山东省泰安市新泰市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省泰安市新泰市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AForits2024GlobalAIStudentSurvey,theDigitalEducationGroupgathered3,839responsesfromundergraduate,graduate,PhDstudentsacross16countries.Thestudentsrepresentedmanyfieldsofstudy.Onaverage,surveyedstudentsuse2.1AItoolsfortheircourses.ChatGPTremainsthemostcommontoolused,mentionedby66%ofrespondents,followedbyGrammarlyandMicrosoftCopilot(each25%).Herearemostcommonusecases:DespitetheirwideuseofAItools,studentswerenotconfidentabouttheirAIknowledge,thesurveyfound.Fifty-eightpercentofstudentsreportedfeelingthattheydonothaveenoughAIknowledgeandskills,and48%feltpoorlypreparedforAI-relatedwork.Notably,80%ofsurveyedstudentssaidtheiruniversity’sadoptionofAItoolsdoesnotfullymeettheirneeds.Students’topAIneedsincluded:●UniversitiesshouldprovidetrainingforbothteachersandstudentsontheeffectiveuseofAItools(saidby73%ofteachersand72%ofstudents);●UniversitiesshouldoffermorecoursesonAIknowledge(72%);●UniversitiesshouldincludestudentsinchoosingwhichAItoolstouse(71%);●UniversitiesshouldincreasetheuseofAIinteachingandlearning(59%).“WithAIbeingusedmorewidely,universitiesmustnowtreatitasabasicpartofeducation,notjustatool,”saidAlessandroDiLullo,headoftheDigitalEducationGroupandanAIexpertatTheUniversityofHongKong.Atthesametime,hesaid,“universitiesneedtoconsiderhowtoeffectivelyimproveAIskillstoequipbothstudentsandacademicswiththeskillstosucceedinanAI-drivenworld.”1.WhatisthemostcommonuseofAIamongstudents?A.Searchforinformation. B.Checkgrammar.C.Summarizedocuments. D.Createafirstdraft.2.WhatworriesmoststudentswhenusingAItools?A.TheydonotuseAItoolsenough. B.TheyarenotreadyforjobsthatneedAIskills.C.TheydonotknowenoughaboutAI. D.UniversitiesdonotuseAIeffectivelyinteaching.3.WhatdoesAlessandroDiLulloemphasizeregardingAIineducation?A.ReducingAIadoptioninacademicsettings.B.ImprovingAIskillsforstudentsandteachers.C.FocusingonAIasanadditionaltoolforteaching.D.BalancingAIusewithtraditionaleducationaltools.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍2024年全球AI学生调查结果，显示学生平均使用2.1款AI工具（ChatGPT最常用），但普遍缺乏AI知识与技能，呼吁大学提供相关培训、课程等以满足需求。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中“Searchforinformation(搜索信息)”最高为69%，可知，学生中使用人工智能最常见的用途是查找信息。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Fifty-eightpercentofstudentsreportedfeelingthattheydonothaveenoughAIknowledgeandskills,and48%feltpoorlypreparedforAI-relatedwork.(58%的学生表示他们觉得自己在人工智能方面的知识和技能不足，而48%的学生则认为自己在与人工智能相关的工作方面准备不足)”可知，他们对人工智能了解不够。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Atthesametime,hesaid,“universitiesneedtoconsiderhowtoeffectivelyimproveAIskillstoequipbothstudentsandacademicswiththeskillstosucceedinanAI-drivenworld.”(同时，他说道：“大学需要思考如何有效地提升学生的AI技能，以便让师生们具备在人工智能驱动的世界中取得成功的必备技能。”)”可知，亚历山德罗·迪卢洛在谈到教育中的人工智能时强调了提升学生和教师的AI技能。故选B。BIusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveImetacourteoushumanbeinginthismoderneraoftheso-calledGenerationX.Recently,Ihadtochangemythinking,whenIcamefacetofacewithjustsuchahumanbeing.Ihadgonetoafashionablecoffeeplace,withtwoofmygrown-updaughters.Theplacewascrowdedwiththeusualloudcrowdandwehadtoclimbasteepflightofstairsinordertofindanemptytable.Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewerewalkingdownthesteepstairs,wherethenarrowspacemadeclimbingdownonlypossibleinasinglefile,withhardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporcomedown.JustasIwasinthemiddleofthestaircase,agentlemanenteredthemainentranceoftherestaurantwhichwasrightinfrontofthestaircase.IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismanwhowouldwanttogoupinahurry.IkeptcomingdownasfastasIcould,holdingontothebanister(扶手),inspiteofmyadvancedyears.Mydaughterswerealreadydown,lookingupatmeworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedupthestairs,knowingIwasanervoussort.Nearlyreachingthem,Inoticedthemanstillstandingnearthedoor.Ireachedmydaughtersandpassedthestrangerattheentrancedoorwhichhekeptholdingopen.Ilookedbackthinkinghewasstillatthedoor,decidingwhethertogoinorfindanotherlesscrowdedplace.Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.Itoldmydaughtersaboutitandallthreeofusfeltbadthatwedidnoteventhankthecourteousgentlemanwhowasactuallyholdingthedooropenforusladiestopassthrough.Weadmiredhiskindnessforboth,waitingforustocomedownbeforegoinguphimselfandalsoholdingthemainentrancedooropenforustogoout.Todate,IstillrememberthisgentlemanandpraytoGodtomakemorehumanbeingslikehim.4.Beforeshemetthemanintherestaurant,theauthorhadthought________.A.shedidn’tbelongtotheGenerationXB.therewerefewpolitepeopleinthemodernsocietyC.havingcoffeeinafancycaféwasnothercupofteaD.humanbeingswereborncourteous5.Inparagraph2,theunderlinedphrase“inasinglefile”meansthat________.A.walkingoneafteranotherinaline B.movingslowlytoavoidslippingC.walkingcarefullywithafileinhand D.movinginpairsdownthestaircase6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Theauthorwasaladyinherearlythirties.B.Theauthortendedtofeelnervousinsomestressfulsituations.C.Themanprobablyknewoneoftheauthor’sdaughters.D.Themanwasunsurewhethertogointhecaféornot.7.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Strangeencounteratafancycoffeeshop B.AnarrowEscapeontheStairsC.AManofMysteryandManners D.AnUnexpectedLessonincourtesy【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者原本认为现代社会缺乏礼貌，但一次在拥挤咖啡店的经历中，一位绅士的体贴行为让她改变了看法，并希望更多人能像这位绅士一样彬彬有礼。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Iusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveImetacourteoushumanbeinginthismoderneraoftheso-calledGenerationX.(我曾以为礼貌已成为过去式。在这个所谓的X世代的现代社会里，我很少遇到有礼貌的人。)”可知，作者在遇到餐厅里的男士前，认为现代社会中礼貌的人很少。故选B项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewerewalkingdownthesteepstairs,wherethenarrowspace(享用完咖啡和点心后，我们走下陡峭的楼梯，那里狭窄的空间)”和下文“withhardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporcomedown.(几乎没有空间让另一个人爬上去或下来)”可知，楼梯陡峭，且空间狭窄，因此一次只能走一个人，画线部分inasinglefile指“楼梯太窄，一次只能容纳一个人”。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Mydaughterswerealreadydown,lookingupatmeworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedupthestairs,knowingIwasanervoussort.(我的女儿们已经下楼了，担忧地抬头看着我，她们知道我是个容易紧张的人，所以希望我能在陌生人上楼前走到她们身边。)”可知，作者在有压力的情况下容易紧张。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Iusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveImetacourteoushumanbeinginthismoderneraoftheso-calledGenerationX.(我曾以为礼貌已成为过去式。在这个所谓的X世代的现代社会里，我很少遇到有礼貌的人。)”以及下文可知，文章开篇作者认为现代社会缺乏礼貌，后因在咖啡馆遇到一位有礼貌的男士——他主动等作者一行人下楼再上楼，还为她们扶门——改变了原有看法。D项“一次意外的礼貌教育”符合主题，适合用作标题。故选D项。CResearchersfromNorthwesternUniversityandtheChicagoBotanicGardenwillstudythecarboncapture(碳捕获)effectsofsoiladditivesonagriculturalfields.Fortheworldtomeettheglobalaveragetemperaturegoalssetforthinthe2015ParisAgreement,weneedtoactivelydecreasecarbonemissions(排放).EarthandplanetarysciencesprofessorAndyJacobsonsuggestsEarthsciencecanhelpitandthatonepossiblewayistocaptureatmosphericcarbondioxide(CO2)andlockitawayforafewthousandyears.ThechemicalweatheringofrocksisanaturalphenomenonthattransformsatmosphericCO2intoastablemineralform.WhenCO2dissolvesinwater,itcreatesasubstancethatcanbreakdownrocks.ThistransformationreleaseselementsfromcertainrocksandchangesCO2intoastableform.Overtime,theseelementscombinetoformmineralsthatarethebuildingblocksofmanynaturalstructuresandrocks.Thistransformationhelpstolockcarboninasolidform,whichplaysanimportantpartinstabilizingEarth’sclimateoverthelongterm.“Overmuchshorterhumantimescales,thisstableformofCO2actsasasinkforatmosphericCO2,”saysJacobson.Canwespeeduptheweatheringprocessandactivelyremovecarbonfromtheatmosphereatratesfastenoughtohelpreducetheimpactofmodernclimatechange?Enhancedrockweatheringwasproposedasastrategyofdecreasingcarbonemissionsdecadesagobutonlyrecentlygainedinterest.Anarticleina2020magazineestimatedthatenhancedweatheringcouldremoveupto2billiontonsofCO2annuallyfromtheatmosphereby2050.Jacobsonisleadingateamofresearcherstoinvestigatethisnegativeemissionstechnology.Inaseriesofexperimentalsystemsthatsimulatenaturalconditionsatthegarden,researcherswilltesttheeffectsfromaddingdifferenttypesofrocktosoilsusedtogrowvariouscrops.Thesoiladditiveswillincludeavolcanicrockthatchemicallyweathersfasterthanotherrocksandminerals,potentiallyspeedingupCO2captureandstorage.8.WhatdoesJacobsonstressaboutEarthscienceinparagraph2?A.Itsscientificoriginasaprinciple. B.Itspresentlimitationsincarboncapture.C.Itspotentialroleinachievingclimategoals. D.Itslogicalaccuracyintemperatureprediction.9.Whatismainlydiscussedinparagraph3concerningrocks?A.Theirnaturalstructures. B.Thereasonsfortheirformation.C.Theprocessoftheirweathering. D.Theirstablechemicalcomposition.10.Whatisthemainfunctionofthequestioninparagraph4?A.Tointroducethefollowingsolution. B.Todoubtthecontentofamagazine.C.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraph. D.Toshowthefastrateofclimatechange.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.IsFarmingtheKeytoCarbonCapture?B.CanHumansStabilizetheClimateofEarth?C.WhatIstheChemicalWeatheringofrocks?D.HowDoCarbonEmissionsSpeedupGlobalWarming?【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西北大学和芝加哥植物园的研究人员通过研究土壤添加剂（尤其是增强岩石风化）对农田碳捕获的影响，探索利用地球科学手段实现气候目标的可能性。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fortheworldtomeettheglobalaveragetemperaturegoalssetforthinthe2015ParisAgreement,weneedtoactivelydecreasecarbonemissions(排放).EarthandplanetarysciencesprofessorAndyJacobsonsuggestsEarthsciencecanhelpitandthatonepossiblewayistocaptureatmosphericcarbondioxide(CO2)andlockitawayforafewthousandyears.(要实现2015年《巴黎协定》设定的全球平均气温目标，全球需积极减少碳排放。地球与行星科学教授安迪・雅各布森提出，地球科学可为此提供助力，其中一种可行方案是捕获大气中的二氧化碳，并将其封存数千年。)”可知，Jacobson强调地球科学在实现气候目标中具有潜在作用。故选C项。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“ThechemicalweatheringofrocksisanaturalphenomenonthattransformsatmosphericCO2intoastablemineralform.WhenCO2dissolvesinwater,itcreatesasubstancethatcanbreakdownrocks.ThistransformationreleaseselementsfromcertainrocksandchangesCO2intoastableform.Overtime,theseelementscombinetoformmineralsthatarethebuildingblocksofmanynaturalstructuresandrocks.Thistransformationhelpstolockcarboninasolidform,whichplaysanimportantpartinstabilizingEarth’sclimateoverthelongterm.(岩石的化学风化是一种自然现象，能将大气中的二氧化碳转化为稳定的矿物形态。二氧化碳溶于水后会形成一种可分解岩石的物质，这一转化过程会从特定岩石中释放出元素，并将二氧化碳转化为稳定形态。久而久之，这些元素会结合形成矿物，而这些矿物是许多自然构造和岩石的基本组成部分。这种转化有助于将碳锁定在固态形式中，对长期稳定地球气候起着重要作用。)”可知，该段主要围绕岩石的化学风化过程展开，介绍了其如何将大气中的二氧化碳转化为稳定的矿物形式。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Canwespeeduptheweatheringprocessandactivelyremovecarbonfromtheatmosphereatratesfastenoughtohelpreducetheimpactofmodernclimatechange?(我们能否加速风化过程，并以足够快的速度主动从大气中清除碳，从而帮助减轻现代气候变化的影响？)”以及第五段开头“Enhancedrockweatheringwasproposedasastrategyofdecreasingcarbonemissionsdecadesagobutonlyrecentlygainedinterest.(几十年前，增强岩石风化就被提出作为减少碳排放的策略，但直到最近才引起人们的关注。)”可知，第四段的问题提出了“能否加速岩石风化以快速固碳”的疑问，而第五段随即介绍了“增强岩石风化”这一策略，由此可判断该问题的主要作用是引出后续的解决方案。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ResearchersfromNorthwesternUniversityandtheChicagoBotanicGardenwillstudythecarboncapture(碳捕获)effectsofsoiladditivesonagriculturalfields.(来自西北大学和芝加哥植物园的研究人员将研究土壤添加剂在农田中的碳捕获效果。)”可知，文章开篇点明研究主题，探究土壤添加剂（岩石）对农田的碳捕获效果，结合全文内容可知，随后围绕岩石风化固碳原理、增强岩石风化技术及研究计划展开。A选项“农业是碳捕获的关键吗？”既体现了研究的应用场景（农田/农业），又点出核心主题（碳捕获），符合文章主旨。故选A项。DSatellitesareincreasinglyaglobal-communicationslifeline,allowingpeopleinremoteareastomakephonecallsandgetonline.ServicessuchasSpaceX’sStarlink,byfarthelargestofthenetworksoftelecommunicationssatellitesinlowEarthorbit,havebeenincreasingrapidlyduringthepastdecade.Thissuccesscomesatacost.Asthingsstand,mostsatellitesaresingle-useproductswithlifetimeof15yearsorless.Moreover,spacedebris(垃圾),whichmaycausedamagetospacecraft,isagrowingproblem.TherapidincreaseinsatellitesraiseskeyquestionsaboutwhetherhumanitycouldorshouldlittertheenvironmentaroundEarth.Astronomersareraisingtheirvoiceinthisdebate.Researcherspointingtheirtelescopesatstarsareincreasinglyfindingtheirobservationsruinedbylightstreaks(光条纹)fromsatellitesflyingoverhead.Inthepastfiveyears,someastronomersandsatelliteoperatorshavecooperatedtopreserve“darkandquietskies”.Thiscouldinvolvechangingasatellite’sdesigntomakeitlessbrightororganizingactivitiessothatastronomerscanpointtheirtelescopestoregionswheresatellitesaren’tflyingatanygivenmoment.Beyondconflictswithastronomers’observations,discussionsaboutthefutureofsatellitesneedtoincludevoicesofIndigenous(本土的)peoples,manyofwhomhaveimportantconnectiontothenightskybuthavelongbeenexcludedfromdecision-makingandeconomicpowerinouterspace.InternationaldiscussionsneedtorecognizetherightsofIndigenouspeoplesinspaceaswellasonEarth,saysastronomerHildingNeilson.Theskiesareaglobalresource,sharedbyallhumanity,anditiscrucialthatdecisionsaboutitsuseconsidertheneedsofallaffectedparties.Satelliteconnectivityremainsessentialformanypeople,includingIndigenouscommunitiesinremoteandunder-servedareas.Thisiswhytheconversationaboutastronomyandsatellitescannotbereducedto“satellitesarebadandwemustsavethenightskiesforastronomy”.12.Whatisthepublic’smajorconcernaboutthegrowingnumberofsatellites?A.Theymayposeathreattotheenvironment.B.Theycouldincreaseglobalcompetition.C.Theyaretoodifficulttomaintain.D.Theiroperationallifespanistooshort.13.Whydidsomeastronomersandsatelliteoperatorschoosetocooperate?A.Toprovideclearviewsfortelescopes.B.Todevelopnewadvancedtelescopes.C.Toidentifysaferorbitsforsatelliteoperation.D.Toboosttheglobalsatellitecommunicationnetwork.14.WhatisNeilson’ssuggestionconcerningIndigenouspeoples?A.Protecttheirtraditionalculturefromdisappearing.B.Expandtheirunderstandingofspace.C.Involvetheminspacedecisions.D.Improvetheiraccesstosatelliteservices.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Satellitedevelopmentneedsmoresupport.B.Satelliteconnectivity’sbenefitsremaintobeseen.C.Thereisanurgentneedtoexplorespaceresources.D.Satellitesandastronomymustfindwaystoco-exist.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了卫星数量增长带来的问题及应对措施。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TherapidincreaseinsatellitesraiseskeyquestionsaboutwhetherhumanitycouldorshouldlittertheenvironmentaroundEarth.(卫星数量的迅速增加引发了一个关键问题：人类是否能够或应该在地球周围的环境中乱扔垃圾)”可知，公众主要担心卫星数量的增长可能对环境构成威胁。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researcherspointingtheirtelescopesatstarsareincreasinglyfindingtheirobservationsruinedbylightstreaks(光条纹)fromsatellitesflyingoverhead.Inthepastfiveyears,someastronomersandsatelliteoperatorshavecooperatedtopreserve“darkandquietskies”.(研究人员用望远镜对准恒星时，越来越多地发现他们的观测被头顶上飞行的卫星发出的光条纹破坏了。在过去的五年里，一些天文学家和卫星运营商合作保护“黑暗宁静的天空”)”可知，一些天文学家和卫星运营商选择合作是为了给望远镜提供清晰的视野。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Beyondconflictswithastronomers’observations,discussionsaboutthefutureofsatellitesneedtoincludevoicesofIndigenous(本土的)peoples,manyofwhomhaveimportantconnectiontothenightskybuthavelongbeenexcludedfromdecision-makingandeconomicpowerinouterspace.InternationaldiscussionsneedtorecognizetherightsofIndigenouspeoplesinspaceaswellasonEarth,saysastronomerHildingNeilson.(除了与天文学家的观测发生冲突外，关于卫星未来的讨论还需要包括本土人民的声音，他们中的许多人与夜空有着重要的联系，但长期以来一直被排除在外层空间的决策和经济权力之外。天文学家HildingNeilson说，国际讨论需要承认本土人民在太空和地球上的权利)”可知，Neilson建议让本土人民参与太空决策。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theskiesareaglobalresource,sharedbyallhumanity,anditiscrucialthatdecisionsaboutitsuseconsidertheneedsofallaffectedparties.Satelliteconnectivityremainsessentialformanypeople,includingIndigenouscommunitiesinremoteandunder-servedareas.Thisiswhytheconversationaboutastronomyandsatellitescannotbereducedto“satellitesarebadandwemustsavethenightskiesforastronomy”.(天空是一种全球资源，由全人类共享，关于其使用的决策必须考虑到所有受影响方的需求，这一点至关重要。卫星连接对许多人来说仍然至关重要，包括偏远和服务不足地区的本土社区。这就是为什么关于天文学和卫星的讨论不能简化为“卫星是坏的，我们必须为天文学拯救夜空”)”可推知，卫星和天文学必须找到共存的方法。故选D。第二节（共5小题,每小题2.5分,共12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhenIwasakid,mysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIwerenotallowedtosay“I’mbored.”___16___Ialwaysassumedmyparentsmadethisruletosparethemselvesfromhearinguscomplain,butnowIwonderifithaddeeperhistoricalroots.___17___Foralongtime,ithasbeenviewedasanunpleasant,evenwrongfeeling.Inancienttimes,ifsomeoneshowedthesignsofboredom,theywerewrongof“acedia,”afeelingofbeingapartthatwasseenasrudetotheworldanditscreator.Thegrowthoffactoriesandtime-savingdevicesonlystrengthenedourwishtousetimewell.___18___Manyparentstrytokeeptheirchildrenfromgettingbored,eithertostopcomplaintsorbecausetheythinkboredomwastesachancetogetahead.Noneoftheseattitudestowardboredomstrikemeashealthyorbeneficial.Weneedtomovepastourfearofboredomandstarttoseeitasanunavoidable,necessary,andevenadvantageousexperience.___19___Itisaveryunpleasant(andshort)statethatoftenpushesustotrynewideas.Whenwetakeawaychildren’sboredombygivingtheminstantandshallowactivities,wegreatlylowertheirchancesoflearningnewandchallengingthingswell.___20___Instead,weshouldtrustthatchildrenwillfindwaystoamusethemselves—andmaybeevenlearntoacceptboredomasagift,achancetothink,tocreate,todiscover.Aswelearntositwithboredom,wemayfindthatitisnotourenemybutourhelper,somethingweneedforalifeofmeaningandinvention.A.Boredom,atitsbest,bringscreativity.B.Asaculture,wehaveabadrelationshipwithboredom.C.Today,wecontinuetoviewboredomwithstrongdislike.D.Schoolsshouldaddmorecreativeclassestopreventboredom.E.Weshouldnotfilleveryminuteofourkids’dayswithactivities.F.Ifwewere,wewereinstantlygivenatask,sowelearnedtoavoidit.G.Moderntechnologyhasmadeboredomarareexperienceforchildren.【答案】16.F17.B18.C19.A20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人们对无聊的传统负面看法及历史根源，提出应正视无聊，将其视为有价值的体验，反对用活动填满孩子的时间。【16题详析】根据前文“WhenIwasakid,mysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIwerenotallowedtosay“I’mbored.”(我小时候，父母不允许我和兄弟姐妹说“我好无聊”。)”可知，空格处应说明违反这一规定的后果，F选项“Ifwewere,wewereinstantlygivenatask,sowelearnedtoavoidit.(如果我们说了，就会立刻被分配一个任务，所以我们学会了避免说这句话。)”中的“Ifwewere”对应前文的“notallowedtosay”，解释了“避免说”的原因，符合语境。故选F项。【17题详析】根据后文“Foralongtime,ithasbeenviewedasanunpleasant,evenwrongfeeling.(长期以来，它一直被视为一种令人不快甚至错误的感觉。)”中的“it”指代“boredom（无聊）”，且后文讲述了古代及工业时代人们对无聊的负面态度，B选项“Asaculture,wehaveabadrelationshipwithboredom.(作为一种文化，我们与无聊有着糟糕的关系。)”总领本段，概括了人们对无聊的负面认知，符合语境。故选B项。【18题详析】根据前文“Thegrowthoffactoriesandtime-savingdevicesonlystrengthenedourwishtousetimewell.(工厂的发展和省时设备的出现，进一步强化了我们合理利用时间的愿望。)”和后文“Manyparentstrytokeeptheirchildrenfromgettingbored,eithertostopcomplaintsorbecausetheythinkboredomwastesachancetogetahead.(许多父母试图让孩子避免无聊，要么是为了阻止他们抱怨，要么是因为他们认为无聊浪费了取得进步的机会。)”可知，空格处应衔接过去与现在对无聊的态度，C选项“Today,wecontinuetoviewboredomwithstrongdislike.(如今，我们仍然对无聊抱有强烈的反感。)”中的“continue”体现了态度的延续性，承接前文的历史态度，引出后文现代父母的做法，符合语境。故选C项。【19题详析】根据前文“Weneedtomovepastourfearofboredomandstarttoseeitasanunavoidable,necessary,andevenadvantageousexperience.(我们需要克服对无聊的恐惧，开始将其视为一种不可避免、必要甚至有益的体验。)”和后文“Itisaveryunpleasant(andshort)statethatoftenpushesustotrynewideas.(它是一种非常不愉快（且短暂）的状态，常常促使我们尝试新想法。)”可知，空格处应具体说明无聊的益处，A选项“Boredom,atitsbest,bringscreativity.(无聊在最佳状态下能带来创造力。)”中的“creativity”与后文“trynewideas”相呼应，点明了无聊的优势，符合语境。故选A项。【20题详析】根据后文“Instead,weshouldtrustthatchildrenwillfindwaystoamusethemselves—andmaybeevenlearntoacceptboredomasagift,achancetothink,tocreate,todiscover.(相反，我们应该相信孩子们会找到自娱自乐的方式——甚至可能学会接受无聊作为一份礼物，一个思考、创造、发现的机会。)”中的“Instead”可知，空格处应提出与后文相反的错误做法，E选项“Weshouldnotfilleveryminuteofourkids’dayswithactivities.(我们不应该把孩子的每一天都用活动填满。)”与后文“相信孩子能自娱自乐”形成对比，符合“Instead”所体现的转折关系，符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,共15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asastarinmyhighschoolteam,Iwasneverinterestedinteamsports,butIlovedtrack,confidentinmy____21____.Thiswasalwayspartofmypersonality:Iama(n)____22____;Idothingsmyway.Onedayinarelayrace,wewere____23____untilIfumbledthebatonpass(接棒失误).Welost.Ifelt____24____.Mycoachhandedmethebaton,sayingit’snotjustaboutspeedbutprecision,____25____,andknowing____26____whentogiveandtake.“Sometimes,themostpowerfulmoveisn’trunningfaster,but____27____smarter,”headded.I____28____myindividualstrengthmeansnothingifIcannotruninlinewithothers.I____29____thistomymarriage,adoptiondecision,andbusiness.Inowsometimescoachentrepreneurs.Inmanyentrepreneurs,I’veseena____30____ofmypastself:individuallyoriented,viewingsolohardworkasabadge(徽章)ofhonor.SoItellthempassingthebatonisastrategicskill,not____31____.Ionce____32____afounderstrugglingtoincreasesales.Hepassedgrowthstrategytomyagency,aforeigncompany,while____33____thestrengthsandcontrolofdevelopmentbyvirtueofhisteam’sowncapabilities.Withinhalfayear,theysawa120%increaseinquarterlyrevenue.Istillkeepthatbatonasa____34____.Mygreatestsuccessescomefromknowingwhenmyenergy,andhands-oninvolvementareneeded,andwhentopassiton—alessonIlove____35____.21.A.motion B.speed C.campaign D.behavior22.A.senior B.winner C.candidate D.individual23.A.boosting B.obtaining C.winning D.insisting24.A.tense B.relieved C.confused D.terrible25.A.approval B.trust C.integrity D.potential26.A.exactly B.barely C.simply D.basically27.A.transforming B.pretending C.passing D.swinging28.A.witnessed B.outlined C.appreciated D.cultivated29.A.contributed B.demonstrated C.adapted D.applied30.A.proof B.pursuit C.shadow D.debate31.A.weakness B.humor C.creation D.consumption32.A.partneredwith B.competedfor C.reliedon D.originatedfrom33.A.deserving B.maintaining C.dismissing D.mixing34.A.reminder B.cultivation C.objective D.reputation35.A.promoting B.sharing C.reviewing D.amusing【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.C29.D30.C31.A32.A33.B34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是作者本是高中校队明星，只热衷于田径、以自我为中心。一次接力赛接棒失误致队伍失败，教练点明团队合作中速度、精准、信任及配合的重要性。此后作者将此道理应用于婚姻、领养和事业中的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为高中校队的一位明星，我从来都对团队运动不感兴趣，但是我热爱田径，对自己的速度很有信心。A.motion动作；B.speed速度；C.campaign活动；D.behavior行为。根据前文“Ilovedtrack”可知，作者热爱田径，田径运动通常与速度相关，所以作者对自己的速度有信心，故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一直是我性格的一部分：我是个独行侠；我按自己的方式做事。A.senior长辈；B.winner获胜者；C.candidate候选人；D.individual个体。根据后文“Idothingsmyway”可知，作者按自己的方式做事，独立自主，说明作者是个独行侠，故选D。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天在接力赛中，我们一直赢着，直到我接棒失误。A.boosting促进；B.obtaining获得；C.winning赢，获胜；D.insisting坚持。根据后文“untilIfumbledthebatonpass”可知，直到作者接棒失误，说明在此之前作者所在的队伍是一直赢着的，故选C。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉很糟糕。A.tense紧张的；B.relieved宽慰的；C.confused困惑的；D.terrible糟糕的。根据前文“Welost.”可知，作者所在的队伍输了比赛，所以作者感觉很糟糕，故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的教练把接力棒递给我，说这不仅仅关乎速度，还关乎精准度、信任，以及知道何时给予和接受。A.approval批准；B.trust信任；C.integrity正直；D.potential潜力。根据后文“knowing”和“whentogiveandtake”可知，接力赛中需要知道何时给予和接受接力棒，这需要队员之间的信任，故选B。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的教练把接力棒递给我，说这不仅仅关乎速度，还关乎精准度、信任，以及确切地知道何时给予和接受。A.exactly确切地；B.barely几乎不；C.simply简单地；D.basically基本上。根据前文“knowing”以及后文“whentogiveandtake”可知，此处指确切地知道何时给予和接受接力棒，故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，最有力的举动不是跑得更快，而是传得更聪明。A.transforming转变；B.pretending假装；C.passing传递；D.swinging摇摆。根据前文“thebatonpass”可知，此处指接力赛中的传棒，故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，如果我不能与他人保持一致，我的个人力量就毫无意义。A.witnessed目睹；B.outlined概述；C.appreciated理解，明白；D.cultivated培养。根据后文“myindividualstrengthmeansnothingifIcannotruninlinewithothers”可知，作者意识到了与他人保持一致的重要性，空格处用appreciated，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它应用到了我的婚姻、领养决定和事业上。A.contributed贡献；B.demonstrated演示；C.adapted适应；D.applied应用。根据后文“thistomymarriage,adoptiondecision,andbusiness”可知，作者把接力赛中学到的道理应用到了生活的其他方面，故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在许多企业家身上，我看到了过去自己的影子：以自我为中心，把独自努力工作视为荣誉的徽章。A.proof证据；B.pursuit追求；C.shadow影子；D.debate辩论。根据后文“ofmypastself”以及“individuallyoriented”可知，作者在许多企业家身上看到了过去自己的影子，即以自我为中心，故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我告诉他们，传递接力棒是一种战略技能，而不是弱点。A.weakness弱点；B.humor幽默；C.creation创造；D.consumption消费。根据前文“passingthebatonisastrategicskill”以及转折词“not”可知，传递接力棒是一种战略技能，而不是弱点，故选A。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我曾经与一位努力增加销售额的创始人合作。A.partneredwith与……合作；B.competedfor竞争；C.reliedon依靠；D.originatedfrom起源于。根据后文“Hepassedgrowthstrategytomyagency,aforeigncompany”可知，这位创始人把增长策略交给了作者的公司，说明作者与这位创始人合作了，故选A。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把增长策略交给了我的机构，一家外国公司，同时凭借自己团队的能力维持开发的优势和控制权。A.deserving值得；B.maintaining维持；C.dismissing解散；D.mixing混合。根据后文“thestrengthsandcontrolofdevelopment”可知，创始人把策略外包给作者的公司，但凭借团队优势维持产品开发的优势和控制权，故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然保留着那根接力棒作为提醒。A.reminder提醒；B.cultivation培养；C.objective目标；D.reputation声誉。根据前文“Istillkeepthatbaton”以及后文“Mygreatestsuccessescomefromknowingwhenmyenergy,andhands-oninvolvementareneeded,andwhentopassiton”可知，作者保留着接力棒作为提醒，提醒自己何时需要投入精力和亲身参与，何时需要传递接力棒，故选A。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最大的成功来自于知道何时需要我的精力和亲身参与，以及何时传递接力棒——这是我喜欢分享的一课。A.promoting促进；B.sharing分享；C.reviewing回顾；D.amusing娱乐。根据前文“alesson”可知，此处指作者喜欢与他人分享这一课，故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PhotographerZangYi____36____(document)Nanchang’soldstreetssincehiscollegedays,bravelyclimbingrooftopstogetth