2020山东青岛英语试卷+答案+解析

242020年青岛市初中学业水平考试(满分:90分考试时间:100分钟)第Ⅰ卷(满分40分)Ⅰ.单项选择(本题10小题,每小题1分,共10分)从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。1.Whatunusualschooltripwehad!Iwillneverforgetit.

A.a B.an C.the D./2.Youdbetternothangoutafterschooltellingyourparents.Theymayworryaboutyou.

A.by B.with C.without D.after3.LiLeididntplaycomputergameslastweekend.,heworkedasavolunteerinanoldpeopleshome.

A.Instead B.Certainly C.Though D.Gradually4.Pleaseremembertotheelectricityandwaterbeforeyouleavethelaboratory.

A.takeoff B.shutoff C.gooff D.putoff5.—Isthishat?

—No,theredoneis.

A.Lucys;her B.Lucy;herC.Lucys;hers D.Lucy;hers6.Teachersexpectalltheirstudentsprogressdaybyday.

A.tomake B.make C.totake D.take7.InChinesefamilies,peoplewontstartdinnertheelderstaketheirseats.

A.after B.when C.because D.until8.MyPeople,MyCountryismovieIveeverseen.

A.moreeducational B.themosteducationalC.educational D.lesseducational9.—Allen,shallwegotothebookstorethisafternoon?—Imsorry,David,butImeetmycousinatthetrainstation.

A.haveto B.can C.may D.could10.—Lily,couldyoutellme?

—Abouttenminutes.A.howfarisitfromyourhometoschoolB.howfaritisfromyourhometoschoolC.howlongdoesittakeyoutowalktoschoolD.howlongittakesyoutowalktoschoolⅡ.完形填空(本题10小题,每小题1分,共10分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。MylifewasperfectwhenIwastwelveyearsold.Ihadabigfamily,11mysister,Chrissy,andalittlebrother,Patrick,whomIlovedgreatly.Springwascoming,andIwas12aboutanothersummerwithGrandma.SheandIhadgreatfuntogetherlastsummer.Shewasretiring(退休)thisyear,13thatmeantmoretimewithher.Then,onApril11,2017,at10:00P.M.,wewereallgoingtobedwhenthephonerang.Myunclewas14tosaythatGrandpahadjusttakenGrandmatothehospital...

ThenextmorningIwastoldthatGrandmawasgoneduetoheartdisease.Itriedtobestrong,butevenmyfather15.Ihadntevensaidgoodbyetoher.Icouldntcontrolmy16anymoreandbegantocryloudly.Itfinallyhitme:Shewasgone17.Allshehadleftmewere18inthegarden—thehourswespentplantingflowersandtakingcareof19.Ibelievethatmygrandmaisastarwatchingoverme,andshewouldhavewantedmetobe20andhappylikeher,eventhoughtherearebadtimes.MyfamilyandfriendslovemeforwhoIamandsupportmeforwhatIdo,asIknowmygrandmawould,too.

11.A.besides B.including C.except D.beside12.A.worried B.excited C.moved D.surprised13.A.but B.while C.so D.or14.A.calling B.visiting C.helping D.writing15.A.shouted B.spoke C.talked D.cried16.A.thoughts B.words C.ideas D.feelings17.A.ever B.forever C.always D.sometimes18.A.instructions B.suggestions C.memories D.experiments19.A.them B.her C.it D.us20.A.weak B.careful C.polite D.strongⅢ.阅读理解(本题20小题,每小题1分,共20分)阅读下列短文,做出正误判断或选出最佳选项。A篇为判断正(A)误(B)题,B、C篇为选择题,D篇为六选五补全短文。AChinaNationalFilmMuseum9NanyingRoad,ChaoyangDistrict,BeijingTel:(010)84355959Open:9:00—16:30exceptMGiftshopwithlegitimateDVDs/cafeteria/snackshops(popcornformovieviewing)ForbiddenCityandthePalaceMuseum4JiangshanqianStreet,DongchengDistrict,BeijingTel:(010)85007421/7420Open:8:30—17:00,Apr.1—Oct.31;8:30—16:30,Nov.1-Mar.31ClosedonMon.afternoonexceptpublicholidaysandsummervacation(July1—Aug.31)Giftshop/bookshop/museumguideavailable/restaurant/coffeeshop/shopsandcafesNationalArtMuseumofChina1WusidaStreet,DongchengDistrict,BeijingTel:(010)64001467Open:9:00—17:00,lastentry16:00CafeteriaatthebackofthebuildingNationalMuseumofChina16EastChanganStreet,DongchengDistrict,BeijingTel:(010)65116188Open:9:00—17:00exceptMon.,ticketboxclosedat15:30Giftshop/audioguide21.YoucanvisittheChinaNationalFilmMuseumonTuesday.22.Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutfilms,youcancall(010)64001467.23.YoucanvisittheForbiddenCityandthePalaceMuseumonMondayinsummervacation.24.YoucanentertheNationalMuseumofChinaat17:30.25.ThefourmuseumsareinthesamedistrictofBeijing.BWildbeavers(河狸)areback!Expertssaythatthewildbeaverfamiliesaredoingwell.Thebeaversareevenboostingwildlifeandtheenvironment!Overtenyearsago,afamilyofbeaversturnedupinapartoftheRiverOtter,inDevon.Nooneknewexactlywheretheycamefrom.Itwasabigsurprise—wildbeavershadntlivedinEnglandforaround400years!In2015,thegovernmentallowedthebeaverstostaythereaspartofatrial(试验).Theywantedtoseeiftheseanimalscouldbereintroducedtothewild.ThetrialendsinFebruary.SomescientistsfromtheUniversityofExeteralreadysaythebeavershelpthewildlifeinthearea.Onescientistcalledit“anamazingstory”.Alotofthisisbecauseofdams.Beaversbuilddamsalongtheriver.Thiscreatesdeeppoolsintheriverbedandslowsthewaterdown.Scientistssaythisisperfectformanydifferenttypesofplantsandanimals!Manyplantsaregrowingnearthebeavers.Differenttypesofanimalsarealsobecomingmoreandmoreintheriver.Beaversalsohelpmakefloodingless,scientistssay.Thebeaversdamsslowdownthespeedoftheriver,especiallyafterheavyrain.Thereare,however,someproblems.Beaversgnaw(咬,啃)ontreesandthiscanharmthem.Theirdamscanalsosometimescreatefloods(洪水)onpeoplesland.Beaversarenttheonlyanimalsthatarebeingreintroducedtothewild!In2019,redsquirrelswerebroughtbacktoanareaoftheScottishHighlands.Furtheraway,theworldsrarest(最罕见的)duck,theMadagascarpochard,ismakingacomeback.ItwassetfreeintothewildontheAfricanislandin2019andisdoingwell.Whoknowswhatotheranimalsmightbemakingacomeback?26.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“boosting”inparagraph1?A.building B.spreading C.helping D.creating27.Whydidthegovernmentwantatrialfirst?Becausetheywantedto.

A.growmoreplantsalongtheriverB.builddamsforthebeaversinthewildC.introducethebeaverstothewildD.seeifthebeaverscouldbereintroducedtothewild28.WhatarethegoodthingsaboutwildbeaverslivingontheRiverOtter?A.Theyhelpplantsgrowandmakefloodingless.B.Theybringheavyrainandfloods.C.Theygnawontreesandharmthem.D.Theirdamscreatefloodsonpeoplesland.29.Howmanykindsofanimalsarementionedinthenewsstorywhichhavebeenreintroducedtothewild?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.30.Howdoyouthinkanimalloversfeelaboutthenews?A.Embarrassed. B.Pleased.C.Tired. D.Disappointed.CPartofEarthsbeautycomesfromitsoceans.Oceanscientistsstudythechemicalmake-upoftheocean,weatherpatterns,thegeographyoftheoceanfloor,andmanyotherareas.Theirworkisexciting,althoughsometimesdangerous.Usingtechnologytodocertaintaskshelps.Forexample,roboticarmsareusedforverydangeroustasks.Onebasicpartofoceanstudyisunderstandingwavesandhowtheywork.Windisthegreatmakerofwaves.Thewavesweknowaremostlyproducedbywindsblowingoverthesea.Theyaredirectlyconnectedwiththewindspeedandthetimethatwindlasts.Sometimesoceanlifecanbeseeninthewave.Livingthingsseemtobestayingwithinthewave,movingslowlyinsideitasiftheywereweightless.Besidesthebeautyofwaves,scientistsareinterestedintheirtechnicalways.Thediagramofwavesshowshowscientistsexaminewaves.Wavesaremeasured(测量)fromthetop(crest)tothebottom(trough).Thisallowsscientiststofindouttheheightofawave.Theyalsomeasurewavesfromcresttocresttodetermine(测定)thelengthofawave.Duringseriousstorms,hugewavesmightcutaseashipapart.Shipsareatgreatriskofwindingupasbrokenpiecesafterbeinghitbytheforceofahugewave.Byunderstandingtheocean,scientistscanpreventthisbreakupofshipsbypredictingwhenthewaterwillbetoodangerousforpeopleandtheirships.Thestudyofwavesandtheoceanalsoallowsscientiststomakesurehowcertainbeacheswereformed.Bystudyingtheoceans,agreatdealcanbelearnedaboutthesurfaceweliveon.31.Whyareroboticarmsused?Because.

A.certaintasksareverydangerousB.thetasksareexcitingC.theoceansarebeautifulD.therearemanystudyingareas32.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Wavescanmakewind.B.Mostwavesareproducedbywinds.C.Scientistsmakemostwaves.D.Waveshavenothingtodowithwind.33.Whatisthemeaningof“thelengthofawave”accordingtoparagraph3?A.Thebeautyofhugewaves.B.Thetechnicalwaytostudythesea.C.Thedistancefromcresttocrestofawave.D.Thedistancefromthetoptothebottomofawave.34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarerightaccordingtothepassage?①Scientistscandecidetheweatherpatterns.②Wecantfindlivingthingsinthewaves.③Bystudyingtheocean,scientistscanpreventthebreakupofships.④Thestudyofwaveshelpsscientistsknowhowcertainbeacheswereformed.A.①③ B.②④ C.③④ D.②③35.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Adiaryentry. B.Afairytale.C.Atravelguide. D.Asciencemagazine.DYouvebeenlearningwordssinceyouwereatinybaby.Atfirst,youlearnedthemonlybyhearingotherpeopletalk.Nowthatyoureareader,youhaveanotherwaytolearnwords.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucometoawordandyouthinkyoudontknowwhatitmeans?36..

SayitFirst,sounditout.Thensayittoyourself.37..Sometimesyouknowawordinyourheadbutyoudontknowwhatitlookslikeinprint.Soifyoumatchupwhatyouknowandwhatyouread—youhavetheword!

UsecontextIfthisdoesntwork,takethenextstep:lookatthecontext—theotherwordsandsentencesaroundit.Readthissentence:Whenitrained,thedoglookedforshelterinthedoorway.38..Rainandinthedoorwaymightgiveyouhelpfulinformation.

39.

Ifthecontextdoesnthelp,lookatthepartsoftheword.Doesithaveanypartsyouknow?Thesecanhelpyouunderstandwhatitmeans.Ifyoudontknowthemeaningofminer,trylookingatpartsoftheword.Youmightknowthatamineisaplaceundergroundwherepeoplegetcoalandothervaluablethings.Alotoftimes,-erattheendofawordmeans“apersonwhodoessomething”.Soaminermightbesomeonewhoworksinamine.LookitupIfthethreestepsabovedontwork,youcanlookitup.40.—eitherabookoronline.

Nobodyknowsthemeaningofeveryword,butgoodreadersknowhowtounderstandwordstheydontknow.根据短文内容,从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选项。A.UsewordpartsB.LookatthewordsC.ItmightsoundlikeawordyouknowD.YoucanfindthewordinadictionaryE.FollowingsomeeasystepscanhelpyouF.Ifthewordshelterdoesntlookfamiliar,lookatthewordsaroundit第Ⅱ卷(满分50分)Ⅳ.词汇运用(本题10小题,共15分)A.用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。(每小题2分,共10分)dream,shine,giveout,win,hold41.Theboyhighpraiseforhiseffortstohelphisclassmateslastterm.

42.Happinessinthedoctorseyeseverytimesheseesapatientgetwell.

43.Aclassicalconcertonlinenextmonth.

44.SomeclimbersofgettingtothetopofMountQomolangmaforalongtime.

45.LucythenewbookswhenIenteredtheclassroom.

B.根据句意和所给汉语完成句子。每空一词。(每小题1分,共5分)46.Inthefaceofdanger,allthefirefighterswerebraveand(没有一个)ofthemgaveup.

47.Flyinginthesky,wecanseethefascinatingcity(在……下面).

48.Doingsportscanmakepeoplehappier,(健康),andmoreconfident.

49.Prepareyourselfforeverything(在前面)oftime,andyouwillbesuccessful.

50.(青少年)aresupposedtohelpwithhouseworktodeveloptheirindependence.

Ⅴ.阅读表达(本题10小题,共20分)A阅读下面短文,回答51至56小题。(共12分)InChina,writingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinkstonesarecalledtheFourTreasuresoftheStudy.Amongthehigh-quality(质量)treasures,thewritingbrushproducedinHuzhou,theinkstickproducedinHuizhou,thexuanpapermadeinXuanchengandtheinkstonemadeinDuanxiarethebest-known.Thewritingbrushescanbeusedtodrawthepicturesonpaintedpotteries(陶器).Theyaremainlymadeofthehairofanimals.Thosemadeofwoolarecalledyanghaoandthosemadeoftheweasels(鼬)tailhairarecalledlanghao.Theirartisticeffects(效果)inwritingandpaintingcannotbecopiedbyanyotherpens.Theinkstickisthepigment(颜料)usedinwritingandpainting.TheinkstickproducedinHuizhouisofhighquality.Astorygoeslikethis:TwofamousskilledmenXiChaoandhissonproducedakindofhigh-qualityinkstick.Asaresult,theEmperorLiYuintheSouthernTangDynastyagreedtogivethemthefamilyname“Li”.Fromthenon,thefameoftheLiInkStickwaswidespread.IntheSongDynasty,itsproducingareawaschangedintoHuizhou,anditwasthencalledtheHuiInkStick.PaperisamongthefourgreatinventionsinancientChina.ThefamousxuanpaperappearedintheSuiandTangdynasties.InXuanzhou,AnhuiProvincewherethexuanpaperisproduced,itssaidthatCaiLunspupilKongDantookthejobofproducingpaperbutfailedtomakeperfectwhitepaper.Laterhehappenedtoseetheebony(檀木)intherivers.Itwaswetwiththewaterandturnedwhite.Thenheusedthebark(树皮)toproducetheworld-famousxuanpaper.TheinkstonewasalreadyverypopularintheHanDynasty.TheMingandQingdynastiessawtheappearanceoftheFourFamousInkStones—DuanInkStone,SheInkStone,TaoInkStoneandChengniInkStone.Theycannotonlybeusedinwritingandpaintingbutalsoforadmiration.51.Whatarethewritingbrushesmainlymadeof?(2分)

52.WhydidXiChaoandhissongetthefamilynamefromtheEmperorLiYu?(2分)

53.Whatdoesitinparagraph3referto(指的是)?(2分)

54.HowdidKongDanfindthewaytomakethefamousxuanpaperbyaccident?(2分)

55.WhendidtheFourFamousInkStonesappear?(2分)

56.Whatsthetitle(标题)forthepassage?(不超过10个词,2分)

B阅读下面短文,完成57至60小题。(共8分)TotheEditor,IamwritingasamemberofOne-on-One,thesixth-gradementoring(指导)group.Ourgroupistwoyearsoldandmadeupof14students.Ourtaskistohelpstudentsreachtheirgoalsthroughmentoring.Wehopethereadersofthisschoolnewspaperwilljoinourgroup.Thisismyfirstyearasamentor,butIhavealreadylearnedthateveryonetakingpartinmentoringgetssomethingoutofit.

Iwasassigned(分配)toamentorlastyear.Mentoringwasoneofthebestthingsthathappenedtome.Iwasabletoturnthecorneratanimportantpointinmystudies,goingfromnearlyfailingmathtopassingit.ItstillamazesmethatIcompletelychangedfromalmosthatingmathtolovingit!WouldyoubelieveImeventhinkingofstudyingmathincollege?EvenifIdont,IhaveskillsthatIwillusefortherestofmylife.Myownexperiencemademefeelcertainofbecomingamentorthisyearandhelpingotherstudentslikemyself.NowthatIamamentor,Irealizewhatagoodfeelingyougetfromhelpingsomeoneelseandknowingthatyouremakingadifferenceinhisorherlife.Inmanysituations,lastingfriendshipsaremadeaswell.MymentorandIhititoffrightaway.Andwerestillgoodfriendstoday.Becomingamentorisaseriouscommitment(承诺).Mentorsspendonehoureveryweekwiththestudenttheyarementoring.Consideringyourresponsibilities,itmaybedifficulttoaddanothercommitmenttoyourschedule.ButIhopeyouwillatleastconsiderthepossibility.Thankyouforconsideringourinvitation.Welookforwardtohearingfromyou.Sincerely,MarkLopez57.将画线句子Ourtaskistohelpstudentsreachtheirgoalsthroughmentoring.翻译成汉语。(2分)

58.参照示例,列举Mark在数学学习方面的两个转变。(2分)①passthemathexams②

③

59.从文中找出与“Ibecamefriendswithmymentorassoonaswemet.”句子意思相同或相近的句子。(2分)

60.根据短文内容填空。每空一词。(2分)Mark,oneofthementors,offeredtowritealettertoasktheoftheschoolnewspapertoconsiderthepossibilityofthementoringgroup.

Ⅵ.书面表达(共15分)请你以谚语“Timeandtidewaitfornoman(时光不等人)”为题,写一篇英语演讲稿。内容包括:1.你对这条谚语的理解;2.能体现谚语含义的个人经历或经验;3.你的个人感悟。要求:1.词数80—100(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等相关信息。TimeandTideWaitforNoManGoodmorning,everyone!Itsmygreathonortohaveachancetomakeaspeechhere.

Thatsall.Thanksforyourlistening.

242020年青岛市初中学业水平考试(参考答案)答案速查12345678910BCABCADBAD11121314151617181920BBCADDBCAD21222324252627282930ABABBCDACB31323334353637383940ABCCDECFAD第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ.单项选择1.B句意:我们的学校旅行真不寻常!我永远不会忘记它。本题考查不定冠词。trip为可数名词,一次学校旅行为泛指,应该使用不定冠词。设空处后面的unusual以元音音素开头,故选B。2.C句意:你最好不要放学后不告诉你父母就出去闲逛。他们可能会担心你。本题考查介词。根据后面一句Theymayworryaboutyou.可以推断父母不知道你去了哪里就会担心,也就是没有告诉父母。故选C。3.A句意:上个周末李磊没有玩电脑游戏。相反,他在一家养老院做志愿者。本题考查副词辨析。instead代替,反而;certainly确定,无疑;though然而;gradually逐渐地。根据前后内容可知,这是两件相对的事情,故选A。4.B句意:在你离开实验室前,请记得关掉电源和水。本题考查动词短语。takeoff(飞机)起飞;shutoff关闭,关上;gooff爆炸;putoff推迟。根据常识可知,离开实验室前,应该关闭电源和水。故选B。5.C句意:——这顶帽子是露西的吗?——不,那个红色的是她的。本题考查名词所有格和物主代词。问帽子是不是露西的,应该用名词所有格;用一个词表示她的(帽子),应该用名词性物主代词。6.A句意:老师们期望他们所有的学生一天一天地取得进步。本题考查动词不定式及习惯表达。固定搭配expectsb.todosth.意为“期望某人做某事”,取得进步用makeprogress来表达,故选A。7.D句意:在中国家庭里,直到长辈入座,人们才开始吃饭。本题考查时间状语从句。根据常识,在中国,长辈不坐下,家人不能吃饭,也就是直到长辈坐下人们才开始吃饭。固定搭配not...until...意为“直到……才……”,故选D。8.B句意:《我和我的祖国》是我看过的最有教育意义的电影。本题考查形容词的比较等级。根据比较范围Iveeverseen可知,应该用最高级。故选B。9.A句意:——艾伦,我们今天下午去书店好吗?——对不起,戴维,我得去火车站接我表弟。本题考查情态动词。haveto必须,不得不;can能,会;may可以,也许;could能,可以。根据答语中的sorry可知,我不得不去接我表弟。故选A。10.D句意:——莉莉,你能告诉我你走路上学花多长时间吗?——大约十分钟。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述句语序,先排除A和C。再根据答语可知问的是时间,故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。作者的奶奶于2017年因心脏病去世。本文描写了作者听到奶奶去世时的心情以及对奶奶的怀念。11.B前面提到“Ihadabigfamily”,后面提到“mysister”和“alittlebrother”,姐姐和弟弟都是家庭成员,including意为“包括”,故选B。12.B根据后面一句可知作者和奶奶去年夏天在一起过得很愉快,推断今年又能和奶奶一起度过夏天,因此作者应该是激动的。故选B。13.C前面半句说奶奶今年将要退休,后面半句说作者将有更多的时间和她在一起,两句为因果关系,前因后果,故选C。14.A根据前句的“thephonerang”可知叔叔打来电话,call意为“打电话”,故选A。15.D结合语境和下文可知,爸爸哭了。故选D。16.D根据后面提到的“begantocryloudly”可知作者控制不住自己的感情了,feelings意为“感情”,故选D。17.Bever曾经;forever永远;always总是;sometimes有时候。根据文章内容可知奶奶去世了,就是永远地离开了。故选B。18.C根据后面的“thehourswespentplantingflowers...”可知,作者认为奶奶留给他的只有回忆。instruction指令;suggestion建议;memory回忆;experiment实验。故选C。19.A前面提到和奶奶一起种花,可知一起照顾的是种下的那些花,flowers是复数,故选A。20.Dweak虚弱的;careful认真的;polite有礼貌的;strong坚强的。根据句意可知,奶奶希望作者能像她一样坚强、快乐。故选D。Ⅲ.阅读理解A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。介绍了北京的四个博物馆的地址、联系电话、开放时间、网址等内容。21.A细节理解题。由ChinaNationalFilmMuseum一栏中的“Open:9:00—16:30exceptMon.”可知只有周一不能参观,故周二可以参观的说法是正确的。22.B细节理解题。题中的“(010)64001467”是中国美术馆的电话号码,打这个电话不能了解关于电影的事情。故本题说法错误。23.A细节理解题。由ForbiddenCityandthePalaceMuseum一栏中的“ClosedonMon.afternoonexceptpublicholidaysandsummervacation(July1—Aug.31)”可知,暑假期间故宫周一不关门,因此暑假期间周一可以参观故宫的说法正确。24.B细节理解题。根据最后一栏中“Open:9:00—17:00”可知,17:00就关门,故17:30不能进入。25.B细节理解题。根据四个地方的地址可知,中国电影博物馆在朝阳区,其他三个地方在东城区,所以说四个博物馆在同一个区的说法是错误的。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。十多年前,一群河狸出现在德文郡。这是一个巨大的惊喜,因为野生河狸已经有大约400年没有在英格兰生活了!2015年,政府开始试验,看这些动物能否被放归大自然。事实证明,它们有助于野生动植物的发展。26.C词义猜测题。从第三段倒数第二句科学家说“thebeavershelpthewildlifeinthearea”,可以推断这里的boosting有帮助的意思。故选C。27.D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Theywantedtoseeiftheseanimalscouldbereintroducedtothewild.”可知,应选D。28.A细节理解题。由第四段中的“Manyplantsaregrowingnearthebeavers.”和“Beaversalsohelpmakefloodingless”可知应选A。29.C细节理解题。除了河狸,文章最后一段又提到了redsquirrels和theMadagascarpochard,一共提到了三种被放归大自然的动物,故选C。30.B推理判断题。根据本文内容可知,许多野生动物被放归大自然,因此推断动物爱好者应该感到高兴。故选B。C[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。地球的美一部分来自海洋。通过对海浪和海洋的研究,科学家帮助我们更好地了解我们生活的地球。31.A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知机械臂用于非常危险的任务。故选A。32.B主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容可知,这一段主要介绍的是海浪是由风引起的。故选B。33.C细节理解题。根据前面提到的“Theyalsomeasurewavesfromcresttocrest”可知,这里说的thelengthofawave指的是从浪尖到浪尖的距离。故选C。34.C细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句的“scientistscanpreventthisbreakupofships”和倒数第二句“Thestudyofwavesandtheoceanalsoallowsscientiststomakesurehowcertainbeacheswereformed.”可知③和④正确,故选C。35.D推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,本文与日记、童话和旅行无关,是科学方面的内容。故选D。D[语篇解读]如果在阅读时遇到不认识的单词怎么办?本文介绍了帮助读者理解新单词的步骤。36.E根据下文提到的内容可知,它们是一些简单的步骤,故选E。37.C由本段小标题和前两句可知遇到生词需要读出来,选项中与发音相关的只有C,故选C。38.F根据前面举的例子“Whenitrained,thedoglookedforshelterinthedoorway.”猜测作者应该是想用这句话为例教读者如何通过上下文猜测词义。故选F。39.A根据下面一段第一句中的“lookatthepartsoftheword”推断,这一段内容与wordparts有关,故选A。40.D根据前面的“lookitup”可知还可以查阅单词的意思。与查阅相关的选项为D。第Ⅱ卷Ⅳ.词汇运用A.41.won固定搭配winpraise意为“赢得赞誉”,根据时间状语lastterm可知应该用过去式,故填won。42.shines根据句意可知,医生的眼中应该闪耀着幸福,故选shine。再根据时间状语可知用一般现在时,主语happiness为第三人称单数,故填shines。43.willbeheld根据句意判断应该是举办音乐会,选动词hold,音乐会是被举办,用被动语态。本句时间状语为nextmonth,为一般将来时,故填willbeheld。44.havedreamed登顶珠穆朗玛峰是一些登山者的梦想,故选dream。根据时间状语foralongtime可知应该用现在完成时,故填havedreamed。45.wasgivingout动词短语giveout意为“分发”,时间状语从句为一般过去时,因此用过去进行时表示“我”进来的时候,露西正在发书。故填wasgivingout。B.46.none本题考查不定代词。none和neither都表示没有一个,区别在于none表示的范围是三者及以上,neither表示的范围