分词作定语说课讲解

分词作定语1.过去分词知多少惊恐的人们预留的座位被污染的水拥挤的教室打碎的花瓶关了的门疲惫的观众terrified/astonishedpeoplereservedseatspollutedwateracrowdedroomabrokenvaseacloseddoorthetiredaudience一颗破碎的心

丧家之犬已经升起的太阳abroken

hearttherisensunalost

dog2.现在分词作定语aflamingargumentanexcitingeveningawalkingstickahowlingstormtherisingsunanoperatingtablesmilingfacesthesufferingpeasantsbuildingmaterialsaflyingkite11.thecomingweek12.adressingroom13.aninterestingcrosstalk14.thedancinggirl15.drinkingwater16.awashingmachine17.writingpaper18.anopeningspeech19.abathingcap20.atrainingclass21.ahidingplace.22.asleepingbag3.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词表示被动或完成；现在分词表示主动或进行。thechangingworldthechangedworld（正在变化的）（变化了的）boilingwaterboiledwater（正在沸腾的）（已经沸腾过的）adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry(发展中的)（发达的）fallingleavesfallenleaves正在飘落的树叶落叶退休工人aretiredworker逃犯anescapedprisoner被盗的汽车astolencarTranslatethefollowingphrases:(2)

所表示的时间过去分词作定语时，所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.Theletterpostedyesterdaywillsoonreachhim.

Haveyoureadthebookswrittenbytheyoungwriter？Theyfoundadamagedcaratthegateofthepark.单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.(3).过去分词作定语位置

(4)语法功能过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。

ThestolenbikebelongstoJack.

ThebikewhichhasbeenstolenbelongstoJack.

ThelecturegivenbyProfessorZhangisaboutenvironmentprotection.

ThelecturewhichwasgivenbyProfessorZhangisabouttheenvironmentprotection.

aletterwritteninpencilthebookrecommendedbyJackthemachinesproducedlastyearThissubstance,discoveredalmostbyaccident,hasrevolutionizedmachine.=aletterwhichwaswritteninpencil=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbyJack=themachineswhichwereproducedlastyear=Thissubstance,whichwasdiscoveredalmostbyaccident,hasrevolutionizedmachine.1.Thechildrenwhoareplayingtheviolinwillgiveaperformancenextweek.Thechildren

theviolinwillgiveaperformancenextweek.2.Isawamanwhowasfrightenedbyasnake.Isawaman

byasnake.3.Hesawadogthatwascarryingapieceofmeatenteringyourgarden.Hesawadog

apieceofmeatenteringyourgarden.4.TherearemanynewEnglishwordswhichareaddedtotheneweditionofthedictionary.TherearemanynewEnglishwords

totheneweditionofthedictionary.playingfrightenedcarryingadded5.Agroupofpolicemenwhowerecomingoutofagreenjeeprushedtoamurder.6.Themanwhoisstandingoutsideisacrosstalkartist.7.Aprettygirlwhowascaughtstealingthingsinthemarketisaundergraduate.8.TheeightpandaswhichwillbetakentoBeijingtomorrowwillliveintheBeijingZoo.9.Myteachersuggestedthedictionarythatwasreferredtobeboughtin3days.Iknowthepeoplebuildingthehousethere.(主动、进行）Thehousebeingbuiltoverthereisashop.(被动、正在建)Thehousebuiltoverthereisashop.（被动、已建好）

1.Willyouattendthemeeting________onSaturday?A.heldB.beingheldC.tobeheldD.hold2.Thewoman____alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give区别还没发生的动作正在发生的动作，表主动A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA解析

①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.CA2.Iborrowedabook______byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthemeeting______yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld1.Doyouknowtheboy____(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidangrily____(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman_____(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater_____(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader________(respect)bythepeople.lyingpointingsellingbroughtrespected4.过去分词作表语1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。①Theglasswasbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.②Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.状态动作动作状态3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,

surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?Theygotvery

excited.③Shewasvery

disappointed

toheartheresult.④He’squite

experienced

inteachingbeginners.

②HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?Well,hisfatherseemspleased

withhisresults.bepreparedtodobeinterestedindoing/sthbeinterestedtodobeworriedaboutbeconcernedaboutbeabsorbedindoing/sthdefeatedenemyaboynamed/calledBillcracked/brokenwindow准备好做某事对…感兴趣（习惯）对…感兴趣（一次性）担心…关心…专注于…被打败的敌人一个叫Bill的男孩打碎的窗户/玻璃短语积累C解析该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysb.bythehour”

计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topayCWhathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparentsare_____him.

A.disappointed;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby

Asisknowntousall,travelingis____,butweoftenfeel_____whenwearebackfromtravels.

A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiring.C.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired2.Hearingthe___news,weallfelt____

A.encouraging;encouragingB.encouraged;encouragedC.encouraged;encouragingD.encouraging;encouraged3.Fromthedates___onthegoldcoin,itisconfirmedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.

A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarkedExercisesLindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,______as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown高考链接B解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。2.Thedisc,digitally________inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded高考链接A解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。3.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases_______onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known高考链接D解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4.Theflowers_______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt高考链接B解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/thatsmellssweet。用以下单词的正确形式填空：worry,interest,arrive,frighten,continue,concern1.I’llbe__________tohearwhathehastosay.2.Themayorsaidthathewas________aboutthe________riseofthewaterlevelintheriverbed.3.Recently________soldiersarehelpingtotakethevictimstosafeareasfromtheflood.4.Mostofthenewspaperseemstobe___________withpopstars.5.Hewas_________ofgoingaloneintotheemptyhouse.interestedworriedcontinuedarrivedconcernedfrightenedCompletethesentencesusingtherightformofthegivenverb.Ihadnothingtodo.Iwas__________(bore)andlonely.Jacklookedevenmore_______(amaze)thanhefelt.Theresultswerevery_____________(disappoint).Iwasthankedbythe_____________(satisfy)customer.Thegirl___________(dress)inredismydaughter.LastMondayourclasswentonan____________(organise)trip.

bored

amazed

disappointing

satisfied

dressed

organised7.Welivedinthehouse__________________(我舅舅们修建的).8.Anymedicine________(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.9.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan__________________(她制定的).10._____________(开水)

11.________________(一个破碎的茶杯)12.three____________________(受伤的士兵)builtbymyunclestakenmadebyherboiledwaterabrokencupwoundedsoldiers13.Mostofthepeople___________________(被邀请参加宴会的)werefamousscientists.14.Lessons_____________(易学的)aresoonforgotten.15._____________(易学的)lessonsaresoonforgotten.16.Thecomputercenter_________________(开办)lastweekispopularwiththestudents.invitedtothepartylearnedeasilyopened/startedEasily-learned1.____inthetrafficaccident____takentohospital.A.Aninjured,wasB.Theinjured,hasC.Theinjuring,wereD.Theinjured,havebeen2.The___lookonthegirl’sfacesuggestedthatshe___suchbadnews.B.surprised,shouldexpectA.surprising,wouldexpectC.surprising,shouldn’thavebeenexpectedD.surprised,hadn’texpected3.Thegirl___forwardtobuyinganewgoldwatch.A.referredtolookB.referredtolookingC.referredtolooksD.referringtolooks4.It’sapayday，andtheyarewaiting____.pay B.payingC.paid D.tobepaid5.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written6.You’llfindtheword"psychology"____under"P"inyourdictionary.A.havelistedB.listC.listedD.listing7.Fromthedate___onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked8.Expertsthinkthatweneedtoeatmeatbecauseitcontainsvitaminsandminerals_____invegetables.A.notfindingB.nottobefoundC.notfoundD.whichisnotfound9.Shefeltrather

thatsheshouldn’tdrivethecaratsucha

speed.A.frightening,frighteningB.frightened,frightenedC.frightening,frightenedD.frightened,frightening10.TheOlympicGames,

in776B.C,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplayingDoyouknowthenameoftheplay___inthehallnow