2026届高考英语七选五专练-说明文类(含答案)

七选五工作学习实用指南类说明文

(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)A

(2025·江西部分学校一模)

Haveyouevernoticedthatsomepeopleseemtoclimbthecareerladder(梯子)①effortlessly，whileothersstruggletogettheirfootonthefirststep1Often，it’sabouttheMatthewEffect：theideathatinitialsuccesscancreateasnowballeffect，makingfuturesuccesseasiertoachieve.Understandinghowitworkscanhelpyoumakeuseofittoyouradvantage.

2Thinkofyourselfasayoungdesignerwholandsa②high-profileclientearlyon.Thatoneproject，ifhandledwell，opensthedoortobiggeropportunities，referrals(推荐)andagrowingcollectionofimpressivework.3Whenyourmanagerseesyouexcelinthefirstplace，they’remorelikelytotrustyouwithbiggerresponsibilities.

③VisibilityiscrucialtotheMatthewEffect.4Ifyouareanemployeewhoconsistentlydeliversoutstandingworkbutdoesn’tsharethat，youmaybe④overshadowedbyacoworkerwho’sjustascompetentbutbetteratself-promotion.Considertheexampleofamid-levelmarketingmanager.Byregularlypresentingtheirteam’sresultsatcompanymeetings，theyensureleadershipassociatestheirnamewithsuccess.Thisvisibilitycanleadtoopportunitieslikepromotions，speakingengagements，orevenbeing⑤headhuntedbyothercompanies.

AnotherkeydriveroftheMatthewEffectisthepowerofnetworks.Peoplewithstrongprofessionalnetworksareoftenexposedtomoreopportunitiesthanthosewithlimitedconnections.Psychologically，peopletendtoassociatesuccesswithcompetence.5Thisiswhynetworkingisn’tjustaboutmeetingpeople—it’saboutcreatingmeaningfulrelationshipsthatleadtotrustandmutual(相互的)benefit.

A．Visibilitycontributestotheinteractionwithcelebratedpeople.

B．It’snotalwaysabouttalentorhardwork—thoughbotharevital.

C．Moreclientswanttoworkwithyouwhenyou’realreadysuccessful.

D．Ifpeopledon’tknowaboutyourachievements，it’shardtoobtainmoresuccess.

E．Thefirstbigbreakinyourcareeroftensetsthestageforeverythingthatfollows.

F．Earlyrecognitionbuildsconfidence—notjustinthepeoplearoundyou，butinyourself.

G．Ifyou’rerecommendedbysomeonerespectedinyourfield，therecommendationcarriesweight.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马太效应的概念及其在职业发展中的应用与影响。

语境猜词①effortlessly(派)＝effort＋less＋lyadv.轻松地；毫不费劲地②high-profile(合)＝high＋profileadj.知名度高的③visibility(派)＝visib(le)＋ilityn．能见度；可见性④overshadow(合)＝over＋shadowv．使黯然失色，使显得逊色⑤headhunt(合)＝head＋huntv．挖走(人才)

B

(2025·山东菏泽一模)

XenaBiffert，adistrictscience①consultant，startedtodoalotofbackwardplanningwhentakingstudentsoutsidetomeetcurricular(课程的)outcomes.Thisapproachallowscurriculumconnectionandencouragesstudents’focusandinteresttoleadtheway.Herearefourtipsforpracticingbackwardplanningwithyourstudents.1

Knowyourcurriculum.

Manytopicsariseorganically，andyoucancoverthemthroughmini-lessonsalongtheway.Onewaytodeepenthatknowledgeistoprintitoutandmakeahabitofreviewingitdaily.2First，youdevelopa②familiaritywithit.Second，youcanseewhereyoucanmakethatconnectionnaturallywherethestudents’interestsmeet.

Begintheyearwithalearningplanandamindmap.

HavingguidingquestionshashelpedXenaformandfollowaplanfortheyear.3Forexample，“Howareweall③interconnected？”and“Whatisourstory？”Shecanassessoutcomesusingthisplanthroughouttheschoolyear.

Getstudentsoutsideregularly.

4Thisculturecreatesanopportunitytoformandanswerquestionsaboutwhathappensoutdoorsandhowitconnectstoothertopics.Astheemergentlearningarisesandthereisdailyreflectiononit，knowledgeandunderstandingemerge.Throughthisintentionalworkandreflection，teacherswillbewellequippedtoanswerquestionsintheprocess.

5

Itisimportantforstudentstoreflectontheirobservations.Weoftendon’tgettimetoreflectinourfast-pacedclassrooms.Often，reflectioniscombinedwithassessment.Aneasystartingpointisjournaling，becauseitisathoughtprocessaccessibletostudentsineverygrade.

A．Outsidelearningbuildsaculture.

B．Workoutaplanforregularjournaling.

C．Maketimeforstudentreflectionlikejournaling.

D．Suchguidingquestionsoftenariseinthebackwardplanning.

E．Thesemayallowyougreaterflexibilitytodooutdoorlearning.

F．Herreasoningforlookingatthecurriculumeverydayistwofold.

G．Xenacreatesamindmapusingthebigideabehindthequestions.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地区科学顾问XenaBiffert在带学生到户外实现课程目标时所采用的逆向规划方法，并给出了四个关于如何与学生一起实践逆向规划的建议。

语境猜词①consultant(派)＝consult＋antn.顾问②familiarity(派)＝familiar＋ityn．熟悉③interconnect(派)＝inter＋connectv．使互相连接

C

(2025·四川成都二模)

Whetherthingsgorightorwrong，feedbackisalwaysnecessary.1However，providingeffectivefeedbackisnoteasy，asittypicallyrequiresseveralcomponents.Nowlet’sexamineeachofthem.

Startonapositivenote.①Constructivecriticismshouldalwaysstartonapositivenote.Itfeelsunfairandrudeifsomeonetellsyoueverythingyoudidwrongwithoutacknowledgingyourachievements.Sowhengivingfeedback，don’tjustnotethemistakesthereceivershavemade.2

Bespecific.Effectivefeedbackneedstobespecific.Informthereceiverspreciselywhataspectsrequireimprovementsotheycanidentifyandaddressthoseareas.Forexample，don’tsay，“Your②presentationwasunclear.”Instead，saysomethinglike，“Theintroductionofyourpresentationwasabitconfusing.3”Thisway，thereceiverknowsexactlywhattoconcentrateonandcanmakemoretargetedimprovements.

4Thewholepointoffeedbackistohelpsomeonemakechangesforthebetter.Soyoushouldprovideideasonhowtoimprove.It’scrucial，however，toensurethatyourideasareactionable.Forinstance，“Youneedtoworkonyourcommunicationskills”soundstoogeneral.Itwouldbemuchbetterifyousay，“Trypracticingactivelisteningandsummarizingwhatotherssaytoensureyouunderstandthemfully.”

Betimely.5Itonlyworksifithappensveryclosetoanissuearising.Forexample，sayyou’rewithacoworkerandnoticesomethinginthesalespitchheisworkingon.Insteadofwaitingforhimtorunintoproblems，providethefeedbackrightaway.Thisgivesthereceiverthechancetomakechangesandavoidproblems.

A．Offerpracticaladvice.

B．Focusonmakingchanges.

C．Ithelpsuslearnfromourmistakesandgrow.

D．Itlacksacleartopicsentenceatthebeginning.

E．Feedbackisn’tofmuchuseifitcomestoolate.

F．Thefeedbackacknowledgesthehardworkthepersondid.

G．Instead，beginbyrecognizingtheireffortandwhattheygotright.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了提供有效反馈的几个关键要素，包括以积极的方式开始、内容具体明确、提供实用的建议以及及时反馈。

语境猜词①constructive(派)＝construct＋iveadj.建设性的②presentation(派)＝present＋ationn．参考答案

A

(2025·江西部分学校一模)

Haveyouevernoticedthatsomepeopleseemtoclimbthecareerladder(梯子)①effortlessly，whileothersstruggletogettheirfootonthefirststep1Often，it’sabouttheMatthewEffect：theideathatinitialsuccesscancreateasnowballeffect，makingfuturesuccesseasiertoachieve.Understandinghowitworkscanhelpyoumakeuseofittoyouradvantage.

2Thinkofyourselfasayoungdesignerwholandsa②high-profileclientearlyon.Thatoneproject，ifhandledwell，opensthedoortobiggeropportunities，referrals(推荐)andagrowingcollectionofimpressivework.3Whenyourmanagerseesyouexcelinthefirstplace，they’remorelikelytotrustyouwithbiggerresponsibilities.

③VisibilityiscrucialtotheMatthewEffect.4Ifyouareanemployeewhoconsistentlydeliversoutstandingworkbutdoesn’tsharethat，youmaybe④overshadowedbyacoworkerwho’sjustascompetentbutbetteratself-promotion.Considertheexampleofamid-levelmarketingmanager.Byregularlypresentingtheirteam’sresultsatcompanymeetings，theyensureleadershipassociatestheirnamewithsuccess.Thisvisibilitycanleadtoopportunitieslikepromotions，speakingengagements，orevenbeing⑤headhuntedbyothercompanies.

AnotherkeydriveroftheMatthewEffectisthepowerofnetworks.Peoplewithstrongprofessionalnetworksareoftenexposedtomoreopportunitiesthanthosewithlimitedconnections.Psychologically，peopletendtoassociatesuccesswithcompetence.5Thisiswhynetworkingisn’tjustaboutmeetingpeople—it’saboutcreatingmeaningfulrelationshipsthatleadtotrustandmutual(相互的)benefit.

A．Visibilitycontributestotheinteractionwithcelebratedpeople.

B．It’snotalwaysabouttalentorhardwork—thoughbotharevital.

C．Moreclientswanttoworkwithyouwhenyou’realreadysuccessful.

D．Ifpeopledon’tknowaboutyourachievements，it’shardtoobtainmoresuccess.

E．Thefirstbigbreakinyourcareeroftensetsthestageforeverythingthatfollows.

F．Earlyrecognitionbuildsconfidence—notjustinthepeoplearoundyou，butinyourself.

G．Ifyou’rerecommendedbysomeonerespectedinyourfield，therecommendationcarriesweight.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马太效应的概念及其在职业发展中的应用与影响。

1．答案B

解析由上文“Haveyouevernoticedthatsomepeopleseemtoclimbthecareerladder(梯子)effortlessly，whileothersstruggletogettheirfootonthefirststep？”和下文“Often，it’sabouttheMatthewEffect：theideathatinitialsuccesscancreateasnowballeffect，makingfuturesuccesseasiertoachieve.”可知，上文提到有些人事业顺利，而有些人事业艰难，下文解释了这种现象的原因。B选项“事业成功并不总是关于天赋或努力工作，虽然这两点都很重要”能够承接上文的现象，并引出下文对事业成功因素的进一步说明，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。

2．答案E

解析由上文“Understandinghowitworkscanhelpyoumakeuseofittoyouradvantage.”和下文“Thinkofyourselfasayoungdesignerwholandsahigh-profileclientearlyon.Thatoneproject，ifhandledwell，opensthedoortobiggeropportunities，referrals(推荐)andagrowingcollectionofimpressivework.”可知，本空应强调初次的重大突破对后续职业生涯的积极影响，E选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。

3．答案C

解析上文“Thinkofyourselfasayoungdesignerwholandsahigh-profileclientearlyon...ofimpressivework.”提到处理好一个项目可以带来更多机会。本空应对获得更多机会的体现进行具体的解释，C选项进一步说明了成功会吸引更多客户，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。

4．答案D

解析上文“VisibilityiscrucialtotheMatthewEffect.”提出可见性对马太效应很重要。本空应进一步解释为什么可见性很重要。D选项“如果人们不知道你的成就，你就很难获得更多的成功”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。

5．答案G

解析由上文“AnotherkeydriveroftheMatthewEffectisthepowerofnetworks.Peoplewithstrongprofessionalnetworksareoftenexposedtomoreopportunitiesthanthosewithlimitedconnections.Psychologically，peopletendtoassociatesuccesswithcompetence.”和下文“Thisiswhynetworkingisn’tjustaboutmeetingpeople—it’saboutcreatingmeaningfulrelationshipsthatleadtotrustandmutual(相互的)benefit.”可知，这一段讨论的是人脉网络的力量和重要性。本空应解释建立人脉的好处。G选项进一步说明了得到领域内权威人士推荐(即建立人脉)对成功的重要性。故选G。

语境猜词①effortlessly(派)＝effort＋less＋lyadv.轻松地；毫不费劲地②high-profile(合)＝high＋profileadj.知名度高的③visibility(派)＝visib(le)＋ilityn．能见度；可见性④overshadow(合)＝over＋shadowv．使黯然失色，使显得逊色⑤headhunt(合)＝head＋huntv．挖走(人才)

B

(2025·山东菏泽一模)

XenaBiffert，adistrictscience①consultant，startedtodoalotofbackwardplanningwhentakingstudentsoutsidetomeetcurricular(课程的)outcomes.Thisapproachallowscurriculumconnectionandencouragesstudents’focusandinteresttoleadtheway.Herearefourtipsforpracticingbackwardplanningwithyourstudents.1

Knowyourcurriculum.

Manytopicsariseorganically，andyoucancoverthemthroughmini-lessonsalongtheway.Onewaytodeepenthatknowledgeistoprintitoutandmakeahabitofreviewingitdaily.2First，youdevelopa②familiaritywithit.Second，youcanseewhereyoucanmakethatconnectionnaturallywherethestudents’interestsmeet.

Begintheyearwithalearningplanandamindmap.

HavingguidingquestionshashelpedXenaformandfollowaplanfortheyear.3Forexample，“Howareweall③interconnected？”and“Whatisourstory？”Shecanassessoutcomesusingthisplanthroughouttheschoolyear.

Getstudentsoutsideregularly.

4Thisculturecreatesanopportunitytoformandanswerquestionsaboutwhathappensoutdoorsandhowitconnectstoothertopics.Astheemergentlearningarisesandthereisdailyreflectiononit，knowledgeandunderstandingemerge.Throughthisintentionalworkandreflection，teacherswillbewellequippedtoanswerquestionsintheprocess.

5

Itisimportantforstudentstoreflectontheirobservations.Weoftendon’tgettimetoreflectinourfast-pacedclassrooms.Often，reflectioniscombinedwithassessment.Aneasystartingpointisjournaling，becauseitisathoughtprocessaccessibletostudentsineverygrade.

A．Outsidelearningbuildsaculture.

B．Workoutaplanforregularjournaling.

C．Maketimeforstudentreflectionlikejournaling.

D．Suchguidingquestionsoftenariseinthebackwardplanning.

E．Thesemayallowyougreaterflexibilitytodooutdoorlearning.

F．Herreasoningforlookingatthecurriculumeverydayistwofold.

G．Xenacreatesamindmapusingthebigideabehindthequestions.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地区科学顾问XenaBiffert在带学生到户外实现课程目标时所采用的逆向规划方法，并给出了四个关于如何与学生一起实践逆向规划的建议。

1．答案E

解析根据上文“Herearefourtipsforpracticingbackwardplanningwithyourstudents.”可知，接下来要讲的内容与这些建议有关，而选项E讲述了这些建议的好处，其中的“These”指代的正是“fourtips”，且与户外学习相关，能引出下文具体建议，符合语境。故选E。

2．答案F

解析根据上文“Onewaytodeepenthatknowledgeistoprintitoutandmakeahabitofreviewingitdaily.”可知，上文建议要养成每天复习的习惯。而下文“First，youdevelopafamiliaritywithit.Second，youcanseewhereyoucanmakethatconnectionnaturallywherethestudents’interestsmeet.”则讲述了每天复习的原因。选项F符合语境，其中“twofold”与下文的“First”和“Second”相呼应。故选F。

3．答案G

解析根据上文“HavingguidingquestionshashelpedXenaformandfollowaplanfortheyear.”可知，有指导性的问题帮助她制定了一年的计划。选项G自然延续上文内容，指出这些问题背后的大概念帮助Xena创建了一个思维导图，其中的“thequestions”指的正是上文中的“guidingquestions”。故选G。

4．答案A

解析根据下文“Thisculturecreatesanopportunitytoformandanswerquestionsaboutwhathappensoutdoorsandhowitconnectstoothertopics.”可推测，空处提到了一种文化。选项A中的“Outsidelearning”与小标题Getstudentsoutsideregularly.相呼应，其中的“culture”和下文的“Thisculture”相衔接。故选A。

5．答案C

解析空处为段落小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Itisimportantforstudentstoreflectontheirobservations.Weoftendon’tgettimetoreflectinourfast-pacedclassrooms.Often，reflectioniscombinedwithassessment.Aneasystartingpointisjournaling，becauseitisathoughtprocessaccessibletostudentsineverygrade.”可知，本段主要讲述的是让学生有时间反思，如写日记。选项C是本段内容的概括。故选C。

语境猜词①consultant(派)＝consult＋antn.顾问②familiarity(派)＝familiar＋ityn．熟悉③interconnect(派)＝inter＋connectv．使互相连接

C

(2025·四川成都二模)

Whetherthingsgorightorwrong，feedbackisalwaysnecessary.1However，providingeffectivefeedbackisnoteasy，asittypicallyrequiresseveralcomponents.Nowlet’sexamineeachofthem.

Startonapositivenote.①Constructivecriticismshouldalwaysstartonapositivenote.Itfeelsunfairandrudeifsomeonetellsyoueverythingyoudidwrongwithoutacknowledgingyourachievements.Sowhengivingfeedback，don’tjustnotethemistakesthereceivershavemade.2

Bespecific.Effectivefeedbackneedstobespecific.Informthereceiverspreciselywhataspectsrequireimprovementsotheycanidentifyandaddressthoseareas.Forexample，don’tsay，“Your②presentationwasunclear.”Instead，saysomethinglike，“Theintroductionofyourpresentationwasabitconfusing.3”Thisway，thereceiverknowsexactlywhattoconcentrateonandcanmakemoretargetedimprovements.

4Thewholepointoffeedbackistohelpsomeonemakechangesforthebetter.Soyoushouldprovideideasonhowtoimprove.It’scrucial，however，toensurethatyourideasareactionable.Forinstance，“Youneedtoworkonyourcommunicationskills”soundstoogeneral.Itwouldbemuchbetterifyousay，“Trypracticingactivelisteningandsummarizingwhatotherssaytoensureyouunderstandthemfully.”

Beti