Unit 5 课时3 Reading 2（分层作业）（解析版）

Unit5Goodmanners课时3Reading2分层作业核心知识速记01基础达标02能力提升03拓展培优04思维进阶词形变化different--词形变化different--(n.)differencenormal--(adv.)normallypolite--(n.)politenessdifferent--(adv.)differentlyplease--(adj.)pleasedopen--(adv.)openlyRome--(n.&adj.)Roman句型1.Here,eatingisaspecialtimeforpeopletoconnect.在这里，吃饭是人们交流的特殊时间。2.Hewastellingmetoeatmoreandkeptputtingfoodonmyplate.他叫我多吃点，不停地往我盘子里夹菜。3.Thiswashiswayofshowinghowmuchhecaredaboutme.这是他表达他有多关心我的方式。4.Itcanbehardatfirsttogetusedtoallthesedifferences.一开始可能很难适应所有这些差异。一、单词默写。1.different--(n.)_______ 2.normal--(adv.)________3.polite--(n.)________ 4.different--(adv.)________5.please--(adj.)________ 6.open--(adv.)________7.Rome--(n.&adj.)_______【答案】difference；normally；politeness；differently；pleased；openly；Roman二、词组默写。1.让某人有宾至如归的感觉______________________ 2.一些有趣的礼仪差异___________________3.一直；始终_______________________ 4.有自己表达礼貌的方式_______________5.用“您”称呼他人_______________________ 6.在正式场合_______________________7.用“您”准没错____________________ 8.与英国人表现不同_____________________ 9.太谦虚而不公开接受赞美__________________ 10.邀请某人吃晚餐_______________________ 11.如此热情好客_____________________ 12.一直给某人盘子里夹菜____________________ 13.太客气而不好意思拒绝_______________________ 14.适应这些差异____________________ 【答案】1.makesbfeelathome；2.someinterestingdifferencesinmanners；3.allthetime；4.haveone’sownwayofbeingpolite；5.usetheword"nin"toaddressothers；6.inaformalsituation；7.can’tgowrongwithnin；8.behavedifferentlyfromtheBritish；9.betoomodesttoacceptpraiseopenly；10.invitesb.todinner；11.besohospitable；12.keepputtingfoodonsb'splate；13.betoopolitetorefuse；14.getusedtothesedifferences三、根据要求完成句子1.在这里，吃饭是人们交流的特殊时间。Here,eatingisaspecialtime________________________.2.他叫我多吃点，不停地往我盘子里夹菜。Hewastellingmetoeatmoreand________________________myplate.3.这是他表达他有多关心我的方式。Thiswashiswayof__________________he____________me.4.一开始可能很难适应所有这些差异。Itcanbehardatfirstto__________________allthesedifferences.【答案】1.forpeopletoconnect；2.keptputtingfoodon；3.showinghowmuch;caredabout；4.getusedto四、根据所给词的适当形式填空。1．Therearesome__________(different)betweenChinesetablemannersandBritishones.2．__________(normal),studentsshouldwearschooluniformsonweekdays.3．Weshouldlearn__________(polite)whenwetalkwitholdpeople.4．Myparentsare__________(please)withmygoodgradesintheEnglishtest.5．Weshouldtalk__________(open)withourparentswhenwehaveproblems.【答案】1.differences；2.Normally；3.politeness；4.pleased；5.openly五、首字母填空。根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。Chinaisanoldcountrywitharichculture.WhentravellingtoChina,understandingChinesec1andcustoms(习俗)isimportantforyoutobehaveinagoodway.It’sbecomingpopularforforeignerstobei2intoChinesehomes.BeinginvitedtoaChinesefamily’shomecanbeawonderfulandwarme3.Chinesepeopleareknowntobeverywelcoming(好客).Whenyou’reinvitedtoaChinesefamily’shome,makesurethatyouarriveontime.Don’tforgettosaygoodwordsabouts4specialyoulikeinthehouse.Giftsareusuallygivenwhenvisitingsomeone’shomeorbeinginvitedfordinner.Chinesepeopleliketor5fruitorteainaniceboxorbasket.Aftersomesmalltalks,c6thedinner.AChinesedinnertableisahappyplace,fullofdeliciousfoodandconversation.Wheninvitedoverfordinner,makesuretonoticewhateverybodye7isdoingandtrytodothesame.You’dbettereatplentyoffoodtoshowyou’reenjoyingit.Don’tfinishoffthew8dish,butleaveasmallamountoffoodontheplates.Itshowsthatthehosthaspreparedenoughfood.Forforeigners,Chinesepeoplemaybeverycurious(好奇的).Chinesepeoplearen’tafraidtoaskpersonalquestions,evenifyou’vemetforthef9time.So,don’tbesurprisedtobeaskedthingslikeyourage,youreducationoryourwork.Youdonothavetoanswerthesequestions.Ifyoudon’twanttotalkaboutyourownlife,justexplaintothem.Enjoyy10inthewarmandwelcomingworldofthelocalChinese.AsaguestinChina,youwillgetspecialtreatment.Andyourhostsmakesureyouwillhaveagoodtime.【答案】1．(c)ulture2．(i)nvited3．(e)xperience4．(s)omething5．(r)eceive6．(c)omes7．(e)lse8．(w)hole9．(f)irst10．(y)ourself【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的文化和习俗，以及作为外国人在中国旅行时需要注意的事项。1．句意：在中国旅行时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据前句“Chinaisanoldcountrywitharichculture.”可知，了解中国的文化很重要，名词culture“文化”符合语境。故填(c)ulture。2．句意：外国人被邀请到中国家庭做客正变得越来越流行。根据后句“BeinginvitedtoaChinesefamily’shome”可知，此处是指外国人被邀请到中国人家里做客。应用被动语态，其结构为bedone，动词invite“邀请”的过去分词是invited。故填(i)nvited。3．句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的经历。根据“BeinginvitedtoaChinesefamily’shomecanbeawonderfulandwarm...”并结合单词首字母提示可知，此处表示被邀请到中国人家里做客是一次美妙的经历。名词experience意为“经历”，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填(e)xperience。4．句意：别忘了对家里你喜欢的某个特别的东西说几句好话。根据“saygoodwordsabout...specialyoulikeinthehouse”并结合单词首字母提示可知，此处指喜欢的某个特别的东西。空格处应用不定代词something，somethingspecial意为“特别的东西”。故填(s)omething。5．句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据“fruitorteainaniceboxorbasket”可知，此处在介绍中国人喜欢收到的礼物。动词receive意为“收到”，结合短语liketodosth.“喜欢做某事”可知，空格处应用动词原形。故填(r)eceive。6．句意：闲聊后，晚餐就来了。根据“Aftersomesmalltalks”和常识可知，闲聊过后就是吃饭了。此处是一个倒装句，表示“晚餐来了”，动词come意为“来”，主语thedinner是单数，时态为一般现在时，所以come要变成第三人称单数形式comes。故填(c)omes。7．句意：当被邀请过来吃饭时，一定要注意到其他每一个人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据“trytodothesame”可知，此处表示要去观察其他人在做什么。everybodyelse意为“其他每一个人”。故填(e)lse。8．句意：不要吃光整盘菜，而要在盘子里留少量食物。根据“leaveasmallamountoffoodontheplates”可知，此处表示不要吃光整盘菜。whole意为“全部的，整个的”。故填(w)hole。9．句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。forthefirsttime意为“第一次”。故填(f)irst。10．句意：尽情享受当地中国人热情好客的世界。enjoyoneself意为“尽情享受”，该句是祈使句，隐含主语是第二人称you，结合后句“AsaguestinChina”可知，you在此处表示“你”，所以空格处应填反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填(y)ourself。六、完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Chinaisanationofetiquette(礼仪).Chinesepeopleare1themosthospitable(好客的)peopleintheworld.If2visitaChinesefamily,theywouldbe3atthewarmththattheywouldreceiveasguests.WhenyouvisitaChinesefamily,thehostusuallymakesteaforyouand4yousnackslikebiscuitsorcandy.Someoneinthefamilywillalsochatwithyou,neverlettingyoufeel5.Atthesametime,otherfamilymemberswillbebusy6amealforyou.Chinesepeopletreattheirguests7abigmeal.Theyalwaysgivemorefoodthantheguestscaneat.Attable,theguestsmustbethe8toeat.Perhapsoneofthethingsthatsurprisesa(n)9guestmostisthattheChinesehostlikestopickfoodforguests,whichwon’thappenatWesterntables.TheChinesefamily10tomakeyoufeelathome.Asyoufinisheating,thehostusuallysays,“Itseemsthatyoudidn’teatmuch.Pleasehave11.”Youtellthemyouarefull,12theystillputmorefoodinyourbowl.13warmandhospitable(好客)hasbeenanimportantpartofChinesecultureandtradition.AsConfucius(孔子)said14yearsago:Tomeetfriendsfromafar,how15weare!1．A．between B．among C．during D．on2．A．foreign B．foreigner C．foreigners D．neighbour3．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．surprises4．A．serve B．serving C．serves D．toserve5．A．lonely B．alone C．happy D．pleasant6．A．prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．toprepare7．A．with B．as C．for D．from8．A．first B．second C．last D．beginning9．A．eastern B．southern C．northern D．Western10．A．getintheirway B．gooutoftheirway C．losetheirway D．gotheirway11．A．more B．less C．many D．much12．A．although B．but C．because D．so13．A．Be B．Been C．Being D．Tobe14．A．thousandsof B．thousand C．athousand D．thousands15．A．happily B．unhappy C．happy D．unhappily【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．C5．A6．B7．A8．A9．D10．B11．A12．B13．C14．A15．C【导语】本文主要介绍了中国人热情好客的具体表现。1．句意：中国人在世界上众多人群中是最热情好客的。between在两者之间；among在……之中（三者或以上）；during在……期间；on在……上面。根据“...peopleintheworld”可知，此处为全世界人群中，三者以上。故选B。2．句意：如果外国人拜访一个中国家庭，他们会对作为客人所受到的热情款待感到惊讶。foreign外国的（形容词）；foreigner外国人（单数）；foreigners外国人（复数）；neighbour邻居。根据谓语动词“visit”可知，设空处应为名词复数形式作主语。故选C。3．句意：如果外国人拜访一个中国家庭，他们会对作为客人所受到的热情款待感到惊讶。surprised感到惊讶的（形容人）；surprise使惊讶（动词）；惊讶（名词）；surprising令人惊讶的（形容物）；surprises使惊讶（第三人称单数形式）。根据空前“be”可知，此处应为形容词，“besurprisedat”表示“对……感到惊讶”。故选A。4．句意：当你拜访一个中国家庭时，主人通常会为你沏茶，并端上饼干或糖果之类的小吃。serve端上（动词原形）；serving端上（现在分词形式）；serves端上（第三人称单数形式）；toserve为了端上（不定式形式）。“and”连接两个并列的谓语动词，前面“makes”是第三人称单数形式，这里“serve”也应用第三人称单数“serves”。故选C。5．句意：家里也会有人和你聊天，绝不会让你感到孤单。lonely孤单的（有情感上的孤独意味）；alone独自的；happy开心的；pleasant令人愉快的。根据“Someoneinthefamilywillalsochatwithyou”可知，家人和客人聊天，是为了不让客人感到孤独。故选A。6．句意：与此同时，其他家庭成员会忙着准备一顿饭给你。prepare准备（动词原形）；preparing准备（现在分词形式）；prepared准备好的（形容词）；toprepare为了准备（不定式形式）。“bebusydoingsth.”是固定结构，意为“忙于做某事”。故选B。7．句意：中国人用一顿丰盛的饭菜款待他们的客人。with用；as作为；for为了；from从……。“treatsb.withsth.”意为“用某物款待某人”，这里表示用一顿大餐款待客人，用“with”。故选A。8．句意：在餐桌上，客人必须是第一个开始用餐的。first第一；second第二；last最后；beginning开始。根据中国的餐桌礼仪，客人通常是先开始吃饭的，“first”表示“首先”，符合语境。故选A。9．句意：也许最让西方客人感到惊讶的事情之一是，中国主人喜欢给客人夹菜，这在西方餐桌上是不会发生的。eastern东方的；southern南方的；northern北方的；Western西方的。根据“whichwon’thappenatWesterntables”可知，这里是说让西方客人惊讶。故选D。10．句意：中国家庭会想尽办法让你有宾至如归的感觉。getintheirway妨碍他们；gooutoftheirway想尽办法；losetheirway迷路；gotheirway走他们的路。根据“makeyoufeelathome”可知，中国家庭会想尽办法让客人就像在家一样。故选B。11．句意：当你吃完时，主人通常会说：“看来你没吃多少。请再吃一些。”。more更多；less更少；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；much许多（修饰不可数名词）。根据“Itseemsthatyoudidn’teatmuch.”可知，主人会让客人再多吃些，应用比较级。故选A。12．句意：你告诉他们你已经饱了，但是他们还是会往你的碗里添更多食物。although尽管；but但是；because因为；so所以。根据设空处前后句子意思可知，此处应为“but”，表示转折。故选B。13．句意：热情好客一直是中国文化和传统的重要组成部分，这由来已久。Be是（原形）；Been是（过去分词）；Being是（动名词形式）；Tobe为了是（不定式形式）。根据文意和句法结构可知，此处需要动名词作主语。故选C。14．句意：正如孔子几千年前所说：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！。thousandsof成千上万的；thousand千（原形，前需接具体数字）；athousand一千；thousands千（复数，单独使用错误）。根据本句空前无具体数字且空后为“yearsago”可知，此处表达的是“几千年前”，不是具体时间。故选A。15．句意：正如孔子几千年前所说：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！。happily开心地（副词）；unhappy不开心的（形容词）；happy开心的（形容词）；unhappily不开心地（副词）。根据“Tomeetfriendsfromafar”可知，见到远方来的朋友是开心的；根据“weare”可知，此处应用形容词。故选C。七、阅读理解。根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。SincemovingtoChinatwomonthsago,thefirstbigdifferenceI’vefoundishowpeoplestarttheconversations.“Theweather’snicetoday,isn’tit?”isacommonquestiontostartaconversationindailylifeintheUK.AswintercomesanditgetscoldinChina,Ihavekeptstartingmyconversationsbytalkingabouttheweatherwithmynewfriendsandstudents.Butitseemedtobeastrangesubjectindailyconversations.InChina,theyaskquestionslike“Haveyoueatenyet?”IthoughtmyfriendwasinvitingmeforlunchwhenIheardthequestionforthefirsttime.LaterIfoundhowimportantfoodisintheircultureandIunderstandwhytheyaskthatquestionoften.Althoughthesetwowaystostartconversationsmaybedifferent,theyhavesomethingincommon.Theyareaboutourdailylifebecauseweneedtowatchtheweatherandeatfoodeveryday.I’mnotsureifI’llbeabletobreakthehabitoftalkingabouttheweather,butIthinkIwillgetusedtotalkingmoreaboutfoodtobreaktheice!1．Whatdidthewriterthinkwhenheheard“Haveyoueatenyet?”forthefirsttime?A．Sayhellotohim. B．Cooklunchforhim. C．Invitehimforlunch. D．Knowhimfavoritefood.2．WhichofthefollowingmayseemtobeastrangesubjectinChina?A．“Theweather’snicetoday,isn’tit?”B．“Haveyoueatenyet?”C．“WhatistheimportantfoodinChina?”D．“Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourdailylife?”3．BothinChinaandtheUK,thewaystostarttheconversationsareabout________.A．familylife B．everydaylife C．eatinghabits D．nationalevents4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“breaktheice”mean?A．Tocuttheiceintopieces. B．Toaskquestionsaboutweather.C．TolearnthedeliciousfoodinChina. D．Tostartconversationswithfriends.【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．D【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从英国搬到中国后，发现两国开启日常对话的方式存在差异：英国人习惯以天气为话题，而中国人则常用“吃了吗”作为问候语。作者通过亲身经历分析了这两种方式的共同点——均与日常生活相关。1．细节理解题。根据第三段“IthoughtmyfriendwasinvitingmeforlunchwhenIheardthequestionforthefirsttime.”可知，第一次听到“你吃了吗”这个问题时，作者以为朋友是在邀请自己吃午饭。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第二段“…Ihavekeptstartingmyconversationsbytalkingabouttheweather…Butitseemedtobeastrangesubjectindailyconversations.”可知，在日常对话中，谈论天气似乎是个奇怪的话题。在中国以天气开启对话显得不合常理。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Theyareaboutourdailylifebecauseweneedtowatchtheweatherandeatfoodeveryday.”可知，两国对话话题都与日常生活相关，因为人们每天都需要关注天气和饮食。故选B。4．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“Iwillgetusedtotalkingmoreaboutfoodtobreaktheice”及全文语境可知，本文主要介绍了通过某一话题开启对话，故“breaktheice”指通过话题开启对话。故选D。八、阅读表达。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题，答案不超过10个词。Intheeyesofmanyforeigners,theChinesearethebesthostsandtheworstguestsintheworld.AndWesternhostssometimeslookrudeintheeyesofChineseguests.Itisbecausetheguest-hostrelationship(关系)inChinaisquitedifferentfromthatinsomewesterncountries.InChina,guestsarealmostlikegods.WheneverIenteraChinesefriend’shome,thereisalwaysfruitonthetableforme,andsomeoneisquicktobringmeacupofteaorwater.Inthewest,generallytheguestisnotagod.Actingaccordingto(根据)thehost’swayofdoingthingsisusualbehaviourforaguest.Mywife’smother,averykindChineselady,doesn’tsmoke.WhenIseesomeofherguestssmokinginherhouse,asanon-smokerIfeelunhappy.UsuallyIwanttostopthemdirectly,butImustrealizethatinChina,tobeagoodhost,shemustnotdothat.InmostNorthAmericanhomes,ifyouareaguest,andthehostsarenotsmokers,youshouldnotsmokeintheirhouses.Attheveryleast,youshouldask“IsitOKifIsmoke?”Butdon’tbesurprisediftheysay,“No,youcan’tsmoke.”Inmyculture,ifyousmokeintheirhouses,youareabadguest,butiftheydon’tallowyoutosmokeintheirhouses,theyarenotrudehosts.Inaword,nomatterwhereyouare,thebestwaytobeagoodguestistoadaptto(适应)thelocalcustoms.Justasthesayinggoes,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”1．Tomanyforeigners,whoarethebesthostsandtheworstguestsintheworld?2．Whatisusualbehaviourforaguestinthewest?3．Howdoesthewriterfeelwhenheseessomeguestssmokinginhiswife’smother’shome?4．IfaguestwantstosmokeinanAmericanhost’shome,whatquestionshouldheask?5．Whatdoyouthinkisimpoliteforaguesttodo?(Pleasewriteyourownsentencetoanswer)【答案】1．TheChinese.2．Actingaccordingtothehost’sway.3．Hefeelsunhappy.4．IsitOKifIsmoke?5．Smokeinanon-smokinghost’shome.【导语】本文通过对比中西方对待客之道的差异，指出中国人待客热情如待“神”，而西方更强调客人尊重主人习惯。作者提醒人们应入乡随俗，才能成为好客人。1．根据第一段“Intheeyesofmanyforeigners,theChinesearethebesthostsandtheworstguestsintheworld.”可知，在许多外国人眼中，中国人是世界上最好的主人，也是世界上最差的客人。故填TheChinese.2．根据第二段“Actingaccordingtothehost’swayofdoingthingsisusualbehaviourforaguest.”可知，按照主人的方式行事是客人通常的行为。故填Actingaccordingtothehost’sway.3．根据第三段“Mywife’smother,averykindChineselady,doesn’tsmoke.WhenIseesomeofherguestssmokinginherhouse,asanon-smokerIfeelunhappy.”可知，作者的岳母是一位非常善良的中国女士，她不抽烟，所以当作者看到她的一些客人在她的房子里吸烟时，作为一个不吸烟的人，他感到不高兴。故填Hefeelsunhappy.4．根据第四段“youshouldask‘IsitOKifIsmoke?’”可知，如果客人想在美国主人家里抽烟，他应该询问“我可以抽烟吗”。故填IsitOKifIsmoke?5．通读全文，本文通过对比中西方对待客之道的差异，指出中国人待客热情如待“神”，而西方更强调客人尊重主人习惯。作者提醒人们应入乡随俗，才能成为好客人，则关于“你认为客人做什么是不礼貌的”的这个问题的回答可表达为“在不吸烟的主人家吸烟(是不礼貌的)”。故填Smokeinanon-smokinghost’shome.阅读下面材料，根据材料内容完成后面表格，每空填一个单词。ItisimpossibletonameallChinesecustomsinasinglearticle.Evenso,inthispassagewebringyouseveralChinesecustomsandtraditionsthatyoushouldknow.Herewego!Chineseusuallydonotshowtheirfeelingsopenly,alsoavoidinganyunnecessarybodytouch.TheChineseseebadlythatpeoplekisseachotherontheface,eveniftheyarewomen.Infact,shakinghandswasalsonotsoacceptableinthepast.Forthemitisenoughtomakeasmallnodwhengreeting.Asthecountrygradually(逐渐地)letsWesterntraditionsin,peopleareusedtoshakinghandstogreet.Manyfoodmannersmustbefollowedstrictlyatmeals.Somedetailsshouldbepaidmuchattentiontobybothguestsandhosts.InChina,theolderguestsarealwaysseatedfirst,andthenotherscantaketheirseats.Foodmannersarealsoveryimportant.Youshouldneverserveyourselfadrink.Itshouldbeservedbysomeoneelse.Chopsticksshouldneverbeplacedupwardsinfood.Andtoeat,neverputyourmouthawayfromyourownbowl.TheChinesehavethehabitandskillofbeingabletosleepanywhereatanytime.Itdoesn’tmatterifit’sonthebreakfromwork,inthemiddleofthestreetorwaitinginasupermarket.ThisChinesecustomhasnothingtodowithlaziness,quitetheopposite.InChina,sleepingforashorttimeinpublicplacesisconsideredasymbolofeffort.Forexample,thousandsandmillionsofnetizens(网民)willgiveaphotoofasleepingdoctorinthecorneroftheoperatingrooma“like”toshowtheirrespecttothedoctor.So,thispersonhasbeenputtingalotofeffortintohisworkanditisrightthatheshouldsleepashelikes.Manyofyouhavealreadyknownit’spolitenottoopengiftsinpublic.Butthat’snottheonlyimportantthingtoknowwhenreceivinggiftsinChina.Forexample,theChinesewillalwaysrefuseyourgiftuptothreetimestoshowtheyarewelleducated.Butintheend,they’rewillingtoacceptit.Andremembernottoreceivethegiftwithonlyonehand.ChineseCustomsandTraditionsNotshowingtheirfeelingsopenlyThere’sno1tohavebodytouchwhilegreeting.◆Peopledislikekissingoneachother’sfaces.◆Shakinghandsisgradually2becauseoftheinfluenceofWesterntraditions.3foodmannersstrictlyItmakessureguestsandhostsfeelcomfortableattable.◆Olderguestsgetseatedfirst.◆Don’tserveyourselfadrink.Itshouldbeservedbysomeoneelse4.◆Don’tplacechopsticksupwards.◆Keepyourmouth5toyourownbowl.SleepingcarelesslyIthassomethingtodowitheffort.◆It’snot6toseeChinesesleepinginsomepublicplaces,likeoffices,streets,supermarketsandsoon.◆Aphotoofasleepingdoctorinthecorneroftheoperatingroom7quicklyandwildlyonline.Thesleepingdoctorisconsideredtohavetherightbecauseheistootiredatwork.Receivinggifts