英语语法宾语从句Ifinallydecidedthatchoosinganicecreamflavoristhehardestdecisionofmyday.__________________________________________________________在复合句中，如果由一个句子充当的宾语，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后，那么这个句子就叫宾语从句。定义宾语从句引导词宾语从句的引导词分为从属连词，连接代词，连接副词。1引导词：从属连词从属连词：that,whether,ifthat引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，非疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.whether,if引导的宾语从句if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme表示疑问不确定意义的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。Askhimwhether(/if)hecancome.Iwonderwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.Couldyoutellmewhether(/if)MrLiliveshere?Iwanttoknowif/(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.只能用whether不能用if的情况在引导主语从句、表语从句时。

Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.Thequestioniswhetheritistrue.用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。

Idon’tknowwhether

togothereatonce.当与ornot直接连用时（ornot紧跟在引导词后面时），

或包含or引导的并列选项时，只能用whether。Iwanttoknowwhether

ornotyouagree.Thekeyquestioniswhetherheistellingthetruthorlying.只能用if不能用whether的情况引导条件状语从句，表“如果”时。

Ifherunsfast,he’llgetthereontime.I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.在日常口语中，当主句（如Iwonder...,Doyouknow...）被上下文隐含或省略，只保留核心的“是否”疑问从句时，通常只能用if。

Ifhe’scoming?（=Iwonderifhe’scoming.）连接代词：who,whom,whose,which,what连接代词一般指疑问，引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosebikewasthebestintheclass.Idon’tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.2引导词：连接代词连接副词：where,how,why,when连接副词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。Hedidn’ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.Pleasetellmewhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?3引导词：连接副词宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.他哥哥问他什么时候去图书馆。Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.我不知道他想买什么。1语序否定前移若主句谓语动词为think,guess,imagine,suppose,believe等其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。Ithinkitisnotgoodforyoureyes.（×）Idon’tthinkitisgoodforyoureyes.（√）2主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。Idon’tknowhowmyfathergoestowork.我不知道我父亲怎样去上班。Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.我知道他十年前住在这儿。1时态主句如果用一般过去时，从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时态。LindasaidthatshewasgoingtoworkinBeijinginthefuture.琳达说，她将来要去北京工作。Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.我看见她在和她妈妈说话。Hesaidthathehadseenthemovie.他说他已经看过这部电影。2当从句说明的是客观真理或规律时，无论主句什么时态，从句均用一般现在时。Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.他告诉我地球绕着太阳转。Mr.Litoldmethesunrisesintheeast.李先生告诉我太阳从东方升起。Hetoldmethattherearetwelvemonthsinayear.

他告诉我，一年有十二个月。3Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhavebuythewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChina模拟考场Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.when模拟考场模拟考场Nooneknowswhat______infiftyyears.A.willourcitybelikeB.ourcitywillbelikeC.isourcitylikeD.ourcityislikeWeallbelieve______Chinawillsuccessfullyholdthe2025AsianGames.A.whatB.thatC.ifD.how模拟考场完成句子。Iwonder_________（whether/if）hewillcometothepartyornot.

Shesaidthatshe____________(visit)herauntinShanghaithenextmonth.whetherwouldvisit模拟考场IcalledMikeanhourago,butnobodyanswered.Iwondered______.A.whereheisB.wherehewasC.wherehehasbeenD.wherehewillbe模拟考场句型转换。Ithinkhecanfinishthetaskintwohours.（改为否定句）____________________________________Idon’tthinkhecanfinishthetaskintwohours.模拟考场Inthescienceclassyesterday,ourteachertoldusthatlight______fasterthansound.A.traveledB.travelsC.hadtraveledD.wouldtravel模拟考场将下列句子合并为一句。Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.____