2026年四川省巴中市中考适应性考试英语试卷（含答案）

第第页2026年四川省巴中市中考适应性考试英语试卷一、阅读理解AFunUKFamilyTravelShowBasicInformationDate:21st-22ndMarch2026Location:AllianzPark,London(It'seasytogettherebybus,trainorcar.)Scale:Over15,000visitorsyearlyOpeningTimes·Saturday21stMarch202610a.m.-6p.m.·Sunday22ndMarch202610a.m.-5p.m.Ticket&AgeRulesAgeRequirements·0-5yearsold:Free·6-15yearsold:Childticket·16yearsoldandolder:Adultticket·Specialrule:Youmustbe8oroldertodothezipline.TicketPrices·Children(6-15):£10·Adults(16+):£20·Familyticket(2adults+3children):£55SpecialActivityFees(Youmustbuyticketsearly.)·Zipline:£50·RugbyTour:£20FreeActivities·Softplay·Facepainting·Crazygolf·ImmersiveVR·Pickleball·DarkSkiesDome·GamesandcompetitionsTravel&Services·AshortwalkfromTwickenhamStadium,London·Busroutes281,267,481,490andH22·Freeparkingavailable·Food,drinks,accessibletoiletsandbaby-changingfacilitiesprovided.BookingW1．Whatcanwelearnabouttheevent?A．Itiseasytoreach. B．Itisaone-dayevent.C．Itisonlyforchildren. D．ItisheldincentralLondon.2．Whocantrythezipline?A．A5-year-oldboy. B．A7-year-oldgirl.C．An8-year-oldchild. D．Anychildwithparents.3．Whichofthefollowingcanvisitorsdoattheevent?A．Takeabustour. B．Visitasciencelab.C．Enjoyfacepainting. D．Watchafootballmatch.SagarikaSriramwasjust10whenshereadnewspaperstoriesabouttheplanetintrouble.Onestorywasaboutawhalethatwasheduponthebeachafteroilpollutionandanotherwasdolphinswithplasticinsidethem.Sheknewshehadtoact,soshejoinedcleanupactivitiesinDubai.Shesaidthisexperiencetaughtherwhatpeoplecandoandwhatdifferencetheycanmake.In2016,SagarikacreatedKidsforaBetterWorld,anonlineplatform(平台)thathasbroughtnearly10,000youngpeopleworldwidetofightclimatechange.Now16,sheispartofagroupofyoungenvironmentalactivists(倡导者).Shebelievesevensmallactionscancreatea"rippleeffect",helpingthingsmoveintherightdirectionandleadingtobiggerchanges.Theplatformisforchildrenaged8to16.Itteachesthemhowtohelpathomeandintheircommunities,suchasbyplantingtrees,growingfood,recycling,andavoidingplastic.ThesearelessonsSagarikawantsschoolstoteach,becausetheycanhelpchangeourfuture.Growingupinadesertcity,shedeeplyunderstandstheneedforaction.Hercityfaceschallengeslikerisingtemperaturesandlesswater.Shebelievesyoungpeoplecanbringpublicattentiontotheseproblems.Althoughshevaluessmalldailyactions,Sagarikahasbigplans.SheplanstostudyatStanfordUniversityandcontinuerunningherorganization.Shehopestoencourageotherstofightforagreenerplanet,justasothersonceencouragedher.4．WhatmadeSagarikadecidetojoinclean-upactivities?A．Facingheatandlesswater.B．Learningwaystoprotectnature.C．Believingsmallactionscouldmatter.D．Readingstoriesaboutharmedanimals.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"rippleeffect"inparagraph2mean?A．Ataskneedinghardwork. B．Aproblemspreadinginnature.C．Astepcausingbiggerchanges. D．Anideadrawingmanychildren.6．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Sagarika'sfutureplans. B．Simplegreenactions.C．Greenlessonsforchildren. D．Seriousclimateproblems.7．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSagarika?A．Cleverandpatient. B．Creativeandhumorous.C．Friendlyandimaginative. D．Activeandencouraging.Habitsarethingswedoagainandagainindailylife.Manyofourhabitsbeginwhenweareveryyoung.Asbabiesandchildren,welearnbywatchingpeoplearoundus,especiallyourparents.Forexample,whenababyisputtobedwithparentsatthesametimeeverynight,thechildslowlygetsusedtosleepingthen.Childrencanlearnbothgoodhabitsandbadhabitsfromothers.Somehabitsdisappearaschildrengrowolder.Forexample,smallchildrenmayputafingerintheirmouthorpulltheirearswhentheyfeelnervous.However,weusuallydonotseeadultsdoingthesethings.Aspeoplegrowup,theystarttounderstandsocialrulesbetter.Adultsknowthatsomeactionsarenotpoliteinpublic,sotheytrytocontroltheirbehavior.Still,adultsmayshowsimilarhabitsindifferentways.Somepeoplebitetheirfingers,playwiththeirhair,orputapenintheirmouthwhentheyfeelworriedorstressed.Manyadultstrytobuildhealthyhabitstostaystrongandlivelonger.Thesehabitsmayincludeeatinghealthyfood,doingexerciseregularly,notsmoking,andnotdrinkingtoomuchbeerorwine.Oncepeoplerepeattheseactions,theyslowlybecomepartofdailylife.Teenagersmayalsodevelopnewhabitsastheybecomemoreindependent.Sometimesthesehabitsaregood,butsometimestheyarenot.Ifabadhabitappears,itmaybecomehardertochangelater.Whetherwearechildrenoradults,goodhabitscanhelpuslivebetterlives.Bypracticinghealthybehaviorseveryday,wecanbuildhabitsthatmakeourliveshappierandhealthier.8．HowdohabitsusuallybeginaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Bywatchingothers. B．Bygettinghelpfromparents.C．Bygoingtobedearly. D．Bydoingthesamethingdaily.9．Whatdotheexamplesofchildren,teenagersandadultsinthepassagemainlyshow?A．Habitsstaythesameinlife. B．Habitsshapeeverydaybehavior.C．Habitsconnectwithlifestress. D．Habitschangeaspeoplegrow.10．Whydosomehabitsbecomedifficulttochangelaterinlife?A．Earlyhabitsstayinlife. B．Teenagerstestnewbehavior.C．Adultsignoresocialrules. D．Repeatingmakeshabitsstronger.11．Accordingtothepassage,whathelpspeopledevelopgoodhabits?A．Followingsocialrulesbetter. B．Keepinghealthyactionsgoing.C．Changingbadhabitslateron. D．Becomingmoreindependent.Scientistshavefoundthatsomedogscantellthedifferencebetweentoysbywhattheydo,notjustbyhowtheylook.Thisisaskillthathumanslearnaschildrenbuthasnotbeenseenindogsbefore.Forexample,youngchildrencanworkoutthatbothahammerandastonecanbeusedtoknockashapeintoahole,eventhoughtheydon'tlookthesame.Inthestudy,thescientistswantedtoseeifdogscouldtellthedifferencebetweentoysusedforpullingorthrowing,eveniftheyhadnotseenthetoysbefore.Theyselectedagroupofdogs—mostlybordercollies(边境牧羊犬).Thescientistssetuptheexperimentsinthedogs'homes.Thereweretwokindsoftoys:toysforpullingandtoysforthrowing,likeballs.Allthetoyslookeddifferent.Whentheownersplayedwithatoy,theytoldthedog"pull"or"throw",sothedogknewwhatkindoftoyitwas.Thedogsweretestedonthetoynamesfourweekslater.Thenthedogsgotanewthrowtoyandanewpulltoytoplaywith,buttheownersdidn'tsaythewordsoutloud.Theownersthenaskedthedogstobringbackthe"pull"or"throw"toyfromagroupofallofthetoysandthecleverdogsgotitrightmostofthetime.Theexperimentshowstheycannameatoyorthingintheirmindsbywhatitisusedfor.Thestudy'sleadauthor,ClaudiaFugazzafromEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary,said,"Wehaveshownthatdogslearnthenamesofthingsreallyfastandtheyrememberthemforalongperiod,evenwithoutrepeatingthem."Thenextstepintheresearchistoseewhetherthedogscanworkoutwhatthingsareusedfor,eveniftheyhaven'tlearnedwhatthey'refor.12．Whatnewabilityhavescientistsfoundindogs?A．Theycantelltoysbylooks. B．Theycangrouptoysbytheiruse.C．Theycanlearnskillslikehumans. D．Theycanuseunfamiliartoyswell.13．Whydidthescientistsusenewtoysintheexperiment?A．Tocontroltestresults. B．Tocheckdogs'choices.C．Tomakeplaytimemorefun. D．Tohelpdogslearnnames.14．WhatdidClaudiaFugazzasayaboutdogs?A．Theyweretalentedwordlearners. B．Theyneededrepeatedpractice.C．Theylearnednamesthroughplay. D．Theyforgotthingsquitesoon.15．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．NewToysTestCleverDogsB．BorderColliesDoBetteratHomeC．WhyDogsLearnNamesSoFastD．DogsandTheirSurprisingToySkills二、第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。TheTruthBehindLyingMostchildrenlearnhonestyfromfairytalesandotherstories.Pinocchio(匹诺曹),afamouspuppet,musttellthetruth,orhisnosegrowslonger.IntheUS,kidslearnsix-year-oldGeorgeWashingtonbravelyadmittedcuttingthecherrytree,winninghisfather'spraise.Thesestoriestellchildren"honestyisthebestpolicy".16．Onereasonpeoplelieistohidemistakes.Itistruethateveryonedoessomethingwrongfromtimetotime.17．Forexample,studentsmaylieaboutunfinishedhomework,sayingit'sleftathome,justtoavoidtroubleandsaveface.Anotherreasonpeoplelieistogetawayfromsituationstheydon'twantorcan'tdealwith.Forexample,ifacompanyhasaweekendmeeting,amanagermaynotwanttogo.Shemaycallherbossandgiveanexcuse.18．Peopleoftendothiswhentheydon'twanttotellthetruthandfacetheresults.However,peoplesometimesmighttella"whitelie".Forexample,ifyourgoodfriendhasanuglyhaircut,youcansayit'sspecialinsteadof"Itlooksterrible".19．Peoplelieformanygoodandbadreasons.20．Butlyingtoavoidtroublemaybringmoretroubleintheend.Ifweknowwhypeoplewanttolie,wemaylieless.A.Peoplelietoavoiddifficulties.B.Butpeoplestilllieformanyreasons.C.Lyingtokeepthepeacecanhavepositiveresults.D.Theseliesarenotbadandhelpkeepgoodrelationships.E.However,peopledon'thavethecouragetosaytheyarewrong.F.Lyingcansometimesmakepeoplefeelbetteraboutthemselves.三、第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。MynameisRebeccaandI'm11.I'mfromBrazil,butmyfamilylivesina21．area,andlifeisn'teasy.MyparentsworkhardsomybrotherandIcangotoschool,andwehelpwiththehouseworkafterschool.Butfootballhasalwaysbeenthe22．partofmylife.Ithas23．mylife.Mydadwantedmybrothertobecomea24．footballplayer,buthedidn'tenjoytraining.Ilovedfootball.WhenIplayed,Ifelthappyandforgotallmy25．.Mymumsaid,"Footballisn'tfor26．."Theboysatschooldidn'twanttoplaywithmeatfirst,butwhentheysawIwasgood,they27．metojointheirteam.Oneday,ateachertoldmeaboutafootballteamjustforgirls.Theywere28．foracompetitioninMarch.Ireallywantedto29．them,soIdecidedtotakethischance30．.WhenItoldmydadandbrother,theywereveryhappy.Mymumstillthoughtfootballwasaboy's31．,butshesaidnothingmore.Mydadandbrother32．withmeeverydayforsixmonths.InFebruary,thecoachtolduswhowouldbeintheteam.WhenIheardmyname,Ijumpedintheairandshoutedwith33．.InMarch,ourteamwenttoRiodeJaneiroand34．thecompetition.Sincethen,I'vemademanynewfriendsandbecomemore35．.WhenIgrowup,Iwanttobeaprofessionalfootballplayer.IalsowanttolearnEnglishsoIcantravelandtalktopeoplearoundtheworld.21．A．busy B．poor C．modern D．beautiful22．A．hardest B．brightest C．strangest D．safest23．A．touched B．improved C．changed D．continued24．A．patient B．professional C．polite D．careful25．A．worries B．fears C．doubts D．questions26．A．boys B．teachers C．students D．girls27．A．warned B．pushed C．invited D．forced28．A．training B．leaving C．calling D．searching29．A．support B．join C．meet D．watch30．A．hopefully B．openly C．luckily D．suddenly31．A．activity B．choice C．lesson D．habit32．A．played B．travelled C．practiced D．stayed33．A．surprise B．pride C．wonder D．joy34．A．entered B．won C．missed D．planned35．A．active B．popular C．confident D．independent四、第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IoncevisitedakindergarteninShanghaiwithsomestudents.Theschoolhadabilingual(双语的)programforchildrenstartingattheageoftwo.Inmanyplaces,English36．(see)asimportantforfutureeducation.Wewatchedagroupoftwo-year-oldsduring"circletime".TheycouldanswersimplequestionsinEnglishaboutthedaysoftheweekandthemonthsoftheyear,37．thissurprisedusalot.Atthatage,manychildreninothercountriesarenotexpected38．(learn)writtenwordssoearly.Thenwewatchedthree-year-oldshaving39．lessononHumptyDumpty.Theyreadthewordsandansweredquestionsaboutthestory.Afterthat,theteachergavethemseveraleggsandaskedthemtodroptheeggsfromthesame40．(high).Alltheeggswerewrappedexceptone,sotheunwrappedeggbrokewhenithittheground.Thechildrenlaughed41．theysawtheresult.Wealsosawolderchildreninclass.TheyspokeEnglishquite42．(good)andfollowedtheclassroomrulescarefully.Althoughplaytimewasalsoincludedinthedailyschedule,somepeoplemightwonder43．suchearlylearningwouldputtoomuchpressureonyoungchildren.However,theclassroomswerecheerfulandthechildrenseemedtoenjoy44．.Watchingthesebilingualchildrenmademethinkaboutchildren'seducationina45．(difference)way.五、第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格信息，每空一词。Whenweshopatasupermarket,weoftenbuymorethanweneed.Thismaynotbeourfault—supermarketscontrolthewayweshop.Everydetailisplanned.Thewalkways,music,lights,andadvertisementsallencourageustospendmoremoney.Fromthemomentweenter,thedesignofasupermarketcontrolsthewayweexperiencethestore.Usually,thereisoneentranceandoneexit(出口).Fruits,vegetables,andbreadareneartheentrance.Freshvegetablesandthesmellofbreadmakethestoreappearfreshandattractive.Thismakesusfeelgoodandwanttobuymore.Inaddition,weoftenwalkthroughthewholestoretofindwhatweneed.Milkandeggsareusuallyattheback.Popularproductsareinthemiddle.Expensiveonesareateyelevelforeasyreach,whilecheapergoodsareonlowershelves,requiringustobenddown.Thepaymentareaisusuallyattheexit.Inthisway,weseemorefoodandspendmore.Supermarketsuseothermeanstoinfluenceshopping,too.Slowmusicmakespeopleshopmoreslowlyandspendmore.Inastudy,shoppersspent38%morewhenslowmusicwasplayedinsteadoffastmusic.Moststoresalsohavenoclocksorwindows,sowelosetrackoftimeandstaylonger.Sohowcanweavoidbuyingtoomuch?First,makeashoppinglistandonlybuywhatisonit.Second,shoplessoften—planmealsforseveraldaysandshoponceortwiceaweek.Lastly,donotshopwhenyouarehungry,becauseeverythinglooksdeliciousthen.AspectsDetails46．designFreshvegetablesandthesmellofbreadmakethestorelookfreshandattractive.ProductpositionsCheapergoodsareputonlowershelves,soshoppershaveto47．downtogetthem.ShoppingenvironmentWithoutclocksorwindows,shoppersmaylosetrackoftimeandstay48．.Smartshoppingtips•Makeashopping49．andbuyonlywhatyouneed.•Whenpeoplearehungry,everythinglooks50．.六、第四部分写作（满分25分）51．假设你是李华，请阅读这封来自笔友Paul的邮件，并根据信件内容给他回复。DearLiHua,How'sitgoing?Recently,Ijoinedanafter-schoolbasketballclubbecauseIthoughtitwouldbeexciting.Atfirst,Iwasreallyinterestedinitandwenttoeverypractice.However,afterafewweeks,IfounditharderthanIexpected,andsometimesIevenfelttiredandbored.DoyouthinkitisOKtostopanactivityifyounolongerenjoyit?I'mreallyinterestedinhearingyouropinion.Couldyoutellmewhatyouthinkandgivesomereasons?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,Paul注意：1.邮件中必须回应Paul的问题；2.须表达你的观点，并至少给出两条理由；3.词数100左右；4.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPaul,I'mgladtohearfromyou._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．C3．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则英国趣味家庭旅游展的活动海报，介绍了展会的举办时间、地点、规模、开放时段、门票及年龄规定、收费特色活动、免费游玩项目，还有交通出行与配套服务、预订网址等相关信息，方便家庭游客前往参与。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节理解题时首先要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚全可以从文章的原句中直接找到权对文章的细节设计的。1．细节理解题。根据原文Location部分It'seasytogettherebybus,trainorcar.可知这个活动地点交通便利、很容易到达。B选项：活动时间是3月21日至22日，是两天不是一天；C选项：有成人票、家庭票，面向全家不是只针对儿童；D选项：只说明在伦敦阿里安兹公园，未提及伦敦市中心。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据原文Specialrule:Youmustbe8oroldertodothezipline.可知必须年满8岁及以上才能玩高空滑索。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据原文FreeActivities列表里包含Facepainting（脸部彩绘），游客可以体验。A公交游览、B参观科学实验室、D观看足球比赛，文中均未提及。故选C。【答案】4．D5．C6．C7．D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了少年环保倡导者萨加里卡・斯里拉姆的故事。她10岁时读到海洋动物因污染受害的新闻后，主动参加环保清理活动；后来创立线上平台聚集全球青少年应对气候变化，平台面向8至16岁孩子传授居家和社区环保做法。身处沙漠城市的她深知环保行动的重要性，既重视日常微小环保行为，也有着升学和持续推广环保事业的远大规划，立志带动更多人守护绿色地球。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段："SagarikaSriramwasjust10whenshereadnewspaperstoriesabouttheplanetintrouble...Sheknewshehadtoact,soshejoinedcleanupactivitiesinDubai."可知，是阅读到受伤害动物的新闻让她决定参加清理活动。A、B、C均不是促使她做出决定的原因。故选D。5．词义猜测题。根据第二段画线短语后文helpingthingsmoveintherightdirectionandleadingtobiggerchanges可知，"rippleeffect"涟漪效应指小小的举动会引发更大的改变。与C项"引发更大变化的一步"相符。故选C。6．主旨大意题。根据第三段主要介绍Sagarika创立的平台面向8—16岁儿童，教他们在家和社区做环保的方法，她也希望学校开设的环保课程，可知核心是给孩子普及环保相关知识与行动课程。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据Sagarika年少主动参与环保活动、创立公益平台，自身积极行动；同时还希望鼓励更多人为绿色地球努力，可知体现出积极主动（active）、乐于鼓舞他人的特质（encouraging），对应Activeandencouraging。故选D。【答案】8．A9．D10．D11．B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了习惯的形成、特点和影响。习惯是日常生活中反复做的事，多从小养成，孩子通过模仿身边人尤其是父母形成习惯；人在成长过程中，儿童、青少年、成人的习惯会不断变化，有些儿时坏习惯会消失，成年人会克制公共场合不礼貌的行为，还会刻意培养健康习惯；青少年独立后也会养成新习惯，坏习惯一旦形成后期很难改变；最后点明坚持健康的日常行为，能帮我们养成好习惯、拥有更幸福健康的生活。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读整段，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8．细节理解题。根据第一段中"Asbabiesandchildren,welearnbywatchingpeoplearoundus,especiallyourparents."，可知，习惯通常是通过观察他人养成的。故选A。9．主旨大意题。根据文章分别列举儿童、青少年、成年人不同阶段的习惯表现：孩童习惯会随长大消失、成人习惯会转变表达方式、青少年会养成新习惯，可知整体说明习惯会随着人的成长而发生变化。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中"Oncepeoplerepeattheseactions,theyslowlybecomepartofdailylife."和第五段中"Ifabadhabitappears,itmaybecomehardertochangelater."，行为不断重复就会融入日常生活，慢慢固化；坏习惯一旦形成，后期就很难改变，可知反复做会让习惯变得根深蒂固、更难改变。故选D。11．细节理解题根据第四段中"Oncepeoplerepeattheseactions,theyslowlybecomepartofdailylife."以及最后一段"Bypracticinghealthybehaviorseveryday,wecanbuildhabitsthatmakeourliveshappierandhealthier."，可知，坚持践行健康的日常行为，能帮助人们养成好习惯。故选B。【答案】12．B13．B14．A15．D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文，讲述科学家通过实验发现狗狗不仅能靠外形区分玩具，还能依据玩具的用途进行归类辨别；实验选用边境牧羊犬在家中开展，证明狗狗能快速记住玩具用途并长期留存记忆，研究下一步还将探索狗狗能否自行推断物品用途。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。12．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句："Scientistshavefoundthatsomedogscantellthedifferencebetweentoysbywhattheydo,notjustbyhowtheylook."以及末段实验结论狗狗能按用途给物品归类，可知科学家发现狗狗能按用途给玩具分类。"Theycangrouptoysbytheiruse."与原文意思一致。A错（不是只靠外形）；C错（不是学人类技能）；D错（不是熟练使用陌生玩具）。故选B。13．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句："Thenthedogsgotanewthrowtoyandanewpulltoytoplaywith,buttheownersdidn'tsaythewordsoutloud."以及后文"Theexperimentshowstheycannameatoyorthingintheirmindsbywhatitisusedfor."，给狗狗全新的拉扯、投掷类玩具，主人不再口头提示，让狗狗自主挑选对应用途的玩具，可知目的是检验狗狗的自主选择和辨别能力。"Tocheckdogs'choices."符合实验目的。A、C、D均不符合实验目的。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段ClaudiaFugazza的话：dogslearnthenamesofthingsreallyfastandtheyrememberthemforalongperiod,evenwithoutrepeatingthem，可知狗狗很有天赋，擅长学习物品名称。"Theyweretalentedwordlearners."与原文意思一致。B和原文不用重复练习相悖；C、D原文无依据。故选A。15．主旨大意题。全文围绕一项新研究展开，核心是狗狗拥有出人意料的、按用途辨别玩具的能力。"DogsandTheirSurprisingToySkills"最能概括文章主旨。"NewToysTestCleverDogs"过于具体；"BorderColliesDoBetteratHome"偏离主题；"WhyDogsLearnNamesSoFast"只是文章的一个细节。A、B只涉及实验细节，片面；C只侧重记名字，不能概括全文。故选D。【答案】16．B；17．E；18．A；19．D；20．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主题为说谎背后的真相。先借助匹诺曹、华盛顿的故事告诉孩子诚实可贵，接着分析人们说谎的两大原因：掩盖错误、逃避不想面对的处境；还介绍了善意的谎言及其积极意义，最后总结：说谎有好坏不同缘由，为和睦而善意说谎有积极作用，但为逃避麻烦说谎终会惹来更多麻烦。

A.Peoplelietoavoiddifficulties.人们说谎是为了逃避困境。

B.Butpeoplestilllieformanyreasons.但人们仍然会因为很多理由说谎。

C.Lyingtokeepthepeacecanhavepositiveresults.为和睦相处而说谎会产生积极的效果。

D.Theseliesarenotbadandhelpkeepgoodrelationships.这类谎言并无恶意，有助于维持良好人际关系。

E.However,peopledon'thavethecouragetosaytheyarewrong.然而，人们没有勇气承认自己的错误。

F.Lyingcansometimesmakepeoplefeelbetteraboutthemselves.说谎有时能让人们自我感觉更好。【点评】六选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。16．根据上文这些故事都教育孩子诚实至上，下文开始介绍人们说谎的各种原因，可知此处表转折过渡，引出下文说谎的理由，B项"但人们仍因多种原因说谎"承上启下，衔接自然。故选B。17．根据上文每个人偶尔都会犯错，下文举例学生撒谎逃避麻烦，可知此处承接说明人们犯错后没有勇气承认错误，才选择说谎，E项"然而，人们没有勇气承认自己的错误"解释了说谎隐藏错误的核心原因，衔接前后。故选E。18．根据本段主旨人们说谎是为了逃离不想应对的处境，又举例经理找借口推脱会议，可知此处总结这类说谎是为了逃避困境，A项"人们说谎是为了逃避困难"是对该段内容的概括，符合语境。故选A。19．根据上文举例对朋友难看的发型说善意的谎话，可知此处承接说明这种善意谎言没有坏处，还能维系人际关系，D项"这些谎言并无坏处，有助于维持良好的关系"解释了善意谎言的意义，符合文意。故选D。20．根据上文说谎有好坏多种原因，下文转折说逃避麻烦的说谎会带来更多麻烦，可知此处先讲善意谎言的积极作用，前后形成对比，C项"为维持和平而说谎能产生积极效果"承接前文"善意的谎言"，与后文形成对比。故选C。【答案】21．B；22．B；23．C；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．A；29．B；30．A；31．A；32．C；33．D；34．B；35．C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了来自巴西贫困地区的11岁女孩Rebecca热爱足球，尽管一开始不被妈妈看好、男生也不愿和她踢球，但她凭借实力获得认可，加入女子足球队并努力训练，最终赢得比赛。足球改变了她的生活，让她更加自信，也让她树立了成为职业球员的梦想。（1）句意：我来自巴西，但我家住在一个贫困地区，生活并不容易。后一句"lifeisn'teasy"（生活不易）直接提示这里经济条件不好，所以是poor贫穷的。busy忙碌的、modern现代的、beautiful美丽的均无法对应"生活艰难"。【(2)题详解】句意：但足球一直是我生活中最光明的部分。前文生活艰难，后文讲足球带来快乐和改变，形成对比，所以是brightest（最光明的、最美好的）。hardest最艰难的、strangest最奇怪的、safest最安全的均不符合语境。（3）句意：它改变了我的生活。全文讲述足球让她从普通女孩变得自信、有梦想，所以是changed（改变）。touched触动、improved改善、continued继续，不如changed准确。【(4)题详解】句意：我爸爸希望我哥哥成为一名职业足球运动员，但是他并不喜欢训练。professionalfootballplayer是固定搭配，意为"职业足球运动员"。patient（耐心的）、polite有礼貌的、careful认真的，均与职业身份无关。【(5)题详解】句意：踢球时我很开心，忘记了所有烦恼。生活不易，有各种压力和烦恼，踢球能让人忘记烦恼，worries（烦恼）符合语境。fears恐惧、doubts怀疑、questions问题，均不符合。【(6)题详解】句意：我妈妈说："足球不是女孩子玩的。"后文出现"footballteamjustforgirls"（女子足球队）以及男生不愿和她踢球，都说明妈妈认为足球属于男孩，不适合女孩。【(7)题详解】句意：一开始学校男生不想和我踢，但看到我很厉害后，他们邀请我加入他们的队。看到实力强后态度变好，应该是invited（邀请）。warned警告、pushed推、forced强迫，均为负面含义，不符合语境。【(8)题详解】句意：她们正在为三月的比赛训练。比赛前需要训练，betrainingforacompetition意为"为比赛训练"，所以选training。leaving离开、calling打电话、searching寻找，均不合适。【(9)题详解】句意：我真的很想加入她们，所以我满怀希望地抓住了这个机会。jointhem表示"加入她们的队伍"，符合她想踢球的愿望。support支持、meet遇见、watch观看，均不符合。【(10)题详解】句意：我真的很想加入她们，所以我满怀希望地抓住了这个机会。她非常渴望进入球队，因此是hopefully（满怀希望地）。openly公开地、luckily幸运地、suddenly突然地，均不匹配心情。【(11)题详解】句意：我妈妈仍然觉得足球是男孩的活动，但是她没有再多说什么。football是一项activity（活动）。choice选择、lesson课程、habit习惯，均不符合。【(12)题详解】句意：我爸爸和哥哥六个月里每天陪我训练。为比赛做准备，需要practiced（训练）。played玩、travelled旅行、stayed停留，均不符合。【(13)题详解】句意：当听到我的名字时，我跳起来高兴地大喊。成功入选，心情是喜悦，shoutwithjoy意为"欢呼"，符合语境。surprise惊讶、pride骄傲、wonder惊奇，均不如joy准确。【(14)题详解】句意：三月我们队去了里约热内卢，赢得了比赛。后文讲她变得更自信、收获友谊，说明比赛结果是胜利，所以是won（赢得）。entered参加、missed错过、planned计划，均不符合。【(15)题详解】句意：从那以后，我交了很多新朋友，也变得更加自信。足球让她敢于追梦、展现自己，所以是confident（自信的）。active活跃的、popular受欢迎的、independent独立的，均不是文章重点强调的变化。21．句意：我来自巴西，但我家住在一个贫困地区，生活并不容易。后一句"lifeisn'teasy"（生活不易）直接提示这里经济条件不好，所以是poor贫穷的。busy忙碌的、modern现代的、beautiful美丽的均无法对应"生活艰难"。22．句意：但足球一直是我生活中最光明的部分。前文生活艰难，后文讲足球带来快乐和改变，形成对比，所以是brightest（最光明的、最美好的）。hardest最艰难的、strangest最奇怪的、safest最安全的均不符合语境。23．句意：它改变了我的生活。全文讲述足球让她从普通女孩变得自信、有梦想，所以是changed（改变）。touched触动、improved改善、continued继续，不如changed准确。24．句意：我爸爸希望我哥哥成为一名职业足球运动员，但是他并不喜欢训练。professionalfootballplayer是固定搭配，意为"职业足球运动员"。patient（耐心的）、polite有礼貌的、careful认真的，均与职业身份无关。25．句意：踢球时我很开心，忘记了所有烦恼。生活不易，有各种压力和烦恼，踢球能让人忘记烦恼，worries（烦恼）符合语境。fears恐惧、doubts怀疑、questions问题，均不符合。26．句意：我妈妈说："足球不是女孩子玩的。"后文出现"footballteamjustforgirls"（女子足球队）以及男生不愿和她踢球，都说明妈妈认为足球属于男孩，不适合女孩。27．句意：一开始学校男生不想和我踢，但看到我很厉害后，他们邀请我加入他们的队。看到实力强后态度变好，应该是invited（邀请）。warned警告、pushed推、forced强迫，均为负面含义，不符合语境。28．句意：她们正在为三月的比赛训练。比赛前需要训练，betrainingforacompetition意为"为比赛训练"，所以选training。leaving离开、calling打电话、searching寻找，均不合适。29．句意：我真的很想加入她们，所以我满怀希望地抓住了这个机会。jointhem表示"加入她们的队伍"，符合她想踢球的愿望。support支持、meet遇见、watch观看，均不符合。30．句意：我真的很想加入她们，所以我满怀希望地抓住了这个机会。她非常渴望进入球队，因此是hopefully（满怀希望地）。openly公开地、luckily幸运地、suddenly突然地，均不匹配心情。31．句意：我妈妈仍然觉得足球是男孩的活动，但是她没有再多说什么。football是一项activity（活动）。choice选择、lesson课程、habit习惯，均不符合。32．句意：我爸爸和哥哥六个月里每天陪我训练。为比赛做准备，需要practiced（训练）。played玩、travelled旅行、stayed停留，均不符合。33．句意：当听到我的名字时，我跳起来高兴地大喊。成功入选，心情是喜悦，shoutwithjoy意为"欢呼"，符合语境。surprise惊讶、pride骄傲、wonder惊奇，均不如joy准确。34．句意：三月我们队去了里约热内卢，赢得了比赛。后文讲她变得更自信、收获友谊，说明比赛结果是胜利，所以是won（赢得）。entered参加、missed错过、planned计划，均不符合。35．句意：从那以后，我交了很多新朋友，也变得更加自信。足球让她敢于追梦、展现自己，所以是confident（自信的）。active活跃的、popular受欢迎的、independent独立的，均不是文章重点强调的变化。【答案】36．isseen；37．and；38．tolearn；39．a；40．height；41．when；42．well；43．if；44．themselves；45．different【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述作者和同学参观上海一所双语幼儿园，看到两三岁幼儿就能用英语问答、参与课堂故事和趣味实验活动，大一点的孩子英语也说得很流利；同时引发思考：过早的双语学习是否会给幼儿带来过大压力，而孩子们实际乐在其中，也让作者以不一样的角度思考儿童教育。【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。36．句意：在许多地方，英语被视为未来教育的重要部分。根据主语English和动词see是被动关系，beseenas意为"被看作、被认为"；陈述客观事实用一般现在时，可知此处用一般现在时的被动。主语为单数，故填isseen。37．句意：他们能用英语回答关于星期和月份的简单问题，这让我们感到非常惊讶。根据前句讲两岁孩子能用英语回答简单问题，后句说这让