八年级英语下册Unit 5 单元自测·提升卷（解析版）

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测Unit5·提升卷学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________（时间：90分钟，满分：100分）一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1．—Tomalwayskeepshis_______.Oncehesaidit,hedidit!—Iknow!That’swhyallofustrusthim—henevergoesbackonwhathesays.A．difference B．focus C．promise D．drama【答案】C【详解】句意：——汤姆总是信守承诺。他一旦说了，就会做到！——我知道！这就是我们都信任他的原因——他从不食言。difference差异；focus焦点；promise承诺；drama戏剧。根据答句“That’swhyallofustrusthim—henevergoesbackonwhathesays”可知，前句强调汤姆“信守承诺”，“keepone’spromise”为固定搭配，意为“信守承诺”，应填promise。2．Whenitcomesto________atrestaurants,Ithinkthebestwayis________.A．eat;tokeepourvoicesdown B．eat;leaveatipC．eating;tobehavepolitely D．eating;mindtablemanners【答案】C【详解】句意：当谈到在餐厅用餐时，我认为举止礼貌是最好的方式。考查非谓语动词与动词短语。第一空：eat吃，动词原形；eating吃，动名词。whenitcomestodoingsth.“当谈到做某事时”，to是介词，后接动名词作宾语，第一空应用eating。第二空：tokeepourvoicesdown降低声音；leaveatip付小费；tobehavepolitely举止礼貌；mindtablemanners注意餐桌礼仪。第二空在句中作表语，可以用不定式或动名词形式。故选C。3．—It’sunbelievablethatscientistsarestartingtousetoolstotalkwithanimalsintheirlanguagesnow.—Sounds________tobetrue.Howdoesitwork?A．goodenough B．wellenough C．toogood D．toowell【答案】C【详解】句意：——难以置信，科学家们现在开始使用工具，用动物的语言和它们交流了。——听起来好得令人难以置信。它是怎么运作的？goodenough足够好；wellenough足够好（侧重方式）；toogood太好；toowell太好（侧重身体或方式）。根据答句“Sounds…tobetrue”可知，此处使用固定结构“too...to...”，表示“太……而不能……”，且“sounds”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，应填toogood。4．YoucanexperiencefourseasonswithinadayinLondon,soyou’dbetteralwaysbringanumbrellawithyou__________itrains.A．asif B．nowthat C．incase D．inorder【答案】C【详解】句意：在伦敦，你可以在一天内经历四个季节，所以你最好总是随身带把伞以防下雨。考查连词短语辨析。asif好像；nowthat既然；incase以防，万一；inorder整齐，有条理。根据语境，带伞是为了“以防”下雨，incase符合句意。故选C。5．—Tom,asyourbestfriend,Ihopeyoucanalwaysshareyourthoughts________withme.Youknowyoucantrustme.—Thankyou,David.Itmeansalottome.A．openly B．patiently C．quietly D．loudly【答案】A【详解】句意：——Tom，作为你最好的朋友，我希望你能一直坦诚地和我分享你的想法。你知道你可以信任我。——谢谢你，David。这对我来说意义重大。考查副词辨析。openly坦诚地、公开地；patiently耐心地；quietly安静地；loudly大声地。根据“Youknowyoucantrustme.”可知，可以信任对方，因此是能坦诚地分享想法。故选A。6．Weshouldwait________whenwewaitforthebus.A．indanger B．inline C．introuble D．infact【答案】B【详解】句意：当我们等公共汽车时，我们应该排队等候。考查介词短语辨析。indanger处于危险中；inline排队；introuble陷入麻烦；infact事实上。根据“whenwewaitforthebus”可知，等公交车时应排队等候，符合公共秩序常识。故选B。7．—________Iuseyourdictionaryforaminute?—Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A．Need B．Must C．May D．Should【答案】C【详解】句意：——我可以用一下你的词典吗？——当然。给你。考查情态动词辨析。Need需要；Must必须；May可以，表示请求许可；Should应该。根据答语“Ofcourse.Hereyouare.”表示允许，可知问句是在礼貌地请求许可。表示请求许可时，常用“MayI…?”。故选C。8．MrBrownwastoobusy__________thepapers__________hismobilephone.A．tomark;tocheck B．tomark;checking C．marking;checking D．marking;tocheck【答案】D【详解】句意：布朗先生太忙于批改试卷，没时间看手机。考查动词短语。tomark评分，动词不定式；tocheck检查，不定式；checking检查，动名词/现在分词）；marking标记，动名词/现在分词。根据固定搭配“bebusydoing”忙于做某事，因此busy后接doing，表示“忙于做某事”；toobusydoingsth.todosth.表示“太忙做某事而不能做另一事”，因此第一空用marking，第二空用tocheck。故选D。9．—________doyouusuallydotoshowyourpoliteness?—Iusuallysay“Excuseme”whenIneedtopassbyothers.A．What B．When C．Where D．How【答案】A【详解】句意：——你通常做什么来展示你的礼貌？——当我需要经过别人身边时，我通常说“打扰一下”。考查疑问词辨析。What什么；When何时；Where哪里；How如何。根据答句“Iusuallysay‘Excuseme’...”可知，问句询问的是“做什么”来表现礼貌，应使用疑问词What提问。故选A。10．—Whenwestayinanewplace,weshouldfollowthelocalcultureandcustoms.—Youhaveapoint.Justasthesayinggoes,“________.”A．Manyhandsmakelightwork B．EastorWest,homeisbestC．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo D．Nopain,nogain【答案】C【详解】句意：——当我们待在一个新地方时，我们应该遵循当地的文化和习俗。——你说得有道理。正如俗话所说，“入乡随俗。”考查谚语理解。Manyhandsmakelightwork人多力量大；EastorWest,homeisbest金窝银窝，不如自己的狗窝；WheninRome,doastheRomansdo入乡随俗；Nopain,nogain不劳无获。根据前文“followthelocalcultureandcustoms”表示遵循当地的文化和习俗，此处应表示“入乡随俗”的含义。故选C。二、完形填空。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodmannersare.Whenyougoto11indifferentpartsoftheworld,it’s12toknowtherightandwrongthingstodo.Forexample,inChina,it’sOKto13alotofnoiseinarestaurant.Infact,14arestaurantisn’tnoisyorlively,youmaythinkthere’ssomething15withit.However,inmanyWesterncountries,restaurantsare16places.Ifpeopleatatabletalktooloud,otherpeoplewhoareeatingtheremightevencomplain(抱怨)tothe17oftherestaurant.Payingthebillisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.InChina,onepersonusuallypaysfor18.InWesterncountries,onepersonpaysifheorsheisentertainingclients(客户),but19friendseattogether,theyusually20thecost.Thisiscalled“goingDutch”.Also,whenWesternerspaythebill,theyusuallyleavesomemoneyforthe21.Thisiscalled“leavingatip”.Leavingatipisthoughttobepolite.IntheUSA,it’s22toleavetipsof10%,15%,or20%ofthebill,whichisdecidedbyhow23theserviceis.Goodwaiterscanmakealotofmoney!Thewaypeopleeatfoodis24intheworld,butyoucan25thesamekindoffoodinmanycountries.ChineseandItalianfood,forexample,arepopularallovertheworld.11．A．restaurants B．hotels C．libraries D．museums12．A．popular B．difficult C．important D．enjoyable13．A．cause B．keep C．hear D．make14．A．whether B．if C．until D．whenever15．A．wrong B．interesting C．new D．boring16．A．noisy B．quiet C．busy D．clean17．A．singer B．officer C．owner D．cook18．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．none19．A．until B．when C．unless D．since20．A．use B．give C．pay D．share21．A．gatekeeper B．seller C．waiter D．visitor22．A．terrible B．common C．serious D．unusual23．A．well B．good C．bad D．useful24．A．delicious B．same C．thesame D．different25．A．express B．look C．watch D．find【答案】11．A12．C13．D14．B15．A16．B17．C18．A19．B20．D21．C22．B23．B24．D25．D【导语】本文主要介绍了世界各地的人们对良好礼仪有不同的看法，重点对比了中西方在餐馆用餐时的行为差异，包括用餐时的噪音情况、结账方式(如小费文化、分摊费用)以及不同国家存在相同食物的现象。11．句意：当你去世界各地的餐馆时，知道正确和错误的行为是很重要的。restaurants餐厅；hotels酒店；libraries图书馆；museums博物馆。根据“inarestaurant”可知，此处指去世界各地的餐馆时。故选A。12．句意：当你去世界各地的餐馆时，知道正确和错误的行为是很重要的。popular受欢迎的；difficult困难的；important重要的；enjoyable愉快的。根据“toknowtherightandwrongthingstodo.”可知，知道正确和错误的行为是重要的。故选C。13．句意：例如，在中国，在餐馆里发出声音是可以的。cause导致；keep保持；hear听见；make制造。makenoise发出噪音，为固定搭配。故选D。14．句意：事实上，如果餐馆里不嘈杂没有生机，你可能会认为它有什么问题。whether是否；if如果；until直到；whenever无论何时。根据“arestaurantisn’tnoisyorlively,”可知，如果餐馆不嘈杂，你会认为不对劲。故选B。15．句意：事实上，如果餐馆里不嘈杂没有生机，你可能会认为它有什么问题。wrong错误的；interesting有趣的；new新的；boring无聊的。根据“youmaythinkthere’ssomething”可知，你会认为不对劲，thereissomethingwrong表示“出了问题”。故选A。16．句意：然而，在许多西方国家，餐馆都是安静的地方。noisy嘈杂的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的；clean干净的。根据“However,”可知，西方国家与中国的情况恰恰相反，餐馆是安静的地方。故选B。17．句意：如果餐桌旁的人说话太大声，在那里吃饭的其他人甚至可能会向餐厅老板抱怨。singer歌手；officer官员；owner所有者；cook厨师。根据“the…oftherestaurant.”可知，此处指餐厅老板。故选C。18．句意：在中国，一个人通常会为一起吃饭的每个人付款。everybody每个人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；none没有一个。根据“InChina,onepersonusuallypaysfor”可知，中国人会为一起吃饭的每个人付款。故选A。19．句意：在西方国家，如果一个人请客，他或她会付钱，但朋友一起吃饭的时候，他们通常会分担费用。until直到；when当……时候；unless除非；since自从。根据“friendseattogether,”可知，朋友们一起吃饭的时候会分担费用，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。20．句意：在西方国家，如果一个人请客，他或她会付钱，但朋友一起吃饭的时候，他们通常会分担费用。use使用；give给；pay支付；share分担。根据“Thisiscalled‘goingDutch’.”可知，朋友们一起吃饭的时候会分担费用。故选D。21．句意：此外，当西方人付账时，他们通常会留下一些钱给服务员。gatekeeper看门人；seller卖家；waiter服务员；visitor访客。根据“Goodwaiterscanmakealotofmoney!”可知，小费是留给服务员的。故选C。22．句意：在美国，小费通常是账单的10%、15%或20%，这取决于服务的质量。terrible糟糕的；common普通的；serious严重的；unusual不同寻常的。根据“leavetipsof10%,15%,or20%ofthebill,”可知，小费通常是账单的10%、15%或20%。故选B。23．句意：在美国，小费通常是账单的10%、15%或20%，这取决于服务的质量。well好，副词；good好的，形容词；bad坏的；useful有用的。根据“whichisdecidedbyhow…theserviceis.”可知，小费的多少取决于服务有多好，系动词is后用形容词作表语。故选B。24．句意：世界上的人们吃东西的方式不同。delicious美味的；same相同的；thesame相同的；different不同的。根据“Thewaypeopleeatfoodis…intheworld,”可知，人们吃东西的方式不相同。故选D。25．句意：但在许多国家，你都可以发现同样的食物。express表达；look看；watch观看；find发现。根据“thesamekindoffoodinmanycountries”可知，虽然吃东西的方式不同，但许多国家可以发现相同的食物。故选D。三、信息还原（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。Asweknow,therearesomedifferencesbetweenWesterncultureandChineseculture.Wecanseedifferenceswhenwepayattentiontothewaywordsareused.26MostexpressionsinChineseaboutthedog,forexample,“ahomelessdog”,“amaddog”,“arunningdog”and“adogcatchingamouse”,havebadmeanings.ButinWesterncountries,dogsarethoughttobehonestandgoodfriendsofhumans.27Forexample,“youarealuckydog”meansyouarealuckyperson.And“everydoghasitsday”meanseachpersonhasgoodlucksometimes.Todescribeaperson’sseriousillness,theysay“sickasadog”.Theword“dog-tired”meansverytired.However,theChineselovecatsverymuch.28Therearemanyotherexamplesofhow“cat”isuseddifferentlyaswell.TheroseisregardedasasymbolofloveinbothChinaandsomeWesterncountries.29AndtheroseisthenationalflowerofEngland,Americaandmanyothercountries.Thewordsaboutplantsandanimalsareusedinpositiveornegativewaysindifferentcultures.30A．ButinWesternculture,“cat”isoftenusedtodescribeanunkindwoman.B．Weshouldpayattentiontothewordsaboutanimalsthatareused.C．Let’slookatsomewordsaboutanimalsandplants!D．Peoplethinktherosestandsforlove,peace,courageandfriendship.E．InEnglish,peopleusetheword“dog”todescribegoodactions.F．Wecanlearnaboutmanydifferencesinculturesbycomparinghowsomewordsareused.【答案】26．C27．E28．A29．D30．F【导语】本文主要介绍西方文化和中国文化的差异。26．根据第一段“Wecanseedifferenceswhenwepayattentiontothewaywordsareused.”可知，前文提出中西方文化在用词方面存在差异，此处应该引出下文关于动植物词汇的介绍。C选项“让我们来看一些和动植物相关的词汇”引出下文，符合逻辑。27．根据第二段“MostexpressionsinChineseaboutthedog,forexample,‘ahomelessdog’,‘amaddog’,‘arunningdog’and‘adogcatchingamouse’,havebadmeanings.ButinWesterncountries,dogsarethoughttobehonestandgoodfriendsofhumans.”可知，前文提到中文里狗相关短语大多带有贬义，而西方国家认为狗是人类的好朋友，后文举例英语中狗用来表好的含义，E选项“在英语中，人们用dog这个词来形容好的行为”承上启下，符合逻辑。28．根据第二段“However,theChineselovecatsverymuch.”可知，前文提到中国人很喜欢猫，后文说猫有很多不同用法的例子，A选项“但在西方文化中，cat常用来形容不友善的女人”体现了猫这个词的文化差异，符合逻辑。29．根据第三段“TheroseisregardedasasymbolofloveinbothChinaandsomeWesterncountries.”可知，前文提到玫瑰在中西方都被看作爱的象征，D选项“人们认为玫瑰代表爱、和平、勇气和友谊”承接前文，符合语境。30．根据第三段“AndtheroseisthenationalflowerofEngland,Americaandmanyothercountries.”以及末段“Thewordsaboutplantsandanimalsareusedinpositiveornegativewaysindifferentcultures.”可知，此处是全文总结，前文讲了不同文化中词汇使用的差异，F选项“我们可以通过比较一些词汇的用法来了解文化中的诸多差异”总结全文，呼应开头，起到总结升华的作用。四、阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)AForcenturies,Chinahasbeenknownas“astateofceremony”,whichmeansLiyiZhibang.TherewasmuchgreetingetiquetteinancientChina.Andthefist-and-palmsalute(拱手礼)wasquiteaclassicexample.Today,althoughChinesepeopleusuallyshakehandswhenmeetingfriendsandrelatives,peoplestillmakefist-and-palmsaluteswhentheyarepayingavisittosomeoneduringtheSpringFestivalorattendingsomeone’sweddingorbirthdayparty.Thefist-and-palmsalutehasahistoryofmorethan3,000years.SincetheWesternZhouDynasty,peoplehadalreadyperformeditwhenmeetingpeers(同辈).Inancienttimes,ifpeoplemetastranger,theywouldprepareforafightifnecessary,andtheirhandswerealwaysreadyforholdinganyweapon(武器).Holdinghandstogetherpointedtowardsthemselveswasagestureofsaying“relax”,meaning“I’mnotwithanyweaponandI’mnotheretopickafight”.Later,itbecametheetiquettewhenpeoplemeteachotherorshowedthanks.So,howshouldpeopledothefist-and-palmsaluteproperly?Firstly,standatattention.Ifyou’reaman,makeahalffist(拳)withyourrighthand,thenholdtherighthandwithyourlefthandinfrontofyourchest,lookattheperson,raisebothhandstotheeyebrows(眉毛),benddownandkeepthegesturesteadywithoutshaking.Atthesametime,youcanalsosaysomeluckygreetingwords.Ifyou’reawoman,youshoulddoittheotherwaywhichshouldbetherighthandonthetop.Peoplemaybemorefamiliarwiththehold-fistsalute,calledbaoquanliinChinese.Itiswidelyusedamongthekungfumastersandstudents.Thisgestureisformedbyholdingtherightfistverytightlyclosedandcoveringitwiththelefthandopen,andextendingbotharmsalittleforwardinfrontofthechest.Makesuretheleftthumb(拇指)isclosetotheindexfinger(食指)anddon’tpointitatyourself,asitshowsimpoliteness.31．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“etiquette”inParagraph1mean?A．Need. B．Manners. C．Dances. D．Groups.32．WhichpictureshowstheCORRECTwayforwomentodothefist-and-palmsalute?A． B．C． D．33．IfMikewantstodothehold-fistsalute,heshould________.A．keephisrighthandopenB．puthisrighthandonhislefthandC．notpointhisleftthumbathimselfD．notholdouthisarms34．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Therearenostandardsforthesetwosalutes.B．Thefist-and-palmsaluteismorecommoninkungfu.C．Now,peoplecelebrateone’sbirthdaywiththehold-fistsalute.D．Thesetwosalutesseemsimilar,buttheyarequitedifferent.【答案】31．B32．B33．C34．D【导语】本文介绍了中国传统的拱手礼和抱拳礼的历史起源、正确做法以及文化内涵，说明了这两种礼仪的相似之处与核心区别。31．词句猜测题。根据第1段中“greetingetiquette”及后文对“拱手礼”的介绍可知，“etiquette”指的是“礼仪、礼节”，与“manners”含义一致。故选B。32．细节理解题。根据第3段中“Ifyou’reawoman,youshoulddoittheotherwaywhichshouldbetherighthandonthetop.”可知，女性行拱手礼时，右手应放在上方。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据第4段中“Makesuretheleftthumbisclosetotheindexfingeranddon’tpointitatyourself,asitshowsimpoliteness.”可知，行抱拳礼时，不要用左手拇指指向自己。故选C。34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了拱手礼和抱拳礼的不同做法与文化内涵，说明二者看似相似，但实际有明显区别。选项A错误（文中明确给出了标准），选项B错误（抱拳礼在功夫中更常见），选项C错误（文中未提及用抱拳礼庆祝生日）。故选D。BRichardTurerehasalwaysenjoyedmakingthingsusingoldobjectsorinventingsomethingnew.AndhelivesneartheNairobiNationalParkinKenya.Itishometorhinos,giraffes,lionsandmanyotheranimalsthatliveinKenya.Whenhewasnine,Richardbegantolookafterhisfamily’scowsandsheep.Thebigproblemwasthelions.“Theyusedtocomeatnightandfeedonourcowswhenweweresleeping,”saysRichard.Thenonenight,ashewaswalkingaroundthecowshed(牛棚)withaflashlightinhishand,henoticedsomething.“Thatdaythelionsdidn’tcome.”Richardrealizedthatlionsarescaredofamovinglight.Sohehadanidea.Usingsomeusedpartsfromacar,Richardsetupsomeflashinglightstotrickthelionsintothinkingthatpeoplewerewalkingaroundthecowshed.Thelionsdidn'tcomenear.Soonotherfamilieswereusinghis“lionlights”.Richard’slionlightscostjusttendollarstomake.Theyhavenotonlyhelpedthefarmersbutalsothelions.Manylionshavebeenkilledbyfarmerstoprotecttheiranimals.Now,acrossKenya,Richard’sideahasbeenusedbyfarmerstoprotecttheiranimals.RichardhasbeenacceptedintooneofKenya’stopschools.“Oneyearago,Iwasjustaboylookingaftermyfather’scows.NowIwanttobeanengineerorapilot.”35．Richardgottheideaofmaking“lionlights”whenhewas________.A．walkingaroundthecowshed B．feedingcowsC．sleepingatnight D．playingwithaflashlight36．WhydidRichard'sinventionhelpthelions?A．Thelightsmadelionssaferinthepark.B．Thelightshelpedlionsfindfoodeasily.C．Lionslikedtheflashinglightsverymuch.D．Farmersnolongerkilledlionstoprotecttheiranimals.37．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．LionsaredangerousanimalsinKenya.B．RichardisastudentatatopschoolinKenya.C．NairobiNationalParkisagoodplaceforanimals.D．Richardinvented“lionlights”toprotectcowsandlions.【答案】35．A36．D37．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了肯尼亚少年RichardTurere发明“狮子灯”来保护家畜和狮子的故事，展现了他的创造力和对野生动物保护的贡献。35．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thenonenight,ashewaswalkingaroundthecowshedwithaflashlightinhishand,henoticedsomething...Richardrealizedthatlionsarescaredofamovinglight.Sohehadanidea.”可知，Richard是在绕着牛棚走的时候，注意到狮子害怕移动的光，从而产生了制作“狮子灯”的想法。故选A。36．细节理解题。根据第四段中Manylionshavebeenkilledbyfarmerstoprotecttheiranimals.Now,acrossKenya,Richard’sideahasbeenusedbyfarmerstoprotecttheiranimals.”可知，在Richard的发明之前，许多狮子被农民杀死以保护他们的家畜，而现在农民们使用“狮子灯”来保护家畜，就不再杀狮子了，所以这项发明帮助了狮子。故选D。37．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Richard发明“狮子灯”来保护家畜，同时这种发明也间接保护了狮子，避免了农民为保护家畜而杀害狮子的情况。选项D“Richardinvented‘lionlights’toprotectcowsandlions.”准确地概括了文章的主旨。故选D。C

Nowadays,teenagers’consumptionconcepts(消费观)andlifestylesarechangingquietly.Withthedevelopmentofsociety,teenagersnolongerbuyexpensivethingsblindly.Instead,theyarepayingmoreattentiontothevalueformoney(性价比)ofproducts.Thisnewwayofconsumptioniscalledreverse(反向的)consumption,whichactuallyencouragespeoplenottowastemoney.Whiletraditionalconsumptionalwaysmakespeoplebuythenewexpensiveproducts,reverseconsumptionleadspeopletothinkaboutthequalityofproducts.Thishasbecomepopularamongteenagersandimpactsontheirbuyingdecisions.Sotheyshouldthinktwiceaboutwhattheyaregoingtobuy.Moreandmoreteenagershavebeguntocareabouttheharmofblindconsumptiontotheenvironment.Theyhaverealizedthatblindconsumptionnotonlycauseswaste,butalsocausesenvironmentalpollution.So,theyaretryingtoreduceitsinfluenceontheenvironmentthroughthisnewwayofconsumption.They’rechoosingproductsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.What’smore,reverseconsumptionisinfluencingpeople’sunderstandingofabetterlife.Youngpeoplevaluetheirownsatisfaction(满意)morethanthepriceofproducts,andtheybelievethatameaningfullifecanbeachievedthroughreverseconsumption.Forexample,theymaychoosetospendmoneyonexperiencesuchastravelingorculturalactivitiesratherthanspendingmuchtimewatchingTV.Inaword,reverseconsumptionisquitedifferentfromthetraditionalconsumptionofbuyingthings.Teenagersrealizethatexpensivethingsdonotbringthemhappiness.Theypaymoreattentiontopersonalgrowthandspiritualwealthratherthanthebuildingofmaterialrelationship,soreverseconsumptionisadecisive(决定性的)changeinsociety.38．Ifyoubuy________,thatmeansyouhavereverseconsumption.A．amodeltruckthatismadeofplasticB．anamazingringthatyouseldomwearC．anexpensivehandbagthathaspoorqualityD．asecond-handbagthatyoulikeverymuch39．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“impactson”inParagraph2mean?A．decides. B．influences. C．provides. D．avoids.40．WhydoesthewritermentiontheexampleinParagraph4?A．ToleadpeopletowatchcultureactivitiesonTV.B．Toencouragepeoplenottoconsiderthepriceofproducts.C．Totellpeoplereverseconsumptionleadsthemtoameaningfullife.D．Toremindpeoplereverseconsumptionmaycauseenvironmentalpollution.41．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Teenagers’LifestyleChangesB．ReverseConsumptionAmongTeenagersC．EnvironmentallyFriendlyProductchoicesD．TraditionalandNewConsumptionDifferences【答案】38．D39．B40．C41．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了青少年消费观念和生活方式的变化，特别是反向消费的兴起。38．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Instead,theyarepayingmoreattentiontothevalueformoney(性价比)ofproducts.Thisnewwayofconsumptioniscalledreverse(反向的)consumption...”可知，反向消费注重产品的性价比。选项D“一个你非常喜欢的二手包”符合性价比高的特点，因此是反向消费的体现。故选D。39．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Thishasbecomepopularamongteenagersandimpactsontheirbuyingdecisions.Sotheyshouldthinktwiceaboutwhattheyaregoingtobuy.”可知，这种消费观念在青少年中很流行，并且对他们的购买决定产生了影响。结合选项可知，“impactson”在此处意为“影响”。故选B。40．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“What’smore,reverseconsumptionisinfluencingpeople’sunderstandingofabetterlife...theybelievethatameaningfullifecanbeachievedthroughreverseconsumption.”可知，作者举“花钱体验旅行或文化活动”的例子，是为了说明反向消费能引导人们过上有意义的生活。故选C。41．最佳标题题。文章主要围绕“反向消费在青少年中的兴起及其影响”进行阐述，介绍了反向消费的特点、青少年对盲目消费危害的认识以及反向消费如何影响他们对美好生活的理解。因此，选项B“青少年中的反向消费”最符合文章主旨。故选B。DIsthereanyoneyouhate?Well,maybeyoudon’treallyhatehim.Butyougetreallyangryeverytimeyouthinkofhim.Ifyoudon’tletthisangergo,itcanturnintobitterness(痛苦).Bitternessappearswhenwecan’tforgivesomeonewhohashurtusormadeusangry.Someonemightsayordosomethingthathurtsus.Butinsteadofcontrollingtheanger,wekeepitdeepinside.Beforelong,abitterfeelingbeginstogrow.Wemaythinkwe’rehurtingthatpersonbycriticizing(指责)himorheroften,butwe’rereallyonlyhurtingourselves.Bitternesscannotonlyleadtoserioushealthproblemssuchasheartdisease,butalsohurtourrelationshipswithfriendsandfamilymembers.Nooneenjoysbeingaroundanangrypersonforverylong.Ifyouseebitternessinyourlife,herearesomewaystodealwithit.※AcceptitInsteadoftryingtodenyyouranger,makeitcleartoyourselfandacceptit.Seeyourangerforwhatitisandquicklydealwithit.※StopmakingexcusesforitYoumayfeelyouhavearighttobeangry.Youmaythinkyou’rerightandtheotherpersoniswrong.Youmayevensecretlyenjoymakingtheotherpersonlookbad.Butintheend,bitternesshurtsyoumuchmorethantheotherperson.Thebitternesswillholdyouback,andtheotherpersonwillgoonwithhisorherlife.※ForgiveandforgetitYouprobablycan’tcompletelyputtheangeroutofyourmind.Butyoucandecidetoforgivetheotherperson.Forgetitandmoveon.You’llenjoybetterhealthandpeaceofmind.42．Accordingtothepassage,wemightgetangrywhensomeone________.A．holdsusback B．forgetsus C．doesn’tlikeus D．hurtsus43．Bitternesscomesfrom________.A．ourhealthproblemslikeheartdiseaseB．theangerthatlivesdeepinsideourmindsC．thepersonwhosayssomethingthathurtsusD．ourrelationshipswithfriendsandfamilymembers44．Theunderlinedword“deny”means“________”inChinese.A．误解 B．否认 C．疏远 D．减轻45．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Weshouldenjoysomeonewhohurtsus.B．Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoourfriends.C．Thepeaceofmindismoreimportantthanthehurtitself.D．It’sbettertoletbitternessgoalongwiththeotherperson.【答案】42．D43．B44．B45．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了愤怒和痛苦（bitterness）的成因、危害以及应对方法。文章指出，痛苦源于无法原谅伤害我们的人，长期压抑愤怒会导致健康问题和人际关系恶化，并提出了接受愤怒、停止为其找借口以及学会宽恕的解决方式。42．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Someonemightsayordosomethingthathurtsus.”可知，愤怒源于被他人伤害。故选D。43．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Bitternessappearswhenwecan’tforgivesomeone…wekeepitdeepinside.”可知，痛苦源于内心压抑的愤怒。故选B。44．词句猜测题。根据文章第5段“Insteadoftryingtodenyyouranger,makeitcleartoyourself…”（不要试图否认你的愤怒，要明确并接受它）及下文的“acceptit”可推知，“deny”意为“否认”。故选B。45．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Forgetitandmoveon.You’llenjoybetterhealthandpeaceofmind.”（学会宽恕并向前看，你会获得更好的健康和内心平静）可知，内心的平静比伤害本身更重要。故选C。五、单词拼写。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)46．Iprefertoliveinthep________(平静的)countrysideratherthanliveinnoisycities.【答案】peaceful/eaceful【详解】句意：我更喜欢住在宁静的乡村，而不是喧闹的城市。peaceful“平静的”，形容词作定语修饰名词countryside。故填peaceful。47．Weshouldlearntoacceptdifferentopinionsr________(尊重地).【答案】respectfullyespectfully【详解】句意：我们应该学会尊重地接受不同的意见。accept是动词，表达“接受”的动作，而“尊重地”是用来描述“接受”这个动作的方式，所以需要一个副词来修饰动词accept。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，“尊重地”的英文表达是respectfully。故填respectfully。48．I’llprobablygowithyou.Ineedtocheckmyplansfirst.Pleasewaitformyr________(答复).【答案】reply/eply【详解】句意：我大概率会和你一起去，我需要先核实一下我的计划，请等我的答复。句中“my...”提示空格处需用可数名词单数，在句中作宾语，根据首字母和中文提示可知“答复”对应单词reply，无需变形。故填reply。49．TominvitedJennytohisbirthdayparty,butsher________(拒绝)him.【答案】refused/efused【详解】句意：汤姆邀请珍妮参加他的生日派对，但是她拒绝了他。空格处需填入动词作谓语，中文提示“拒绝”以及首字母“r”对应单词refuse，句子时态为一般过去时，refuse的过去式在词尾直接加-d。故填refused。50．Maryoftenhelpshermotherwashthedirtyp________(盘子)andbowlsafterdinner.【答案】plates/lates【详解】句意：玛丽经常在晚饭后帮妈妈洗脏盘子和碗。结合首字母“p”和“盘子”的含义，且“bowls”是复数形式，对应的英文复数名词是“plates”。故填plates。六、词汇运用（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）将方框中所给词组的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。runinto,eventhough,atonce,takenotes,cooloff51．Heisstillworkingontheproject,it’sverylate.52．Swimmingismyfavouritewaytoonahotsummerday.53．Sandycaughtmyarmandstoppedmefromthetree.54．Whenthebellrang,allthestudentsstoodupandwalkedoutoftheclassroom.55．JohnwasbusywhileKatewasgivingaspeech.【答案】51．eventhough52．cooloff53．runninginto54．atonce55．takingnotes【解析】51．句意：尽管已经很晚了，他仍在继续做这个项目。根据“it’sverylate”及备选短语可知，这里表示“尽管已经很晚了，他仍在继续做这个项目”，eventhough“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故填eventhough。52．句意：在炎热的夏天，游泳是我最喜欢的降温方式。根据“onahotsummerday”及备选短语可知，这里表示“游泳是我最喜欢的降温方式”，cooloff“冷却/凉快下来”，为动词短语，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填cooloff。53．句意：桑迪抓住我的胳膊，阻止我撞到树上。根据“thetree”及备选短语可知，这里表示“阻止我撞到树上”，runinto“撞上/偶然遇见”，为动词短语，from是介词，后接动名词形式。故填runninginto。54．句意：铃响时，所有学生立刻站起来走出了教室。根据“walkedoutoftheclassroom”及备选短语可知，这里表示“所有学生立刻站起来走出了教室”，atonce“立刻”，为副词短语，修饰动词短语stoodup。故填atonce。55．句意：凯特演讲时，约翰正忙着记笔记。根据“whileKatewasgivingaspeech”及备选短语可知，这里表示“约翰正忙着记笔记”，takenotes“记笔记”，为动词短语，bebusydoingsth.表示“忙于做某事”，take需用动名词形式。故填takingnotes。七、短文填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)根据短文内容和括号里所给单词，在下文空格处填入所给词的适当形式使短文完整。Igrewupwithtwoeldersisters.IfIwasn’tcourteous(谦恭的)tothem,they’dfixme.Mysistersmadethemostofeverychance56(train)mehowtobeacourteousgentleman.Theymademeopendoorsforthemorhelpthemintotheirchairsatdinner.Yearslater,Iwentawaytocollege.ThefirsttimeIwalkedintothelibrary,Inoticedawomanwalking57meandIheldthedooropenforher.However,sheglared(怒视)atme,askingloudly,“DoyouthinkthatbecauseI’mawoman,I’mnotstrongenough58(open)adoorformyself?”Sheslammedthedoor,leavingmesurprisedand59(speech).Myfaceburnt.Idecidedthattherewouldbenomorecourtesy!AsIstoodthere,anotherladycametowardsthedoor.Seeingherarmsoverloadedwithtextbooks,Iinstinctively(本能地)reachedouttoopenthedoorforher.ThemomentI60(realize)whatIhaddone,Ipreparedmyselfforshouts.ButIreceivedawarmsmileandalookofrelief.“Thanks!”shesaidbrightly.“61isnicetoseewestillhaveafewgentlemenaroundhere!”Ofcourse,ifIwerereallyagentleman,Iwouldhaveofferedtohelpwithherbooks.Istillenjoyedthegood62(feel)Igotfromperforminganactofsimplecourtesy.Itwouldbetogoagainstmylifetimeoftraining63Ididthat.Courtesybringspleasantandrefreshinglighttoourliveswhetherwearethegiver,the64(receive)orjustaninterestedobserver(旁观者).Courtesydoesn’tnecessarily(必然地)changeourlives,butitcan65(certain)changethewaywefeelaboutlife.Sometimesit’sjustasimpleniceactiontoothers,butitcanmakeagreatday.【答案】56．totrain57．behind58．toopen59．speechless60．realized61．It62．feeling63．if64．receiver65．certainly【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从小在两位姐姐的教导下学习礼仪，但在大学时因帮助一位女士开门而遭到误解，随后又因帮助另一位女士而获得感谢的经历。通过这些经历，作者体会到礼仪的重要性——它能为生活带来愉悦和清新，无论我们是给予者、接受者还是旁观者。56．句意：我的姐姐们会抓住一切机会