2021潍坊英语试卷+答案+解析

242021年潍坊市初中学业水平考试(满分:80分考试时间:90分钟)一、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A1.Theunderlinedword“weird”inPicture2hasthesimilarmeaningto.

A.awful B.strangeC.fantastic D.interesting2.InAlexsopinion,.

A.DaveisdifferentB.balletisonlyforgirlsC.footballisonlyforboysD.Tonyisworriedabouthisfeet3.Thethreeboysaremainlytalkingabout.

A.dances B.sports C.hobbies D.classesBThe6-year-oldgirl,Ruby,livedinNewOrleans,Louisiana.Shewassupposedtogotoschoolclosetoherhome.Butallthestudentsinthatschoolwerewhite.Rubywasblack.Schoolleadersdidntwanttoaccepther,sotheymadeRubytakeahardexamandhopedshewouldfail.ButRubywassosmartthatshepassedthetesteasilyandwasfinallyallowedtogototheschool.Rubywasexcitedabouthernewschool.Butwhensheandhermomarrivedonherfirstday,shesawacrowdofangrypeopleshoutingverycruelthingsatthegate.Theydidnotwantablackchildtoattendtheschool.“Ihadnoideawhatwashappening,”rememberedRuby.Shethoughtthecrowdwascelebratingsomething.Eachday,Rubywenttoschoolwithfourpoliceofficerswhoworkedforthenationalgovernmenttoprotecther.ThesightofthissmallgirlwithherbigbodyguardsmovedtheartistNormanRockwell.HecreatedapaintingofRuby.Hecalledit“TheProblemWeAllLiveWith”.Itbecameaveryfamouspainting.Rubygrewuptobeacivilrightsactivist.Sheworkedtoprotecttherightsgiventoallcitizensbythegovernment.SheevenwenttotheWhiteHousetomeetPresidentBarackObama.TheylookedatMr.Rockwellspainting.IthungoutsidetheOvalOffice.“Weshouldneverjudgeapersonbythecoloroftheirskin,”Rubysaid.“ThatsthelessonIlearnedinfirstgrade.”4.HowcouldRubygetthechancetogototheschool?A.Bymeetingthepresident.B.Bypassingadifficultexam.C.Byvisitingtheschoolleaders.D.Byaskingforhelpfromthegovernment.5.Whatwasthecrowdprobablyshoutingattheschoolgate?A.Noseatsforblack! B.Congratulations!C.Letherin! D.Welcome!6.WhydidMr.Rockwellcreatethepainting?A.TocelebrateRubyssuccess.B.Topresenthispaintingskills.C.Topraisethefourpoliceofficers.D.ToshowtheserioussocialproblemintheUS.7.WhatlessondidRubylearninfirstgrade?A.Fightforyourrights.B.Intelligence(智商)isvaluable.C.Treatpeopleofdifferentcolorsequally(平等地).D.Gethelpfromthepolicewhenintrouble.CEverythingismadeofsomething.Nothingismadeofnothing.Chemistryisaboutthesmallestthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof,andwhathappenswhentheychange.Thewordchemistrycomesfromchemical,whichisanexampleofonetypeoftheverysmallthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof.Thewordsyouarereadingnowaremadeofadarkliquidcalledink(墨水),whichiswrittenonpaper.Thepaperitselfismadeoutofthechemicalsthatwoodismadeoutof.Boththeinkandthepaperweremadebydifferentchemicalprocesses.Achemicalprocessiswhathappenswhenchemicalscometogethertomakeotherchemicals,andthereforeotherthings.Cookingmakeschemicalchanges.Yourdifferentingredientsaremadeofdifferentchemicals,andwhenyouputthemtogetherandmakethemhotandcookthem,thechemicalschangeintonewchemicalsandthedifferentingredientsmakesomethingnew.Thattomatosauceyouremakingismadeoftomatoes,onions,garlic,saltandpepper.Thoseingredientseachhavetheirownchemicalsandtheirownflavors,butnowwithyoursauceyouvemadesomethingdifferent,somethingthathasitsownflavor,alltheingredientsmixedtogether,allthechemicalsmixedtogether,somethingnew.Youcansmellthechemicalchanges,too,astheygoupintoyournose,especiallywhenyouforgetaboutyoursauceanditdoesntjustcookbutburnsandbecomesblackandhasareallybadflavor.Youcantmakeitbetter,either,becauseoncechemicalschange,theycantbechangedbackagain.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A.Chemistry. B.Chemical.C.Thesmallestthings. D.Thebiggerthings.9.Whatisachemicalprocess?A.Inkiswrittenonpaper.B.Paperismadeoutofwood.C.Everythingismadeofsomething.D.Thingsmixedtogetherproducesomethingnew.10.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Howtomaketomatosauce.B.Whattousetoformnewthings.C.Ingredientsandtheirownflavors.D.Chemicalchangesincookingfood.11.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatchemistryislikeB.ChemistrychangeseverythingC.WherethewordchemistrycomesfromD.AchemicalprocessiscalledchemistryDEverytimeyoureonline,youarebombarded(如炮轰)bypictures,articles,linksandvideostryingtotelltheirstory.12.

Readthesetips,anddontgetfooledbyfakenews!1.Checkthesource(来源)13.Doesitlookreal?Isthetextwellwritten?Fakenewswebsitesoftenuseaddressesthatsoundlikerealnewspapers,butdonthavemanyrealstoriesaboutothertopics.

2.WatchoutforfakephotosManyfakenewsstoriesuseimages(图像)thatarephotoshoppedortakenfromanunrelatedsite.Sometimes,ifyoujustlookcloselyatanimage,youcanseeifithasbeenchanged.OruseatoollikeGoogleReverseImageSearch.3.14

Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites,thenitprobablyisntfake(althoughtherearesomeexceptions).4.LookforothersignsThereareothermethodsthatfakenewsuses.TheseincludeusingALLCAPS(全大写)andlotsofadsthatcomeoutwhenyouclickonalink.15.Ifthenewsstorymakesyouangry,itsprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry.

Ifyouknowthesethingsaboutonlinenews,andcanusetheminyoureverydaylife,thenyouhavethecontroloverwhattoreadandwhattobelieve.Ifyoufindanewsstorythatyouknowisfake,themostimportantadviceis:dontshareit!根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选项。A.CheckthestoryinotherplacesB.Unluckily,notallofthesestoriesaretrueC.FakenewsstoriesoftenspreadmuchfasterD.Also,thinkabouthowthestorymakesyoufeelE.Lookatthewebsitewherethestorycomesfrom二、语言知识运用(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)A阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Spacesuitsdontjustmakeastronautslookcool.Withoutthese16suits,astronautswouldntbeabletoleavetheirspaceship.Thatistosay,theywouldntbeableto17ontheMoonorworkoutsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.

Spaceisa18placeforhumanbeings.Firstly,thereisnoairtobreathe.Secondly,spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation(辐射),energythatcanpassthroughourbodiesandmakeus19.Thirdly,somepartsofspacearereallycold20otherpartsareveryhot.Soastronautscoulddieinjustafewsecondsifthey21outsidetheirspaceshipwithouttheirsuits.Withaspacesuit,though,astronautscanmovearoundinspaceforseveralhours.

Spacesuitskeepastronauts22sealed(密封的)inside.AbackpacksendsO2intoletastronautsbreathenormally.Atthesametime,theCO223astronautsbreatheoutissuckedaway.Thesuitalsoprotectsthemfromharmfulradiationandfast-movingspacedust.24thespacesuitisanothersuitthatlookslikeapairoftightpajamas(睡衣)withlittlepipesrunningthroughthem.Waterrunsthroughthesepipesto25astronautsbecausewearingaspacesuitcanmakeastronautsveryhot!

16.A.private B.special C.plastic D.expensive17.A.run B.walk C.live D.surf18.A.funny B.natural C.beautiful D.dangerous19.A.sick B.bored C.strong D.relaxed20.A.after B.since C.before D.while21.A.rushed B.jumped C.stepped D.escaped22.A.safely B.quickly C.quietly D.terribly23.A.who B.this C.that D.whether24.A.Above B.Under C.Behind D.Between25.A.washaway B.warmupC.cooloff D.cleanoutB阅读下面短文,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。Iknewthatmyfathersaunt,BetseyTrotwood,livedsomewherenearDover,soIdecidedtolookforher.Ihadtowalkthereandthejourneytooksixlongdays.WhenIgottoDover,Iaskedafewpeopleandtheytoldmewhere26(go).

WhenMissBetseysawme,sheshouted,“Goaway!Dontwalkonmygrass!”“Please,madam,”Isaidbravely,“please,AuntBetsey...”“What!”shecried,27(look)atmeingreatsurprise.

“Please,AuntBetsey,ImyournephewDavidCopperfield.YoucameonthenightIwasbornandsawmydearmother.Mylife28(be)verymiserablesince

shedied.MystepfathersentmetoworkinLondonandIhateditandranaway.ThensomeonestolemymoneyandIhadtowalk...”Ifeltweakandsuddenlyfelltotheground.Myauntpickedmeupandtookmeintohersittingroom.WhileI29(eat),myauntaskedmealotofquestions.Iwastiredafterthelongday.SoonIfellasleepinawarm,30(comfort)bed.

Severaldays31(late)mystepfather,Mr.Murdstonearrived.“Davidisaverybadboy,violentandlazy,maybethe32(bad)boyintheworld,”hesaid33(angry).“WefoundhimagoodjobinLondonbutheranaway.Nowhemust34(punish)!”

AuntBetseylistenedtohimcarefullyand35(reply),“Idontbelieveawordyousay.Iknowyouvebeencrueltothisboyandhispoormother.IlllookafterDavidfromnowon.Nowgetoutofhere!”

26.27.28.29.30.

31.32.33.34.35.

三、翻译句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分,满分6分)用括号内所给的词或短语,将下列句子翻译成英语。36.浪费这么好吃的食物真是可惜。(waste,such)

37.袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻(hybridrice)之父”。(name)

38.昨天经过讨论,我们才知道如何解决这个问题。(not...until...)

39.中国的祝融号火星探测器(Zhurongrover)已经成功登陆火星(Mars)。(landon)

四、阅读表达(共5小题;满分9分。其中第41小题1分,其余每小题2分)阅读下面的短文,根据短文后的要求答题。Long,longago,therelivedanunhappyking.Hesleptbadlyanddidntfeellikeeating.Oneday,adoctorwascalledintoexaminetheking.Buthefoundnothingwrongwithhisbody.“Itsallinhismind.Neithermedicinenorrestcanhelphim.Whatheneedsistheshirtofahappypersontowear.Thatllmakehimhappy.”Theprimeministerwascalledtothepalace.Buthesaidthathehadalotofpower,itdidntmakehimhappy.Healwaysworriedthatmanypeopleweretryingtotakehisposition.Thenthebankercame.“Oh,ImafraidImnothappy,either,”hesaid.“Ihavealotofwealth,butIfeelnervouswhenIthinksomeonetriestostealmymoneyeveryday.”

Finally,thetopgeneralwastoldtogooutandfindahappymaninthreedays.Hesearchedandsearchedbutcouldntfindanyone.Itseemedthateveryonehadtheirownproblems,andnoonewastrulyhappy.Twodayspassed.Justashewasabouttogiveup,hesawapoormanonthestreeteatingwithhishandsandsinginghappilytohimself.Thegeneralwentuptohimandasked,“Whatmakesyousohappy?Youhavenopower,moneyorfame.”Thepoormansmiled,“IhaveeverythingIwant,andIdontwantwhatIcanthave.SoImhappy.”

“Great!YouaretheverymanImlookingfor,”thegeneralsaidingreatjoy.“ThenIneedtogiveyourshirttoourking.Howmuchdoyouwantforit?”“Shirt?Ivenoshirtatall.”40.Whatwaswrongwiththeking?(根据短文内容回答问题)

41.FillintheblankinParagraph2withaproperword.(在第二段空白处填入一个恰当的词,使句意完整)

42.Accordingtothepassage,boththeprimeministerandthebankerfeltunhappybecausetheyalwaysworriedaboutwhattheyhadgot.(在句子空白处填入一个恰当的词,使句意完整,语法正确)

43.Whywasithardforthegeneraltofindahappyman?(根据短文内容回答问题)

44.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.(将文中画线句子翻译成汉语)

五、写作(满分15分)TeensAroundtheWorld是一个国际青少年网站,近日有人发帖,讨论“发现生活中的小欢喜”。假设你是李华,请结合自己的生活体会,用英语跟帖。注意:1.不要出现考生本人信息;2.80词左右。TeensAroundtheWorldSubject:DiscoverthelittlehappinessindailylifeHey,guys!Thesedaysmanyteenagerssaytheynearlyforgethowtosmile.Infact,littlehappinessiseverywhereinourdailylife.Trytothinkaboutonethingthatmakesyoufeelhappy.Whathappenedandwhatdidyoudoatthatmoment?Pleaseshareyourstorywithus.Emily,England

LiHua,China

242021年潍坊市初中学业水平考试(参考答案)12345678910BBCBADCCDD11121314151617181920ABEADBBDAD2122232425CACBC一、阅读理解A[语篇解读]本文是一段对话,内容是三个男孩在谈论兴趣爱好,男孩Tony喜欢芭蕾,引起了争议。1.B词义猜测题。依据第5幅图中Alex的话“itsdifferent”可知,Alex认为一个男孩跳芭蕾舞是奇怪的。故答案选B。2.B推理判断题。依据Alex对Tony的嘲笑可知他认为男孩不该跳芭蕾舞。故答案选B。3.C主旨大意题。对话以Tony喜欢跳芭蕾舞展开,所以主要是谈论个人爱好。故答案选C。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述黑人女孩Ruby想去上学,却因为黑人身份受到层层阻碍。长大后Ruby成了一个民权活动家,致力于保护政府赋予所有公民的权利。4.B细节理解题。依据第一段后两句话可知,Ruby通过了一场高难度的考试,从而获得了入学机会。故答案选B。5.A推理判断题。依据第二段第三句话可知,围在门口的人们不希望黑人上这所学校。由此可以推测“Noseatsforblack!”可能是他们喊的话。故答案选A。6.D推理判断题。依据油画的名称“TheProblemWeAllLiveWith”可知,他想通过这幅画展现美国严重的社会问题。故答案选D。7.C细节理解题。最后一段中That指代前面Weshouldneverjudgeapersonbythecoloroftheirskin。由此可知,答案选C。C[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了化学的相关知识。8.C词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句...thesmallestthingsthat...可知,此处they指的是最小物质。故答案选C。9.D细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,化学过程是指不同的化学品结合在一起,生成新物质的过程。故答案选D。10.D段落大意题。由第三段首句及下文制作番茄酱的例子可知,第三段主要讲述烹饪中的化学变化。故答案选D。11.A标题归纳题。本文主要讲述化学的相关知识。故答案选A。D[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了几种辨别假新闻的方法。12.B设空处起到承上启下的作用,主要表达并非所有的故事都是真实的。故答案选B。13.E通过小标题可知本段主要讲述查看新闻的来源。E项符合语境。故答案选E。14.A设空处为小标题,通过该小标题下的第一句可知,这个建议是在其他地方核实这则报道。故答案选A。15.D通过下文(如果这则新闻报道让你很生气,这很可能是故意为之。)可知,设空处是指思考一下新闻报道带给你的感受。故答案选D。二、语言知识运用A[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍太空服的作用。16.B依据下文可知,没有太空服,宇航员无法离开宇宙飞船。由此可知,太空服不同于一般的服装。special意为“特殊的”,符合语境。故答案选B。17.B本句是对上一句的进一步解释,这里说的是,如果没有太空服,他们就不能在月球上行走或在空间站外面工作。故答案选B。18.D由下文列出的三点内容可知,太空对人类来说是危险的。故答案选D。19.A依据常识可知,辐射会致病。故答案选A。20.D根据设空处前后的意思可知,在太空中,有些地方很冷,而有些地方却很热。while意为“然而”,表示对比。故答案选D。21.C根据前句内容可推断,设空处指如果宇航员不穿太空服就走出宇宙飞船,仅仅几秒钟就会死亡。step意为“跨步;迈步”。故答案选C。22.A依据下文可知太空服的作用,即安全地把宇航员密封在里面。故答案选A。23.C分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词theCO2,设空处缺少关系代词充当宾语,故答案选C。24.B此处讲太空服的构造,太空服下面还有一套衣服,under意为“在(一层衣服等)里面”,符合语境。故答案选B。25.C依据下文可知穿太空服会很热,而水流经这些管道会为宇航员降温。cooloff意为“使感到凉快”,符合语境。故答案选C。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇小说节选。文章主要讲述David历尽艰辛,找到亲人Betsey并被她收留的经过。26.togo此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构,作told的宾语。故答案为togo。27.looking此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语,意为“很惊讶地看着我”。故答案为looking。28.hasbeensince引导的时间状语从句与现在完成时连用。故答案为hasbeen。29.waseating此处While引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时,表示正在做某事时。故答案为wasfortable此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词bed。故答案为comfortable。31.later“一段时间+later”是固定结构,意为“……之后”。故答案为later。32.worst通过比较范围intheworld可以判断此处用形容词最高级。故答案为worst。33.angrily副词修饰谓语动词said。故答案为angrily。34.bepunished情态动词后用动词原形,根据语境,可知用被动语态。故答案为bepunished。35.replied此处填谓语动词,根据and之前的并列谓语listened可知用一般过去时。故答案为replied。三、翻译句子36.Itsapitytowastesuchdeliciousfood.It+is/was+n.+todosth.是固定句型,it作形式主语,不定