2026年智能基础设施入门白皮书（英文版）

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer

WHITEPAPERMAY2026

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Contents

Preface3

Executivesummary4

Introduction5

1

Whatisintelligentinfrastructure?6

1.1Understandingintelligentinfrastructure6

1.2Howintelligentinfrastructurediffersfromdigitalinfrastructure7

2

DNA+framework9

2.1Frameworkoverview10

2.2Intelligentoutcomes15

3

Company,Cluster,City,Country–4Coutcomes18

3.1Companyoutcomes:operationalexcellence19

3.2Clusteroutcomes:collaborativeinnovation19

3.3Cityoutcomes:urbancompetitivenessandresilience21

3.4Countryoutcomes:strategiccompetitiveness22

3.5Broadersocietaloutcomes24

4

Deploymentimperatives25

4.1Governingthetransition25

4.2Trustasinfrastructure26

4.3Investmentframeworks:de-riskingthetransition27

4.4Implementationpathways28

4.5Talentcapabilities29

Conclusion30

Contributors31

Endnotes33

Disclaimer

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Thefindings,interpretationsand

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©2026WorldEconomicForum.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orbyanyinformation

storageandretrievalsystem.

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer2

May2026

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer

Preface

Infrastructurehasalwaysbeenthefoundationof

economicprogress.Intheindustrialera,nations

thatbuiltphysicalinfrastructuresuchasroads,

railways,waterandpowergridsgainedenduring

competitiveadvantages.Today,acomparableandperhapsmoreconsequentialtransitionisunderwaythroughintelligentinfrastructure.Thequestionis

nolongersimplyhowwellacountrybuildsand

connectsphysicalassets,buthowintelligentlythoseassetscansense,communicate,learnandact.

Intelligentinfrastructureisnotmerelyatechnologyinvestment.Itisadeterminantofnational

competitiveness.Theabilitytoembedsystems-levelintelligenceandautonomyintothesystemsthat

powereconomieswillincreasinglyseparatethosethatleadfromthosethatfollow.

Intelligentinfrastructureisinherentlycross-sectoral.Itsimplicationsspanindustrialproduction,energy

systems,urbanservices,supplychainsandnationalsecurity.Assuch,itrequirescoordinatedaction

acrosspolicy,investmentandgovernance.Ouraimistohelppolicy-makersandbusinessleaderswiththeframeworksandevidencetonavigatethistransitionasastructuralsystems-widetransformationrather

thananisolatedtechnologyshift.

Thisreport,developedwithgloballeadersacross

industries,presentstheDNA+framework–a

practicalarchitecturethatmakestheconceptof

intelligentinfrastructureconcrete.Groundedon

real-worldexperiencefromfourdiverseexpert

communities,spanningadvancedmanufacturingandsupplychains,energyandmaterials,cybersecurityandurbantransformation,theframeworkmapsthesystemicoutcomesofintelligentinfrastructureacrossfourlevels:Company,Cluster,CityandCountry.

Itfurtheroffersdeploymentpathwaystotranslatepotentialintosystemicvalue.

Theinfrastructurechoicesmadetodaywillshapeeconomicoutcomesfordecades.Governments,businessesandinternationalpartnersareinvitedtoengagewiththiswork–toimplement,testandrefinetheframework,contributemarketfeedbackandparticipateinstructuredcollaboration.

Intelligentinfrastructureisnotadestinationbut

anevolvingcapability:onewhosestrategicvaluewillcompoundovertimeandwhosedevelopmentrequirescoordinationacrosspublicandprivate

sectoractors.TheForumstandsreadytoserve

asaneutralplatformforcollaboration,supportingpolicy-makersandbusinessesastheyshapetheintelligentbackboneoflong-termcompetitiveness.

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer3

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer4

Executivesummary

Intelligentinfrastructureenablesphysical

infrastructuretosense,reasonandactinrealtimebyintegratingsensingdevices,networkconnectivity,AIandcyberresilience.

Justasroadsandportsenabledthemovementofgoodsintheindustrialage,intelligentinfrastructureenablestheflowofintelligenceintheintelligent

age.Intelligentinfrastructureintegratesphysical

assetswithsensors,connectivity,dataplatforms,

artificialintelligence(AI)andfeedbackloopsinto

coordinatedsystems(“systemofsystems”)thatcansense,reasonandactinrealtime.Thesefeaturesmakeitfundamentallydistinctfromtraditionaldigitalinfrastructure,whichlimitsitselftofoundational

connectivityanddataexchange.

1.DNA+frameworkasablueprint.ThisreportintroducestheDNA+frameworkasapracticalarchitectureforbuildingintelligentinfrastructure.Threelayersformitscore,withanadditional

cross-cuttingcyberresiliencelayer.Together,

theselayersenablecognitiveoutcomes:agenticoperations,cognitiveassets,hyper-adaptive

servicesandsymbioticecosystems:

DDevicesthatinteractwiththephysicalworldtocapturereal-timedata.

NNetworkthatprovidessecure,high-speedconnectivityfordatatoflowacross

organizationalandsectoralboundaries.

AArtificialintelligencespanningthefullstackfromdataplatformsandanalyticalmodelsthroughtoAIorchestrationtogoverntheintelligencethatcoordinatesthesystem-of-systemsapproach.

+Cyberresilience,whichfunctionsasa

cross-cuttinglayer,embeddedthroughoutbydesignratherthanappendedafter

deployment.

2.Impactacross4Cs.Intelligentinfrastructuregeneratesvalueacrossthe4Cs(Company,Cluster,City,Country)creatingreinforcing,

multiplyingeffects.Transformationinone

reinforcesperformanceatalllevels:company

transformationstrengthensclustercapabilities;clusterinfrastructureandcitytransformation

amplifynationalcompetitiveness;andnationalframeworksenableall.

3.Technologyisreadyfordeployment,buttheenablingconditionsarenot.Fourdeploymentimperativesdeterminewhethertechnologys

potentialtranslatesintosystemicvalue:

Governanceframeworksmustbe

built,includinginteroperabilitystandards,

accountabilitymechanisms,datagovernancepoliciesandregulatoryenvironmentsthat

enablecontrolledexperimentation.

Trustmustbeestablished,through

neutralconveningbodies,transparent

benefit-sharingmechanismsthat

enableparticipantstoseereturns

proportionaltotheirdatacontributions,andparticipationmodelsdesigned

tobeaccessibletoorganizationsofall

sizes,ensuringsmallerenterprisesare

notexcludedbyhighentryrequirements.

Publicandprivatecapitalmustplay

complementaryroles,withpublicinvestmentinfoundationallayersservingacatalytic

functionthatcrowdsinprivatecapital.

Capacity-buildingmustbedomain-specificandoperationallyembedded,including

cluster-leveltrainingplatformsthatgivesmallandmedium-sizedenterprises

(SMEs)accesstoskillstheycouldnotdevelopindependently.

Intelligentinfrastructureisanevolvingnational

capabilitythatwillbringstrategicadvantagetothenationsthatactnow.Thechoicesmadetodaywillshapeeconomicperformance,sustainability

outcomesandindustrialrelevancefordecadestocome.

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer5

Investing

inintelligent

infrastructureisnotmerelyatechnologyupgrade,buta

strategicimperativeforeconomic

resilienceandgrowthintheintelligentage.

Introduction

Ashumanitytransitionsintothe

intelligentage,thefoundationsof

socialandeconomiccompetitivenessareundergoingafundamentalshift.

Justasthesteamengineandrailwaysdefinedthefirstindustrialrevolutionandtheinternetdefined

theinformationage,theemergingintelligent

age1demandsanewfoundation:intelligent

infrastructure.TheWorldEconomicForum’sreport

BeyondCost:CountryReadinessfortheFuture

ofManufacturingandSupplyChains

2identifies

intelligentinfrastructureasoneofthecriticalfactorsdeterminingnationalcompetitivenesstodrive

foreignindustrialinvestments.

Inpreviouseras,nationsthatmodernizedtheir

physicalinfrastructurebybuildingports,railwaysorstablepowergridswerethefirsttogainenduringeconomicadvantages.Today,asimilarbutmore

profoundshiftisunderway.Thecompetitive

frontierhasmovedbeyondphysicalinfrastructurealonetotheabilitytoembedintelligenceinto

thesesystemsthatpowereconomies.Thisis

whatintelligentinfrastructureenables.Itcreatesadynamic,data-drivenbackbonethatisnolongerapassiveconnectorofgoodsordata,butanactiveparticipantinvaluecreation,enablingreal-time,

adaptiveoptimizationandautonomousdecision-makingwherefeasibleandappropriate.Itsupportscross-industrycollaborationthroughshared

standardsanddataecosystems,whileenablingresourcesharingandsustainabledevelopmentthroughintelligentresourceoptimization.

Thisreportaimstoprovidepolicy-makersandbusinessleaderswithafoundationaloverviewof

intelligentinfrastructure,outliningwhatitisand

whyitmatters.Drawingonglobalbestpractices,implementationlessonsandcommunityinsights*,thereporthighlightsthatinvestinginintelligent

infrastructureisnotmerelyatechnologyupgrade,butastrategicimperativeforeconomicresilienceandgrowthintheintelligentage.

Leadingeconomiesarealreadyprovingthisthesis.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinahasinvested

strategicallyinintelligentinfrastructurethroughthedeploymentofinteroperabilitystandards,industrialnetworksandcross-industrydataplatforms.

Bydevelopingthe“IndustrialInternet”,China’ssmartmanufacturingsectorisprojectedtoattainamarketsizeofapproximately$127billionby

2030.3Similarly,Indiaisredefiningitseconomiccompetitivenessthroughitsunifiedlogistics

interfaceplatform(ULIP).Byintegratingreal-

timedatafrom33distinctsystems–spanningcustoms,railwaysandports–intoasingle

intelligentbackbone,Indiaaimstoreduceits

logisticscostsfrom14%tobelow10%ofGDP,significantlyboostingtheglobalcompetitivenessofitsmanufacturingexports.4

Theevidenceiscompelling:nationsthatinveststrategicallyinintelligentinfrastructuretodaywilldefinetheeconomiclandscapeoftomorrow.

Thosethatdelayriskbeingleftbehindinanincreasinglyintelligent,interconnectedandadaptiveglobaleconomy.

Industrialinternet

BOX1

Industrialinternetreferstotheintegrationof

industrialmachinery,sensors,controlsystemsandsoftwarewithadvancedconnectivity,cloudcomputingandAItomonitor,optimizeand

automateindustrialoperationsinrealtime.

Itconnectsphysicalassets–suchasfactories,

powerplants,portsandtransportsystems–to

digitalplatforms,enablingpredictivemaintenance,

operationalefficiency,improvedsafetyand

data-drivendecision-makingacrossindustrialvaluechains.

Thetermisoftenusedinterchangeablywith

theindustrialinternetofthings(IIoT),althoughit

typicallyemphasizeslarge-scaleindustrialsystemsandenterprise-levelintegrationratherthan

individualconnecteddevices.

*Communityinsightswerederivedfromsixin-personworkshops,conductedgloballybytheWorldEconomicForumin2025,andfromone-to-oneconsultationswith15+multistakeholderexperts.

1

Whatisintelligentinfrastructure?

Intelligentinfrastructureintegratesphysicalanddigitalinfrastructureintoadaptive,

data-drivensystemscapableofsensing,learningandactinginrealtime.

1.1

Understandingintelligentinfrastructure

Theterm“intelligentinfrastructure”isusedwithgrowingfrequencybygovernments,industry

leadersandtechnologydevelopersalike,yetitsmeaningisrarelymadeprecise.ItissometimesconflatedwithdigitalinfrastructureorsometimesreducedtothedeploymentofsensorsorAI

applications.Theseframingscapturefragmentsofintelligentinfrastructureyetmisstheessentialcharacterofaunified,intelligentsystem.

BOX2

Intelligentinfrastructure–adefinition

Intelligentinfrastructurecanbedefinedas

theintegratedsystemofphysicalassets,

communicationsnetworks,digitalplatforms

andAIthatenablesinfrastructuretodevelopcognitivecapabilities–theabilitytosense,

connect,learnandactinrealtime,servingasthefoundationalbackboneofcompetitivenessintheintelligentage.

Whilephysicalinfrastructure,suchasroads,

powergrids,factoriesandports,formsthe

materialbackboneofeconomicactivityanddigitalinfrastructureprovidestheconnectivitylayerfordataexchange,intelligentinfrastructuregoesfurther:

itintegratestheselayersintoadaptive,data-drivensystemscapableofsensing,learningandactinginrealtime.Theresultisinfrastructurethatdoesnot

merelyreportwhatishappening,butreasonsforitself,dynamicallyoptimizingenergyflows,pre-empting

equipmentfailures,re-routinglogisticsortrafficandenablingcross-sectorcoordinationatscale.

Itisthissystems-levelintelligence–theability

tosense,reason,optimizeandactacross

interconnectedassetsandactorssimultaneously–thatdistinguishesintelligentinfrastructureand

definesitsvalue.Suchsystems-wideintegration

enableswhatmightbetermed“system-of-systemsvisibility”:consolidatedplatformsthataggregate

dataacrosscompanies,sectorsandutilities,resultinginhigherproductivityforcompanies,moresustainablecitiesandindustrialclusters*andstrongernationalcompetitiveness.

India’sSmartCitiesMissionexemplifiesthis

approach,havingoperationalizedintegrated

commandandcontrolcentres(ICCCs)across100citiesthatconsolidatedatafromtrafficmanagement,publicsafety,utilitiesandenvironmentalmonitoringontounifiedplatforms,enablingreal-time,cross-

departmentaldecision-makingatbothmunicipalandnationalscales.5

*Industrialclustersaregeographicalareaswhereco-locatedcompaniesandotherinstitutionsoperateincloseproximity.The

TransitioningIndustrialClusters

initiativeledbytheWorldEconomicForumisacoalitionofglobalindustrialclusterscommittedtoeconomicgrowth,employmentanddecarbonization.

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer6

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer7

Howintelligentinfrastructure

differsfromdigitalinfrastructure

1.2

Understandingwhatdistinguishesintelligentinfrastructurefromdigitalinfrastructureisessentialbeforeexamininghowitisbuilt(seeTable1).

Comparisonofdigitalinfrastructureandintelligentinfrastructure

TABLE1

Capabilities

Intelligence

Decisionmodel

Digitalinfrastructure

Connectandautomate

whatwealreadyunderstand

–Connectivityenablingdataexchange

–Statictechnologystack

–Pre-programmedautomationandrules-basedworkflows

–AIasisolatedtoolsdeployedontopofinfrastructure(dashboards,scripts,models)

–Human-led,reactive

Intelligentinfrastructure

Systems-intelligencebyreasoning

andadaptingforreal-timeoptimization

–Sharedcontextacrossplatformswithcross-domaininsights

–Cognitiveprocessingandcontinuouslearning

–Dynamic,self-optimizingarchitecture

–AIembeddedthroughouttheinfrastructurestack,functioningasagoverningorchestrationlayerthatcoordinatessystems-levelbehaviour

–Semi-autonomouswithinguardrails

Threestructuralfeaturesdefinetheboundarybetweendigitalandintelligent

infrastructure:interoperability,systems-intelligenceandautonomy(seeFigure1).

Threestructuralfeaturesthatdefineintelligentinfrastructure

FIGURE1

1

Interoperability

Assetsexchangeandinterpretdataseamlesslyacrosssystems,sectorsandorganizational

boundaries

2

Systems-intelligence

AIembeddedasanintegratedorchestration,enablingunifiedcognitiveprocessingand

continuouslearning

3

Autonomy

Infrastructuretranslatesinsightsintoreal-timeaction,operatingasanactiveparticipantin

valuecreation

Intelligent

infrastructure

1

2

3

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer8

Thesefeaturesrepresenta

structuralshiftinwhatinfrastructureis:fromapassiveconduitforgoods,peopleordata,

toanactive

participantinvaluecreation.

Interoperability

Intelligentinfrastructureachievesdeepsyntactic

andsemanticinteroperability,6ensuringthat

distinctassets,suchastrafficlights,emergency

vehiclesandpowergrids,cannotonlyexchangedataviacommonprotocolsbutalsoshareaunifiedunderstandingofthatdata’scontext.Crucially,

software-levelinteroperabilitythroughstandardizedAPIsandmiddlewarecanenableearlyprogress

andscaling-upevenwhilebroaderhardwareandprotocolstandardizationcontinuetoevolve.

Systems-intelligence

IntelligentinfrastructureembedsAI-driven

intelligenceacrossthesystemasanintegrated

orchestratedwhole.Thiscreatesaunifiedcognitive

systemratherthanacollectionofsmartbutsiloedcomponentsindigitalinfrastructure.Intelligenceheremeansnotonlydecision-making,but

continuouslearningandadaptability.

Autonomy

Intelligentinfrastructurecanclosetheloop,

throughtranslatinginsightsintoautonomous

execution.Throughactuators,controlsystems

andautomatedworkflows,intelligentinfrastructurecanadjustoperationsinrealtime:rerouting

trafficflows,rebalancingenergyloadsor

triggeringpreventivemaintenance.Thisaction-orientationtransformsinfrastructurefrompassiveassetsthatreportstatustoactiveagentsthat

shapeoutcomes,operatingwithingovernanceframeworksthatdefinetheboundariesof

autonomousaction.

Together,thesefeaturesrepresentnotanincrementalupgradebutastructuralshiftinwhatinfrastructureis:fromapassiveconduitforgoods,peopleordata,toanactiveparticipantinvaluecreation.This

shiftalsodismantleslong-standingcommercialbarriers:datasiloswerepreservednotfortechnical

reasonsbuttoprotectmarketposition.Byfosteringinteroperabilityandtrustedgovernance,intelligent

infrastructureenablesamovetowardsopenandcollaborativeecosystemswheresystematicoptimizationandcollectivegainsoutweightheperceivedbenefitsofisolateddataownership.Thearchitecturethroughwhichthisshiftisrealizedisexaminedinthefollowingchapter.

2

DNA+framework

TheDNA+frameworkisaunifiedarchitecturetotransformpassiveinfrastructureintoactivesystemsthatdeliverintelligentoutcomes.

establishingacommonlanguagethatenables

governments,clustersandenterprisestocoordinateinvestments,ensureinteroperabilityandscaleup

transformationsystematically.

Realizingthefullpotentialofintelligentinfrastructurerequiresstructuredinvestmentacrossmultiple,

interdependentlayers.TheDNA+framework

presentedinFigure2providesaunifiedarchitecturefordesigninganddeployingthesesystemsby

FIGURE2DNA+architectureofintelligentinfrastructure

Intelligentoutcomes

Cognitiveassets

Symbiotic

ecosystems

Agentic

operations

Hyper-adaptiveservices

D

A

N

Network(nerves)

Devices(senses)

AI(brain)

AIorchestration

5G

Openaccessdatasets

5G/6G

Sensorsandinstrumentation

Wi-Fi6

Fibre-opticcables

Satellites

Actuator

V

Computeinfrastructure

Smartphones

Applicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs)

。

Smartcameras

Digitaltwins

Dataplatforms

+

Cyberresilience(immunesystem)

Physicalinfrastructure

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer9

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer10

Frameworkoverview

2.1

TheabbreviationDNA+capturestheessential

buildingblocksthatenableinfrastructuretosense,connect,reasonandact.Muchlikeabiological

organism,eachcomponentplaysadistinct,yet

interdependentrole.Theframeworkcomprisesthreecorelayerssupportedbyonecross-cuttinglayer(seeTable2).

DNA+frameworkfunctions

TABLE2

Function

Humanbodyanalogy

Purpose

Description

Layer

DDevices

NNetwork

AAI

+Cyberresilience

Senses

Nerves

Brain

Immunesystem

Whatis

happening?

Howtotransmit?

Whatdoesit

mean?What

shouldbedone?

Isitsecure?Canitrecoverquickly?

Interactwithphysicalworldtocollectreal-timedataandexecuteimmediate,low-latencyactions

Providesreliableconnectivitytotransmitinformationbetweendevices,platformsandactors

ThefullAIstack:fromtheinfrastructurethatmakesAIpossible,throughdatasetsand

models,toAIorchestrationasthegoverningintelligencethatcoordinatestheentiresystem

Anticipatesthreats,withstandsattacks,recoversrapidlyandadaptscontinuouslyacrossalllayers

Cognitive

processingandorchestration

End-to-endprotection

andrecovery

Intelligentsensingandcontrol

Trusted

communications

AdefiningcharacteristicoftheDNA+framework

isthatitslayersareintentionallyinterconnected

ratherthanindependentofoneanother.AI

capabilitiesfromtheA-layerextendacrossdevices,networkandcyberresilience.Forexample,edge

AIembeddedwithinsensorsenablesreal-time

perceptionandresponseatthepointofdata

collection;AI-drivennetworkmanagementoptimizesbandwidthallocation,predictscongestionand

enablesautonomousnetworkreconfiguration;andAI-poweredthreatdetectionandadaptiveresponsestrengthencyberresilienceacrosstheentiresystem.

Thiscross-layernatureofintelligenceisnot

astructuralambiguity.Itispreciselywhat

distinguishesintelligentinfrastructurefroma

collectionofindividuallysmartbutdisconnectedcomponents.Whiledigitalinfrastructuremay

incorporateelementsofautomationandAI,

intelligentinfrastructuregoesfurther:insights

becomeactions,actionsgeneratenewdataandthesystemlearnscontinuouslywithinasecureorchestratedframeworkatsystemslevel.

TheDNA+layersaredescribedinmoredetailbelow.

Devices(senses)

TheDeviceslayerformsthefoundationof

intelligentinfrastructure–thesensesthatserveastheinterfacebetweenthephysicalanddigitalworlds.Thesesensingtechnologiesinteractwiththephysicalenvironmenttocollectreal-timedataandacttoclosetheintelligenceloop.

Keycomponents

–Sensorsandinstrumentation:Environmentalsensorsmonitoringtemperature,pressure,

humidityandairqualityinrealtime;vibrationmonitors,flowmetersandequipmenthealthsensorsthattrackoperationalperformance,connectedviaIoTnetworksorexisting

automationsystemssuchasSCADA.7

–Identificationdevices:Radio-frequency

identification(RFID),near-fieldcommunication(NFC)andbarcodesystemsforassettrackingandauthentication.

–Positioningdevices:Globalpositioningsystem(GPS),lightdetectionandranging(LiDAR)andindoorpositioningsystemsforlocationawareness.

–Imagingdevices:Thermalcameras,machinevisionsystemsandmultispectralsensorsforvisualintelligence.

–Actuators:Roboticsystems,automatedvalvesandsmartcontrollersthatexecuteresponsesbasedonanalyticaloutputs.

COUNTRYCASESTUDY|FRANCE

Gridmodernization(Linkyprogramme)8

FrenchnetworkoperatorEnedisismanagingthe

deploymentoftheLinkyprogramme,aninitiativetodeploysmartmetersacrossFrance.Thisprogrammeexemplifies

strategicinvestmentintheDeviceslayer.Theinitiative

deployed37.6millionsmartmetersequippedwithpowerlinecommunication(PLC)G3modules–astandardizedprotocolenablingtwo-waydatatransmissionthroughexisting

electricalwiring.Eachmeterintegratesmultiplesensors

capturing10-minuteintervalconsumptiondata,powerqualitymetricsandvoltagefluctuations.

Thedevicearchitectureincorporatessecurehardware

elementsforcryptographicauthentication,ensuringdata

integrityfrommetertohead-endsystem.Thissensor-densedeploymentgeneratesover1billiondatapointsdaily,enablingreal-timedemandresponseandremotefaultdetection,whilereducingmanualmeter-readingcostsby90%.

COMPANYCASESTUDY|CHINATOWER“SmartTower”strategy

ChinaTowertransformeditspassivetelecomsinfrastructureintoanactivesensingnetworkthroughits“onecore,two

wings”strategy.Byequipping230,000towerswithhigh-

definitioncameras,weathersensorsandEdgeAIgateways,theyturnedsteeltowersinto“digitalsentinels”.9

Thesedevicesnowservediversesectors,detectingforest

firesforforestrydepartmentsandmonitoringstrawburningforagriculturebureaus.InH12025,revenuefromthis

“SmartTower”businessgrew18.7%,provingthataddingasophisticatedDeviceslayercantransformautilitycostcentreintoahigh-growthrevenuegenerator.10

D

IntelligentInfrastructure:APrimer11

Network(nerves)

TheNetworklayerpro