Unit 3 Festivals and customs 单元词汇详解- 高一英语牛津译林版必修第二册

牛津英语词汇详解必修第二册Unit3FestivalsandcustomsWordlistsSupportivesentences1.wedding/ˈwedɪŋ/n.婚礼，结婚庆典（30）2.*ceremony/ˈserəməni/n.典礼，仪式（30）3.decorate/ˈdekəreɪt/vt.&vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆（30）【原句背诵】Theweddingceremonytookplaceinabrightlydecoratedhotelroom.【拓展】opening/closingceremony开幕/闭幕式decoratesthg.withsthg.用……装修……decorationn.装饰，装潢；装饰物；奖章Tensofthousandsofpeoplehavebeenrehearsingfortheopeningceremonyinthenewstadium.数万人一直在新体育场里为开幕式进行排练。Hedecoratedhisroomwithpicturesofallhisfavouritesportsfigures.他用他所喜爱的所有运动员的照片装饰自己的房间。Thesittingroomneedsdecorating.客厅需要粉刷。【链接高考】（2021浙江卷）In1844theyboughtit(37)for $1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir(38)marriage （marry）ceremonyin1842.1844年，他们以1,200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。（2020全国卷I）Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所有室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率提高了15%。4.formal/ˈfɔːml/adj.（穿着、言语、行为等）适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的（30）【原句背诵】Therewerehundredsofguests,alldressedupinformal,colourfulclothes.【反义词】informaladj.非正式的；随意的；不拘礼节的Shehasaveryformalmanner,whichcanseemunfriendly.她的举止很是郑重其事，有可能会显得不友好。HewroteaveryformalletterofapologytoDouglas.他写了一封非常正式的道歉信给道格拉斯。【链接高考】（2014浙江卷）TheSwisstendtobeformalandaddresseachotherbylastname.瑞士人往往比较正式，彼此称呼姓氏。（2012全国卷）Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.例如，在公共场合和正式场合，许多日本人不像美国人那样自由地表达自己的情感。5.tradition/trəˈdɪʃn/n.传统，传统的信仰（或风俗）（30）6.bride/braɪd/n.新娘（30）7.eye-catching/ˈaɪkætʃɪŋ/adj.惹人注意的，引人注目的（30）8.*sari/ˈsɑːri/n.莎丽（南亚妇女裹在身上的长巾）（30）【原句背诵】Accordingtotradition,thebridewaswearinganeye­catchingredsilksari.【拓展】traditionaladj.传统的；惯例的There’satraditioninourfamilythatwehaveapartyonNewYear’sEve.我们家有个传统，全家要聚在一起过新年除夕。It’satraditiontovalueeducationinChina.重视教育是中国的传统。Theeye-catchingadvertisementswilltrapusintobuyingthingsthatweactuallydon’tneed.这些引人注目的广告会让我们买一些实际上我们并不需要的东西。【链接高考】（2020新高考I卷））Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.无论它是什么，结果都是对纯粹的中亚传统的完美而生动的描述。（2018天津卷）Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.不幸的是，研究表明，传统的脑力风暴无法实现这一目标。9.custom/ˈkʌstəm/n.风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾（30）10.impression/ɪmˈpreʃn/n.印象，感想；影响，效果（30）【拓展】customern.顾客；客户；消费者ageneral/anoverallimpression总的╱整体印象togetagood/badimpressionofsb/sth对某人╱某事物的印象好╱不好aninitial/alastingimpression初次╱持久的印象makeanimpressionon/uponsb.给人留下印象【误区】custom作“海关”讲时，常用复数形式(the)customs。acustomsofficer海关官员Itisthecustominthatcountryforwomentomarryyoung.女子早婚是那个国家的风俗。Itwashiscustomtoapproacheveryproblemcautiously.谨慎地处理每个问题是他的习惯。Myfirstimpressionofhimwasfavourable.他给我的第一印象不错。HistriptoIndiamadeastrongimpressiononhim.他的印度之行对他的触动很大。【链接高考】（2021浙江卷）Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan“tell”whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeontosomething.如果你觉得你的狗可以“辨别”你看起来是满意还是生气，那你可能发现了一些东西。（2020江苏卷）Apr1:ChinesecustomsbeganNAT(核酸检测)oninboundarrivalsatallpointsofentry.4月1日：中国海关开始对所有入境口岸的入境人员实行核酸检测。（2012陕西卷）AsahiringmanagerIampaidtochoosethepeoplewhowouldmakethebestimpressiononourcustomers.作为一名招聘经理，我的工作是挑选能给客户留下最好印象的人。11.bridegroom/ˈbraɪdɡruːm/n.新郎（30）12.entrance/ˈentrəns/n.进入，出场；入口；进入权；准许加入（30）【原句背诵】Onewasthebridegroom’sentranceonabeautifulwhitehorse.【拓展】theentranceto/of……的入口处acollege/universityentranceexam大学入学考试Ahighgateblockstheonlyentrancetotherear.一座高大的门挡住了通往后面的唯一入口。Hissuddenentrancetookeveryonebysurprise.他的突然出场使所有人都感到意外。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.罗马竞技场高157英尺，有80个入口，可容纳5万人。（2020全国卷I）Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.许多车站的停车场或站台入口处都设有轮椅通道。13.anythingbut决不，根本不（30）14.ordinary/ˈɔːdnri/adj.普通的，平常的；平庸的（30）【原句背诵】Thecustomsthatfollowedwereanythingbutordinary.【拓展】nothingbut只有；只不过；仅仅outoftheordinary与众不同；特别；突出Thehotelwasanythingbutcheap.这家旅馆根本不便宜。Junkfoodsareanythingbutnutritious,sostudentsshouldavoidthem.垃圾食品根本没有营养，因此学生要避免吃垃圾食品。Istronglysuspectthatmostordinarypeoplewouldagreewithme.我强烈地感到大多数普通老百姓会赞同我。Iclassmyselfasanordinaryworkingperson.我把自己归类为一名普通的劳动者。Heisfocusedonnothingbutwinning.他只关注胜利。【链接高考】（2020浙江卷）Rocksaltismadeofsodiumchloride,thesanecon-pound(化合物)inordinarytablesalt.岩盐是由氯化钠制成的，这是普通食盐中最常见的成分。（2017北京卷）Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.不幸的是，这个计划似乎不太可能奏效：我们还没有发明出一种能安全抵御普通人类的防火墙，更不用说超级智能机器了。15.romantic/rəʊˈmæntɪk/adj.浪漫的；爱情的；（Romantic）浪漫主义的（30）【原句背诵】Thecouplejoinedhandsandwalkedaroundasmallfirefourtimes.Thentheytooksevenstepstogetherbythefire,andwitheachstepmakeadifferentpromiseabouthowtheyweregoingtosupporteachotherandlivetogetherhappily.Itwasromantic!【拓展】romancen.传奇；浪漫史；冒险故事Whenwe’retogether,allhetalksaboutisbusiness.Iwishheweremoreromantic.我们在一起时，他只谈生意上的事。我希望他能更浪漫一点。WhenIwasyounger,Ihadromanticideasofbecomingawriter.我年轻一些的时候幻想过要成为一名作家。KeatsisoneofthegreatestRomanticpoets.济慈是最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。16.flight/flaɪt/n.班机，航班；航程；飞行（31）【原句背诵】ThesummerheathitmeassoonasIgotofftheflight.【拓展】adomestic/aninternationalflight国内╱国际航班TheflightfromBeijingtoGuangzhouwilltakefourhours.从北京到广州的航程需要四个小时。17.occasion/əˈkeɪʒn/n.特殊场合，盛会；时刻；时机（31）【原句背诵】NowonderpeoplefromRiotakeaweekoffforthishappyoccasion.【拓展】ontheoccasion(of)值此…之际onthisoccasion这一次onthatoccasion在那个时机；在那个时候；在那个场合下ononeoccasionadj.有一次；曾经，有一个时候occasionaladj.偶然的；临时的；偶尔的【误区】occasion作定语从句的先行词时，关系词常用when。IoftenthinkfondlyofanoccasionsomeyearsagoinNewOrleans.我经常深情地想起一些年前在新奥尔良所发生的一幕。Hewaspresentedwiththewatchontheoccasionofhisretirement.他在退休时获赠这块手表。Icanrememberveryfewoccasionswhenhehadtocancelbecauseofillhealth.我记得他因为健康不佳而被迫取消的情况绝无仅有。【链接高考】（2020江苏卷）Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.在另一种情况下，他们在开始散步前两小时吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。（2017全国卷II）Thisgreatoccasion(盛会)willbetheNationalTheatreofChina’sfirstvisittotheUK.这次盛会是中国国家大剧院首次访问英国。18.intheair可感觉到；在传播中（31）【原句背诵】Icouldfeelitalready—theCarnivalwasintheair!【拓展】noseintheair鼻孔朝天；目中无人Thispersonthinksheisbetterthaneveryoneelse.Hehashisnoseintheair.这种人认为自己比任何人都好。他很自负。There’safeelingofspringintheairtoday.今天可以感到一点春天的气息。Ourtravelplansarestillupintheair.我们的旅行计划尚未决定。（2021全国甲卷）Itwasanextremelycoldwinter’seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的夜晚，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾气。19.merry/ˈmeri/adj.愉快的，高兴的（31）【原句背诵】Luckily,Iarrivedjustintime—theshowwasabouttobeginasItookmyplaceinthemerrycrowd.【拓展】merrilyadv.愉快地；高兴地Fromthehousecomeburstsofmerrylaughter.从房子里传出阵阵欢快的笑声。MerryChristmas,everyone.祝大家圣诞快乐。20.band/bænd/n.乐队，乐团；一伙，一帮；带，箍（31）21.costume/ˈkɒstjuːm/n.戏装，装扮用服装（31）【原句背诵】Icouldseeagroupofaround20Braziliandancersandabandinfancycostumesstandinginthestreet.22.*samba/ˈsæmbə/n.桑巴舞，桑巴舞曲23.*twist/twɪst/vi.&vt.扭转，转动；使弯曲；曲折n.转动；转折；曲折处24.clap/klæp/vi.&vt.鼓掌，拍手n.鼓掌，拍手【原句背诵】Thebandstartedplayinganenergeticsambabeat,thedancerstwistedandturned,andthecrowdbegantocheer,clapandsing.Theaudiencecheeredandclapped.观众又是喝彩又是鼓掌。Everyoneclappeduswhenwewentuptogetourprize.我们上前领奖时，大家都为我们鼓掌。Sheclappedherhandsindelight.她高兴地拍起手来。25.march/mɑːtʃ/vi.齐步走，前进；流行示威n.流行示威；行进【原句背诵】Thewholegroupstartedmarchingdownthestreet.Soldiersweremarchingupanddownoutsidethegovernmentbuildings.士兵在政府大楼外面来回练习队列行进。Theymarched20milestoreachthecapital.他们行进了20英里才到达首都。Thearmybegantheirlongmarchtothecoast.部队开始了他们开往沿海地区的长途行军。26.current/ˈkʌrənt/n.水流，潮流；电流；思潮adj.当前的；通用的（31）【原句背诵】TheCarnivalcurrentcarriedusthroughtheever­growingseaofpeople,dancingalltheway.【拓展】currentlyadv.当前；目前；最近Undernormalconditions,theoceancurrentsofthetropicalPacifictravelfromeasttowest.在正常情况下，太平洋热带洋流自东流向西。Thecurrentsituationisverydifferenttothatin1990.当前的形势与1990年大不相同。【链接高考】（2018天津卷）Convergencehappenswhenthevariousproposedsolutionsareevaluatedandreducedtoasmallersetofcandidatesolutionstothecurrentproblem.（2016江苏卷）usingtechnologytoprovidestudentswithcurrentinformation利用科技为学生提供最新信息27.beer/bɪə(r)/n.啤酒（31）28.roast/rəʊst/vt.&vi.烘，烤，焙（肉等）（31）【原句背诵】Iceboxesofsoftdrinksandbeerlinedthenarrowstreets,andthesmellofroastedmeatfilledtheairaswepassedwaveafterwaveofstreetstands.Shallwehaveabeer?我们来杯啤酒吧？Ipersonallywouldratherroastachickenwhole.我个人更愿意烤整鸡。29.becaughtupin被卷入，陷入（31）【原句背诵】IwassocaughtupinthepartyfeverthatIhardlynoticedfivehoursflyby!30.annual/ˈænjuəl/adj.每年的，年度的；一年的（33）【原句背诵】LaTomatinaisanannualtomatofightfestivalcelebratedinthesmalltownofBunolinEasternSpain,whereithasbeena(n)traditionsincethe1940s.【拓展】anannualmeeting/event/report年会；一年一度的大事；年度报告annualrainfall年降雨量annuallyadv.每年；一年一次Theissueswillbevotedonatthecompany'sannualmeetingonApril21inWilmington.这些问题将在该公司4月21日在威尔明顿的年会上投票表决。TheBaoshanSteelPlantproduces100,000tonsofrefinedcopperannually.宝山钢铁厂一年生产10万吨精炼铜。【链接高考】（2021全国甲卷）TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.对来自英国各地和世界各地的摄影师来说，“Takeaview”是一项令人向往的年度比赛。（2021新高考I卷）UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.根据这项法案，所有16岁及以上的水禽猎人必须每年购买并携带联邦鸭票。31.engine/ˈendʒɪn/n.发动机，引擎（33）32.fireengine消防车（33）【原句背诵】Nowonderthefireenginesareneededtowashthestreetsafterthefight—thetownlookslikeithasbeen(7)decoratedwithredpaint!33.acid/ˈæsɪd/n.酸adj.酸性的；酸味的（33）【原句背诵】Luckily,theacidinthetomatohelpsmakeeverythingreallyclean.34.stuff/stʌf/n.东西，物品；活儿，话vt.填满，装满；把……塞进35.vehicle/ˈviːəkl/n.交通工具，车辆；手段，工具【原句背诵】Keepyourstuffcloseandstayawayfromvehicles.Thechairswerecoveredinsomesortofplasticstuff.椅子都包了一种塑料膜。Areyouthedriverofthisvehicle?你是这辆汽车的驾驶员吗？Theplayisanidealvehicleforhertalents.这部戏是她施展才华的理想机会。36.earn/ɜːn/vt.&vi.赚得；获利；赢得【原句背诵】IfshewastobuyanicegiftforherhusbandJim,shewouldneedmoremoney.Buthowcouldsheearnsome?【拓展】earn/makealiving谋生；维持生活earnone’srespect赢得某人的尊重earnareputationas/for…因……获得荣誉Sheearnedalivingasapart-timesecretary.她靠做兼职秘书为生。Hisvictoryinthetournamentearnedhim$50000.他在这次锦标赛中获胜，挣得了5万元。Asateacher,shehadearnedtherespectofherstudents.作为教师，她赢得了学生的尊敬。Companiesmustearnareputationforhonesty.公司必须赢得诚信。【链接高考】（2021新高考I卷）Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework.这种工作能让你珍惜自己挣来的钱，并尊重那些为你工作的人。（2021浙江卷）TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer(职业)inacting.对他叔叔的崇拜和尊敬激励了尼尔森以表演为职业。37.mirror/ˈmɪrə(r)/n.镜子38.apartment/əˈpɑːtmənt/n.公寓套房【原句背诵】Dellastoodinfrontofthemirrorinherapartment.Shelookedatherreflection,brushedherlong,brownhair,andmadeuphermind:shewasgoingtosellherhair.【熟词生义】mirror作动词时，意思是“反映；反射；镜像”。Themusicofthetimemirroredthefeelingofoptimisminthecountry.这个时期的音乐反映出这个国家的乐观精神。DespitethefactthatIhavetriedtobeobjective,thebookinevitablymirrorsmyowninterestsandexperiences.尽管我曾努力做到客观，但这本书还是不可避免地反映出了我自己的兴趣和经历。【链接高考】（2021全国甲卷）Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.在你的房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们在试穿衣物时就能看到它们的样子。39.hunt/hʌnt/vi.&vt.寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕【原句背诵】ShespentthenexttwohourshuntingforJim’sgift.【拓展】huntfor搜寻；寻找huntern.猎人；搜寻着；猎犬WhalesarestillbeinghuntedandkilledintheArctic.北冰洋的鲸类仍然遭到猎杀。I’vehuntedeverywherebutIcan’tfindit.我到处都搜遍了，就是找不到它。Sheisstillhuntingforanewjob.她还在找新工作。【链接高考】（2021新高考I卷）Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.猎人愿意支付邮票的价格，以确保自然资源的生存。（2011湖北卷）Asanimals,wolvesworktogethertohuntandrelyonhowlingwhichwasanimportantmeansofcommunicationwitheachother.作为动物，狼善于群猎，依靠嚎叫作为彼此交流的重要手段。40.chain/tʃeɪn/n.链子，链条；一系列；连锁店vt.用锁链拴住41.passdown使世代相传，流传【原句背诵】Shefounditatlast:asimplebutbeautifulwatchchainforhisgoldwatch,whichhadbeenpasseddowntohimfromhisgrandfather.【拓展】achainof一连串的；一系列的achainofsupermarkets/asupermarketchain连锁超市Sheworeaheavygoldchainaroundherneck.她戴着一条粗实的金项链。Thewholefoodchainisaffectedbytheoveruseofchemicalsinagriculture.整个食物链因农业中过度使用化学药品而受到影响。Humanspassdowntheirskillsandknowledgetothenextgenerationsthrougheducation.通过教育，人类把这些技术和知识代代相传。42.income/ˈɪnkʌm;ˈɪnkəm/n.收入，收益43.per/pə(r);pɜː(r)/prep.每，每一【原句背诵】Withanincomeoftwentydollarsperweek,lifewashardforthecouple,butJimwantedtobuyaperfectgiftforDella.【拓展】peopleonhigh/lowincomes高╱低收入的人ariseinnationalincome国民收入的增长Tourismisamajorsourceofincomeforthearea.旅游业是这个地区的主要收入来源。Manyfamiliesonlowincomeswillbeunabletoaffordtobuytheirownhome.许多低收入家庭根本无力购买房子。44.*comb/kəʊm/n.梳子；梳理（头发）vt.梳，梳理；搜寻【原句背诵】HethoughtofthebeautifulsetofcombsonshowinoneoftheshopwindowsonBroadway.Dellahadwantedthosecombsforsolong.【拓展】comb(through)sthg,forsb./sthg.仔细搜索；搜寻Salvatorecombedhishaircarefully.萨尔瓦多仔细地梳理了他的头发。Icombedtheshopslookingforsomethingtowear.我跑遍商店寻找可穿的东西。Officerscombedthewoodsforthemurderweapon.警察彻底搜查了那片树林，寻找杀人凶器。45.package/ˈpækɪdʒ/n.包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子vt.将……包装好；包装【原句背诵】Thatafternoon,Jimsoldthewatch,wenttotheshopforthecombsandreturnedhomewithapackageinhispocket.Checkthelistofingredientsonthesideofthepackage.请检查包装盒侧面的成分清单。Wepackageourproductsinrecyclablematerials.我们用可回收的材料包装我们的产品。【链接高考】（2017天津卷）ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiredaForcedWait.正确准备袋装面汤需要被迫等待。（2016天津卷）Ourprogrammeoffersthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.我们的课程提供全面的服务，学生从开始到最后都得到了很好的照顾。46.promote/prəˈməʊt/vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升（36）【原句背诵】ImportanceofpromotingtraditionalChinesefestivalsinmodernsociety【拓展】promotesthg.(assthg.)促销；推销promotesb.(fromsthg.)(tosthg.)提升；晋升policiestopromoteeconomicgrowth促进经济增长的政策acampaigntopromoteawarenessofenvironmentalissues提高环保意识的运动promotionn.提升；晋升；推销，促销Theareaisbeingpromotedasatouristdestination.这个地区正被推广为旅游点。Youdon’thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotectiontopromoteeconomicgrowth.你们没有必要牺牲环保来促进经济增长。Heworkedhardandwassoonpromotedshopmanager.他工作勤奋，不久就晋升到车间主任了。Herjobismainlyconcernedwithsalesandpromotion.她的工作主要是销售和广告宣传方面的。【链接高考】（2020全国卷II）Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.猎人们每年捕获30多万条海狸鼠尾巴，所以穆顿现在的工作之一就是推销海狸鼠的皮毛。（2019北京卷）Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.我们的项目旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。47.fallon适逢，正当（36）48.lunar/ˈluːnə(r)/adj.月亮的，月球的（36）【原句背诵】TheDoubleNinthFestival(theChongyangFestival),whichhasahistoryofover2,000years,fallsontheninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.【反义词】lunar的反义词是solar，意思是“太阳的；与太阳相关的”。TheMid-AutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thoftheeighthmonthofourChineselunarcalendar.中秋节在中国农历八月十五日。Theninthe1970s,therewasaninterestinsolarenergyagain.到了20世纪70年代，人们又对太阳能产生了兴趣。49.observe/əbˈzɜːv/vt.遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝【原句背诵】Accordingtotradition,weshouldcelebratethefestivalbygoingmountainclimbing,buthowmanypeopletodaystillobservethistradition?【拓展】observern.观察者；观测者；遵守者observationn.观察；监视；观察报告Shehassomeinterestingobservationsonpossiblefuturedevelopments.她对未来发展的可能性有一些有趣的论述。Wecannotalwaysobservethetraditionshandeddowntousfromthepast.我们不能永远遵守过去传下来的传统。Readersarerequiredtoobservetherulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.读者被要求遵守图书馆的规章制度，并且注意自己的行为。Thescientistswillstudythevarietyoftreesandobservewhicharefruiting.科学家们将研究多种树木并观察哪些树木能结果实。DothepeopleinChinaobserveChristmas?中国人过不过圣诞节？【链接高考】（2015重庆卷）HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.他注意到，两千年后，荷马仍然受到人们的尊敬。（2013江苏卷）FailuretoobserveallParkrulescouldresultinbeingdrivenoutoftheParkwithoutrefund.不遵守公园所有规则的人可能会被赶出公园而得不到退款。50.nation/ˈneɪʃn/n.民族，国家；国民（36）【原句背诵】Traditionalfestivalsteachusalotaboutournation’shistory.【拓展】nationaladj.国家的；国民的；民族的internationaln.国际的；国际通用的Suchpolicieswouldrequireunprecedentedcooperationbetweennations.这样的政策要求国与国之间前所未有的合作。Thesebuildingsarepartofournationalheritage.这些建筑是我们民族遗产的一部分。51.honour/ˈɒnə(r)/n.尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守（36）52.inhonourof为向……表示敬意（36）【原句背诵】TheDragonBoatFestival,forexample,iscelebratedinhonourofQuQuan,agreatpoetlivingintheWarringStatesperiodofancientChina.【拓展】dosb.anhonour/dosb.thehonour(ofdoingsthg.)使增光；赏光；给…带来荣誉havethehonour有幸，荣幸inone’shonour向…表示敬意；祝贺；纪念forthehonourof为了…的声誉havethehonourof有幸做...Theystoodinsilenceasamarkofhonourtoher.他们肃立以示对她的敬意。Itwasagreathonourtobeinvitedheretoday.今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸。Hewasshoweredwithhonours–amongthemanOscar.他获得了很多荣誉–其中包括奥斯卡奖。FiveothercitieshadbeencompetingforthehonourofstagingtheGames.另外五个城市一直在为赢得该运动会的举办权而相互竞争。HehasbeenhonouredwithaNoblePrizeforhisscientificwork.他因科研成就而获诺贝尔奖。Thereisapartytonightinhonourofournewpresident.为了庆祝新总经理就任，今晚有聚会。【链接高考】（2020新高考I卷）Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.在这期间，她一直保持着良好的学业成绩，并以优异的成绩毕业。（2012全国卷I）It’snotonlythelaw,butit’sanagreementwehave,andwetrusteachothertohonorit:wedon’tgothroughredlights.这不仅是法律，也是我们达成的协议，我们相信彼此会遵守它：我们不闯红灯。53.generation/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/n.一代人；代，一代；产生（36）【原句背诵】BycelebratingtheDragonBoatFestivalwithricedumplingsanddragonboatraces,thestoryofQuYuanispasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.【拓展】generatevt.使形成；发生；产生Thelaboursecretarysaidthereformswouldgeneratenewjobs.劳动部长说这些改革将带来新的工作。Ioftenwonderwhatfuturegenerationswillmakeofourefforts.我常常想：后代将怎样评价我们所做出的努力。Myfamilyhavelivedinthishouseforgenerations.我家祖祖辈辈都住在这房子里。Naturalresourcesshouldbehandedontothenextgenerationintact（完好的；完整的）.自然资源应该完好无损地传给下一代。【链接高考】（2021新高考Ｉ卷）About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.每一美元的鸭票中，约有98美分将直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，将其纳入国家野生动物保护区系统——这一事实确保了这片土地将受到保护，供后代使用。（2021全国乙卷）GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.拥有年轻家庭的一代人，比如我和我妻子，仍然觉得拥有一部固定电话比给每个家庭成员都提供一部手机更方便。54.source/sɔːs/n.来源；起源；源头（36）55.identity/aɪˈdentəti/n.特性；身份（36）【原句背诵】Finally,traditionalfestivalsareasourceofnationalprideandhelpshapeournationalidentity.【拓展】renewableenergysources可再生能源anidentitycard身份证Yourlocallibrarywillbeausefulsourceofinformation.你们当地的图书馆就是很好的资料来源。Renewablesourcesofenergymustbeused.可再生的能源必须利用。Thepolicearetryingtodiscovertheidentityofthekiller.警方正努力调查杀人凶手的身份。【链接高考】（2021新高考I卷）NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.美洲原住民合理地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。不幸的是，在随后的几十年里，探险家和定居者毁坏了大部分资源。（2021）Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution.塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的最大来源。（2014浙江）They’relookingforawaytoregaintheirindividualidentity,andwe’vefoundthatintroducingrealcraftsisonewaytodothat.他们正在寻找一种重新获得个人身份的方法，我们发现引入真正的工艺品是一种方法。56.previous/ˈpriːviəs/adj.先前的，以往的；稍前的（36）【原句背诵】Traditionalfestivalshavebeenpasseddowntousfrompreviousgenerations.【比较】（见词条58）precious/ˈpreʃəs/adj.宝贵的，珍贵的；珍奇的，珍稀的Iwasunabletoattendtheconferencebecauseofapreviousengagement.我因有约在先，无法出席会议。Nopreviousexperienceisnecessaryforthisjob.这一工作无需相关的经验。（2017天津卷）Writeanotheremailasswiftlyasyoucanandsenditwithabrieftitleexplainingthatthisisthecorrectversionandthepreviousversionshouldbeignored.尽快再写一封邮件，并附上简短的标题，说明这是正确的版本，之前的版本可以忽略。（2014湖南卷）Nopreviousexperienceorspecialbackgroundisrequired.不需要以前的经验或特殊背景。（2014安徽卷）Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughthatmightbethemoreriskychoice.因此，我反对复制以前的建筑风格，选择一些新鲜和不同的东西，即使这可能是更冒险的选择。57.duty/ˈdjuːti/n.责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税（36）【原句背诵】Itisthedutyofeveryoneofustoprotectthemforgenerationstocome.【拓展】onduty值班，上班offduty下班senseofdutyn.责任感；责任心do/perform/carryoutone’sduty承担责任；尽职；尽本分neglectofduty玩忽职守；[法]失职；过失责任Itisthedutyof…todo….做某事是……的责任Staffmustreportfordutyattheirnormalplaceofwork.职员必须到他们平常的岗位报到上班。Icarriedoutmydutiesconscientiously.我认真执行了我的各项职责。Idon’twantyoutovisitmesimplyoutofasenseofduty.我不希望你只是出于责任感才来看我。Itismydutytoreportittothepolice.把这事报告给警方是我的责任。【链接高考】（2017全国卷I）Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.父母已经尽了他们的责任，可能还会继续这样做。（2014安徽卷）Althoughwehavetorespectpeople’sfeelingsasfellowusersofthebuildings,Ibelievethatitisthedutyofthearchitectandplannertomovethingsforward.虽然我们必须尊重作为建筑使用人的感受，但我认为推动事情向前发展是建筑师和规划师的责任。58.precious/ˈpreʃəs/adj.宝贵的，珍贵的；珍奇的，珍稀的（39）【原句背诵】Apreciousfamilydinner【比较】（见词条56）previous/ˈpriːviəs/adj.先前的，以往的；稍前的Afamilybreakallowsyoutospendprecioustimetogether.一次家庭休假让你有机会和家人共度宝贵时光。Herfamily’ssupportisparticularlyprecioustoJosie.家人的支持对乔茜尤为珍贵。【链接高考】（2021新高考I卷）NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.美洲原住民合理地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。（2018江苏卷）Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.大量的收藏品包括从9世纪到15世纪的欧洲雕塑、彩色玻璃和珍贵物品。59.eve/iːv/n.前夜，前夕（39）60.china/ˈtʃaɪnə/n.瓷，瓷器（39）61.plate/pleɪt/n.盘子，碟子；板块；车牌（39）62.sort/sɔːt/n.种类，类别vt.整理，分类；妥善处理（39）63.pork/pɔːk/n.猪肉（39）【原句背诵】Itisjustfiveo’clockontheChineseNewYear’sEve,andthedinnertableisalreadycoveredwithwhitechinaplatesandbowls,fullofallsortsofdishes:chicken,duck,pork,fishandvegetables.【拓展】allsortofsthg.各种各样的ofthis/thatsort这/那种的sort…into…把…..分类……sortout整理；挑出；把……安排好Thissortofproblemisquitecommon./Thesesortsofproblemsarequitecommon.这类问题相当普遍。╱这几类问题相当普遍。Therearesomanydifferentsortsofmushroomsavailablethesedays.这些日子可买到各种各样的蘑菇。Thereareallsortsofactivities(=manydifferentones)forkidsatthecampsite.在营地有为孩子们组织的各种各样的活动。Rubbishcaneasilybeseparatedandsortedintoplastics,glassandpaper.垃圾很容易分开并归入塑料、玻璃和纸三类。Ifyou’regoingtothebusstation,canyousortouttheticketsfortomorrow?你要去汽车站的话，能不能把明天的车票买好？【链接高考】（2020浙江卷）Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.在随后的8年时间里，科学家们要求同一组人每18个月回到实验室进行同样的测试。（2014广西卷）Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.虽然他们发现大多数文件上是外国地址，她的父母还是仔细地整理了这些文件。64.bite/baɪt/n.（咬下的）一口；咬；咬伤vt.&vi.(bit,bitten)咬，叮（39）65.select/sɪˈlekt/vt.选择，挑选（39）【原句背诵】LuoYan’sson,Bofeng,happilytakeabiteofthechickenhisgrandfatherhasselectedforhim.【拓展】take/haveabiteof…咬一口……biteat…咬……biteone’stongue忍住不说select…for…挑选……select…as…挑选……select…from…从……挑选select…todo…挑选……做某事selectionn.选择；挑选；精品集selectiveadj.有选择的；精挑细选的【误区】select10books意思是“选10本书”；selectfrom10books意思是“从10本书中选择”。使用时注意不同的用法。Hedidn’teatabiteofhisdinner(=heatenothing)beforehewentwork.他一口饭没吃就去上班了。Everyyearinthiscountrymorethan50,000childrenarebittenbydogs.每年这个国家有五万多个孩子被狗咬伤。Itiswisetobiteyourtongueoncontroversialissues.有争议的话题还是不说为妙。Wehaveover30beautifuldesignstoselectfrom.我们有30多种美丽的图案可供选择。Withactivehabitatselection,anorganismisabletophysicallyselectwheretoliveandbreed.通过主动选择栖息地，生物能够在生理意义上选择生存和繁殖的地方。【链接高考】（2021全国甲卷）Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunithas.成功的交换取决于衣服的选择，活动的组织，显然，还有很多有趣的地方。（2019全国卷I）Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社区).适用人群：选定社区的15-18岁青年。（2018全国卷II）Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/careers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.学生应该和他们的父母/职业一起阅读这份清单，并选择两项他们想做的活动。66.settle/ˈsetl/vi.&vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置（39）【原句背诵】LuoYanandhiswifeandsonhavesettledinthebigcity,farawayfromtheirhometown.【拓展】tosettleadispute/anargument/amatter解决争端╱争论╱事情settledown（在某地）定居下来，过安定的生活settleonsthg.选定；决定settlern.移民者；殖民者settlementn.解决；处理；结算；殖民HevisitedParisandeventuallysettledthere.他访问了巴黎并最终在那儿定居了。Thetwocountriesagreedtotrytosettletheirdisputebynegotiation.两国同意尽量通过谈判解决他们之间的纠纷。ThisregionwassettledbytheDutchinthenineteenthcentury.荷兰人于十九世纪来到这一地区定居。【链接高考】（2021全国甲卷）Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.除了我，家里的人都很快地在城里安顿下来。（2021新高考Ｉ卷）Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.不幸的是，在随后的几十年里，探险家和殖民者就毁坏了这里大部分资源。67.convenient/kənˈviːniənt/adj.方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的（39）【原句背诵】However,thehigh-speedtrainhasmadeitmuchmoreconvenientforthemtogobackhome.【拓展】Itisconvenient(forsb.)todosthg.（某人）方便做某事conveniencen.方便，便利；便利的事物forconvenience为了方便forone’sconvenience=fortheconvenienceofsb.为了方便某人atone’sconvenience在某人方便时【反义词】inconvenientadj.不便的；不方便的；麻烦的【误区】一般情况下，“人”不能用作convenient的主语，而要用Itisconvenientforsb.todosthg.结构，在具体使用时要特别注意。Itisveryconvenienttopaybycreditcard.用信用卡付款非常方便。Fruitisaconvenientsourceofvitaminsandenergy.水果是维生素和能量的便利来源。Abicycleisoftenmoreconvenientthanacarintowns.在城镇骑自行车常常比开车更方便。Mailorderisaconvenienceforbuyerswhoaretoobusytoshop.网购对于那些没有时间购物的人来说是很方便的。Themallhasprovidedseatsf