云南省文山壮族苗族自治州砚山县某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省文山壮族苗族自治州砚山县某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANowadaysrobotsaretakingtheworldofsportsbystorm,fromthesix-leggedskiertothepingpongaceandtheexpertcurler(冰壶手).Four-leggedrobotgoalkeeperMiniCheetah,afour-leggedrobot,wastrainedupbyscientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley’sHybridRoboticsLab.Therobotcanhandlearangeofthrownandkickedshotsfromhumans.Itcansquat,jump,sidestepanddivetostopshots.Itcansave87%ofshotstakenongoal,comparedtotheaverageforhumankeepersofaround69%.Google’sping-pongarmGoogle’sping-pongrobotarmrecentlycompletedanepic340-shotrally(对打)withahuman.Thearmplays“cooperatively”togetagoodrallygoing,butaccordingtoGoogle,itsskillscouldbebuiltuptomatchthelevelofaserioushumancompetitor.Researcherswantedtotrainitupinasimulationsoitcouldplaywithhumansintherealworld.China’sbadmintonbotInChina,researchershavecreatedarobotcalledtheRobomintonerthatcanplaybadmintonagainsthumancompetitors.Themachinelooksabitlikealawnmower,butitfirmlygripsitsbadmintonracketjustlikeanyhumanplayerwould.Italsogetssufficientpowerintotheshuttlecockusingaswiftflickingmotion,andzipsaroundthecourtonfourwheels.ExpertskierAlsoinChina,expertsfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitycreatedaskiingrobotthatcancontrolitsowndescentdownasnowyslope.Themachinestandswithtwolegsoneachskiandgripsskipoleswithitsmiddlelegs,whichitcanmanoeuvre(操纵)tocontroldirection.Therobotcanstayupright,turnandavoidcrashingtopeople.Itisalsocapableofskiingatmorethan30feetpersecondacrossa1,300-footcourseonan18-degreeslope.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueabout“thefour-leggedrobotgoalkeeper”?A.Itcanjumpanddivetoavoidshots.B.ItwastrainedupbyexpertsfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.C.Researcherswantedtotrainitupsothatitcouldplaywithhumansintherealworld.D.Itcanactasagoalkeeperanddealwithshotsfromhumans.2.WhatdoGoogle’sping-pongrobotarmandRobomintonerhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothaboutrobotsonfourwheels.B.Theycanplayagainsthumancompetitors.C.TheyarecreatedbyChineseresearchers.D.Theylookabitlikealawnmower.3.Whichcanbeseentodisplayatasnowyslope?A.Four-leggedrobotgoalkeeper. B.Google’sping-pongarm.C.Expertskier. D.China’sbadmintonbot.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍多款进军体育界的机器人，包括四足守门机器人、乒乓球机器人等，展现它们的独特功能与运动能力。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Four-leggedrobotgoalkeeper部分中的“Therobotcanhandlearangeofthrownandkickedshotsfromhumans.Itcansquat,jump,sidestepanddivetostopshots.(这款机器人能够应对人类射出的各种投掷球和踢球。它可以下蹲、跳跃、横移以及俯冲来扑球)”可知，这款四足机器人可以充当守门员，应对人类的射门。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Google’sping-pongarm部分中的“Google’sping-pongrobotarmrecentlycompletedanepic340-shotrallywithahuman.(谷歌的乒乓球机器人手臂最近与人类完成了一场史诗般的340回合对打)”以及China’sbadmintonbot部分中的“InChina,researchershavecreatedarobotcalledtheRobomintonerthatcanplaybadmintonagainsthumancompetitors.(在中国，研究人员研发出了一款名为羽毛球机器人的设备，它可以和人类选手对战羽毛球)”可知，谷歌的乒乓球机器人手臂和中国的羽毛球机器人的共同点是都能和人类选手比赛。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Expertskier部分中的“AlsoinChina,expertsfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitycreatedaskiingrobotthatcancontrolitsowndescentdownasnowyslope.(同样在中国，上海交通大学的专家研发出一款滑雪机器人，它能够自主控制在雪坡上的下滑动作)”可知，能够在雪坡上展示运动能力的是这款滑雪机器人。故选C项。BEversinceIwasaboy,Ihavebeenapennypickerupper.Iwouldfindthemonsidewalks,onplaygrounds,andeveninswimmingpools.Backthenapennywasstillworthapenny.Ifyoumanagedtofindtwo,thenyoucouldbuyabigpieceofbubblegumandonceyouhadcollectedahandful,youcouldgetasmallbagofchips.Eachpennybackthenwasalittletreasure.ItwasonlylaterthatIheardthesayingthatpenniesarealsoblessingandthatyouarewatchedoverfromabove.Ineverthoughtmuchaboutthisgrowingup,though,untilthewinterofmy25thyear.ThatwastheyearthatmyMomdiedfromcanceratonly55yearsold.Afterwatchingherbreatheherlast,mysorrowweighedonmelikeastone.Thedarknessofthedaysmatchedthedarknessinmyheart.HowIlongedforjustonemorehug,onemore“Iloveyou”frommyMom.ItwasthenonthecoldestdayoftheyearthatIstoppedatagasstationtofillmycar’stank.Asthewindcutthroughme,Iloweredmyeyesandsawitontopofsomedirtysnow:ABright,Shiny,NewPenny.Irememberedtheoldsaying.Ismiled,bentdown,andpickeditup.Suddenly,Ifeltawaveofloveentermyheart.Warmthsurroundedme.Myeyesfilledwithtears.IknewthenthatMomwasjoyfullywatchingovermewithallofherlove.Sincethatday30yearsago,Ihavefoundatleastathousandpennies.Theycometomeeverywhereandatalltimes.Sometimestheyliftmyspiritsonadownday.SometimestheyencouragemethatIamontherightpath.ButabovealltheyalwaysremindmethatIamloved.4.Whydoestheauthorsay“Backthenapennywasstillworthapenny.”?A.Itcouldbeeasilyfound. B.Itcouldbuythingsheloved.C.Itremindslovefromhismom. D.Itcouldbestoredforlateruse.5.Whathappenedtotheauthorafterhismotherdied?A.Heneededmorefinancialsupport. B.Hewasrelievedhegotmuchlove.C.Hewantedtogetcomfortfrommom. D.Helivedanindependentlifeofhisown.6.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthorwhenhefoundthepennyonsnow?A.Shocked. B.Ignorant. C.Concerned. D.Grateful.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Apennybecomesareminder. B.Theauthorbecomeswealthy.C.Collectingpenniesisahobby. D.Apennyisn’tasvaluableasbefore.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢收集便士，他认为便士是逝去亲人的爱的传递。在作者的母亲去世后，正是一-枚小小的便士让他再次感觉到母亲般的温暖。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ifyoumanagedtofindtwo,thenyoucouldbuyabigpieceofbubblegumandonceyouhadcollectedahandful,youcouldgetasmallbagofchips.Eachpennybackthenwasalittletreasure.(如果你能找到两个，你就可以买一大块泡泡糖，一旦你找到一把，你就可以买一小袋薯片。那时候的每一分钱都是珍宝。)”可知作者说“那时候一分钱还是值钱的。”是因为那个时候一分钱可以买到自己喜欢的东西。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thedarknessofthedaysmatchedthedarknessinmyheart.HowIlongedforjustonemorehug,onemore“Iloveyou”frommyMom.(日子的黑暗和我内心的沮丧相伴而生。我多么渴望妈妈再给我一个拥抱，再给我一句“我爱你”。)”可知作者在母亲去世后，悲伤而又沮丧，他渴望得到母亲的安慰。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Irememberedtheoldsaying.Ismiled,bentdown,andpickeditup.Suddenly,Ifeltawaveofloveentermyheart.Warmthsurroundedme.Myeyesfilledwithtears.IknewthenthatMomwasjoyfullywatchingovermewithallofherlove.(我想起了那句老话。我笑了，弯下腰，把它捡了起来。突然，我感到一股爱的浪潮涌进我的心。温暖包围了我。我的眼里充满了泪水。我知道妈妈正在快乐地用她全部的爱看着我。)”可知作者看到了地上的便士，觉得这是妈妈爱的传递，由此可知当作者看到雪地上的便士时，作者会抱有感激之情。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“ButabovealltheyalwaysremindmethatIamloved.(但最重要的是，它们总是提醒我，我是被爱着的。)”可以推知对于作者来说，便士成了一种提醒，提醒作者是被爱着的。故选A。CBasedonboneandtoothrecords,mammoths（猛犸象）werethoughttohavegoneextinctabout12,000yearsago.Butanewgeneticsamplingtechniquesuggeststhegreatbeastsmayhavestuckaroundalotlonger.Thestoryisinthesoil.Bonesarerichsourcesofprehistoricgeneticinformation,butnottheonlyones;itemsrangingfromshedIceAgeskincellstopineneedlescancontributetothegeneticrecordstoredindirt.Paleogeneticists（古遗传学家）havebeenanalyzing"environmentalDNA"fromsoilforalongtime,butgettingridofnon-DNAmaterialwithoutdestroyingthesefragilecluesisdaunting（使人气馁的）."EnvironmentalsamplescontainahugerangeofotherchemicalsubstancesthatarehardtoseparatefromtheDNA,"saysMcMasterUniversitygeneticistTylerMurchie."Wecan'taffordtolosewhateverwecanget."Inthenewapproach,soilsamplesaregotandthenbrokenintosmallerportions,stirredandrunthrougha"coldspinmethod"toseparateasmuchDNAaspossible.TheDNAisthencomparedagainstanexistinggeneticlibrarytodetectspeciesmatches.ThemethodislimitedbecauseresearchersusingitneedtoknowwhatDNAtolookfor.Ifasaber-toothedcatspeciesisnotalreadyinthegeneticlibrary,theanalysiscannotdetectthatanimal.Forknownspecies,however,theprocessmayyieldexcitinginformation.Intheirstudy,theresearchersdetectedabout2,100kindsofplantsand180animals.Notyetpublishedresultsfromotherfieldsitesareyieldingsimilarresults,Murchiesays,andfuturefossildiscoveriescouldstrengthenthecase."Wecanusethisapproachtoidentifyspeciesinplacesandtimesweneverknewtheyexisted,"headds.8.Whydoestheauthormention"mammoths"inParagraph1?A.Topresentafact. B.Toshowusanextinctanimal.C.Tocorrectamistake. D.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.9.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheworkofgettingridofnon-DNAmaterial?A.Challenging. B.Interesting.C.Boring. D.Satisfying.10.Whatisthedisadvantageofthenewmethod?A.Itisveryslow.B.Itcan'tdetectunknownanimals.C.Itisnotveryaccurate.D.Itcanonlybecarriedoutinthegeneticlibrary.11.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Ashortstory.C.Abookreview. D.Aresearchreport.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们通过研究泥土中动植物的DNA信息从而对它们获得更多的了解。【8题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Butanewgeneticsamplingtechniquesuggeststhegreatbeastsmayhavestuckaroundalotlonger.Thestoryisinthesoil.”（但一项新的基因取样技术表明，这种巨兽可能存在的时间更长。故事在土壤里。）以及第二段的“Paleogeneticists（古遗传学家）havebeenanalyzing"environmentalDNA"fromsoilforalongtime,butgettingridofnon-DNAmaterialwithoutdestroyingthesefragilecluesisdaunting（使人气馁的）.(古遗传学家长期以来一直在从土壤中分析“环境DNA”，但在不破坏这些脆弱线索的情况下去除非DNA物质是令人气馁的)”可知作者谈及猛犸象是为了引出文章的主题，科学家对DNA的研究。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。由文章二段“…gettingridofnon-DNAmaterialwithoutdestroyingthesefragilecluesisdaunting”（在不破坏这些脆弱线索的情况下去除非DNA物质是令人气馁的。）和第三段“EnvironmentalsamplescontainahugerangeofotherchemicalsubstancesthatarehardtoseparatefromtheDNA…”（环境样本中含有大量其他化学物质，很难从DNA中分离出来）可知，从泥土中提取出有用的DNA信息是很困难，是很有挑战性的一项工作。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。由文章第五段“ThemethodislimitedbecauseresearchersusingitneedtoknowwhatDNAtolookfor.Ifasaber-toothedcatspeciesisnotalreadyinthegeneticlibrary,theanalysiscannotdetectthatanimal.”（这种方法是有限的，因为使用它的研究人员需要知道要寻找什么DNA。例如，如果一种剑齿虎物种还没有出现在基因库中，分析就无法检测到这种动物。）可知，这个新方法的局限是：只能检测到已知物种，不能检测到未知物种。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Bonesarerichsourcesofprehistoricgeneticinformation,butnottheonlyones;itemsrangingfromshedIceAgeskincellstopineneedlescancontributetothegeneticrecordstoredindirt.(骨骼是史前遗传信息的丰富来源，但不是唯一的来源；从脱落的冰河时代的皮肤细胞到松针，这些物品都可以促成储存在泥土中的基因记录)”以及下文的介绍可知，本文介绍了科学家们通过研究泥土中动植物的DNA信息从而获得对他们更多的了解。据此可知本文是一篇研究报告。故选D。DWhat’syouropiniononspicyfood?Somepeoplecannothandleeventhesmallestamountofchilipeppersintheirdinnerwhileotherscan’tgetenoughofthem.Scientistshavelongbeenpuzzledbywhysomepeoplelovethechiliwhileothersloatheit.Plentyofresearchhasbeendoneonthesubject,datingasfarbackasthe1970s.Previousresultsshowedthataloveofchiliesisrelatedtochildhoodexperiences,andthatculturalinfluencesaffectourtastetoo.Butthelateststudyhasfoundthataperson’sloveofspicyfoodmaybelinkedtohisorherpersonality(性格)morethananythingelse,CBCNewsreported.“Wehavealwaysassumedthatlikingdrivesintake—weeatwhatwelikeandwelikewhatweeat.Butnoonehasactuallydirectlybotheredtoconnectpersonalitywithintakeofchilipeppers,”saidProfessorJohnE.HayesfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,wholedthestudy.Butbeforeyoulookatthestudy,youshouldfirstknowthat“spicy”isnotataste,unlikesour,sweet,bitterandsaltytaste.Itis,infact,aburningfeelingthatyoufeelonthesurfaceofyourtongue.Thisgotscientiststhinkingthatmaybealoveofspicyfoodisbroughtaboutbypeople’slongingforthrill,somethingtheyusuallygetfromwatchingactionmoviesorridingarollercoaster.Inthestudy,97participants,bothmaleandfemale,wereaskedtofilloutquestionnairesabouttheirpersonality,forexample,whethertheylikenewexperiencesortendtoavoidrisks.Theywerethengivenaglassofwaterwithcapsaicin(辣椒素),theplantchemicalthatmakesachiliburn,mixedintoit.Bycomparingtheanswerstothequestionnaireandwhatparticipantssaidtheyfeltaboutthespicywater,researchersfoundthatthosewhotendedtoenjoyactionmoviesortakeriskswereaboutsixtimesmorelikelytoenjoythespicywater.Interestingly,weusedtobelievethatthereasonwhysomepeoplecanwithstand(耐受)spicyfoodisthattheirtongueshavebecomelesssensitivetoit.However,thislateststudyhasfoundotherwise.“It’snotthatitdoesn’tburnasbadly,butthatyouactuallylearntoliketheburningfeeling,”Hayesexplained.12.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“loathe”inthesecondparagraph?A.Dislike. B.Fear.C.Putupwith. D.Adaptto.13.WhatdidProfessorJohnE.Hayesandhisteamdiscoverfromtheirstudy?A.Whatweeatactuallyhelpstodevelopourpersonality.B.Malesaremorelikelytoenjoyspicyfoodthanfemales.C.Thosetryingtoavoidriskstendtobelessinterestedinspicyfood.D.Peoplearewrongtotreat"spicy"asakindoftasteratherthanafeeling.14.Whydosomepeoplelikespicyfoodaccordingtotherecentstudy?A.Becausetheirtastehasbecomelesssensitive.B.Becausetheylovetheburningfeeling.C.Becausetheywanttochallengethemselves.D.Becausethemoretheytryspicyfood,thelessitburns.15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Whatonelikestoeatmainlydependsonone’spersonality.B.Whetheroneenjoysspicyfooddependslargelyonone’spersonality.C.One’spersonalexperienceshavenothingtodowiththeirtaste.D.Differentpeoplehavedifferenttaste.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究说明人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟一个人的性格有关。【12题详析】考查词义猜测。根据第二段第一句“Scientistshavelongbeenpuzzledbywhysomepeoplelovethechiliwhileothersloatheit”中的while意为“而，然而”，表示对比，故loathe应该与love意思相对。A项Dislike意为“不喜欢”，符合语境。故选A项。【13题详析】考查推理判断。根据第四段中最后一句“Thisgotscientiststhinkingthatmaybealoveofspicyfoodisbroughtaboutbypeople’slongingforthrill,somethingtheyusuallygetfromwatchingactionmoviesorridingrollercoaster”以及倒数第二段中的“thosewhotendedtoenjoyactionmoviesortakeriskswereaboutsixtimesmorelikelytoenjoythespicywater”可知，研究发现那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人可能会更喜欢辣味的食物。故C项正确。【14题详析】考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段第一句“Interestingly,weusedtobelievethatthereasonwhysomepeoplecanwithstand(耐受)spicyfoodisthattheirtongueshavebecomelesssensitivetoit.”可知，人们喜欢吃辣的食物是因为人们喜欢燃烧的感觉。故选B项正确。【15题详析】考查主旨大意。根据第二段最后一句“Butthelateststudyhasfoundthataperson’sloveofspicyfoodmaybelinkedtohisorherpersonality(性格)morethananythingelse,CBCNewsreported.”可知人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟一个人的性格有关。文章对此研究做出了具体说明。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyourememberthosetimeswhenyourmothertoldyoutoavoidtalkingtostrangers?Butnowyou’renotachildanymore.Infact,therearemanyadvantagesoftalkingtostrangers.●Youcanmeetareallygreatperson.Talkingtoastrangerisagoodhabitbecauseyouneverknowwhomyoumaymeet.____16____.Youcanalsomeetsomeonewhowillgiveyouachancetogetyourdreamjob.●____17____.Youhavesomeopinionaboutdifferentsubjectsandyouknowyourfriends’andrelatives’pointsofviewaboutthem,too.Buttherearemillionsofotherpeoplewhothinkdifferentlyandcangiveyouunpredictableyetsmartideasthatwillbroadenyourhorizons.●Youcanimproveyoursocialskills.____18____.Askingappropriatequestionsandattentivelisteningaretwoskillsthatmanyofusdon’thave.Youcanbettertheseskillswhentalkingtoastranger.●Youcancheersomeoneup.Thethingyou’lldefinitelylikeabouttalkingtostrangersisthatyoucanmakesomeone’sdaybetter.____19____.Praisepeopleandtheywillthinksomethingpleasantaboutyou.Havingasweetshortdialogueisoneofthoseperfectchancestomakepeoplecheerful.●Youcanfindthesolutionsyoudidn’tknowabout.Talkingtosomeoneyoudon’tknowisallaboutfindingoutsomethingyoudidn’tknow.Youmayhavesomeproblemsthatyoucan’tsolveforalongtime.However,someoneyousuddenlymeetcanfigureouttherightsolutionyoudidn’teventhinkaboutbefore.____20____.A.Youcanexpandyourworldview.B.Smileandpeoplewillsmileinreturn.C.Whynotspeaktosomeoneuntilyourturncomes?D.Itmaybethehelpyouneededtogetalongtimeago.E.Youshouldn’tmisstheseunexpectedchancesofmeetingpeople.F.Youcanmeetapersonwhowillbecomeyourbestfriendinthefuture.G.Whateversocialskillsyouhave,youcanmakethembetterwhentalkingtostrangers.【答案】16.F17.A18.G19.B20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了与陌生人交谈的一些好处。【16题详析】根据该段标题“Youcanmeetareallygreatperson.”（你会遇到一个很棒的人。）引出话题，提到遇到一个很棒的人。以及下文“Youcanalsomeetsomeonewhowillgiveyouachancetogetyourdreamjob.”（你也可以遇到一个人，他会给你一个机会得到你梦想的工作。）说明遇到的另一个很棒的人。由此可推知，空格处内容为遇到其中之一很棒的人。结合选项F项“Youcanmeetapersonwhowillbecomeyourbestfriendinthefuture.（你会遇到一个人，他将来会成为你最好的朋友。）”符合此推断，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选F项。【17题详析】由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Youhavesomeopinionaboutdifferentsubjectsandyouknowyourfriends’andrelatives’pointsofviewaboutthem,too.Buttherearemillionsofotherpeoplewhothinkdifferentlyandcangiveyouunpredictableyetsmartideasthatwillbroadenyourhorizons.”（你对不同的主题有一些看法，你也知道你的朋友和亲戚对他们的看法。但是还有成千上万的人有不同的想法，他们可以给你意想不到的聪明想法，开阔你的视野。）可知，讲的是与陌生人交谈可能会给你意想不到的观点，开阔你的视野。结合选项A项“Youcanexpandyourworldview.（你可以扩展你的世界观。）”意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。【18题详析】根据本段标题“Youcanimproveyoursocialskills.”（你可以提高你的社交技能。）可知，本段讨论的是“与陌生人交谈对提高社交技能的作用”。结合选项G项“Whateversocialskillsyouhave,youcanmakethembetterwhentalkingtostrangers.（无论你有什么社交技巧，你都可以在与陌生人交谈时让它们变得更好。）”和本段主旨内容一致，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选G项。【19题详析】根据本段标题“Youcancheersomeoneup.”（你可以让别人高兴起来。）引出话题，提到让别人高兴起来。以及下文“Praisepeopleandtheywillthinksomethingpleasantaboutyou.”（赞美别人，他们就会对你有好感。）由此可知，本段谈论的是，与陌生人交谈可以让别人开心。结合选项B项“Smileandpeoplewillsmileinreturn.（微笑，别人也会报以微笑。）”和本段内容主旨一致，起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合语境。故选B项。【20题详析】根据上文“However,someoneyousuddenlymeetcanfigureouttherightsolutionyoudidn’teventhinkaboutbefore.”（然而，你突然遇到的某个人可以想出你以前甚至没有想过的正确解决方案。）讲的是别人提供帮助，给你解决方案。结合选项D项“Itmaybethehelpyouneededtogetalongtimeago.（这可能是你很久以前就需要的帮助。）”承接上文内容，为上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Childhoodshouldbefulloffriends,play,andhappiness.Butwhenchildrenare____21____andwithouttheirpeer(同龄)group,theymay____22____ahelpinghandtogetbackontrack.That’swhyschoolsinIndiaareteaching____23____.Actually,itisimportantto___24___kidstoberesilient(有弹力的).Theyneededa(n)____25____thatcouldteachstudentstoidentifyemotionsandwaystoreleasethem.Thehappinesscoursewas___26___startedbytheIndiangovernmentin2018.It___27___mentalhealth,well-being.Italsoencouraged___28___peerinteractionsforelementaryschoolchildren.Thecourseincludedstorytellingandteamworkactivities.“Thehappinesscourseisa(n)___29___,andschoolsshouldwelcomeit.Theobjectivesincludedevelopingself-awareness,mindfulness(正念减压法),criticalthinking,andhelpingchildren____30____lifeskillstodealwithstress,”saidShikhaBanerjee,theprincipaloftheSethAnandramJaipuriaSchoolinKanpur.“Mindfulness(正念减压法)isthecornerstone(基石)ofthehappinesscourseanditsbiggest_______31_______isthateveryday1.6millionchildreninDelhistarttheirstudiesinschoolwithmindfulness.Ithasbeen____32____asaturningpointinthelivesofstudentsstudyinginDelhischoolsandhasrelieved(缓解)childrenfromstressand_____33_____theirfocusinstudies,”deputychiefministerManishSisodiasaidduringtheMindfulEducationAwards2021program.Theawardisgoodtorecognizetheeffortsofschoolsincreatingamentallyand____34____healthyenvironmentforthedevelopmentof____35____throughteachingmindfulness.21.A.sad B.afraid C.lonely D.angry22.A.need B.offer C.lend D.give23.A.lessons B.happiness C.standard D.subjects24.A.allow B.persuade C.train D.direct25.A.ability B.chance C.guide D.course26.A.gradually B.originally C.finally D.specially27.A.focusedon B.dependedon C.stuckto D.consistedof28.A.classic B.typical C.various D.positive29.A.example B.surprise C.success D.conclusion30.A.apply B.practice C.contain D.adapt31.A.desire B.image C.concern D.beauty32.A.hosted B.regarded C.come D.put33.A.limited B.located C.distracted D.increased34.A.physically B.fortunately C.merely D.actually35.A.women B.children C.adults D.elders【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.D26.B27.A28.C29.C30.A31.A32.B33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了印度学校教授的幸福课程的内容和目标。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当孩子们感到孤独，没有同伴时，他们可能需要帮助才能回到正轨。A.sad悲伤的；B.afraid害怕的；C.lonely孤单的；D.angry生气的。根据“withouttheirpeergroup”可知，孩子们没有同伴会孤独。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.need需要；B.offer提供；C.lend借出；D.give给。根据“Butwhenchildrenare________andwithouttheirpeergroup”及“ahelpinghandtogetbackontrack”可知，当孩子们孤独时，需要别人的帮助。故选A项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么印度的学校在教授幸福。A.lessons课；B.happiness幸福；C.standard标准；D.subjects主题。根据下文“Thehappinesscourse”可知，印度的学校教授幸福。故选B项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，让孩子有复原能力是很重要的。A.allow允许、让；B.persuade说服；C.train训练；D.direct指导。根据“kidstoberesilient”可知，允许孩子们拥有在困境中的复原能力是重要的。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们需要一门可以教学生识别情绪和释放情绪的课程。A.ability能力；B.chance机会；C.guide指南；D.course课程。根据定语从句部分“thatcouldteachstudentstoidentifyemotionsandwaystoreleasethem.”及下文“Thehappinesscourse”可知，这里表示孩子们需要一门可以教学生识别情绪和释放情绪的课程。故选D项。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸福课程最初由印度政府于2018年启动。A.gradually逐渐地；B.originally起初；C.finally最终；D.specially专门地。根据“startedbytheIndiangovernmentin2018”可知，幸福课程最初是2018年由印度政府启动的。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：它关注的是心理健康和幸福。A.focusedon集中于；B.dependedon依靠；C.stuckto坚持；D.consistedof由……组成。根据“It______mentalhealth,well-being.”可知，It指代该课程，表示课程关注心理健康和幸福。故选A项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它还鼓励小学生进行各种同伴互动。A.classic经典的；B.typical典型的；C.various各种各样的；D.positive积极的。根据下文“Thecourseincludedstorytellingandteamworkactivities.”及“peerinteractionsforelementaryschoolchildren”可知，课程鼓励小学生进行各种同伴互动。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“幸福课程很成功，学校应该欢迎它。其目标包括培养自我意识、正念、批判性思维，并帮助孩子们运用生活技能来应对压力，”坎普尔赛斯·阿南德拉姆·斋普里亚学校校长希卡·班纳吉说。A.example例子；B.surprise惊讶；C.success成功；D.conclusion结论。根据“andschoolsshouldwelcomeit”可知，学校应该欢迎幸福课程，因为它是成功的。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.apply申请，应用；B.practice练习；C.contain包含；D.adapt适应，改编。根据“Theobjectives”及“lifeskillstodealwithstress”可知，课程的目标其中一项是为了帮助孩子运用处理压力的生活技能。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“正念是幸福课程的基石，它最大的愿望是每天德里有160万儿童以正念开始他们的学习。这被认为是德里学校学生生活的转折点，减轻了孩子们的压力，提高了他们在学习上的注意力，”副首席部长曼尼什·西索迪亚在2021年正念教育奖活动上说。A.desire愿望；B.image图像；C.concern担忧；D.beauty美丽。根据“thateveryday1.6millionchildreninDelhistarttheirstudiesinschoolwithmindfulness.”可知，每天德里有160万儿童以正念开始它们的学习是幸福课程的愿望。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hosted主办；B.regarded看待；C.come来；D.put放。根据“asaturningpointinthelivesofstudents”可知，此处表示“被视作”，用beregardedas。故选B项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.limited限制；B.located坐落；C.distracted使分心；D.increased增加。根据“hasrelievedchildrenfromstress”及“theirfocusinstudies”可知，这项课程缓解孩子们的压力，增加他们对于学习的专注。故选D项。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个奖项很好地肯定了学校通过教授正念，为儿童的发展创造一个身心健康的环境所做的努力。A.physically身体上；B.fortunately幸运地；C.merely仅仅；D.actually事实上。根据“mentallyand______healthyenvironment”可知，空处与mentally并列，表示“身体上地”，用physically。故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.women女人；B.children孩子们；C.adults成年人；D.elders长辈。根据上文“Theobjectivesincludedevelopingself-awareness,mindfulness,criticalthinking,andhelpingchildren______lifeskillstodealwithstress”描述课程的目标可知，这项课程关注的是孩子们的发展。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aseveryoneknows,itisJingdezheninJiangxiprovincewherethelocalporcelainishighlydesirablethatisthecenterofworldporcelain.Lastyear,myschoolheldatwo-dayresearchactivity,____36____(guide)bytheslogan,“Exploringceramic(陶瓷的)culture,travelingthroughancientandmoderntimes”.Theaimwastobuildstudents’____37____(aware)oftraditionalculture.OnourwaytoJingdezhen,ourguideintroduced____38____(we)tothebasicsofporcelainproduction.OurfirststopwastheMuseumofChineseCeramics,whichhas____39____uniqueandexquisitecollectionofporcelainmadefrommaterialssuchasclayandstone.Theguidetoldusthegreatachievementsinceramicsfromancienttimesuntiltoday.Ilistenedcarefullytoeverything.____40____(date)backtoNeolithic(新石器时代)period,claywasusedtomakepottery(陶器),____41____wasusedtocarrywaterandfood.Today,westilluseporcelainbutourpotteryisreallyfarmorebeautifulthantheproductsofthosetimes.____42____thesecondday,theteamleadertookustoasmallDIYporcelainfactory.Undertheguidanceoftheteacher,we____43____(give)someclayandthechancetodesignapieceofpottery.Althoughoureffortswerenotasbeautifulasthearticlesinthemuseum,theywereourownwork.Thetwo-dayactivitywasenjoyableand____44____(meaning).Ilearnedalotaboutporcelainand____45____(make)anitemonmyown.Itmeantalottome.【答案】36.guided37.awareness38.us39.a40.Dating41.which42.On43.weregiven44.meaningful45.made【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加的一个关于瓷器的调研活动。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，我们学校举办了为期两天的调研活动，活动的口号是“探索陶瓷文化，穿越古今”。guide和activity之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填guided。【37题详析】考查名词。句意：目的是培养学生对传统文化的认识。空处作宾语，且前面有名词所有格修饰，应填名词形式，awareness是不可数名词，故填awareness。【38题详析】考查代词。句意：在去景德镇的路上，导游向我们介绍了瓷器制作的基本知识。空处作宾语，应填宾格形式，故填us。【39题详析】考查冠词。句意：我们的第一站是中国陶瓷博物馆，那里收藏了由粘土和石头等材料制成的独特而精美的瓷器。此处collection表示泛指，acollectionof“一批……的收藏”，且unique以辅音音素开头，故填a。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：早在新石器时代，粘土就被用来制作陶器，用来装水和食物。clay和datebackto之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Dating。【41题详析】考查定语从句。句意：同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是pottery，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。【42题详析】考查介词。句意：第二天，领队带我们参观了一家小型DIY瓷厂。在具体的某一天使用介词on，首字母应大写，故填On。【43题详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在老师的指导下，我们得到了一些粘土和设计一件陶器的机会。主语we和give之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，be动词使用were，故填weregiven。【44题详析】考查形容词。句意：这两天的活动是愉快而有意义的。空处和形容词enjoyable并列作表语，应填形容词形式，故填meaningful。【45题详析】考查时态。句意：我学到了很多关于瓷器的知识，也学会了自己动手制作。空处和learned是并列的谓语动词，应用动词过去式，故填made。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校举办了“中国非物质文化遗产进校园”的活动，请你以“ChineseIntangibleCulturalHeritageintoCampus”为题为校英语报写一篇英语报道，内容包括：1.活动时间；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________