2025-2026学年广东省东莞市大岭山中学三校联考度第二学期期中考试高一英语试题 含答案

/2025-2026学年度第二学期期中考试高一英语说明：本试题共8页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节听力理解（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，每段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项。听第一段对话，回答第1-2题。1．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Agoodwaytorecycle.B．Thenewlawsonrecycling.C．Aneconomicalwaytodrinkcoffee.2．Howmuchextrawillapersonpaywhenbuyingacupofcoffee?A．5cents.B．50cents.C．5dollars.听第二段对话，回答第3-5题。3．Whatiswrongwiththeman?A．Hedoesn'thaveathermometer.B．Hehasafever.C．Hehashighbloodpressure.4．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantobringhim?A．Abottleofwater.B．Athermometer.C．Abedcontrol.5．Whatdoweknowaboutthemanfromtheconversation?A．Heshoulddrinkmorewater.B．Hejusthadanoperation.C．Heneedstoseeadoctorimmediately.第二节听取信息（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）听下面一段材料。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入标号为6-10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有60秒的作答时间。FoodinAmericaTraditionallyAmericaisfamousforthedietofmeatand6．________NowadaysEthnicrestaurantsand7．________arecommonandvarious.Therearerestaurantsservinginternational8．________inlargeAmericancities.Therearealsoethnicrestaurantsinsomecitieswhereyoucan9．________fromallovertheworld.Fast-foodrestaurantsareexpandingrapidlyinAmericabecause10．________isveryimportant.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（每小题2.5分，共15小题，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARobHillCampgroundLocatedinthePresidioparkofSanFrancisco,RobHillCampgroundisthecity’sonlyovernightcampingspot.Sittingonahilltop,itoffersbreathtakingviewsofBakerBeachandthevastPacificOcean.Justa15-minutedrivefromdowntown,thisuniquesitecombinescityconveniencewithnaturalbeauty.Facilities·TwoGroupCampsites:Eachcanaccommodateupto30people,featuringafirepit,barbecuegrills,picnictables,andstoragelockers.·ModernAmenities:Well-litrestrooms(noshowers),pavedpathwaysforeasyaccess,andabuildingforeducationprograms.·Specialnote:theGreatRoomandFireCirclearereservedforeducationprogramsonly.Pleasedonotdisturbthegroupsusingthesespaces.Reservations·Cost:$125persitepernight(militaryfamiliespay$75withID).·BookingSteps:1.DownloadtheformfromthePresidioTrustwebsite.2.Emailittocamp@withpaymentdetails.3.Wait3workingdaysforconfirmation.·StayLimit:Maximum3nights.Rules&Restrictions·QuietHours:Nonoisefrom10P.M.to6A.M.·NoPets:Exceptguidedogs.·VehicleRules:·Fourfreeparkingpassespersite;extracarspayatnearbylots.·Campertrucksandrecreationalvehicles(RVs)arenotallowed.·FireSafety:Useprovidedgrills;avoidburningwoodduringairqualityalerts.Formoreinformation,visitthePresidioTrustwebsiteorcallthePresidioVisitorCenterat(415)561-4323.1.WhatmakesRobHillCampgrounduniqueinSanFrancisco?A.ItallowsRVsandcampertrucks.B.Itoffersthecheapestcampingnearthecity.C.Itprovidesfreefirewoodforallcampers.D.It’stheonlyovernightcampingoptionwithincitylimits.2.Howmuchdoesamilitaryfamilypayfortwonights?A.$75. B.$150. C.$250. D.$300.3.Whichactivityisprohibitedatthecampground?A.Usingagrillduringtheday.B.Playingloudmusicat10:30PM.C.Stayingforthreenightswithareservation.D.Bringingaguidedogforacamperwithvisionloss.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了旧金山RobHill露营地的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“LocatedinthePresidioparkofSanFrancisco,RobHillCampgroundisthecity’sonlyovernightcampingspot.(RobHill露营地位于旧金山的Presidio公园，是该城市唯一的过夜露营地)”可知，RobHill露营地的独特之处在于它是旧金山内唯一的过夜露营地，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Reservations部分中“Cost:$125persitepernight(militaryfamiliespay$75withID).(费用：每个地点每晚125美元（军人家庭凭身份证支付75美元）)”可知，军人家庭每晚75美元，两晚应支付150美元，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据VehicleRules部分中“QuietHours:Nonoisefrom10P.M.to6A.M.(安静时间：晚上10点到早上6点没有噪音)”可知，晚上10:00后是安静时间，故B项“晚上十点半大声放音乐”是不允许的，故选B。BFraserDohertywasonly14whenhestartedmakingjam(果酱).TherehadalwaysbeenaspecialwayofmakingjamintheDohertyfamily.OnedayhisgrandmothertoldFraserthesecretand,withherhelp,hebegantoinventhisownunusualjam,allcalledSuperJam.ThejamwasgoodbecausesoonFraserwasmakingitandsellingittohisfriendsandneighborsafterschool.Withinfouryearsheproduced1,000tinsofjamaweekfromhisparents’homeinEdinburgh,Scotland.In2007,whenhewasjust17,hewonanordertoproduce120,000tinsofjamaweekforabigBritishsupermarket(超市).Thatmeantthatheneededtostartproducingjaminafactory,notathome.WhenFraserwas18hestudiedbusinessatStrathclydeUniversityinGlasgow.Hehopedthathisbusinesswouldgrowandifitdid,hecouldselljamtoothersupermarkets.Thingswentreallywell.Attheageof24hewasalreadyamillionaire(百万富翁).Todayhesellsjamtoover2,000supermarketsaroundtheworld,fromAustraliatoRussia!Traditionaljamcontainsoften80percentsugar,butMr.Doherty,whosecompanyiscalledSuperJam,hascreatedahealthychoice.Heusesonlyfruitandfruitjuice,notsugar.Hewantedtomakejamashealthyaspossible,andtaketheplaceofthetraditionallyunhealthyjamwitha“superjam”.“Itwasquitesurprisingtochangeaproductthatpeoplehavemadethesamewayforhundredsofyears,butIwantedtoaddanewway.”Afoodresearchersaid,“Fraserhastakenanoldproductandhehasmadeityoung,excitingandmodern.”4.WhendidFraserbegintodobusiness?A.Atage24. B.Atage18. C.Atage17. D.Atage14.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“itdid”inParagraph3mean?A.Helefttheuniversity. B.Hisbusinesswentwell.C.Heinventedmorejams. D.Hiscompanywasfounded.6.WhatisthebiggestdifferencebetweenSuperJamandthetraditionaljam?A.SuperJamsellsbetter.B.Traditionaljamtastesworse.C.Traditionaljamisallmadeofsugar.D.SuperJamismadeoffruitandfruitjuice.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFraser?A.Kind-hearted B.Honest. C.Creative. D.Strong-willed.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了青年企业家Fraser用祖母的配方加上自己的努力，成功地发明了健康的果酱，受到了人们的喜爱。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“FraserDohertywasonly14whenhestartedmakingjam(果酱).(FraserDoherty开始制作果酱时只有14岁。)”可知，他14岁的时候发明了这款果酱；再根据第二段“ThejamwasgoodbecausesoonFraserwasmakingitandsellingittohisfriendsandneighborsafterschool.(这种果酱很好，Fraser很快就做了出来，放学后卖给他的朋友和邻居。)”可知，发明出这种果酱后他就开始出售给朋友和邻居。所以，他开始做生意的时候是14岁。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词前一句“Hehopedthathisbusinesswouldgrow(他希望他的生意能发展起来)”以及下一句“hecouldselljamtoothersupermarkets.(他就可以把果酱卖给其他超市。)”可知，这里的“ifitdid”中的“itdid”指的是上文提到的生意发展起来的意思。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Traditionaljamcontainsoften80percentsugar,butMr.Doherty,whosecompanyiscalledSuperJam,hascreatedahealthychoice.(传统果酱通常含有80%的糖，但Doherty先生，他的公司名为SuperJam，创造了一种健康的选择。他只用水果和果汁，不加糖。)”可知，传统的果酱有80%的糖，而SuperJam的果酱中只有水果和果汁。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“OnedayhisgrandmothertoldFraserthesecretand,withherhelp,hebegantoinventhisownunusualjam,allcalledSuperJam.(有一天，他的祖母告诉了Fraser这个秘密，在她的帮助下，Fraser开始发明自己不寻常的果酱，被称为SuperJam。)”以及最后一段“Hewantedtomakejamashealthyaspossible,andtaketheplaceofthetraditionallyunhealthyjamwitha“superjam”.(他想让果酱尽可能健康，用一种“超级果酱”取代传统的不健康果酱。)”以及“Afoodresearchersaid,“Fraserhastakenanoldproductandhehasmadeityoung,excitingandmodern.”(一位食品研究人员说：“Fraser把一种古老的产品变得年轻、令人兴奋和现代。”)”可推断，Fraser是一个极具创造力的人。故选C。CLearninganewlanguagecanbeabigchallengeatanyage;however,itseemstobeespeciallydifficulttomasteraforeigntongueasweage.Whenwearegrowingup,wearebuildingalanguagesysteminourmind,whichallowsustocommunicatefreely.Ifwestartanewlanguageafteryouth,however,weareaddinganewsetofrulestoourmind.Thatiswhywefinditdifficulttolearnanewlanguage—we’rebuildinganewspeechsystemwhenwearenotyounganymore.Whyisiteasierforkidstolearnanewlanguage?Childrenarerelativelymoreactive,open-mindedandtheirlanguagesystemisnotfixed,meaningitislessworkforthemtopickupnewthings.Thegoodnewsisthatlearningalanguageisn’treallythathardifyou’reopeningyourmind.Butitdoestakehardworkandmotivationtoachieveyourgoals.It’simportanttorememberwhatyou’reactuallylearningishowtocommunicateinanewwaywithotherhumanbeings.Ifyouoftenshareyourdailyexperiencewithothersinthatlanguage,whatyou’relearningisrelatedtoyou.Forexample,ifI’mlearningItalian,Iwouldneverrememberhowtosay“Doveèlabiblioteca?”or“Whereisthelibrary?”butIwillalwaysrememberhowtosay“Tipiaceilcaffe?”or“Doyoulikesomecoffee?”Inaddition,TVshows,filmsandvideogamesinforeignlanguagesareallgreatformsofentertainmentforlearninganewlanguage.Anythingthatrelatesyoutothelanguageandcultureisgreat,solongasyoufinditenjoyable.Addingasinglenewwordtoyourvocabularycanbeinterestingandrewarding.Theroadtofluencycanbehard,buttheviewalongthewayisreallyamazing,soit’sOKifyouaredrivingslowly.8.Whataffectslanguagelearningaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Money. B.Age. C.Mind. D.Work.9.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagelearningfromparagraph2?A.Adultscanpickupnewthingsquickly. B.Childrenhaveafixedlanguagesystem.C.Adultsfindthenewruleseasytoremember. D.Childrenoutrunadultsinlanguagelearning.10.Whatishelpfulforlearningalanguageaccordingtoparagraphs4and5?A.Usingitindailylife. B.Playingvideogames. C.Goingtothelibrary. D.Takingdownitsrules.11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoBuildupYourVocabulary? B.LanguageLearning:ChanceorChallenge?C.WhydoChildrenLearnFasterThanAdults? D.IsIttooLatetoMasteraForeignLanguage?【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【导语】文章主要探讨了年龄对语言学习的影响，以及成年人学习新语言的挑战与方法，并给出了积极的学习建议。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Learninganewlanguagecanbeabigchallengeatanyage;however,itseemstobeespeciallydifficulttomasteraforeigntongueasweage.(在任何年龄学习一门新语言都可能是一个巨大的挑战；然而，随着年龄增长，掌握一门外语似乎变得尤其困难。)”和第二段最后一句“Childrenarerelativelymoreactive,open-mindedandtheirlanguagesystemisnotfixed,meaningitislessworkforthemtopickupnewthings.(儿童相对更活跃、思想更开放，他们的语言系统尚未固定，这意味着他们学习新事物更容易。)”可知，前两段主要围绕年龄对语言学习的影响展开，指出年龄越大学习越困难，儿童学习更容易。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“Ifwestartanewlanguageafteryouth,however,weareaddinganewsetofrulestoourmind.Thatiswhywefinditdifficulttolearnanewlanguage—we’rebuildinganewspeechsystemwhenwearenotyounganymore.(然而，如果我们在青年时期之后开始学习一门新语言，我们是在向大脑中添加一套新规则。这就是为什么我们觉得学习一门新语言很困难——我们是在不再年轻的时候构建一个新的语言系统。)”以及最后一句“Childrenarerelativelymoreactive,open-mindedandtheirlanguagesystemisnotfixed,meaningitislessworkforthemtopickupnewthings.(儿童相对更活跃、思想更开放，他们的语言系统尚未固定，这意味着他们学习新事物更容易。)”可知，成年人因为语言系统已固定、需要构建新系统而学习困难，儿童因为系统未固定而学习更容易，由此可推知儿童在语言学习方面比成年人更有优势。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Ifyouoftenshareyourdailyexperiencewithothersinthatlanguage,whatyou’relearningisrelatedtoyou.(如果你经常用那种语言与他人分享你的日常经历，那么你所学的就与你自身相关。)”可知，在日常生活中使用所学语言与他人交流，能够使学习内容与自身产生关联，有助于语言学习。因此在生活中使用语言对于学习语言是有帮助的。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出随着年龄增长掌握外语变得困难，第二段解释年龄影响语言学习的原因，第三至五段给出学习建议和积极态度，最后一段鼓励学习者在学习语言时放慢脚步也能欣赏沿途风景。全文围绕“年龄大了再学外语是否太晚”这一核心问题展开讨论，既承认困难也给出希望。选项D“IsittooLatetoMasteraForeignLanguage?(掌握一门外语是否为时已晚？)”准确地概括了文章的主旨，适合用作标题。DThepressureofawatchingaudiencecanhavepositiveornegativeeffectsonhumanperformance,anditturnsoutthesameistrueofourclosestrelatives.ChristenLinatKyotoUniversity,Japan,andhiscolleaguestestedagroupofsixchimps(黑猩猩)onthreenumericaltaskswithdifferentdifficulty.Inthefirsttask,thenumbers1to5appearedonascreenindifferentlocationsandthechimpssimplyhadtotouchthenumbersinthecorrectordertogetafoodreward(奖赏).Inthesecondtask,thechimpshadtopressnon-adjacentnumbers(like1,3,5,7,11,15)fromsmallesttolargestforareward.Finally,inthehardesttest,whenthefirstnumberwaspressed,therestofthenumberswentdarkonthescreen.Thismeantthechimpshadtorememberthelocationofthenumbersinordertopresstheminthecorrectorder.Thechimpsweretestedonthetasksthousandsoftimesoverasix-yearperiodwithdifferentaudiences—fromonetoeighthumanobservers.Whenthetaskwaseasy,thechimpsperformedworsewhenthereweremorepeoplewatching.Butonthemostdifficulttask,allsixofthechimpsdidbetterasthesizeoftheaudiencegrew.“Itwasverysurprisingtofindagreatincreaseinperformanceashumanobservernumbersincreased,becausewemightexpectmorehumansbeingpresenttobemoredistracting(分心的),”saysLin.“Fortheeasiesttask,thehumansmaybedistractingtothem,butforthemostdifficulttaskitispossiblethatthehumansareastressorthatactuallydrivesthemtoperformbetter.”MiguelLlorenteattheUniversityofGirona,Spain,suggestsfurtherstudiescouldbeabouthowtheaudienceeffectisrelatedtochimps’individualpersonalities.“Itwouldalsobeinterestingtostudytheseeffectswithchimpaudiencestounderstandmorefullyhowtheseinteractionsplayoutinanaturalsocialcontext,”hesays.12.Whatisauniquechallengetothechimpsinthethirdtask?A.Numberordering. B.Locationmemory.C.Audiencepressure. D.Rewardsystem13.Inwhatsituationdidthechimpsperformthebest?A.Duringtask3with8observers. B.Duringtask1with7observersC.Duringtask3with1observer. D.Duringtask1with8observers.14.WhatcanwelearnfromLin’swordsaboutthehumansindifficulttasks?A.Theymayreducetaskpressure. B.Theymayserveasadrivingforce.C.Theymaybreakconcentration. D.Theymayoffertaskguidance.15.WhatdoesLlorentesuggeststudyingabouttheaudienceeffect?A.Itsrelationwithhumanpresence. B.Itsinfluenceonhumanpersonalities.C.Itsrelationwithchimps’personalities. D.Itsinfluenceonchimps’memory.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对黑猩猩研究发现观众的压力会对人的表现产生积极或消极的影响，并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Finally,inthehardesttest,whenthefirstnumberwaspressed,therestofthenumberswentdarkonthescreen.Thismeantthechimpshadtorememberthelocationofthenumbersinordertopresstheminthecorrectorder.(最后，在最难的测试中，当第一个数字被按下时，屏幕上其余的数字都变黑了。这意味着黑猩猩必须记住数字的位置，以便按正确的顺序按下它们)”可知，在第三个任务中，黑猩猩面临的独特挑战是位置记忆。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whenthetaskwaseasy,thechimpsperformedworsewhenthereweremorepeoplewatching.Butonthemostdifficulttask,allsixofthechimpsdidbetterasthesizeoftheaudiencegrew.(当任务很简单时，当有更多的人观看时，黑猩猩表现得更差。但在最困难的任务中，随着观众人数的增加，所有6只黑猩猩都表现得更好)”可推知，任务3最难，故推测，黑猩猩在任务3中，有8名观察员情况下表现最好。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Fortheeasiesttask,thehumansmaybedistractingtothem,butforthemostdifficulttaskitispossiblethatthehumansareastressorthatactuallydrivesthemtoperformbetter.(对于最简单的任务，人类可能会分散它们的注意力，但对于最困难的任务，人类可能是一种压力源，实际上会促使它们表现得更好)”可知，困难任务对人类可能是一种推动力。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“MiguelLlorenteattheUniversityofGirona,Spain,suggestsfurtherstudiescouldbeabouthowtheaudienceeffectisrelatedtochimps’individualpersonalities.(西班牙赫罗纳大学的米格尔·略伦特建议，进一步的研究可能是关于观众效应与黑猩猩的个性之间的关系)”可知，他建议研究观众效应与黑猩猩性格的关系。故选C。第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforLearningNewTechnologyWeliveinaveryexcitingtime.However,withsuchawealthofresources,theoptionsoflearningnewtechnologycanbeverydifficult.____16____.WhattolearnThefirststep,whenpickingupanewskill,istodeterminewhattolearn.____17____.It'simportanttohavethisstronginclination,asitwillprovideyouwiththenecessaryfuel.Onceyoudecidewhattolearn,reviewingwhatothershavedonewillgiveyouconfidencethatyou,too,candoit!____18____Asyouexploredeeperintothepoolofknowledge,youwillwanttoaddotherformsofin-formation.IencourageyoutobrowsethroughiTunesU.____19____.Youcanlistentoandwatchwhatyouarelearning.Thisisparticularlyhelpfulforthosewhopreferanacademicsetting.Besides,thereareahandfulofwebsitesthatofferonlineeducationthesedays.Timeforaction____20____.Okay,you'vereadcountlesstutorials,watchedvideos,andhaveabetterunderstandingofthetechnologythatyou'vebeenhopingtolearn.Whatnow?Well,it'stimetoputyourknowledgetothetest.Eventually,thebestwaytolearnisbydoing.Pickapersonalprojectthatyoucanbuildusingthisnewtechnology.A.LearntoshareB.ListenandwatchC.ThebestwaytolearnisbydoingD.IsuggestyoukeepawayfromyourphonesE.ThiscouldbeanythingyouareinterestedinF.ItofferscompleteclassesonavarietyoftopicsG.Thefollowingtipscanhelpyoustartyourlearning【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.F20.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们生活在一个非常激动人心的时代。然而，有了如此丰富的资源，学习新技术的选择可能非常困难。文章主要介绍了一些有助于开始学习的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Weliveinaveryexcitingtime.However,withsuchawealthofresources,theoptionsoflearningnewtechnologycanbeverydifficult.(我们生活在一个非常激动人心的时代。然而，有了如此丰富的资源，学习新技术的选择可能非常困难)”结合后文介绍了学习的建议，故G选项“以下建议可以帮助你开始学习”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Thefirststep,whenpickingupanewskill,istodeterminewhattolearn.(学习新技能的第一步是确定要学习什么)”以及后文“It'simportanttohavethisstronginclination,asitwillprovideyouwiththenecessaryfuel.(有这种强烈的倾向是很重要的，因为它会为你提供必要的动力)”可知，上文提到确定要学习什么，后文则说可以提供必要动力，可知本句是在说明这种提供动力的东西是什么，E选项中anythingyouareinterestedin对应后文中it。故E选项“这可能是你感兴趣的任何东西”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据本段内容“Youcanlistentoandwatchwhatyouarelearning.(你可以听和看你正在学习什么)”可知，本段介绍的方法是通过听和看来学习。故B选项“听和看”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Asyouexploredeeperintothepoolofknowledge,youwillwanttoaddotherformsofin-formation.IencourageyoutobrowsethroughiTunesU.(随着你对知识的探索越来越深入，你会想要添加其他形式的信息。我鼓励你们浏览iTunesU)”可知，上文提到了浏览iTunesU，可知本句应承接上文说明iTunesU的作用。F选项中it指代上文iTunesU。故F选项“它提供了关于各种主题的完整课程”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】根据后文“Okay,you'vereadcountlesstutorials,watchedvideos,andhaveabetterunderstandingofthetechnologythatyou'vebeenhopingtolearn.Whatnow?Well,it'stimetoputyourknowledgetothetest.Eventually,thebestwaytolearnisbydoing.Pickapersonalprojectthatyoucanbuildusingthisnewtechnology.(好吧，你已经阅读了无数的教程，观看了视频，对你一直希望学习的技术有了更好的理解。现在该做什么？是时候测试一下你的知识了。最终，最好的学习方法是通过实践。选择一个您可以使用这种新技术构建的个人项目)”可知，本段介绍的学习方法是实践，C选项Thebestwaytolearnisbydoing对应后文中thebestwaytolearnisbydoing。故C选项“最好的学习方法是实践”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theyweregatheringatthestartingline—runnersofallages,shapesandsizes—preparingforthefirst5Kofthespringseason.IknewthisbecauseIhad____21____atthepark'spublicrestroomonmywaytobuydonutsand____22____thehugebanner(横幅)announcingtherace.Forsomereason,Idecidedtositonthegrassandwatchtheracebegin.Iwas____23____bythediversityIsaw.Therewereteenagersandgrandmas,mamaswithbabiesstrapped(捆)totheir____24____,anddadsfollowedbytheiryoungsonsanddaughters.____25____werehappeningeverywherebeforetheofficials____26____forthestart.Everyonelookedgladtobethere—proud,____27____.Iwonderedwhatarousedsuchenthusiasm.Theideaofrunningforanyreason____28____chasingdown(追)anice-creamtruckhad____29____beenattractivetome.Astherunnerstooktheirplaces,Iheard____30____fromthebleachers(看台).“Go,Barbara!Yougotthis,Mama!”“Grandpa,weloveyou!We'resoproudofyou.”Idecidedtostayandwatch.Forsomereason,theracebecameastudyinhumannature.Iwasattractedbythe____31____.Whowouldcrosslinefirst?Howlonghadthatpersonbeen____32____?Whendidheorshebecomedevotedtothesport?Forthefirsttimeinages,somethingattractedmelongenoughthatdonutstookabackseat.Ididn'tstopfordonutsthatday,Ican'ttellyou____33____why.Icantellyouthatsomethingtransformative(转变的)____34____thatraceday.NowwhenIstopattheparktousethepublicrestroom,Ialsorunthequarter-miletrack.Someday,Ihopetohearmyfamily'svoicescomingfromthosebleacherswhentheyseeGranny____35____thefinishline.21.A.stopped B.aimed C.stared D.arrived22.A.inspired B.explored C.updated D.noticed23.A.upset B.puzzled C.decorated D.fascinated24.A.arms B.legs C.backs D.hands25.A.high-fives B.push-ups C.thumb-ups D.sit-ups26.A.marched B.searched C.signaled D.gathered27.A.forfree B.inshort C.forexample D.infact28.A.morethan B.otherthan C.ratherthan D.lessthan29.A.never B.somehow C.always D.forever30.A.charging B.cheering C.laughing D.greeting31.A.achievement B.custom C.excitement D.company32.A.running B.functioning C.surrounding D.clapping33.A.typically B.particularly C.frankly D.exactly34.A.brokeaway B.tookplace C.wentthrough D.fadedaway35.A.cross B.ensure C.respect D.press【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.B31.C32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】作者途中偶遇一场春季5K跑步赛事，原本打算去买甜甜圈，却被参赛人群的多样与热情深深吸引，内心受到触动，从此也开始坚持跑步，期盼未来自己也能站上赛场、冲过终点线。【21题详解】考查动词。句意：我知道这场比赛，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上，在公园的公共洗手间停了下来，并且留意到了宣传这场比赛的巨大横幅。A.stopped停下；B.aimed旨在；C.stared凝视；D.arrived到达。根据上文“Theyweregatheringatthestartingline”和“preparingforthefirst5Kofthespringseason”赛事场景，以及下文“onmywaytobuydonuts”可知，作者半路停下脚步，才有机会发现这场赛事。【22题详解】考查动词。句意：我知道这场比赛，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上，在公园的公共洗手间停了下来，并且留意到了宣传这场比赛的巨大横幅。A.inspired激励；B.explored探索；C.updated更新；D.noticed注意到。根据上文“atthepark'spublicrestroom”和下文“thehugebannerannouncingtherace”可知，他无意间注意到了赛事横幅。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：我被眼前形形色色的人群深深吸引。A.upset沮丧的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.decorated装饰的；D.fascinated着迷的。根据下文“Therewereteenagersandgrandmas,mamaswithbabies”和“anddadsfollowedbytheiryoungsonsanddaughters”列举各类参赛人群的描写，以及上文“Idecidedtositonthegrassandwatchtheracebegin”作者决定坐下来看比赛可知，多样的参赛者让作者心生好感、为之着迷。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：有青少年、老奶奶，还有把宝宝捆在背上的妈妈们。A.arms手臂；B.legs腿；C.backs后背；D.hands手。结合生活常识与上文“preparingforthefirst5K”跑步赛事场景可知，人们外出运动时，为了方便跑步，常把孩子背在身后。【25题详解】考查名词短语。句意：在工作人员示意比赛开始之前，到处都有人互相击掌打气。A.high-fives击掌；B.push-ups俯卧撑；C.thumb-ups竖大拇指；D.sit-ups仰卧起坐。根据下文“beforetheofficialsforthestart”赛前场景，以及“Everyonelookedgladtobethere”众人开心的状态可知，选手们互相击掌加油鼓劲，营造出热闹的氛围。【26题详解】考查动词。句意：在工作人员示意比赛开始之前，到处都有人互相击掌打气。A.marched行进；B.searched搜寻；C.signaled发信号示意；D.gathered聚集。结合上文“preparingforthefirst5Kofthespringseason”赛事准备场景，以及赛事流程常识可知，工作人员会发出信号宣告比赛开启。【27题详解】考查短语。句意：在场的每个人看起来都满心欢喜，事实上满是自豪。A.forfree免费；B.inshort总之；C.forexample例如；D.infact事实上。根据上文“Everyonelookedgladtobethere—proud”众人表面开心的状态，以及下文“Iwonderedwhatarousedsuchenthusiasm”作者好奇众人的热情可知，此处是进一步补充说明众人的真实心情——事实上满是自豪。【28题详解】考查短语。句意：除了追着冰淇淋车跑之外，其余任何跑步的理由从来都吸引不了我。A.morethan多于；B.otherthan除……之外；C.ratherthan而不是；D.lessthan少于。根据下文“Idecidedtostayandwatch”作者原本不爱跑步，却被赛事吸引，以及“donutstookabackseat”甜甜圈不再是首要选择可知，只有追冰淇淋车这种情况除外，其他跑步理由都吸引不了他。【29题详解】考查副词。句意：除了追着冰淇淋车跑之外，其余任何跑步的理由从来都吸引不了我。A.never从未；B.somehow不知为何；C.always总是；D.forever永远。根据下文“Forthefirsttimeinages,somethingattractedmelongenoughthatdonutstookabackseat”作者第一次被跑步相关的事物吸引可知，此前跑步这件事从来无法吸引作者。【30题详解】考查动词。句意：选手们各就各位时，我听到看台上传来阵阵欢呼声。A.charging冲锋；B.cheering欢呼；C.laughing大笑；D.greeting问候。根据下文“Go,Barbara!Yougotthis,Mama!”和“Grandpa,weloveyou!We'resoproudofyou.”看台众人喊话加油的内容可知，现场满是为选手助威的呼喊声。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：我被现场热烈激动的氛围深深打动。A.achievement成就；B.custom习俗；C.excitement激动热烈的氛围；D.company陪伴。根据上文“fromthebleachers”看台的欢呼声，以及“everyonelookedgladtobethere—proud”众人高涨的情绪可知，作者沉浸在赛场这份热烈的氛围之中。【32题详解】考查动词。句意：那个人坚持跑步多久了？A.running跑步；B.functioning运转；C.surrounding包围；D.clapping鼓掌。根据全文围绕“thefirst5Kofthespringseason”跑步赛事展开，以及下文“whendidheorshebecomedevotedtothesport”询问对方何时投身这项运动可知，此处是询问对方坚持跑步的时长。【33题详解】考查副词。句意：那天我最终没有去买甜甜圈，我也说不出确切的缘由。A.typically典型地；B.particularly尤其；C.frankly坦白地；D.exactly确切地。根据上文“Forsomereason,Idecidedtositonthegrassandwatchtheracebegin”作者莫名决定坐下来看比赛，以及下文“Icantellyouthatsomethingtransformativethatraceday”可知，只知晓内心受到触动，却说不清具体原因可知，此处表示无法精准说明没买甜甜圈的缘由。【34题详解】考查动词短语。句意：但我清楚，在比赛那天，有一场改变自我的事情发生了。A.brokeaway脱离；B.tookplace发生；C.wentthrough经历；D.fadedaway逐渐消失。根据下文“NowwhenIstopattheparktousethepublicrestroom,Ialsorunthequarter-miletrack”可知，作者从此开始坚持跑步，心态与生活习惯发生转变。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：我期盼有一天，家人能在看台上看着我这位老奶奶冲过终点线。A.cross穿过；B.ensure确保；C.respect尊重；D.press按压。结合上文“thefirst5Kofthespringseason”跑步赛事场景，以及固定搭配“crossthefinishline”表示“冲过终点线”可知，此处指作者期盼自己能冲过终点。第二节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在括号为46-57的相应位置上。36.Withanotebook,youcaneasilykeeptrack________importantpoints.(用适当的词填空)【答案】of【解析】【详解】句意：带上笔记本，你就能轻松记下重点内容。keeptrackof为固定搭配，意为“记录，追踪”，空处需填介词of。37.Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansmake________(they)dreamtoexplorespacecometrue.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】their【解析】【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：一些科学家决心帮助人类实现他们探索太空的梦想。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词dream，“they”的形容词性物主代词形式为“their”，意为“他们的”。故填their。38.________(surround)bysomanystrangers,theyoungmanfelttoonervoustospeakaword.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Surrounded【解析】【详解】句意：被众多陌生人包围着，这个年轻人紧张得一句话都说不出来。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，theyoungman和surround为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式surrounded，句首字母需大写。39.Parentsare________(legal)responsiblefortheirchildren’ssafety.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】legally【解析】【详解】句意：父母在法律层面上对子女的安全负有责任。空处修饰形容词responsible，需填副词legally，作状语。40.Weshouldattachgreatimportancetotheclimatechange,whichis________universalproblem.(用适当的词填空)【答案】a【解析】【详解】句意：我们应该高度重视气候变化，这是一个普遍性问题。空后为可数名词problem的单数形式，此处表示泛指，空处应填入不定冠词，universal以辅音音素开头，应用a。41.Iofferyoumysincere________(congratulate)onyoursuccess.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】congratulations【解析】【详解】句意：我对你的成功致以真诚的祝贺。空处应填入名词，作offer的直接宾语，congratulate的名词形式为congratulation，此时应用其复数形式congratulations，意为“道贺，恭喜”。42.Wethink________importantthateveryoneshouldbepunctual.(用适当的词填空)【答案】it【解析】【详解】句意：我们认为人人都应该守时，这一点很重要。thinkit+adj.+that...为固定句型，it为形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句是真正的宾语。43.Sheexplainedtherulesclearly,enablingeveryone________(understand).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】tounderstand【解析】【详解】句意：她把规则讲解得很清楚，让所有人都能明白。enablesb.todosth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。44.Thoughhe________(punish)forbeinglateyesterday,hewaslateforschoolagainthismorning.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】waspunished【解析】【详解】句意：尽管他昨天因为迟到受到了惩罚，今天早上他上学又迟到了。主语he与动词punish之间为被动关系，且时间状语yesterday表明动作发生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态waspunished。45.Theirprimaryschoolteachersandtheirlessons________theywerefondofinfluencedtheirlives.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】句意：他们喜欢的小学老师和课程影响了他们的生活。先行词是teachersandtheirlessons，既有人也有事物，在定语从句中作fondof的宾语，只能用关系代词that。第四部分写作（共两节，满分42.5分）第一节句子考查（共10小题；56~61小题，每空0.5分，6