2026年广州中考冲刺英语 沪教牛津版 阅读+写作（培优6.14）（教师解析版）

.14培优（阅读+写作）01春分·二月二龙抬头万物新生鸿运当头March20,2026isaspecialdayinChina.ItisboththeVernalEquinoxandtheDragonHead-RaisingDay,fallingontheseconddayofthesecondlunarmonth.OntheVernalEquinox（春分）,dayandnightarealmostequalinlength.Afterthat,theweathergetswarmer,plantsgrowquickly,andfarmersarebusywithspringplowing.Peoplehavefuncustomslikestandingeggsupright,eatingspringvegetablesandflyingkites.TheDragonHead-RaisingDayisameaningfultraditionalfestival.Itsnamecomesfromancientastronomy,whenthe"dragonhead"starrisesfromthehorizon.Peoplehavelovelytraditions:manygetahaircuttoavoidbadluckinthefirstlunarmonth,andeatspecialfoodsnamedafterdragons—dumplingsas"dragonears",noodlesas"dragonwhiskers"andspringpancakesas"dragonscales".Someplacesalso"leadthedragonintothehouse"toprayforrainandgoodharvests.Thisyear,thetwofestivalscoincide,whichisararechance.Itremindsusthatspringhasarrived.Wecanenjoythewarmdaysandwishforahealthy,prosperousnewyear.ItalsoshowsancientChinesepeople’swisdomandlovefornature.选择题What’sthefeatureoftheVernalEquinoxinaday?A.DaysaremuchlongerthannightsB.NightsaremuchlongerthandaysC.DayandnightarenearlythesameinlengthD.Thedayistheshortestinayear2.WheredoesthenameofDragonHead-RaisingDaycomefrom?A.AncientstoriesB.AncientastronomyC.Oldfarmers’experienceD.Traditionalfoodculture3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coincide”mean?A.HappenonthesamedayB.BecelebratedindifferentwaysC.HavethesamehistoryD.Bepopularindifferentplaces4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.PeopleonlycuthaironDragonHead-RaisingDayB.DragonHead-RaisingDayisonthefirstdayofthesecondlunarmonthC.Thetwofestivals’coincidencemakes2026’sspringmorespecialD.FarmersstopworkingaftertheVernalEquinox5.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.HowtocelebratetheVernalEquinoxB.ThetraditionsofDragonHead-RaisingDayC.ThehistoryofChinesetraditionalspringfestivalsD.Thespecialcoincidenceoftwospringfestivalsandtheirmeanings答案解析：答案：1.C2.B3.A4.C5.D1.答案：C解析：原文第一段OntheVernalEquinox,dayandnightarealmostequalinlength.句意：春分当天昼夜时长几乎相等。A昼远长于夜、B夜远长于昼、D白昼全年最短，均不符合原文。2.答案：B解析：原文第二段Itsnamecomesfromancientastronomy,whenthe"dragonhead"starrisesfromthehorizon.句意：节日名称源自古代天文（天象）。ancientastronomy=古代天文学，对应选项B。3.答案：A词义：coincidev.恰逢同一天；重合解析：前文说明2026年春分和龙抬头在同一天，本句thetwofestivalscoincide指两个节日碰在同一天。A（同一天发生）、B不同方式庆祝、C历史相同、D各地流行，只有A正确。4.答案：C解析：推理判断题A错：原文manygetahaircut，不是only（只）在这天理发；B错：龙抬头在农历二月初二thesecondday，不是初一firstday；C对：Thisyear,thetwofestivalscoincide,whichisararechance.两个节日罕见重合，让2026年春天格外特别；D错：春分后农民忙于春耕arebusywithspringplowing，并非停止劳作。5.答案：D主旨大意题文章先分别介绍春分、龙抬头两个节日习俗来历，重点点明2026年两节恰逢同一天这件特殊事件，以及背后寓意。A只讲春分、B只讲龙抬头、C只讲节日历史，片面；D：两个春季节日的罕见重合与各自内涵，概括全文。补充重点短语（中考积累）：VernalEquinox春分DragonHead-RaisingDay龙抬头lunarmonth农历月份plowingn.耕作prayforgoodharvest祈求丰收prosperousadj.兴旺的，顺遂的02两会宣布中小学春秋假，你期待吗？In2026,the"springandautumnholidays"forprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsbecameahottopicattheTwoSessions.Thegovernmentwillsupportqualifiedareastopilottheseshortholidays,whilecarryingoutastaggeredpaidleavesystemforworkers.ProvinceslikeZhejiang,JiangsuandSichuanhavealreadytestedthepolicywithgoodexperiences,aimingtoletfamiliestravelinoff-peakseasonsandboostlocalconsumption.Theseholidaysbringgreatbenefitstostudents.Theycanreducestudypressureafterlonglearningperiodsandkeepstudentshealthybothphysicallyandmentally.Withmildweather,studentscanstepoutofclassroomstotakepartinpracticalactivities,suchasfarmingexperiences,natureobservationandlocalculturallearning.Thishelpsturntextbookknowledgeintoreal-lifeexperienceandcreatesawin-winsituationforeducationandsociety.However,therearestillchallenges.Manyworkingparentscan’tlookaftertheirchildrenduringtheholidays.Tosolvethisproblem,schoolsnowofferchildcareserviceswithcolorfulactivities,andlocalcommunitiesprovidemoreprograms.Theholidayscanalsobesetflexiblyaccordingtolocalconditions.Inshort,theseholidaysareanimportanteducationalinnovation,helpingstudentsgrowinahealthierandmoremeaningfulway.阅读理解单选题Wheredidthe"springandautumnholidays"becomeahottopicin2026?A.AttheTwoSessionsB.InsomeschoolsC.InlocalcommunitiesD.Insomefamilies2.WhichofthefollowingprovinceshasNOTtestedtheholidaypolicy?A.ZhejiangB.JiangsuC.SichuanD.Guangdong3.Whatisonebenefitoftheholidaysforstudents?A.Theyhavemoreafter-schoolclasses.B.Theycanreducestudypressure.C.Theystayathomeallday.D.Theycanmakemoremoney.4.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Parentsdon’tworryabouttheirchildrenduringtheholidays.B.Schoolsoffernohelpforworkingparents.C.Theholidayscanbearrangedflexibly.D.Theholidayshavenothingtodowithlocalconsumption.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Howtotravelinoff-peakseasonsB.Springandautumnholidays—aneweducationaltryC.Waystoimprovestudents’gradesD.Thehistoryofschoolholidays答案&解析答案：1.A2.D3.B4.C5.BA解析：原文第一段首句In2026,the"springandautumnholidays"forprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsbecameahottopicattheTwoSessions.，春秋假在两会成为热议话题。D解析：文中提到Zhejiang、Jiangsu、Sichuan三省已试点政策，Guangdong广东没有提及。B解析：第二段Theycanreducestudypressureafterlonglearningperiods，假期可以帮助学生减轻学业压力；其余选项原文无依据。C解析：第三段Theholidayscanalsobesetflexiblyaccordingtolocalconditions.假期可因地制宜灵活安排；A错误：上班族父母假期没法照看孩子，是现实难题；B错误：学校开设托管服务；D错误：假期拉动地方消费。B解析：全文围绕中小学春秋假试点、好处、现存难题与配套措施展开，核心是新式教育尝试；A、C、D偏离文章主旨。中考重点词组积累：primaryandsecondaryschool中小学theTwoSessions两会pilotv.试点staggeredpaidleave错峰带薪休假off-peakseasons淡季boostlocalconsumption拉动本地消费reducestudypressure减轻学业压力practicalactivities社会实践活动educationalinnovation教育创新flexiblyadv.灵活地03阅读填空80岁的绘本奶奶蔡皋获国际安徒生插画奖Thisyear,80-year-oldCaiGao,aChinesepicturebookillustrator,madehistory.Shewonthe2026HansChristianAndersenAwardforIllustration,becomingthefirstChineseartisttoreceivethishonor.Knownas"thegrandmotherofpicturebooks"inChina,shewasbothshockedandoverjoyedbythenews.Bornin1946inChangsha,CaiGaogrewupwithadeeploveforartandChinesefolkculture.Herworks,suchasTheLandofPeachBlossomandBao'er,arefulloftraditionalChinesepaintingstyles,folkart,andsoft,warmcolors.Shedrawsinspirationfromherchildhoodmemoriesofnurseryrhymesandfolkstories,whichgiveherartaspecial,touchingcharm.Theawardiscalledthe"NobelPrizeforChildren'sLiterature."CaiGaosayshersuccesscomesfromtheloveofChinesecultureandchildren.HerworksnotonlybringjoytokidsbutalsoshowthebeautyofEasternaestheticstotheworld.Withapureheart,shewillkeepcreatingstoriesthatwarmyounghearts.选择题1.WhatawarddidCaiGaowin?A.TheHansChristianAndersenAwardforIllustrationB.TheNobelPrizeinLiteratureC.TheBestChildren’sBookAwardD.TheChineseFolkArtPrize2.WherewasCaiGaoborn?A.BeijingB.ShanghaiC.ChangshaD.Guangzhou3.WhatgivesCaiGao’sartspecialcharm?A.HerloveformoderncitiesB.HerchildhoodmemoriesofnurseryrhymesandfolkstoriesC.HerstudyinforeigncountriesD.Herlongteachingexperience4.WhichisTRUEaboutCaiGao’sworks?A.Theyarefullofcoldcolors.B.TheyhavenothingtodowithChineseculture.C.Theybringjoytochildren.D.Sheonlydrawsanimals.5.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howtodrawpicturebooks.B.WaystoloveChineseculture.C.ThehistoryoftheAndersenAward.D.AgreatChineseillustratorandherbigaward.答案：1.A2.C3.B4.C5.DA解析：原文第一段Shewonthe2026HansChristianAndersenAwardforIllustration，可知她斩获国际安徒生插画奖；B诺贝尔文学奖、C最佳童书奖、D中国民间艺术奖均错误。C解析：第二段开头Bornin1946inChangsha，出生地点为长沙。B解析：第二段末尾Shedrawsinspirationfromherchildhoodmemoriesofnurseryrhymesandfolkstories,whichgiveherartaspecial,touchingcharm.，儿时童谣、民间故事的回忆让作品拥有独特韵味。C解析：末段Herworksnotonlybringjoytokids→作品给孩子带去快乐。A（冷色调错，原文soft,warmcolors暖色调）；B（和中国文化无关错，满是国风）；D（只画动物，无原文依据）。D解析：全文介绍绘本画家蔡皋和她斩获国际大奖的事迹。A（如何画绘本）、B（热爱中华文化的方法）、C（奖项历史）均不是主旨。短语积累：makehistory创造历史winanawardfor…因……获奖receivehonor获殊荣beknownas作为…闻名growup长大befullof=befilledwith充满drawinspirationfrom从…汲取灵感comefrom源自notonly…butalso…不但…而且（就近原则）bringjoytosb给某人带来快乐keepdoingsth持续做某事04孙颖莎演讲《奋斗是青春最亮丽的底色》SunYingshaisnotonlyatoptabletennisplayer,butalsoahard-workingcollegestudent.Forher,dreamsarethebrightestcolorofyouth.Shefirstheldatabletennisracketattheageoffive.Atfirst,herparentsjustwantedhertodosomephysicalexercise.ButwhenshewatchedZhangYiningandWangNanplayintheBeijingOlympicsateight,shewasdeeplymoved.Seeingthemfightforthecountryandwingloryonthecourt,shemadeawish:oneday,shewouldalsostandontheOlympicstageandmaketheChinesenationalflagrisehigh.Thisdreambecameherdrivingforce.Everytrainingday,sheworkedtirelessly,evenwhenshewastiredorhurt.ShejoinedtheHebeiProvincialteamat15andthenationalteamat17.Atlast,shewonherfirstOlympicgoldmedalattheageof20.IntheParisOlympics,shefacedabigchallengeinmixeddoubles.Sheandherpartnerfellbehindinmostmatches,buttheynevergaveup.Theyfoughtbackpointbypoint,andfinallywonbackthegoldmedaltheyhadlostlasttime.SunYingsha’sstorytellsus:dreamsgiveusdirection,andhardworkmakesthemcometrue.Withpersistenceandcourage,anyonecanshine.选择题1.WhendidSunYingshafirststartplayingtabletennis?A.Attheageof5B.Attheageof8C.Attheageof15D.Attheageof172.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutSunYingsha’sdream?A.Shewantedtobecomeacollegestudentfirst.B.HerdreamofwinninggloryforChinacamefromwatchingOlympicmatches.C.Shedecidedtogiveuptabletennisafterlosingamatch.D.Herparentswereagainstherdreamofbeingaplayer.3.WecaninferfromthepassagethatSunYingsha’straininglifewas______.A.easyandrelaxingB.fullofchallengesbutrewardingC.alwaysfullofsuccesswithoutdifficultyD.notashardaspeoplethink4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ACollegeStudent’sLifeB.TheHistoryofTableTennisC.SunYingsha’sJourneyofDreamandHardWorkD.HowtoWinOlympicGoldMedals5.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsSunYingsha?A.DoubtfulB.AdmiringC.UninterestedD.Worried二、答案解析答案：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.BA【定位第2自然段】Shefirstheldatabletennisracketattheageoffive.B【定位第2、3自然段】八岁观看奥运比赛，看见选手为国夺荣后立下梦想。A、C、D文中无依据。B【定位第4、5自然段】第4段workedtirelessly,evenwhenshewastiredorhurt；第5段fellbehindinmostmatches,buttheynevergaveup…wonbackthegoldmedal，训练艰苦、历经挫折但收获荣誉。C【全文主旨】整篇讲述孙颖莎追逐梦想、刻苦奋斗的经历。B【定位最后一段】Withpersistenceandcourage,anyonecanshine.作者赞美敬佩孙颖莎。中考短语：attheageof在……岁时atfirst起初bedeeplymoved深受触动fightforthecountry为国拼搏winglory赢得荣誉makeawish许愿drivingforce动力atlast最终faceachallenge面对挑战fallbehind落后giveup放弃fightback反击cometrue实现withpersistenceandcourage凭借坚持与勇气05RobotBeatsHumanHalf-MarathonRecord:AHistoricRace机器人打破人类半马纪录：一场历史性的比赛OnthemorningofApril19,2026,anextraordinaryracetookplaceinBeijing.About12,000humanrunnersandover300humanoidrobotsstartedtogetherfromthesamelineatthe2026BeijingE-TownHalfMarathon.Itwastheworld’sfirsthalfmarathonthatallowedhumansandbipedrobotstoraceonthesamecourse.Whenthefirstrobotcrossedthefinishline,historywasmade.Thewinnerwas"Lightning,"arobotmadebyChinesecompanyHonor.Itfinishedthe21-kilometerracein50minutesand26seconds.Thatwasnearlysevenminutesfasterthanthehumanhalfmarathonworldrecordof57minutesand20seconds.Inotherwords,arobotbeatthebesthumanrunnerontheplanet.However,theracewasnotassimpleasitseemed.Thefirstrobottocrossthefinishlinewasnottherealwinner.Thatrobotwasremote-controlledandfinishedin48minutesand19seconds—morethantwominutesfasterthan"Lightning."Sowhydidn’titwin?Accordingtotherules,remote-controlledrobotshadtheirtimesmultipliedby1.2.Afterthischange,itstimebecameabout57minutes."Lightning,"whichrancompletelyonitsown,keptits50-minutetime.Therulesweremadetoencouragerobotsthatcanthinkandmovebythemselves.Theprogressfromlastyearwasevenmoreamazing.Inthefirsthumanoidrobothalfmarathonin2025,thewinnertook2hours,40minutesand42secondstofinish—morethanthreetimesslowerthanthisyear’swinner.Backthen,mostrobotsneededhumanengineerstorunbesidethemwithcomputers.Onlysixoutoftwentyteamsfinishedtherace.Thisyear,nearly40percentoftheover100teamsracedontheirown.Theyusedsensorsandcamerastofindtheirway.Whydoesthismatter?Theracewasnotjustaboutwinning.Expertssaythatmakingrobotsrunlongdistancesinreal-worldconditions—withslopes,sharpturns,andbumpyground—helpssolvekeyproblems.Theseincludebatterylife,heatcontrol,andquickdecision-making.Thesearethesameskillsrobotswillneedtoworkinfactories,helpathome,ortakepartindisasterrescue.Inshort,arobotthatcanfinishamarathonisonestepclosertobeingtrulyusefulinourdailylives.题目Whatmadethe2026BeijingE-TownHalfMarathonspecial?A.Itwasheldinasciencefictionmovie.B.Robotsandhumansrantogetheronthesamecourse.C.Onlyrobotswereallowedtotakepartintherace.D.Theracewaslongerthanastandardhalfmarathon.Accordingtotherules,whydidthefastestrobotNOTwintherace?A.Itbrokedownbeforereachingthefinishline.B.ItwasnotmadebyaChinesecompany.C.Itstimewaschangedbecauseitwasremote-controlled.D.Itstartedlaterthantheotherrobots.InParagraph1,whatdoestheunderlinedword“extraordinary”probablymean?A.普通的B.特别的；非凡的C.危险的D.无聊的Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Themainpurposeoftheraceistoentertainthepublic.B.Scientistshavealreadysolvedallrobotproblems.C.Marathonraceshelpmakerobotsmoreusefulinreallife.D.Robotsarebetterthanhumansateverythingnow.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheHistoryofMarathonRacesinBeijingB.HowtoBuildaHumanoidRobotatHomeC.WhyRobotsAreTakingOvertheWorldD.RobotsBeatHumans:AHistoricRace二、答案+段落定位+全选项解析答案：1.B2.C3.B4.C5.DB【定位第1段】原文：Itwastheworld’sfirsthalfmarathonthatallowedhumansandbipedrobotstoraceonthesamecourse.A错：不在科幻电影；C错：人和机器人共同参赛；D错：路程没有加长。C【定位第3段】原文：Accordingtotherules,remote-controlledrobotshadtheirtimesmultipliedby1.2.Afterthischange,itstimebecameabout57minutes.A/B/D文中无对应内容。B【词义猜测・第1段】首届人机同场半马赛事，是与众不同的，extraordinary=非凡的、特别的。其余词义不符。C【定位最后一段】原文：Inshort,arobotthatcanfinishamarathonisonestepclosertobeingtrulyusefulinourdailylives.A错：目的不只是娱乐；B错：all过于绝对；D错：everything绝对化。D【全文主旨】文章围绕机器人打破人类半马纪录、历史性赛事展开。A（北京马拉松历史）、B（在家造机器人）、C（机器人统治世界）均偏离主旨。三、精简中考必背短语takeplace发生；举办startfrom…从……出发crossthefinishline冲过终点线inotherwords