托福（作文）模拟试卷64

托福（作文）模拟试卷64

一、听力写作（本题共2题，每题1.0分，共2分。）

1、Readthefollowingpassage.Orcasarelargepredatorywhaleswhosetypical

colorationismostlyblackwithsomewhitepatches.Inrecentyears,however,sightingsof

anunusual,almostcompletelywhiteorcahavebeenreportedinthenorthernPacific

Ocean.OnesightingofawhiteorcaoccurrednearAlaskain2000.Anothersightingofa

whiteorca-nicknamed"Iceberg"byscientists-wasmadeoffthecoastofRussiain

2010.Becauseawhiteorcaissounusual,somescientistshavesuggestedthat"Iceberg',,

thewhaleseenoffthecoastofRussia,wasthesameanimalastheorcaseenearliernear

Alaska.However,thereareconvincingargumentsthat'Iceberg"andtheAlaskanwhite

orcaareactuallyIwodifferentindividuals.First,althoughallthephotographsmade

duringthesightingsshowverylight-coloredanimals,theorcaseeninAlaskaappearsto

bejustslightlydarkerthan"Iceberg".Suchdifferenceincolorationsuggeststhatthese

weretwodistinctanimalsthatwereindependentlysightedinthenorthernPacific.

Second,thesightingswereveryfarapart.TheAlaskanorcawasseennearthecentral

AleutianIslands,alongsiringofislandsthatextendswestwardfromthemainlandof

Alaska."Iceberg"wasseenneartheCommanderIslands,offthecoastofRussia.More

than1,500kilometersseparatethetwolocations.Typically,orcastendtostaynearthe

mainlandcoastandnottravelsuchalongdistance.Third,whenscientistssawthe

Alaskanwhiteorcain2000,theyestimatedthatitwasaround20yearsold,basedonthe

sizeofitsdorsal（back）fin.Whenresearcherssaw"Iceberg1',theirestimateofitsage,

basedonthefinsize,wasalsoaround20years-butthatwasin2010,whentheAlaskan

orcawouldhavebeen30!Theestimatesagainsuggestquitestronglythatthesearetwo

differentindividuals.Nowlistentopartofalectureonthetopicyoujustreadabout.

Summarizethepointsmadeinthelecture,beingsuretoexplainhowtheyrespondtothe

specificargumentspresentedinthereadingpassage.

标准答案：In2000and2010,twowhiteorcasoccurredoffthecoastofAlaskaaswell

asRussia's,andthelatteronewasnamed"Iceberg”.Somescientistsbelievethatthese

twoorcasaredifferentindividuals.Thereadingpassagegivesthreereasonstosupport

thisargument,butthelcc:urcrrebutsthemall.Firstly,asthereadingpassagecontends,

thedifferenceincolorationofthetwoorcasindicatesthattheyaretwodistinct

individuals.Butthelecturersaidthedifferencemayhavebeencausedbyalgae,plant

organismsthatgrowonorcas'skinduringsomepartsoftheyear.Consideringthe

seasonalvariationinalgeagrowth,theskincolorofthesameorcamaychange.Secondly,

thereadingpassageemphasizesthelongdistancebetweenthelocationsofthetwo

sightings.Itsuggeststhatorcas,whichtendtostaynearthemainlandcoast,wouldnot

travelthatfar.However,sincescientistshavedeterminedthat"Iceberg"isafish-hunting

orcathatwillfollowmigratingfishtotheopensea,thelecturerarguesthatitispossible

for"Iceberg"totravelbetweenAlaskaandRussiaduringthedecade.Finally,basedon

thesizeofthedorsalfin,bothorcaswereestimatedtobeattheageof20.Ifthetwoorcas

wereboth"Iceberg",asarguedinthereadingpassage,theoneseenoffthecoastof

Russiashouldhavegrownto30yearsoldin2010.Thelecturerdoubtstheaccuracyof

ageestimates.After20,thebackfinofanorcastopsgrowing,andthus,"Iceberg",witha

fullygrownbackfin,couldhavebeenover20whenitwasspottedin2010.

知识点解析：题目：看电影或者看书比体育锻炼更能让人放松。本题属于"Agree

orDisagree”的类型，考生应在第一段表明同意与否，不建议采取模棱两可的态

度。如果选择同意，要强调看电影或者看书对于放松身心的重要意义，反之亦然。

在主体部分，考生可以结合人们的生活方式，讨论自己认同的做法有何具体益处。

此外，采取欲抑先扬的写法，即先正视和肯定另一种做法的明显优势，再挖掘它的

相对劣势，可以增强文章的客观性和全面性。

2^Readthefollowingpassage.TheBritishLibraryownsafourtccnth-ccntury

handwrittenbookcontainingfourpoemsconsideredtobeamongthefinestoftheEnglish

MiddleAges.TheunknownauthorisreferredtoasthePearlPoetafterthetitleofoneof

thepoemsinthemanuscript.SeveraltheorieshavebeenputforwardaboutthePearl

Poet'sidentity.OnetheorysuggeststhatthePearlPoetwasJohnMassey.Johnwas

knowntohavelivedinnorthwestEngland,wherethepoemsofthePearlmanuscriptwere

produced.Moreover,thesunivingmanuscriptofJohn'spoem,SaintErkenwald,isinthe

samehandwritingastheBritishLibrary'smanuscriptofthepoemsofthePearlPoet.

ThesefactsmakeagoodargumentthatthePearlPoetwasJohnMassey.Accordingtoa

secondtheory,thefourtccnth-ccnturypoetknownaslittleHughauthoredthepoems.

HistoricalrecordsindicatethatlittleHughwroteapoemcalledTheAdventureof

Gawain,whichsomehavehypothesizedisthesameasoneofthefourPearlPoet's

poems,SirGawainandtheGreenKnight.ThepoemsofthePearlPoetmakeextensive

useofalliteration—pairsofadjacentwordsthatbeginwiththesameconsonantsound

(forexample,largelake)—anditisknownthatlittleHughwrotealliterativeverse.The

sharedsubjectmatteranduseofalliterationsupporttheidentityoflittleHughasthePearl

Poet.Athirdtheoryarguesthatthefourpoemsinthemanuscriptwereinfactwrittenby

severalauthorsratherthanasingleone.Theonlythingallthepoemshaveincommonis

thattheymentionplacesinthesameregionofEngland.Soperhapsthemanuscript

representsacollectionofpoemsbyseveralauthorsfromthesameregion.Nowlistento

partofalectureonthetopicyoujustreadabout.Summarizethepointsmadeinthe

lecture,beingsuretoexplainhowtheyrespondtothespecificpointsmadeinthereading

passage.

标准答案：Thereadingpassageproposedthreetheoriesconcerningtheidentityofthe

PearlPoet,theauthorofamanuscriptoffourpoemsownedbytheBritishLibrary.The

lecturer,however,arguesthatnoneofthesetheoriesisconvincing.Thefirsttheorylinks

thePearlPoettoJohnMassey,asJohnlivedinthesameplacewherethemanuscriptwas

produced,andthehandwritingofapoembyJohnisidenticaltothatofthepoems.But

thelecturerpointsoutthatthemajorityofthemanuscriptsthenweretranscribedby

specializedcopyists.Thesamehandwritingonlyindicatesthatthosepoemsarecopiedby

thesamecopyist.ThesecondtheorybelievesthattheauthorislittleHugh,basedonthe

evidencethatlittleHugh'spoemsandthePearlPoet'spoemshavethesamesubject

matterandbothfeaturealliterativeverses.However,thelecturerrefutesthatthepoemsof

thesetwoauthorswerewrittenindramaticallydifferentdialectsofEnglish;therefore,the

authorshouldhavecomefromaregiondifferentfromlittleHugh'sregion.Thethird

theoryarguesthatthepoemswerecomposedbymultipleauthorsfromthesameregionin

England,astheonlysimilaritysharedbyallthepoemsisthementioningofplacesofone

region.Thistheoryisnotconvincingtoo.Accordingtothelecturer,theirsimilaritiesare

morethanthat;thesefourpoemsalsoemploythesameuniquediction,includingsome

veryuncommonwords,hisunlikelythatdifferentwriterswouldhavechosentheexact

samewordsbychance.

知识点解析：题目：许多电影制作人根据书籍制作电影。有些人喜欢先看书再看

电影，有些人喜欢先看电影后看书。你倾向于哪种做法?为什么？本题属于“二选

一”的类型，要求考生选择：在观看基于书籍制作的电影时，是“先看书再看电

影”，还是“先看电影后看书本题问的是考生的喜好，因此，在文章开头可以就

题目先评论几句，并补充例子，以此扩充题目的背景，更加自然地引出话题。然后

明确说明自己的选择，再谈理由。理由可以从正反两方面展开，提出自己选择某种

做法的原因，和自己不选择另一种做法的原因。这个题目比较主观，所以可以多举

一些自身的例子，使文章更生动立体。

二、常规写作（本题共2题，每题1.0分，共2分。）

3、Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Itisbettertorelaxby

watchingamovieorreadingabookthandoingphysicalexercise.Usespecificreasons

andexamplestosupportyouranswer.Besuretouseyourownwords.Donotuse

memorizedexamples.

标准答案：Peoplenowadaysliveunderahighlevelofpressure,andtherefore,findinga

waytorelaxisofparamountimportancetotheirwell-being.Itisheldthatitisbetterto

relaxbywatchingamovieorreadingabookthandoingphysicalexercise.Personally,I

havemydoubts.Onthecontrary,Ibelievedoingphysicalexerciseisamoreidealwayto

takeabreakfromthehusdeandbustleofmodernlife.Firstofall,manypeopleworkat

theoffice,andthushaveasedentarylifestyle.Itiscommonfbrpeopletositatthedesk

forhours.Thisisveryunhealthyaspeoplearelikelytogainweighteasilyandhave

achingbacksduetothefactthattheystaystillfortoolong,maintainingonesitting

posture.Readingbooksorwatchingmovieswouldrequiremoresitting.1amindoubt

aboutthebenefitofsittingforanevenlongerperiodoftimeafteralreadyhavingsittor

hoursatwork.Doingphysicalexercises,bycontrast,willtakepeopleawayfromdesks

andwork,makethemmoveandstretchtheirarmsandlegs.Itwillalsogeneratemors

adrenalineanddopamineinthebodythatmakepeoplefeelhappier.Furthermore,people

cangetmorefreshairwhentheydophysicalexerciseoutdoors.Secondly,peoplecan

havemoreopportunitiestointeractwithotherswhentheydophysicalexercise;the

interpersonalinteractionwouldmakepeoplefeelrelaxed.Onecaninvitefamilyand

friendstodosportssuchasplayingbadmintonandtabletennisorswimming.Theycan

competewitheachotherorplayasateam.Theycanalsoshareanyproblemsorconcerns

withotherswhiledoingsports.Moreover,whenpeoplehaveworriesorexperience

troubles,doingsomeintensephysicalexercisewithothers,suchasboxing,isahealthy

waytoloosenup.Incomparison,readingorwatchingmoviesismorelikelytobean

individualactivity.Onedoesnotusuallytalkwithotherswhilereadingorwatchinga

movie,sothelevelofinteractioninvolvedismuchlowerthanthatwhendoingsports.

Admittedly,readingabookorwatchingmovies,inthesenseofenrichingpeople's

spiritualworld,isalsoagoodwaytorelax.However,aftermakingallowanceforthe

sedentarylifestyleandthelevelofinteractioninvolvedinthesetwotypesofrecreation,I

tendtochooserelaxingbydoingphysicalexercise.

知识点解析：第1段：.引入话题，表明自己的观点。提供背景信息，并引出话

题，改写题干。说明自己的选择：体育锻炼是一种更理想的放松方式。第2段：

提出第一个理由。提到现代人的久坐习惯，并以此为背景。介绍久坐可能带来的两

个危害。把看书或看电影和久坐关联起来，说明前者不利于人们摆脱这种不健康的

生活方式，凸显了体育锻炼在改变这一生活方式方面的益处，额外补充了运动对健

康的两个好处。第3段：提出第二个理由。通过举例，生动地佐证体育锻炼有利

于增强人际互动，点明阅读或看电影较不利于人际互动。第4段：总结段。第一

句起让步的作用，通过讨论阅读或看电影的益处，增强了文章的客观性。第二句综

合上述理由，再次强调自己的立场。

4、Manymoviemakersmakemoviesbasedonbooks.Somepeopleprefertoreadthe

bookbeforetheywatchthemovie,whileotherpeopleprefertowatchthemoviebefore

theyreadthebook.Whichonedoyouprefer?Why?Usespecificreasonsandexamples

tosupportyouranswer.Besuretouseyourownwords.Donotusememorizedexamples.

标准答案：Ithasbeenapopularpracticetomakebesi-sellersintomovies.Many

moviesadaptedfromwell-knownbookshaveachievedsuccess,torexample,theHarry

Porterseries.Somepeopleliketoreadthebookfirstbeforewatchingthemovieand

othersmightwanttoreversetheorder.Generallyspeaking,Ipreferreadingthebookin

advanceforabetterappreciationofthemovie.Iwillunderstandthemoviemore

profoundlywiththeknowledgeaboutthestory.Readingthebookhelpsreadilycreatea

betterunderstandingofthecharactersandthestoryline.SowhenIwatchit,Iwon'tget

lostinthestory,andIcanevenunderstandbetterwhysomedetailsareconsidered

importantandreflectiveofthebookbythedirectortobeincludedinthemovie.Another

importantreasonisthatbooksoffermoredetailsanddescriptionswhilemoviesare

usuallylimitedinlengthandtendtofollowsomesetpatternstoattractaudience.

Consequently,moviesmayenduplackingmanygrippingdetailsyetaddingsomethatarc

notrelativetothemainplotscenes,orevenworse,beingtoothrea