吉林省四所友好学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月份联合考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1吉林省四所友好学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月份联合考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourBeautifulTripsofBikesandTrainsOhioandErieCanalTowpathPath(小径)Thepathisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.TheCuyahogaValley.ScenicRailroad(CVSR)goesalongwiththepathfromAkrontoThornburgStation,a31-miledistancethroughCuyahogaValleyNationalPark.ThepathsurroundstheoutlineofoldOhioandErieCanal.Today,thepathpassesmanylandmarks,bridges,museums,andvillages.DanubeCyclePathTheDanubeCyclePathisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermanytoBudapest,Hungary.ThepathismostpopularinAustriafeaturing245scenicmilesservicedbylocalandlong-distancetrains.Mostcyclistschoosetoridefromwesttoeastwiththeflowoftheriver,totakeadvantageofthenaturalslope(斜坡)ofbicycletraffic(交通).LehighGorgeRailPathThepathrunsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRiver.AhistorictouristrailwaycalledtheLehighGorgeScenicRailwayfollowsthepath,allowingcycliststocreateaone-wayrideratherthanbacktracking.Therailpathismostlyflat(平坦的)andpassesthroughLehighGorgeStatePark.Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.CinderTrackTheCinderTrackisa21-milebrokenstonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England.ThetownsofScarboroughandWhitby,wherethepathbeginsandends,bothhavetrainstationsnearthepath.Thetrainjourneyisnotadirectwaybetweenthetwotowns-infact,thetracksoftheolddirectwaywereremovedtocreatethepath.Thepath,meanwhile,surroundstheYorkshirecoast,providingviewsofseasidebluffs(峭壁),fishingvillages,etc.1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutOhioandErieCanalTowpathPath?A.ItoffersaviewofoldOhioandErieCanal. B.Itoffersachancetoexploresomemountains.C.Itpassesavarietyofsmallcitiesandvillages. D.ItsharesthesamepathwithCVSRalltheway.2.What'sthedisadvantageofLehighGorgeRailPathforcyclinglovers?A.Ithasbrokenstonetracks. B.Ithasmanytoughroads.C.Ithassharpslopesontheway. D.Ithasatimeruleonbikeservice.3.Whichofthefollowingcoversthelongestdistance?A.OhioandErieCanalTowpathPath. B.DanubeCyclePath.C.LehighGorgeRailPath. D.CinderTrack.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍四条适合骑行与乘火车的美景路线，涵盖美、欧多地，各具特色（如古运河、河岸风光等），部分提供火车配套服务，适配不同出行需求。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThepathsurroundstheoutlineofoldOhioandErieCanal.Today,thepathpassesmanylandmarks,bridges,museums,andvillages.(这条小径环绕着古老的俄亥俄-伊利运河的轮廓。如今，这条小径途经许多地标、桥梁、博物馆和村庄。)”可知，俄亥俄-伊利运河纤道能让人看到古老运河的轮廓，即提供了观赏这条古运河的视角。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.(火车大部分时间都运营，但自行车服务仅在5月至11月的每月一个周末提供。)”可知，利哈伊峡谷铁路小径对骑行爱好者的缺点是自行车服务有时间限制。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据各路径的距离描述：OhioandErieCanalTowpathPath：“Thepathisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.(这条步道是一条从克利夫兰延伸至俄亥俄州东北部博利瓦尔的87英里长路径。)”；DanubeCyclePath：“TheDanubeCyclePathisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermanytoBudapest,Hungary.(多瑙河自行车道是一条沿多瑙河延伸的路径，全长约745英里，始于德国的多瑙埃兴根，止于匈牙利的布达佩斯。)”；LehighGorgeRailPath：“Thepathrunsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRiver.(这条步道沿利哈伊河旁的林地延伸25英里。)”；CinderTrack：“TheCinderTrackisa21-milebrokenstonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England.(Cinder步道是一条沿英格兰约克郡海岸延伸的碎石步道，全长21英里。)”对比可知，多瑙河自行车道的距离最长。故选B项。BIgrewupinBandaAceh,thecapitalofNanggroeAcehDarussalam(Aceh)inIndonesia.ThemomentthatchangedmylifewasontheSundaymorningofDecember26,2004.Atthattime,Istilllivedinmyparents’houseatPeurada,aboutthreekilometersfromthesea.Suddenly,apowerfulearthquakeshookus.Withouthesitation,Icaughtmycousin,whileshoutingtomysistertogetoutofthehousequickly.Mymotherwasstillinthegarden.Whentheshakingstoppedforamoment,Iwasabletogettoher.Afteraboutthirtyminutes,theearthquakestopped.Allourneighborsandmyfamilyreturnedtoourhouses.Thenmymothersuddenlyaskedmysisterandmetotakealloftheimportantdocumentsandmovethemintomyroomonthesecondfloor.Myconfusionaboutwhymymotherwantedustodothiswasansweredwithinthirtyminutes.Hundredsofpeoplewererushingbythestreetinfrontofourhouse,shouting“Thewaterisrising!Thewaterisrising!”Igotmymotorcycleandaskedmysistertotakemymotherandcousintosafety.Iranasdirectlyaspossibletotheplacewheremysistertookmymotherandcousin.Wereachedandgatheredinabigshelteronekilometerawayfromtheseawater.Everytimetheearthshook,themorefearpeoplefelt.Noonegotenoughsleepthatnight.Everyonewaslikeacatonhotbricks.Thenextday,inthemorning,Itriedtoconvince(说服)mymothertogotomyoldersister’shouseinBlangBintang.Westayedinmyoldersister’shouseforaboutonemonthandahalf.Gradually,lifegotbackontrack.Althoughthepainofthetsunamiremains,ithasmadeusmoreunited.Wenowcherish(珍惜)everymomentandlookforwardtoabrighterfuturewithhopeanddetermination.4.Whatwastheauthordoingwhentheearthquakeoccurred?A.Hewassleepinginhisroom. B.Hewasplantinginthegarden.C.Hewasstayinginthehouse. D.Hewasridinghismotorcycle.5.Whatdidtheauthor’smomaskhimtodoaftertheearthquake?A.Relocatetheimportantdocuments. B.Gatherhisneighborsathishome.C.Storesomenecessaryfood. D.Lookforabigshelter.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“likeacatonhotbricks”inparagraph3mean?A.Quitelucky. B.Terriblyangry. C.Verythankful. D.Highlynervous.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Thesciencebehindearthquakesandtsunamis B.Myexperienceinthe2004tsunamiC.Asleeplessnightafteratsunami D.Theeffortofcommunity【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者以及家人在2004年印尼海啸中幸运逃生的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Suddenly,apowerfulearthquakeshookus.Withouthesitation,Icaughtmycousin,whileshoutingtomysistertogetoutofthehousequickly.Mymotherwasstillinthegarden.(突然，一场强烈的地震袭击了我们。我毫不犹豫地抓住了我的堂兄，同时大声叫着让我妹妹赶紧离开房子。而我的母亲还在花园里)”可知，地震发生时，作者待在屋内。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thenmymothersuddenlyaskedmysisterandmetotakealloftheimportantdocumentsandmovethemintomyroomonthesecondfloor.(随后，我的母亲突然要求我和姐姐把所有重要的文件都搬到二楼我的房间去)”可知，地震后，妈妈让作者和妹妹把重要文件搬到二楼作者的房间。故选A。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Everytimetheearthshook,themorefearpeoplefelt.Noonegotenoughsleepthatnight(每次大地发生震动，人们就更加感到恐惧。那晚没有人能睡个好觉)”可知，地震发生后人们十分恐惧，那晚人们都彻夜难眠。由此可知，地震让每个人都担惊受怕，故D项“高度紧张”符合语境。likeacatonhotbricks比喻人们像热锅上的蚂蚁，神经高度紧张不安。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“IgrewupinBandaAceh,thecapitalofNanggroeAcehDarussalam(Aceh)inIndonesia.ThemomentthatchangedmylifewasontheSundaymorningofDecember26,2004.(我在印度尼西亚亚齐特别行政区首府班达亚尔长大。改变我一生的时刻发生在2004年12月26日的那个周日清晨)”以及文章讲述了作者在2004年印尼海啸中的经历，包括地震发生时的情况、一家人的逃生过程以及灾后的生活，故B项“我在2004年海啸中的经历”适合作文章的标题。故选B。CForthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconcept(概念)istoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomuptodate.They’redocumentingwhyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn,anddesigningcreativewaysforyoungpeopletotakepartin“teaching”.Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutor(辅导)othersworkhardertounderstandthematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmoreeffectively.Studentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswho’relearningonlybythemselves.Buthowcanchildren,stilllearningthemselves,teachothers?Oneanswer:Theycantutoryoungerkids.Somestudieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenaremoreintelligentthantheirlater-bornsiblings(兄弟姐妹).ThissuggeststheirhigherIQsresultfromthetimetheyspendteachingtheirsiblings.Noweducatorsareexperimentingwithwaystoapplythismodeltoacademicsubjects.Theyarrangecollegestudentstoteachcomputersciencetohighschoolstudents,whointurninstructmiddleschoolstudentsonthetopic.Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe“teachableagent”—acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil.ComputerscientistshavecreatedananimatedfigurecalledBetty’sBrain,whohasbeen“taught”aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschoolstudents.StudentteachersareinspiredtohelpBettymastercertainmaterials.Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganizetheirknowledgeandimprovetheirownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyrecognizeproblemsintheirownthinking.Betty’squestionsandfeedbackpushthemtothinkinnewwaysanddeepentheirknowledge.Mostimportantly,teachingtheagenthasbroughtprideandsatisfaction,provingthatexplainingtoothersisoneofthebestwaystolearn.8.WhyisRomanphilosopherSenecamentioned?A.Toreachaconclusion. B.Todocumentideas.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Tointroducethetopic.9.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Learningismosteffectivewhendonealone.B.Studentsshouldmasterasubjectbeforeteachingit.C.Guidingothershelpspeoplelearnandrememberbetter.D.Youngersiblingstendtobesmarterthankstooldersiblings’help.10.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBetty’sBrain?A.Itisacharacterinapopularanimation.B.Itisaneducationaltoolunderdevelopment.C.Itisacutting-edgeappindigitalgames.D.Itisatutorforcomputersciencestudents.11.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toprovewhyhavingasiblingisanadvantage.B.Tointroducethelatestdevelopmentofteachableagents.C.Toencouragefirst-bornchildrentobetutorsoftheirsiblings.D.Toexplainwhyteachingotherscanbeaneffectivewaytolearn.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文讨论了教授他人是一种有效的学习方式，并介绍了相关研究和实验。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中““Whileweteach,welearn,”saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomuptodate.They’redocumentingwhyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn,anddesigningcreativewaysforyoungpeopletotakepartin“teaching”.(罗马哲学家塞涅卡说过：“当我们教的时候，我们就学会了。”现在，科学家们将这一古老的智慧带到了现代。他们记录了为什么教学是一种富有成效的学习方式，并为年轻人设计了参与“教学”的创造性方式。)”可知，文章开篇引用罗马哲学家塞涅卡“Whileweteach,welearn”的观点，紧接着就指出科学家们正在深入研究教学为何是有效的学习方式，并设计相关方式让年轻人参与教学。由此可见，引用这位哲学家的话是为了引出“教学是一种有效的学习方式”这一核心话题。故选D项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutor(辅导)othersworkhardertounderstandthematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmoreeffectively.Studentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswho’relearningonlybythemselves.Buthowcanchildren,stilllearningthemselves,teachothers?Oneanswer:Theycantutoryoungerkids.Somestudieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenaremoreintelligentthantheirlater-bornsiblings(兄弟姐妹).ThissuggeststheirhigherIQsresultfromthetimetheyspendteachingtheirsiblings.Noweducatorsareexperimentingwithwaystoapplythismodeltoacademicsubjects.(研究人员发现，报名辅导别人的学生更努力地理解材料，更准确地回忆，更有效地应用。学生教师在考试中比自学的学生得分更高。但是，孩子们自己还在学习，怎么能教别人呢？一个答案是：他们可以辅导年幼的孩子。一些研究发现，头胎孩子比后出生的兄弟姐妹更聪明。这表明他们的高智商来自于他们花在教育兄弟姐妹上的时间。现在，教育工作者正在尝试将这种模式应用于学术科目。)”可知，第二段首句就表明研究发现辅导他人的学生能更努力理解知识、更准确记忆并更高效运用知识，且这类学生考试分数更高。后文提到长子长女智商可能因教导弟妹而更高，以及教育工作者开展的学生分层教学实验，都是对“指导他人有助于自身更好学习和记忆知识”这一观点的佐证。故选C项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe“teachableagent”—acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil.ComputerscientistshavecreatedananimatedfigurecalledBetty’sBrain,whohasbeen“taught”aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschoolstudents.StudentteachersareinspiredtohelpBettymastercertainmaterials.Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganizetheirknowledgeandimprovetheirownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyrecognizeproblemsintheirownthinking.(但正在开发的最尖端工具是“可教代理”——一个像现实世界的学生一样学习、尝试、犯错误和提问的计算机角色。计算机科学家创造了一个名为“贝蒂的大脑”的动画人物，数百名中学生向她“教授”了环境科学知识。学生教师受到启发，帮助贝蒂掌握某些材料。在准备教学时，他们组织知识，提高自己的理解。当他们向它解释信息时，他们发现了自己思维中的问题。)”可知，原文提到最前沿的开发工具是“可教代理”，而贝蒂的大脑是计算机科学家创造的动画形象，中学生可向它传授环境科学知识，学生在教它的过程中能梳理知识、深化理解。结合原文及补充信息可知，它是用于助力学生学习的一款正在开发中的教育工具。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconcept(概念)istoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomuptodate.They’redocumentingwhyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn,anddesigningcreativewaysforyoungpeopletotakepartin“teaching”.(几千年来，人们都知道理解一个概念的最好方法是向别人解释。罗马哲学家塞涅卡说过：“当我们教的时候，我们就学会了。”现在，科学家们将这一古老的智慧带到了现代。他们记录了为什么教学是一种富有成效的学习方式，并为年轻人设计了参与“教学”的创造性方式。)”和全文内容可知，文章开篇就引出教学是有效学习方式的话题，随后通过研究结果表明辅导他人的学生学习效果更好，还列举了学生辅导低年级同学、“贝蒂的大脑”这类可教代理等例子，从不同角度论证教学他人为何能成为一种高效的学习方式。故选D项。DAlthoughSouthAfricansareknownfortheirfriendlinessandwarmth,ouraccent(口音)isnotwell-received,withanewstudyshowingouraccentistheworld’s12thfriendliest.Accordingtothestudy,only1inevery100participants(参与者)consideredtheSouthAfricanaccentasthemostfriendly-sounding—abigdropsince2019whenitwasconsideredthesecondmostbeautifulaccentworldwide,whichwasanastonishingresultforme.ThestudyfoundAmericanshadthefriendliestEnglishaccentintheworldwithoneinfiveseeingtheAmericanaccentasthefriendliest.ThoughtheCanadianaccentisthemostcloselyrelatedtogeneralAmericanEnglish,withsimilarrulesforpronunciationandaccent,onlyonein12selecteditasthefriendliestaccent.TheBritishaccentisconsideredthesecondmostfriendlyaccent,withoneinsevenselectingitasthefriendliest.TheAustralianaccentcameinthirdplace,withalmostonein10consideringittobefriendly.AlthoughtheNewZealandaccentissimilartotheAustralianaccent,NewZealanderscame15thwithjust1in100choosingtheKiwiaccentasthefriendliest.Inunderstandingwhysomeaccentsareviewedasmorefriendlythanothers,DrChristopherStrelluffromtheUniversityofWarwicksaidattitudestowardslanguagevarieties(变体)usuallyshowtheideas“wehaveaboutpeoplewhospeakthosevarieties”.“IfpeoplearoundtheworldthinkAmericanEnglishsoundsfriendly,it’sgoodnewsforAmericansbecauseitmeanspeoplethinkofAmericansasfriendlypeople.”“ThemeaningsofEnglishworldwidearealsochangingrapidlyacrossmanydimensions(维度).Forexample,whileBritishEnglishhashistoricallyprovidedaninternationalmodelfor‘correct’English,peoplewholiveincountrieswhereEnglishisbeinglearnedforgettingintotheglobal(全球的)marketplaceincreasinglypreferAmericanEnglishastheirstandard,”saidStrelluf.“Inthisstudy,theattitudestowardsEnglishshowthebasicwayswecontinuetofindourwaythroughsocialrelationshipsusinglanguageandourthoughtsaboutlanguage.”12.Howdoestheauthorprobablyfeelaboutthestudy?A.Excited. B.Doubtful. C.Surprised. D.Satisfied13.Whichofthefouraccentsisleastfriendlyaccordingtothestudy?A.TheAmericanaccent. B.TheCanadianaccent.C.TheAustralianaccent. D.TheBritishaccent.14.WhatmaythestudyleadpeopletothinkaccordingtoStrelluf?A.Americansareniceandwarm. B.Americansareusuallytalkative.C.Americanslikelanguagetobevaried. D.Americansliketoexploretheworld.15.WhydoesStrellufmentionpeople’spreferredEnglishinparagraph4?A.Toshowthedevelopmentoftheglobalmarketplace.B.Toexplaintheimportanceoflearning“correctEnglish”.C.TodrawattentiontothechangingfaceofglobalEnglish.D.TocomparethedifferenceofEnglishintheUKandtheUS.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于不同英语口音友好程度的研究，并探讨了人们对不同口音的态度及其背后的原因。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Accordingtothestudy,only1inevery100participants(参与者)consideredtheSouthAfricanaccentasthemostfriendly-sounding—abigdropsince2019whenitwasconsideredthesecondmostbeautifulaccentworldwide,whichwasanastonishingresultforme.(根据这项研究，每100名参与者中只有1人认为南非口音听起来最友好——自2019年以来大幅下降，当时南非口音被认为是世界上第二美丽的口音，这对我来说是一个惊人的结果)”可知，作者对这项研究的结果感到惊讶。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThestudyfoundAmericanshadthefriendliestEnglishaccentintheworldwithoneinfiveseeingtheAmericanaccentasthefriendliest.ThoughtheCanadianaccentisthemostcloselyrelatedtogeneralAmericanEnglish,withsimilarrulesforpronunciationandaccent,onlyonein12selecteditasthefriendliestaccent.TheBritishaccentisconsideredthesecondmostfriendlyaccent,withoneinsevenselectingitasthefriendliest.TheAustralianaccentcameinthirdplace,withalmostonein10consideringittobefriendly.(研究发现，美国人的英语口音是世界上最友好的，每五个人中就有一个认为美国口音最友好。尽管加拿大口音与通用美式英语最为接近，发音和口音规则相似，但只有十二分之一的人选择它作为最友好的口音。英国口音被认为是第二友好的口音，每七个人中就有一个选择它作为最友好的口音。澳大利亚口音排在第三位，几乎每十个人中就有一个认为它很友好)”可知，美国口音、英国口音和澳大利亚口音都被认为比较友好，而加拿大口音被认为最不友好。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““IfpeoplearoundtheworldthinkAmericanEnglishsoundsfriendly,it’sgoodnewsforAmericansbecauseitmeanspeoplethinkofAmericansasfriendlypeople.”(“如果全世界的人都认为美式英语听起来很友好，这对美国人来说是个好消息，因为这意味着人们认为美国人是友好的人。”)”可知，根据斯特雷卢夫的说法，这项研究可能会让人们认为美国人很友好。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““ThemeaningsofEnglishworldwidearealsochangingrapidlyacrossmanydimensions(维度).Forexample,whileBritishEnglishhashistoricallyprovidedaninternationalmodelfor“correct”English,peoplewholiveincountrieswhereEnglishisbeinglearnedforgettingintotheglobal(全球的)marketplaceincreasinglypreferAmericanEnglishastheirstandard,”saidStrelluf.(斯特雷卢夫说：“世界各地的英语含义也在许多维度上迅速变化。例如，虽然英式英语历来为“正确”英语提供了国际模式，但生活在以学习英语进入全球市场的国家的人们越来越倾向于以美式英语为标准。”)”可知，斯特雷卢夫提到人们偏爱的英语是为了引起人们对全球英语不断变化的关注。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforourhealth.Butsomekindsofexercisemaybebetterthanothers.Running,forexample,mayhelptoprotectagainsttheheartdiseaseandotherhealthproblems.Runningisgoodexercise,butitcanbehardonthebody.____16____Takeiteasy.Donotruntoomuchortoofast.Mostpeoplegetrunninginjurieswhentheypushthemselvestoohard.Thebodyneedstimetogetusedtotheincreasesindistanceorspeed.____17____Listentoyourbody.Mostrunninginjuriesdonotcomeunexpectedly(出乎意料地).____18____Theymayincludebodyaches,soremuscles(肌肉)andpainthatdoesnotgoaway.____19____Therearenobestshoesforeveryrunner.Youshouldfindtheshoesthatofferthebestfitandsupporttoyourfeet.Moreimportantly,youshouldreplaceyourshoesevery500to800kilometers.Takegoodnotes.Spendsometimeaftereachrunwritingdownwhatyoudidandhowyoufelt.Lookforthingsthathappenoverandoveragain.Thesenoteswillhelpyoufindthebestexerciseforyou.Crosstraining.Aswesaidearlier,runningishardonyourbody.Sophysicalfitnessexpertssuggestsomeformsofcross-­trainingtoimprovemusclebalanceandtohelpyouavoidinjuries.Theysay,besidesrunning,swimming,yogaandridingabicyclearegoodexercise.____20____A.Getgoodrunningshoes.B.Usually,therearewarningsigns.C.Theyareeasieronthebody.D.Runningmayalsohelpyoulivelonger.E.Musclesandjoints(关节)needtimetorecover.F.Herearefivewaystoreducetheriskofinjuries.G.AsNike’srunningshoeadsays,“Justdoit.”【答案】16.F17.E18.B19.A20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。跑步是一种很好的锻炼，但是对身体要求高。短文就降低跑步受伤风险提出了五点建议。【16题详析】由上文“Runningisgoodexercise,butitcanbehardonthebody.(跑步是很好的锻炼，但对身体可能有伤害。)”及下文“Takeiteasy.(放轻松。)”列举的减少受伤风险的方法可知，本空应强调本文有减少受伤风险的方法。F选项“Herearefivewaystoreducetheriskofinjuries.(这里有五种减少受伤风险的方法。)”起到了承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选F。【17题详析】由上文“Donotruntoomuchortoofast.Mostpeoplegetrunninginjurieswhentheypushthemselvestoohard.Thebodyneedstimetogetusedtotheincreasesindistanceorspeed.(不要跑得太多或太快。大多数人在用力过猛时会受伤。身体需要时间来适应距离或速度的增加。)”可知，此处应进一步说明身体需要时间恢复。E选项“Musclesandjoints(关节)needtimetorecover.(肌肉和关节需要时间恢复。)”对上文的进一步解释，说明为什么身体需要时间适应，符合题意。故选E。【18题详析】由上文“Mostrunninginjuriesdonotcomeunexpectedly(出乎意料地).(大多数跑步受伤并不是出乎意料的。)”可知，本空应说明跑步受伤前通常会有一些迹象。B选项“Usually,therearewarningsigns.(通常，会有一些警告信号。)”承接上文，说明受伤前会有警告信号，符合题意。故选B。【19题详析】由下文“Therearenobestshoesforeveryrunner.Youshouldfindtheshoesthatofferthebestfitandsupporttoyourfeet.Moreimportantly,youshouldreplaceyourshoesevery500to800kilometers.(没有适合每个跑步者的最佳鞋子。你应该找到最适合你的脚并提供最佳支撑的鞋子。更重要的是，你应该每500到800公里更换一次鞋子。)”可知，本段主要讲述选择合适的跑鞋的重要性。A选项“Getgoodrunningshoes.(买一双好的跑鞋。)”直接点明了本段的主题，即选择合适的跑鞋，符合题意。故选A。【20题详析】由上文“Theysay,besidesrunning,swimming,yogaandridingabicyclearegoodexercise.(他们说，除了跑步，游泳、瑜伽和骑自行车都是很好的锻炼。)”可知，此处应说明这些运动的好处。C选项“Theyareeasieronthebody.(它们对身体的负担更小。)”符合语境，解释了这些运动适合作为交叉训练的原因。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Formuchofmychildhood,mymotherfilledtheeveninghoursdoingsomethingforsomeoneelse.Sometimessheknitted(编织)hatsforbabies,andatothertimesshecookedchickensoupforsickneighbors.Therefore,Iwasn’t___21___whenoneeveningmymotherannouncedshe’dstartanewproject.“I’mgoingtotelephoneneighboring___22___everynight,”saidmymother.“Everynight?Butyoudon’teven___23___thesepeople.”“Doesn’tmatter,”shesaid.“What’simportantisthatIwanttolisten.”Iwassixteenyearsoldandcouldn’tfigureoutwhymymotherwaswillingtospendhereveningstalkingtostrangers.Shehadfriendsandmytwoeldersisterstocall___24___shefeltlonely.My___25___didn’taffectmymother’sproject.Thateveningaftersupper,shesettledonthesofawiththephoneandbeganmakingphonecalls.Forawhile,Ilistened___26___sheaskedtheladyonthephoneaboutherday,whatshehadeatenfordinner,andaskedifshehad___27___thatthebeautifulroseshadcomeoutinaneighboringpark.Whenshefinishedthecall,Isaid,“Whydoyou___28___whethershehadcookieorcreampiefordessert?”Mymotherreplied,“I’mthe___29___personshetalkedtotoday.”Ittookmenearlythirtyyearstounderstandthe____30____ofwhatshewasdoing.Now,asmymotherisnearingsixty,Ifindmyselfthinkingaboutthosenightlycallssheusedtomake.Iamoftentheonlypersonwhotelephonesmymother,andsometimesI’mtheonlypersonshespeakstoallday.Iaskherwhatshecookedfordinner,butmostlyIjust____31____asshedescribesawalkshetook,orhowherdogLuckystoleapieceofcheesefromthekitchen.I____32____thatmymother’scallswerelifelines(生命之线)thatkeptlonelyseniorsconnectedtotheworld.Somehow,shemanagedtoworkfull-timeand____33____afamilywhileimprovingthelivesofothers.Thatkindof____34____needscommitment(奉献,投入)andorganizationalskillsthatIdonothave.Whileshefreedseveralseniorsfrom____35____,Istruggletocalljustone—mymother.21.A.interested B.satisfied C.surprised D.excited22.A.teenagers B.children C.adults D.seniors23.A.know B.meet C.pass D.find24.A.because B.if C.though D.until25.A.praise B.advice C.answer D.doubt26.A.as B.after C.since D.unless27.A.decided B.felt C.noticed D.imagined28.A.hate B.love C.mean D.care29.A.only B.next C.first D.last30.A.difficulty B.importance C.possibility D.difference31.A.think B.listen C.talk D.write32.A.recognize B.explain C.express D.realize33.A.protect B.start C.affect D.support34.A.experience B.service C.promise D.tradition35.A.hopelessness B.illness C.loneliness D.helplessness【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.B32.D33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的妈妈在辛苦养家的同时，帮助社区的孤独老人，与他们聊天，谈心，改善别人的生活。作者一开始不理解，直到后来才明白母亲的行为的重要性。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，一天晚上，当我母亲宣布她要开始一个新项目时，我并不感到惊讶。A.interested感兴趣的；B.satisfied满足的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.excited兴奋的。根据前文“mymotherfilledtheeveninghoursdoingsomethingforsomeoneelse.”可知，妈妈经常帮助别人，所以，当她说要开始新的项目时，作者不惊讶。故选C项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我打算每天晚上给邻近的老年人打电话，”母亲说。A.teenagers青少年；B.children孩子们；C.adults成年人；D.seniors老年人。根据下文“Whileshefreedseveralseniorsfrom______”可知，妈妈表示她要给邻近的老年人打电话。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“每天晚上吗？但你根本不认识这些人。”A.know知道，认识；B.meet遇见；C.pass通过；D.find找到。根据下文“Iwassixteenyearsoldandcouldn’tfigureoutwhymymotherwaswillingtospendhereveningstalkingtostrangers”可知，妈妈不认识邻近的这些老人。故选A项。【24题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果她感到孤独，她可以给朋友和我的两个姐姐打电话。A.because因为；B.if如果；C.though尽管；D.until直到。根据空前“Shehadfriendsandmytwoeldersisterstocall”及空后“shefeltlonely.”可知，如果妈妈感到孤独，她可以给朋友和家人打电话，此处引导条件状语从句，用if。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的怀疑并没有影响到我母亲的项目。A.praise赞扬；B.advice建议；C.answer回答；D.doubt怀疑。根据上文““Everynight?Butyoudon’teven______thesepeople.””及“Iwassixteenyearsoldandcouldn’tfigureoutwhy”可知，作者对于妈妈的行为充满怀疑，但这种怀疑没有影响她。故选D项。【26题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我听了一会儿，当她在电话里问那位女士她这一天过得怎么样，晚餐吃了什么，并问她是否注意到附近公园里美丽的玫瑰盛开了。A.as当……时；B.after在……之后；C.since自从，既然；D.unless除非。根据前文“Forawhile,Ilistened”可知，作者是在妈妈打电话时聆听。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.decided决定；B.felt感觉；C.noticed注意到；D.imagined想象。根据后文“thatthebeautifulroseshadcomeoutinaneighboringpark”可知，妈妈询问电话里的女士，是否注意到玫瑰盛开。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她打完电话后，我说：“你为什么关心她的甜点是饼干还是奶油派？”A.hate讨厌；B.love爱；C.mean意味着；D.care关心，在意。根据后文“whethershehadcookieorcreampiefordessert?”及上文妈妈关心女士的话题可知，这些都是妈妈关心的内容，作者不解。故选D项。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈回答说：“我是她今天唯一和我说话的人。”A.only仅仅，只有；B.next随后；C.first首先；D.last最后。根据下文“Ittookmenearlythirtyyearstounderstandthe______ofwhatshewasdoing.”及“Iamoftentheonlypersonwhotelephonesmymother,andsometimesI’mtheonlypersonshespeakstoallday.”可知，作者现在长大了，从自己的经历中，知道了妈妈那时候打电话的用意，在那些收到电话的人的生活中，妈妈是唯一一个和他们说话的人。故选A项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了将近30年的时间才明白她所做的事情的重要性。A.difficulty困难；B.importance重要性；C.possibility可能性；D.difference不同。根据前文“Ittookmenearlythirtyyearstounderstand”及下文“I______thatmymother’scallswerelifelines(生命之线)thatkeptlonelyseniorsconnectedtotheworld.”可知，作者明白了妈妈做的事情的重要性。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问她晚餐做了什么，但大部分时间我只是听她描述她的散步，或者她的狗Lucky如何从厨房偷了一块奶酪。A.think想，认为；B.listen听；C.talk交谈；D.write书写。根据后文“asshedescribesawalkshetook,orhowherdogLuckystoleapieceofcheesefromthekitchen.”可知，当妈妈在描述时，作者只是听着。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到母亲的电话是让孤独的老人与世界保持联系的生命线。A.recognize认出，认可；B.explain解释；C.express表达