八年级英语下册Unit 5 单元自测·南京专用·2025中考新题型（解析版）

-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测Unit5·南京专用·2025年中考新题型学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________（时间：90分钟，满分：90分）一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）1.It'spolitetosay"Excuseme"whenyou______someoneforhelpinpublic.A.ask B.tell C.speak D.talk【答案】A【解析】句意：在公共场合向别人求助时说“打扰一下”是有礼貌的。考查固定搭配asksb.forhelp（向某人求助）。tell（告诉）、speak（说，后接语言）、talk（谈论）均不与该结构搭配，故填A。2.—Whydidn'tyouaccepttheinvitationtotheparty?—Iwas______busywithmyhomework______goout.A.so;that B.too;to C.enough;to D.such;that【答案】B【解析】句意：——你为什么不接受派对的邀请？——我作业太忙了，没法出去。考查固定结构too...to...（太……而不能……），后接动词原形。so...that...后接从句；enough...to...表“足够……去做……”，enough需后置；such...that...后接从句，such后接名词短语。结合语境，故填B。3.Inmanycountries,peopleare______patient______waitinlineatthebusstop.A.very;to B.so;that C.enough;to D.too;to【答案】C【解析】句意：在很多国家，人们足够有耐心在公交站排队等候。考查固定结构enough...to...（足够……去做……），enough修饰形容词时需后置。very不与todo搭配；so...that...、too...to...不符合语境，故填C。4.Weshould______ourvoicesdowninthelibrary.It'soneofthebasicmanners.A.keep B.take C.make D.turn【答案】A【解析】句意：我们在图书馆应该压低声音。这是基本礼仪之一。考查固定短语keepone'svoicedown（压低声音）。take（拿）、make（制作）、turn（转动）均不与该短语搭配，故填A。5.—WhatdoyouthinkofthenewruleaboutwastesortinginNanjing?—It's______important______everyoneshouldfollowit.A.too;to B.so;that C.enough;to D.such;that【答案】B【解析】句意：——你觉得南京的垃圾分类新规怎么样？——它如此重要，以至于每个人都应该遵守。考查固定结构so...that...（如此……以至于……），so后接形容词或副词。such...that...后接从句，such后接名词短语；too...to...、enough...to...后接动词原形，不符合语境，故填B。6.Thelittlegirlis______kind______sharehertoyswithallherclassmates.A.enough;to B.too;to C.so;that D.such;that【答案】A【解析】句意：这个小女孩足够善良，愿意和所有同学分享她的玩具。考查固定结构enough...to...（足够……去做……），enough修饰形容词kind时需后置。too...to...表否定含义；so...that...、such...that...后接从句，不符合语境，故填A。7.Whenvisitingafriend'shome,youshouldn't______withoutknockingatthedoorfirst.A.cutin B.goout C.comein D.putin【答案】C【解析】句意：拜访朋友家时，你不应该没敲门就进去。考查动词短语辨析。cutin（插话）、goout（出去）、comein（进来）、putin（投入）。结合“withoutknockingatthedoor”的语境，故填C。8.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,morepeopleusee-hongbaotoshowthanks,butit'sstillimportanttolearn______mannersindailycommunication.A.traditional B.modern C.foreign D.special【答案】A【解析】句意：随着科技的发展，越来越多的人用电子红包表达谢意，但学习日常交流中的传统礼仪仍然很重要。考查形容词辨析。traditional（传统的）、modern（现代的）、foreign（外国的）、special（特别的）。结合“e-hongbao”的对比语境，故填A。9.—Istheparkcleanenoughforustohaveapicnic?—Yes.Weshouldalsoremembernotto______litterthere.A.carry B.leave C.take D.drop【答案】B【解析】句意：——这个公园够干净，适合我们野餐吗？——是的。我们也应该记住不要在那里留下垃圾。考查动词辨析。carry（携带）、leave（留下）、take（带走）、drop（掉落）。leavelitter为常用搭配，意为“留下垃圾”，故填B。10.Theteachertoldusthatweshouldbemodestandnot______praiseopenlywhenothersspeakhighlyofus.A.accept B.refuse C.receive D.return【答案】A【解析】句意：老师告诉我们，我们应该保持谦虚，当别人高度赞扬我们时，不要公开接受赞美。考查动词辨析。accept（主观接受）、refuse（拒绝）、receive（客观收到）、return（归还）。结合“bemodest”的语境，强调主观上不接受赞美，故填A。Goodmannersareimportantineveryschool.Asastudent,weshouldknowhowtobehaveproperly.Whenhavingclasses,weshouldlistentoteacherscarefullyandnottalk11______.Ifwewanttoaskaquestion,weshouldputupourhandsfirst.Afterclass,weshouldn'truninthehallwaysbecauseit's12______dangerous.Weshouldbekindtoourclassmatesandhelpthoseinneed.It'snotpolitetolaughatothers'mistakes.Wheneatinginthedininghall,weshouldwaitinlineandnotjumpthe13______.Weshouldn'ttaketoomuchfoodandwasteit.Also,weshouldkeepthedininghallclean.Followingthesesmallrulescanmakeourschoollifemore14______.Remember,goodmannerscanhelpusgetalongwellwithothers.Let's15______tobepolitestudents.11.A.loudly B.clearly C.quietly D.slowly12.A.few B.afew C.little D.alittle13.A.road B.line C.street D.way14.A.boring B.difficult C.pleasant D.tiring15.A.try B.stop C.forget D.dislike【答案】11.A 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨大意为：良好的礼仪在校园生活中至关重要，文章针对课堂、课后、食堂就餐等不同场景，给出了学生应当遵守的行为规范，旨在引导学生规范自身行为，友好待人，共创和谐的校园生活。11.句意：上课时，我们应该认真听老师讲课，不要大声说话。解析：考查副词辨析。loudly（大声地）、clearly（清晰地）、quietly（安静地）、slowly（慢慢地）。上课需保持安静，不能大声交谈，故填A。12.句意：课后，我们不应该在走廊里奔跑，因为那样有点危险。解析：考查限定词用法。few和afew修饰可数名词复数；little修饰不可数名词表否定；alittle可修饰形容词，表“有点”。dangerous是形容词，故填D。13.句意：在食堂吃饭时，我们应该排队等候，不要插队。解析：考查固定短语。jumptheline是固定搭配，意为“插队”，符合就餐礼仪的语境，故填B。14.句意：遵守这些小规则能让我们的校园生活更愉快。解析：考查形容词辨析。boring（无聊的）、difficult（困难的）、pleasant（愉快的）、tiring（令人疲惫的）。遵守礼仪规范会让校园生活更和谐美好，故填C。15.句意：让我们努力做有礼貌的学生。解析：考查动词辨析。trytodosth.（努力做某事）、stoptodosth.（停下来去做另一件事）、forgettodosth.（忘记去做某事）、disliketodosth.（不喜欢做某事）。结合语境，应是努力成为有礼貌的学生，故填A。二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）Sportsarenotonlyaboutwinningorlosing.Theyalsoteachusimportantlessonsaboutgoodmanners.Lastmonth,ourschoolheldabasketballmatchagainstNo.3MiddleSchool.Beforethematch,allplayersshookhandswitheachother16______afriendlyway.Itwasasignofrespect.Duringthematch,ourteamwasintheleadatfirst.Butthen,oneofourplayers,Tom,gothurtaccidentally.TheplayerfromtheotherteamwhocausedtheaccidentimmediatelystoppedplayingandcametocheckonTom.Hesaid"sorry"sincerely.Thatmadeusfeel17______.Later,Tomwasabletocontinueplaying.Inthesecondhalf,thematchbecamemoreexciting.Bothteamsplayedveryhard.AplayerfromNo.3MiddleSchoolfelldownwhenrunning.Ourcaptain,LiMing,ranovertohelphimstandup18______thinkingtwice.EveryoneonthecourtcheeredforLiMing'skindness.Finally,wewonthematchbytwopoints.Afterthematch,wedidn'tlaughatthelosingteam.19______,weshookhandswiththemagainandsaid"welldone".ThecoachofNo.3MiddleSchoolpraisedusforourgoodmanners.Hesaidthatthetruespiritofsportsisnotjustwinning,butalsorespectingothersandbeingkind.Thismatchtaughtmealot.Goodmannersinsportscanmakethegamemoreenjoyableforeveryone.Ithelpsusbuildfriendship20______differentteams.Weshould21______rememberthatwinningisn'teverything.Evenifwe22______agame,weshouldn'tloseourgoodmanners.Sportsteachusimportant23______aboutrespectandkindnessthatwecanuseindailylife.Thematchwas24______,butthefriendshipandgoodmannerswegainedaremoremeaningfulthantheresult.Nomatterwhetherwewinorlose,weshouldalwaysremembertobepoliteandrespectful.That'sthemost25______thingwecangetfromsports.16.A.on B.in C.with D.for17.A.angry B.sad C.warm D.cold18.A.without B.with C.after D.before19.A.Besides B.However C.Instead D.Also20.A.between B.among C.during D.through21.A.never B.always C.sometimes D.seldom22.A.win B.beat C.lose D.miss23.A.lessons B.books C.games D.matches24.A.boring B.exciting C.tiring D.difficult25.A.useful B.careful C.harmful D.valuable【答案】16.B 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.A 21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主旨大意为：文章通过讲述一场校际篮球比赛的经历，点明体育运动的真谛不仅在于输赢，更在于尊重他人、秉持良好礼仪；赛场中的善意举动能够增进团队间的友谊，而从运动中收获的尊重与友善的道理，也能应用到日常生活中。16.句意：比赛开始前，所有运动员都以友好的方式互相握手。解析：考查固定搭配。inafriendlyway意为“以友好的方式”，on、with、for均不能构成该搭配，故填B。17.句意：他真诚地道了歉，这让我们感到很温暖。解析：考查形容词辨析。angry（生气的）、sad（难过的）、warm（温暖的）、cold（冷漠的）。对方球员主动关心受伤的汤姆并道歉，这种行为让人感到温暖，故填C。18.句意：我们的队长李明毫不犹豫地跑过去扶他站起来。解析：考查介词用法。withoutthinkingtwice是固定短语，意为“毫不犹豫”。with（带着）、after（在……之后）、before（在……之前）均不符合语境，故填A。19.句意：赛后，我们没有嘲笑失利的队伍，反而再次和他们握手并说了“打得好”。解析：考查副词辨析。besides（此外）、however（然而）、instead（反而）、also（也）。前文“不嘲笑”和后文“握手称赞”是转折替代关系，instead符合语境，故填C。20.句意：它有助于我们在不同的球队之间建立友谊。解析：考查介词辨析。between强调“在两者或两两之间”，among强调“在三者及以上的群体之中”，during（在……期间）、through（通过）不符合搭配。球队之间的友谊是两两之间的互动，故填A。21.句意：我们应该始终记住，输赢并不是一切。解析：考查副词辨析。never（从不）、always（始终）、sometimes（有时）、seldom（很少）。结合主旨，我们要时刻牢记这个道理，故填B。22.句意：即使我们输掉了比赛，也不应该丢掉良好的礼仪。解析：考查动词辨析。win（赢得）、beat（打败）、lose（输掉）、miss（错过）。前文提及输赢不是一切，此处对应“输掉比赛”的情况，故填C。23.句意：运动教给我们关于尊重与善良的重要道理，这些道理可以在日常生活中运用。解析：考查名词辨析。lessons（道理，教训）、books（书籍）、games（游戏）、matches（比赛）。teachsb.lessons意为“教给某人道理”，符合语境，故填A。24.句意：这场比赛很令人兴奋，但我们收获的友谊和良好礼仪比比赛结果更有意义。解析：考查形容词辨析。boring（无聊的）、exciting（令人兴奋的）、tiring（令人疲惫的）、difficult（困难的）。结合前文“thematchbecamemoreexciting”可知比赛很精彩，故填B。25.句意：无论输赢，我们都应该永远记得彬彬有礼、尊重他人，这是我们能从运动中得到的最珍贵的东西。解析：考查形容词辨析。useful（有用的）、careful（小心的）、harmful（有害的）、valuable（珍贵的）。“有礼貌、懂尊重”是比比赛结果更珍贵的收获，故填D。三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）（A）Animalsareourfriends,andit'sourdutytotreatthemwithgoodmanners.Manypeopledon'trealizethattheirsmallactionscanaffectanimalsalot.Inzoos,somevisitorsliketofeedanimalswiththeirownfood.Butthisisnotagoodhabit.Mostanimalshavespecialdiets,andhumanfoodcanmakethemsick.Also,feedinganimalsmaymakethemlosetheirabilitytofindfoodbythemselves.Anotherbadbehavioristappingontheglassofanimalcages.Thiswillscaretheanimalsandmakethemfeelnervous.Whenwemeetstrayanimalsonthestreet,weshouldbekindtothem.Wecangivethemsomecleanfoodandwaterifwehave.Butweshouldn'thurtthemordrivethemaway.Somepeoplethrowstonesatstraydogsorcats.Thisisverycruel.Protectinganimalswithgoodmannersisnotdifficult.Wejustneedtofollowsomesimplerules.Don'tdisturbanimalswhentheyareeatingorsleeping.Don'ttakephotoswithflashwhenvisitingwildlifeparks.Bydoingthesesmallthings,wecanmaketheworldabetterplaceforbothhumansandanimals.26.Whyshouldn'twefeedanimalsinzooswithhumanfood?A.Becauseit'stooexpensive.B.Becauseitcanmakeanimalssickandlosetheabilitytofindfood.C.Becauseanimalsdon'tlikehumanfood.D.Becausethezoodoesn'tallowvisitorstobringfood.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scare"meaninChinese?A.使害怕 B.使高兴 C.使平静 D.使兴奋28.Whatshouldwedowhenwemeetstrayanimals?A.Throwstonesatthem. B.Drivethemaway.C.Givethemcleanfoodandwaterifpossible. D.Takethemhomewithoutpermission.29.Whichofthefollowingisagoodmannerwhenvisitingwildlifeparks?A.Tapontheglassofanimalcages. B.Takephotoswithflash.C.Disturbanimalswhentheyaresleeping. D.Followtherulesanddon'thurtanimals.30.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Animalsareourfriends. B.Weshouldtreatanimalswithgoodmanners.C.Weshouldprotectstrayanimals. D.Don'tfeedanimalsinzoos.【答案】26.B 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨大意为：动物是人类的朋友，我们有责任以良好的礼仪对待它们。文章列举了在动物园投喂动物、敲打笼舍玻璃等不良行为的危害，给出了对待流浪动物的正确做法，并提出了保护动物的简单规则，以此呼吁大家善待动物，共创人与动物和谐共处的美好环境。26.细节理解题。解析：根据第二段“Mostanimalshavespecialdiets,andhumanfoodcanmakethemsick.Also,feedinganimalsmaymakethemlosetheirabilitytofindfoodbythemselves”可知，人类食物会让动物生病，还会使其丧失自主觅食能力，故选B。27.词义猜测题。解析：根据前文“tappingontheglassofanimalcages”和后文“makethemfeelnervous”的语境，可推测敲玻璃的行为会让动物感到害怕、紧张，因此“scare”的中文意思是“使害怕”，故选A。28.细节理解题。解析：根据第三段“Whenwemeetstrayanimalsonthestreet,weshouldbekindtothem.Wecangivethemsomecleanfoodandwaterifwehave”可知，遇到流浪动物时，若有条件可以给它们干净的食物和水，故选C。29.细节理解题。解析：根据最后一段“Don'tdisturbanimalswhentheyareeatingorsleeping.Don'ttakephotoswithflashwhenvisitingwildlifeparks”可知，A、B、C三项均为不良行为，遵守规则、不伤害动物才是文明的做法，故选D。30.主旨大意题。解析：文章开篇点明“it'sourdutytotreatthemwithgoodmanners”，全文围绕善待动物的礼仪展开，A、C、D三项均为文章局部内容，不能概括主旨，故选B。（B）InancientChina,women'seducationwasnotaspopularasmen's.Buttherewerestillmanywisewomenwhovaluededucationandpassedongoodmannerstotheirchildren.LiQingzhaowasafamousfemalepoetintheSongDynasty.Shewasbornintoawell-educatedfamily.Herfatherwasascholar,andhetaughthertoreadandwritewhenshewasveryyoung.LiQingzhaowasverysmartandworkedhard.Shereadalotofbooksandbecamegoodatwritingpoems.Shealsohadgoodmanners.Sherespectedherparentsandtreatedotherspolitely.Herpoemsarestillpopulartoday,andpeoplecanfeelherkindnessandgracefromherworks.AnotherexampleisBanZhao,afemalehistorianintheEasternHanDynasty.Shewasbornintoascholarlyfamilytoo.Herbrotherwasafamoushistorian.Afterherbrotherdied,BanZhaocontinuedtofinishhishistoricalwork.Shealsowroteabookcalled"NüJie"（《女诫》）,whichtaughtwomenhowtobehaveproperly.Thebooktalkedaboutrespectinghusbands,beingkindtofamilymembers,andhavinggoodmannersindailylife.Ithadagreatinfluenceonwomen'seducationinancientChina.Theseancientfemalescholarsshowedthatwomencanalsobewell-educatedandhavegoodmanners.Theirstoriestellusthateducationisimportantforeveryone,nomatterwhethertheyaremenorwomen.Goodmannerslearnedthrougheducationcanhelppeoplebecomebetterpeople.31.WhatwasLiQingzhaogoodat?A.Writingpoems. B.Writinghistoricalbooks. C.Teachingstudents. D.Cookingfood.32.Whowrotethebook"NüJie"?A.LiQingzhao. B.BanZhao. C.LiQingzhao'sfather. D.BanZhao'sbrother.33.Whatdid"NüJie"talkabout?A.Howtowritepoems. B.Howtobeahistorian.C.Howwomenshouldbehaveproperly. D.Howtoeducatechildren.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.WomeninancientChinahadthesameeducationasmen.B.LiQingzhao'sbrotherwasafamoushistorian.C.BanZhaofinishedherbrother'shistoricalwork.D."NüJie"hadnoinfluenceonwomen'seducation.35.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.FamousFemalePoetsinAncientChinaB.Women'sEducationandMannersinAncientChinaC.TheHistoryofChinesePoetryD.TheLifeofBanZhao【答案】31.A 32.B 33.C 34.C 35.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨大意为：古代中国女性教育虽不及男性普及，但涌现出李清照、班昭等重视教育、兼具良好礼仪的女性学者。文章通过介绍两位才女的经历与成就，点明教育对每个人的重要性，以及良好礼仪能助人完善自我的道理。31.细节理解题。解析：根据第二段“Shereadalotofbooksandbecamegoodatwritingpoems”可知，李清照擅长写诗，故选A。32.细节理解题。解析：根据第三段“BanZhao...Shealsowroteabookcalled'NüJie'（《女诫》）”可知，《女诫》的作者是班昭，故选B。33.细节理解题。解析：根据第三段“whichtaughtwomenhowtobehaveproperly”可知，《女诫》讲述的是女性应如何规范自身行为，故选C。34.细节判断题。解析：A项与首段“women'seducationwasnotaspopularasmen's”不符；B项张冠李戴，史学家是班昭的哥哥；D项与“ithadagreatinfluenceonwomen'seducation”不符；根据第三段“Afterherbrotherdied,BanZhaocontinuedtofinishhishistoricalwork”可知C项正确，故选C。35.主旨大意题。解析：A项仅涵盖李清照，以偏概全；C项偏离“女性教育与礼仪”的核心；D项只涉及班昭，不全面；全文围绕古代中国女性的教育与礼仪展开，B项最能概括主旨，故选B。（C）Haveyoueverwonderedwhyweneedgoodmannersinpublicplaces?Publicplacesarewherepeoplegather,suchasparks,libraries,andsupermarkets.Goodmannerscanmakeourlifeinpublicplacesmorecomfortableandharmonious.Inlibraries,peoplegotheretoreadorstudy.Soit'simportanttokeepquiet.Weshouldn'ttalkloudlyormakephonecallswithoutearphones.Ifweneedtofindabook,weshouldwalkslowlyandnotrun.Also,weshouldputthebooksbacktotheiroriginalplacesafterreading.Thiscanhelpothersfindthebookseasily.Inparks,manypeoplegoforawalk,haveapicnic,orplaysports.Weshouldkeeptheparkclean.Don'tdroplittereverywhere.Wecanputtherubbishintothedustbins.Whenhavingapicnic,weshouldn'tleavefoodwasteontheground.Also,weshouldbecarefulnottohurttheplantsandanimalsinthepark.Don'tpickflowersorchasebirds.Insupermarkets,weshouldwaitinlinewhenpayingforgoods.Don'tjumptheline.Weshouldn'tpushorcrowdothers.Whenchoosinggoods,weshouldbegentleandnotdamagethem.Ifweneedhelp,wecanasktheshopassistantspolitely.Goodmannersinpublicplacesarenotdifficulttofollow.Theyarejustsmallthingsthatwecandoeveryday.Byfollowingthesemanners,wecanmakepublicplacesbetterforeveryone.36.Whatisthepurposeofpeoplegoingtolibraries?A.Tohaveapicnic. B.Toreadorstudy. C.Toplaysports. D.Tobuygoods.37.Whatshouldn'twedoinlibraries?A.Talkloudly. B.Walkslowly. C.Keepquiet. D.Putbooksback.38.Whatshouldwedotokeepparksclean?A.Droplittereverywhere. B.Leavefoodwasteontheground.C.Putrubbishintodustbins. D.Pickflowers.39.Whatshouldwedowhenpayingforgoodsinsupermarkets?A.Jumptheline. B.Waitinline. C.Pushothers. D.Damagegoods.40.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Publicplacesareimportant. B.Weshouldfollowgoodmannersinpublicplaces.C.Howtobehaveinlibraries. D.Howtokeepparksclean.【答案】36.B 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨大意为：公共场所是人们聚集的地方，遵守良好的礼仪能让公共生活更舒适和谐。文章分别介绍了在图书馆、公园、超市这三类公共场所需要遵守的行为规范，呼吁人们从日常小事做起，践行文明礼仪。36.细节理解题。解析：根据第二段“Inlibraries,peoplegotheretoreadorstudy”可知，人们去图书馆的目的是阅读或学习，故选B。37.细节理解题。解析：根据第二段“Weshouldn'ttalkloudlyormakephonecallswithoutearphones”可知，在图书馆不应该大声交谈，B、C、D三项均为图书馆内的文明行为，故选A。38.细节理解题。解析：根据第三段“Wecanputtherubbishintothedustbins”可知，为保持公园整洁，应将垃圾扔进垃圾桶，A、B、D三项均为破坏公园环境的行为，故选C。39.细节理解题。解析：根据第四段“weshouldwaitinlinewhenpayingforgoods”可知，在超市结账时应该排队等候，A、C、D三项均为不文明行为，故选B。40.主旨大意题。解析：文章开篇点明良好礼仪对公共场所的意义，随后分述不同场所的礼仪规范，结尾呼吁遵守礼仪，A、C、D三项均为文章局部内容，B项最能概括全文主旨，故选B。四、基础知识。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）A)根据句意及中文提示填写单词。41.Weshouldshow______（尊重）tooureldersandteachers.【答案】respect【解析】句意：我们应该尊重长辈和老师。“showrespecttosb.”是固定搭配，意为“尊重某人”，此处需要填名词形式。42.It'sagood______（礼貌）tosay"Thankyou"whensomeonehelpsyou.【答案】manner【解析】句意：当别人帮助你时，说“谢谢”是一种良好的礼貌行为。“It'sagoodmannertodosth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事是一种礼貌的行为”，manner在此处表示“礼貌的举止”。43.Thehostwasvery______（热情好客的）andpreparedalotofdeliciousfoodforus.【答案】hospitable【解析】句意：主人非常热情好客，为我们准备了很多美味的食物。此处需要形容词作表语，hospitable意为“热情好客的”，符合语境。44.Don'tbetoo______（骄傲的）.Weshouldbemodest.【答案】proud【解析】句意：不要太骄傲，我们应该保持谦虚。“beproud”是系表结构，proud为形容词，意为“骄傲的”，符合句意。45.Youshould______（遵守）thetrafficruleswhencrossingtheroad.【答案】obey【解析】句意：过马路时，你应该遵守交通规则。should是情态动词，后接动词原形；obey意为“遵守”，常与rules搭配使用。46.It'simpoliteto______（打断）otherswhentheyarespeaking.【答案】interrupt【解析】句意：别人说话时打断他们是不礼貌的。“It'simpolitetodosth.”是固定句型，to后接动词原形；interrupt意为“打断”，符合语境。47.Sheisa______（耐心的）teacherandalwayshelpsherstudentswiththeirproblems.【答案】patient【解析】句意：她是一位有耐心的老师，总是帮助学生解决问题。此处需要形容词作定语修饰名词teacher，patient意为“耐心的”，符合句意。48.Weshould______（避免）makingnoiseinthehospital.【答案】avoid【解析】句意：我们应该避免在医院里制造噪音。should后接动词原形；“avoiddoingsth.”是固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，avoid符合语法和语境要求。B)用所给词的正确形式填空。49.Shelistenstoherteachers______(careful)inclass.It'sabasicgoodmannerforstudents.【答案】carefully【解析】句意：她在课堂上认真听老师讲课。这是学生的基本礼貌。此处修饰动词listens，要用副词，careful的副词形式是carefully，故填carefully。50.Lastweek,Tom______(share)hisstationerywithhisdeskmateandwoneveryone'spraise.【答案】shared【解析】句意：上周，汤姆和同桌分享了他的文具，赢得了大家的赞扬。由Lastweek可知句子用一般过去时，share的过去式是shared，故填shared。51.Everyone______(need)tolearnaboutdailymannerstobuildbetterrelationshipswithothers.【答案】needs【解析】句意：每个人都需要学习日常礼仪，以便与他人建立更好的关系。everyone作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填needs。52.Weshouldtry______(be)modestwhenothersspeakhighlyofus,justlikemanypolitepeopledo.【答案】tobe【解析】句意：当别人高度赞扬我们时，我们应该尽力保持谦虚，就像许多有礼貌的人那样。trytodosth.是固定搭配，意为“尽力做某事”，故填tobe。53.Avoid______(interrupt)otherswhentheyaretalking.It'soneofthemostimportantcommunicationmanners.【答案】interrupting【解析】句意：别人说话时避免打断他们。这是最重要的交流礼仪之一。avoiddoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填interrupting。54.The______(kind)oftheoldmanmadethelostchildfeelwarmandsafe.【答案】kindness【解析】句意：老人的善良让迷路的孩子感到温暖和安全。定冠词the后接名词，kind的名词形式是kindness，故填kindness。55.Goodtablemanners______(teach)tochildrenfromanearlyageinmostChinesefamilies.【答案】aretaught【解析】句意：在大多数中国家庭，良好的餐桌礼仪从小就教给孩子们。主语Goodtablemanners和动词teach是被动关系，且句子用一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态aretaught。五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过10个词。Lindaisa14-year-oldgirl.Sheliveswithhermother.Hermotherisadoctorandisalwaysbusywithwork,butsheneverforgetstoteachLindagoodmanners.Everymorning,Lindasays"Goodmorning"tohermotherbeforegoingtoschool.Whenhermothercomesbackhomefromwork,Lindagreetsherwithasmileandhelpshertakeoffhercoat.Oneday,Linda'smotherwasverytiredafteralongday'swork.Shefellasleeponthesofa.Lindadidn'twakeherup.Instead,shecoveredhermotherwithablanketandquietlycleanedtheroom.Whenhermotherwokeup,shewasverymoved.Lindaalsohasgoodmannersatschool.Sherespectsherteachersandiskindtoherclassmates.Ifsomeoneborrowsherthings,shealwaysagreeshappily.Whenshemakesamistake,shesays"sorry"sincerely.Lastweek,sheaccidentallybrokeherclassmate'spen.Sheapologizedtoherclassmateandboughtanewoneforher.Herclassmateforgaveherquickly.Linda'smotheroftentellsherthatgoodmannerscanhelphermakemorefriendsandgetalongwellwithothers.Lindaremembershermother'swordsandtriesherbesttobeapolitegirl.56.HowoldisLinda?57.WhatdoesLinda'smotherdo?58.WhatdidLindadowhenhermotherfellasleeponthesofa?59.HowdidLindaapologizetoherclassmateforbreakingthepen?60.WhatdoesLinda'smotherthinkgoodmannerscanhelpherdo?【答案】56.Sheis14yearsold.57.Sheisadoctor.58.Coveredherwithablanketandcleaned.59.Apologizedandboughtanewone.60.Makemorefriendsandgetalongwell.【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主旨大意为：文章讲述了14岁女孩琳达在母亲的教导下，在家庭和学校中践行良好礼仪的故事，体现了良好礼仪对人际交往的积极作用。56.题目意思：琳达多少岁？解析：根据原文首句“Lindaisa14-year-oldgirl”可知答案，直接提取年龄信息即可。57.题目意思：琳达的妈妈是做什么的？解析：根据原文“Hermotherisadoctor”可知答案，直接提取职业信息即可。58.题目意思：当琳达的妈妈在沙发上睡着时，琳达做了什么？解析：根据原文“shecoveredhermotherwithablanketandquietlycleanedtheroom”可知答案，提炼核心动作即可。59.题目意思：琳达因为弄坏了同学的钢笔，是如何道歉的？解析：根据原文“Sheapologizedtoherclassmateandboughtanewoneforher”可知答案，提炼道歉的具体行为即可。60.题目意思：琳达的妈妈认为良好的礼仪能帮她做什么？解析：根据原文“goodmannerscanhelphermakemorefriendsandgetalongwellwithothers”可知答案，直接引用原文内容即可。六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）Theoceanisabeautifulandmysteriousworld.Itishometomanykindsofseaanimalsandplants.Butnow,theoceanisfacingalotofproblemsbecauseofhumanactivities.Weneedtohavegoodm______（61）toprotecttheocean.First,weshouldn'tthrowrubbishintotheocean.Rubbishsuchasplasticbagsandbottlescanharmseaanimals.Manyseaturtlesmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfishandeatthem,whichcancausetheird______（62）.Second,weshouldnotoverfish.Overfishingwillmakesomeseaanimalsdisappearforever.Weshouldfollowthefishingrulesandgivethefishenoughtimetor______（63）.Third,weshouldn'tpourdirtywaterintotheocean.Dirtywatercanpollutetheseaandmaketheseaanimalssick.Also,whenwevisitthebeach,weshouldkeepitclean.Don'tleaveanylitteronthesand.Wecanjoinvolunteeractivitiestoc______（64）upthebeach.What'smore,weshouldlearnmoreabouttheoceanandtellourfriendsandfamilyaboutthei______（65）ofprotectingit.Protectingtheoceanisnotonlygoodforseaanimalsandplants,butalsogoodforhumans.Theoceanprovidesuswithmanyusefulthings,suchasseafoodandcleanwater.Ifweprotecttheoceanwell,itwillcontinuetogiveustheseg______（66）.Let'stakeactionnow.Withgoodmannersandefforts,wecanmaketheoceanabetterplaceforeveryone.Remember,everysmallactofprotectingtheoceanc______（67）.Weshouldnevergiveup.Let'sworktogethertos______（68）theocean.Inthisway,ourchildrenandgrandchildrenwillalsobeabletoe______（69）thebeautifuloceanandallthewonderfulthingsinit.Let'smakeapromisetoprotecttheoceanandkeepitcleanandh______（70）for