2026年重庆市专升本英语考试真题解析与深度解读

2026年重庆市专升本英语考试真题解析与深度解读SectionIVocabularyandStructure(20points)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweenurbanandruralareasintermsofeducationalresources.A.bridgeB.breakC.broadenD.build2.Itisessentialthateveryapplicant______theformbeforethedeadline.A.submitsB.submitC.willsubmitD.hassubmitted3.Thescientist'stheory,though______atfirst,waslaterproventobecorrect.A.controversialB.conventionalC.consistentD.conservative4.Notuntilhearrivedattheairport______hehadlefthispassportathome.A.herealizedB.didherealizeC.hehadrealizedD.hadherealized5.Thecompanyis______anewmarketingstrategytocopewiththefiercecompetition.A.workingoutB.workingonC.workingupD.workingoff6.______isknowntoall,Chinahasmaderemarkableachievementsinpovertyalleviation.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What7.Themanagerdemandedthatthereport______bytheendofthisweek.A.befinishedB.wasfinishedC.wouldbefinishedD.hadbeenfinished8.Theoldtemple,______fromtheMingDynasty,attractsthousandsofvisitorseveryyear.A.datedB.datingC.todateD.beingdated9.Themoreyoupractice,______youwillbecomeatusingthissoftware.A.themoreskillfulB.moreskillfulC.themostskillfulD.mostskillful10.HespokeinsuchalowvoicethatIcouldhardly______whathewassaying.A.makeoutB.makeupC.makeforD.makeoff11.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestoensurethe______offoodandmedicineduringtheholiday.A.sufficiencyB.efficiencyC.proficiencyD.deficiency12.IfI______you,Iwouldreconsidertheirproposalmorecarefully.A.amB.wasC.wereD.be13.Theprojectis______greatimportancetothelocaleconomicdevelopment.A.forB.ofC.withD.by14.Thenovelissaid______intomorethanthirtylanguagessofar.A.tobetranslatedB.tohavebeentranslatedC.beingtranslatedD.havingbeentranslated15.Hardly______thehousewhenitbegantorainheavily.A.weleftB.wehadleftC.hadweleftD.didweleave16.Thecommitteeiscomposedofexpertsfromvariousfields,______makesitsdecisionshighlyauthoritative.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what17.Shedevotedherselfentirelytoherresearch,______littleaboutherpersonallife.A.caringB.caredC.tocareD.beingcared18.Thedata______collectedneedstobeanalyzedbeforewedrawanyconclusion.A.hasbeenB.havingbeenC.wasD.being19.It'shightimethatwe______actiontoprotecttheenvironment.A.takeB.tookC.willtakeD.havetaken20.Thesuccessoftheeventwaslargelyduetothe______effortsofallthevolunteers.A.coordinateB.coordinatingC.coordinatedD.coordinationSectionIICloze(15points)Directions:Thereare15blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Theconceptof"smartcities"isbecomingincreasinglyprevalentworldwide.Itreferstourbanareasthatusedifferenttypesofelectronicmethodsandsensorstocollectdata.Insightsgainedfromthatdataareusedtomanageassets,resourcesandservices21;inturn,thatdataisusedtoimprovetheoperationsacrossthecity.ThecoreofasmartcityliesinitsuseofInformationandCommunicationTechnology(ICT)toenhancethequalityandperformanceofurbanservices.Thisincludes22areassuchastransportation,energydistribution,andwastemanagement.Thegoalistoreduceresourceconsumption,23costs,andimprovecontactbetweencitizensandgovernment.OnekeycomponentistheInternetofThings(IoT).IoTdevices,24fromstreetlightstowastebins,areembeddedwithsensorsandsoftware.Thesedevicescollectandexchangedatainreal-time,allowingcityofficialstomonitorand25urbansystemsefficiently.Forexample,smarttrafficlightscanadjusttheirtimingbasedonreal-timetrafficflow,26congestionandreducingcommutetimes.However,thedevelopmentofsmartcitiesisnot27challenges.Significantinvestmentsininfrastructurearerequired.Therearealsoconcernsaboutdataprivacyandsecurity.28vastamountsofpersonalandoperationaldataarecollected,robustcybersecuritymeasuresareessentialtopreventbreaches.29,thebenefitsarecompelling.Smartcitiespromiseamoresustainableandlivableenvironment.Theyaimtocreateanecosystemwheretechnologyanddataareleveragedtomakeurbanlivingmoreefficient,responsive,and30totheneedsofresidents.Lookingahead,theintegrationofartificialintelligence(AI)willfurtherrevolutionizesmartcities.AIcananalyzecomplexdatapatternstopredictandsolveurbanissues31theyescalate.Forinstance,itcanforecastenergydemandpeaksoridentifypotentialareasforinfrastructuremaintenancebeforefailuresoccur.Publicparticipationisalsocrucial.Citizensarenotjustpassiverecipientsbutactivecontributors.Throughmobileapps,theycanreportissueslikepotholesorfaultystreetlights,32thecity'sresponsiveness.Thiscollaborativeapproachfostersasenseofcommunityandsharedresponsibility.Inconclusion,thejourneytowardsmartcitiesisacontinuousprocessofinnovationandadaptation.Itrequiresabalancedapproachthat33technologicaladvancementwithsocial,economic,andethicalconsiderations.Whilethepathmaybecomplex,thepotentialtocreatemoreresilient,efficient,andhuman-centeredurbanspacesmakesitapursuit34undertaking.Astechnologyevolves,sotoowillourvisionofwhatacitycanandshouldbe,ultimatelyaimingforanurbanexperiencethatisnotonlysmarterbutalsomore35forallitsinhabitants.21.A.efficientlyB.efficientlyC.efficiencyD.efficient22.A.variableB.variedC.varietyD.various23.A.cutdownB.cutinC.cutoffD.cutout24.A.rangingB.rangingC.rangedD.torange25.A.manageB.managingC.managedD.management26.A.alleviatingB.alleviatedC.alleviateD.alleviates27.A.withB.withinC.withoutD.beyond28.A.AlthoughB.SinceC.UnlessD.Whereas29.A.DespiteB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Nevertheless30.A.sensitiveB.sensibleC.sensationalD.sentimental31.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.while32.A.enhancedB.enhancingC.enhanceD.enhances33.A.combinesB.combinedC.combiningD.combination34.A.worthB.worthyC.worthwhileD.worthless35.A.inclusiveB.exclusiveC.conclusiveD.elusiveSectionIIIReadingComprehension(40points)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswer.PassageOneThephenomenonof"slowtravel"isgainingmomentumasacounter-movementtothefast-paced,checklist-styletourismthathasdominatedfordecades.Unliketraditionaltourism,whichofteninvolvesrushingfromonefamouslandmarktoanother,slowtravelemphasizesdepthoverbreadth.Itencouragestravelerstoimmersethemselvesinthelocalculture,connectwithcommunities,andminimizetheirenvironmentalfootprint.Proponentsarguethatslowtravelleadstoamoreauthenticandmeaningfulexperience.Bystayinginoneplaceforalongerperiod,travelerscanlearntherhythmsofdailylife,pickupbitsofthelocallanguage,andformgenuineconnectionswithresidents.Thisapproachofteninvolveschoosinglocally-ownedaccommodations,eatingatneighborhoodrestaurants,andusingpublictransportationorwalkinginsteadofrentingcarsortakingflightsforshortdistances.Environmentally,slowtravelissignificantlylessdamaging.Amajorportionoftourism'scarbonfootprintcomesfromtransportation,particularlyairtravel.Bytravelinglessfrequentlybutforlongerdurations,andbyfavoringgroundtransportation,slowtravelersdrasticallyreducetheirper-tripemissions.Furthermore,theirspendingtendstobenefitthelocaleconomymoredirectly,asmoneygoestosmallbusinessesratherthaninternationalchains.Critics,however,pointoutpracticallimitations.Noteveryonehastheluxuryofextendedvacations.Theeconomicmodelofmanyjobsdoesnotallowformonth-longtrips.Moreover,theconceptmightbeperceivedaselitist,accessibleonlytothosewithampletimeandfinancialresources.There'salsothechallengeofchangingadeeplyingrainedmindsetthatequatestravelwithcollectingpassportstampsfromasmanycountriesaspossible.Despitethesechallenges,theslowtravelmovementisreshapinghowpeoplethinkaboutexploration.It'snotaboutseeingeverything,butaboutunderstandingsomethingdeeply.Itrepresentsashiftfrombeingapassiveobservertoanengagedparticipantintheplacesonevisits.Inanageofovertourismandclimateanxiety,slowtraveloffersamoresustainableandpersonallyrewardingpath.36.Whatisthemaincharacteristicof"slowtravel"?A.Visitingasmanylandmarksaspossible.B.Focusingonin-depthexperienceinoneplace.C.Prioritizingluxuryandcomfort.D.Followingpopulartouristchecklists.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichactivityisNOTassociatedwithslowtravel?A.Usingpublictransportation.B.Stayingatinternationalhotelchains.C.Eatingatlocalfamily-runrestaurants.D.Learningafewphrasesofthelocallanguage.38.Whatisonemajorenvironmentalbenefitofslowtravelmentionedinthetext?A.Itincreasestouristspending.B.Itreducescarbonemissionsfromtransportation.C.Itpromotesinternationalbusiness.D.Itrequireslesstravelplanning.39.Whatisacriticismleveledagainsttheslowtravelmovement?A.Itistoodamagingtotheenvironment.B.Itisonlyfeasibleforthewealthyandtime-rich.C.Itdiscouragesculturalexchange.D.Itleadstoovercrowdingindestinations.40.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisthecorephilosophybehindslowtravel?A.Collectingexperiencesquickly.B.Shiftingfromparticipationtoobservation.C.Seekingdeepunderstandingoverbroadcoverage.D.Prioritizingcost-effectivenessaboveall.PassageTwoThehumanbrain'sabilitytoadaptandreorganizeitself,knownasneuroplasticity,hasrevolutionizedourunderstandingoflearningandrecovery.Foralongtime,itwasbelievedthatthebrain'sstructurewasrelativelyfixedafterchildhood.Modernneuroscience,however,hasshownthatthebrainremainsmalleablethroughoutlife.Neuroplasticityoccursondifferentlevels.Atthesynapticlevel,theconnectionsbetweenneuronsstrengthenorweakenbasedonactivity—aprincipleoftensummarizedas"neuronsthatfiretogether,wiretogether."Thisisthefundamentalmechanismbehindlearninganewskill,suchasplayingamusicalinstrumentorspeakingaforeignlanguage.Withrepeatedpractice,specificneuralpathwaysbecomemoreefficient.Onalargerscale,thebraincanreassignfunctionsfromdamagedareastohealthyones.Thisiscrucialforrecoveryfrominjurieslikestrokes.Throughtargetedrehabilitationandconsistentpractice,patientscanoftenregainlostfunctionsasnewneuralconnectionsformtobypassthedamagedtissue.Thisprocessisslowanddemandseffort,butitunderscoresthebrain'sremarkableresilience.Furthermore,evenourthoughtsandhabitscanshapeourbrain'sstructure.Chronicstressornegativethinkingpatternscanreinforceneuralcircuitsassociatedwithanxietyandfear.Conversely,practiceslikemindfulnessmeditationhavebeenshowntoincreasegraymatterdensityinregionslinkedtoemotionalregulationandfocus.Thissuggestswehaveadegreeofagencyinsculptingourownbrainsthroughourdailybehaviorsandmentalactivities.Understandingneuroplasticityhasprofoundimplicationsforeducationandtherapy.Itpromotesagrowthmindset—thebeliefthatabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughdedication.Italsooffershopefortreatingvariousneurologicalandpsychiatricconditionsbyharnessingthebrain'sinnatecapacityforchange.Theoldadage"youcan'tteachanolddognewtricks"isfundamentallychallengedbytherealityofaplastic,ever-adaptingbrain.41.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?A.Thefixedstructureoftheadultbrain.B.Thebrain'slifelongcapacityforchangeandadaptation.C.Thedifferencesbetweenchildandadultbrains.D.Thehistoryofneuroscience.42.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheresultof"neuronsthatfiretogether,wiretogether"?A.Neuronsbecomepermanentlydamaged.B.Neuralconnectionsbecomestrongerwithrepeatedactivity.C.Thebrainstopsdevelopingafterchildhood.D.Brainfunctionsbecomefixedinonearea.43.Howdoesneuroplasticitybenefitstrokepatients?A.Itpreventsstrokesfromhappening.B.Itallowsfunctionstobetakenoverbyundamagedbrainregions.C.Itmakesthebrainrigidandunchanging.D.Iteliminatestheneedforrehabilitation.44.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouthabitsandthebrain?A.Theyhavenoimpactonbrainstructure.B.Onlyphysicalactivitiescanchangethebrain.C.Mentalpracticescanphysicallyalterthebrain'scomposition.D.Thebrain'sstructuredetermineshabitsirrevocably.45.Whichconceptissupportedbythediscoveryofneuroplasticity?A.Afixedmindset.B.Theimpossibilityoflearninginadulthood.C.Agrowthmindset.D.Thedeclineofbrainfunctionwithage.PassageThreeThecirculareconomyrepresentsasystemicshiftawayfromthetraditionallinearmodelof"take,make,dispose."Itaimstoredefinegrowth,focusingonpositivesociety-widebenefits.Itentailsgraduallydecouplingeconomicactivityfromtheconsumptionoffiniteresourcesanddesigningwasteoutofthesystem.Underpinnedbyatransitiontorenewableenergysources,thecircularmodelbuildseconomic,natural,andsocialcapital.Itisbasedonthreeprinciples:designoutwasteandpollution,keepproductsandmaterialsinuse,andregeneratenaturalsystems.Unlikerecycling,whichisoftenadowncyclingprocess(convertingmaterialsintolower-qualityproducts),thecirculareconomyemphasizesmaintainingthehighestvalueofmaterialsforaslongaspossible.Thiscanbeachievedthroughstrategieslikedurability,repairability,andmodulardesign.Forinstance,asmartphonedesignedforeasydisassemblyallowscomponentstobereplacedorupgraded,extendingitslifespan.Attheendofitslife,componentscanberecoveredandreusedinnewproducts.Anotherkeystrategyistheproduct-as-a-servicemodel.Insteadofsellinglightbulbs,acompanymightsell"lightingasaservice,"retainingownershipofthefixturesandbulbs,thusincentivizingthemtocreatelong-lasting,energy-efficientproductsthatcanbeeasilymaintainedandrecycled.Thechallengesaresubstantial.Itrequiresacompleteredesignofglobalsupplychains,consumerbehavior,andbusinessmodels.Currenteconomicsystemsareoptimizedforlinearproduction,andshiftingawayrequiressignificantinvestmentandregulatorysupport.However,thepotentialbenefitsareimmense:reducedenvironmentaldegradation,decreaseddependencyonrawmaterialimports,innovation-drivencompetitiveness,andthecreationofnewjobsinsectorslikerepair,remanufacturing,andrecycling.Transitioningtoacirculareconomyisnotmerelyanenvironmentalimperativebutaneconomicandsocialopportunity.Itpromisesamoreresilientsystemthatcanthriveinthelongtermbyworkinginharmonywithnaturalcyclesratherthandepletingthem.46.Whatisthecoreideaofacirculareconomy?A.Maximizingthespeedofproductionandconsumption.B.Creatingaclosed-loopsystemtoeliminatewasteandcontinuallyuseresources.C.Focusingsolelyonadvancedrecyclingtechnologies.D.Increasingtheconsumptionofnaturalresources.47.Howdoesthecirculareconomydifferfromsimplerecycling?A.Itdoesnotinvolvereusingmaterialsatall.B.Itfocusesonkeepingmaterialsattheirhighestutilityandvalue.C.Itisonlyapplicabletoelectronicproducts.D.Itisalesseffectivemethodofwastemanagement.48.Whatisanexampleofthe"product-as-a-service"modelgiveninthepassage?A.Sellingdisposablelightbulbscheaply.B.Acompanyselling"lighting"whileowningthephysicalproducts.C.Consumersthrowingawayproductsaftersingleuse.D.Manufacturingproductsthatcannotberepaired.49.Whatismentionedasamajorchallengeforimplementingacirculareconomy?A.Lackoftechnologicalknow-how.B.Theneedtooverhaulexistinglineareconomicsystemsandsupplychains.C.Itsinabilitytocreateanynewjobs.D.Consumerpreferenceformorewastefulproducts.50.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardsthecirculareconomy?A.Skepticalanddismissive.B.Neutralandobservational.C.Supportiveandoptimisticaboutitspotential.D.Criticalandwarningofitsdangers.PassageFourTheriseofremotework,acceleratedbytheglobalpandemic,hasledtoasignificantreevaluationofthetraditionaloffice-centricmodel.Whileofferingnewfoundflexibility,italsopresentsuniquechallengesthatbothemployersandemployeesarelearningtonavigate.Onthepositiveside,remoteworkeliminatesdailycommutes,savingtimeandreducingtransportationcostsandassociatedemissions.Itallowsforabetterwork-lifebalanceformany,enablingthemtomanagepersonalresponsibilitiesmoreeffectively.Forcompanies,itcanreduceoverheadcostsrelatedtomaintaininglargeofficespacesandhaswidenedthetalentpool,allowinghiringfromaglobalgeographyratherthanaspecificmetropolitanarea.However,thedrawbacksarebecomingincreasinglyapparent.Theblurringofboundariesbetweenworkandhomelifecanleadtolongerworkinghoursanddifficultyin"switchingoff,"potentiallycausingburnout.Thelackofspontaneous,face-to-faceinteractioncanhindercollaboration,creativity,andtheinformaltransferofknowledgethatoftenhappensinofficecorridors.Furthermore,feelingsofisolationandaweakenedsenseofbelongingtothecompanyculturearecommoncomplaintsamongremoteworkers.Anothercriticalissueisinequality.Remoteworkisnotfeasibleforallprofessions,particularlythoseinmanufacturing,healthcare,orretail.Evenwithinknowledge-basedindustries,itsbenefitsarenotevenlydistributed.Employeeswithdedicatedhomeofficesandstronginternetconnectionsthrive,whilethoseincrowdedlivingsituationsmaystruggle.There'salsoariskof"proximitybias,"wheremanagerssubconsciouslyfavoremployeestheyseeinpersonoverthosewhoareremote,potentiallyaffectingcareeradvancementopportunities.Thefuturelikelyliesinhybridmodels,blendingremoteandin-officework.Thisapproachseekstocapturethebenefitsofflexibilityandfocustimewhilepreservingthecollaborativeandsocialadvantagesofphysicalworkplaces.Successwilldependoncompaniesdevelopingclearpolicies,investingindigitalcollaborationtools,and,mostimportantly,trainingmanagerstoleaddistributedteamseffectivelyandequitably.Thegoalisnottochoosebetweenremoteorofficework,buttointelligentlyintegratebothtoenhanceproductivityandemployeewell-being.51.Whatisonebenefitofremoteworkforcompaniesmentionedinthepassage?A.Increasedcostsforofficeutilities.B.Accesstoabroaderrangeofjobcandidates.C.Moretimespentbyemployeescommuting.D.Strongersenseofisolationamongteams.52.Whatisapotentialnegativeconsequenceofremoteworkrelatedtowell-being?A.Reducedriskofburnout.B.Clearerseparationbetweenworkandpersonaltime.C.Increasedfeelingsoflonelinessanddisconnection.D.Moreopportunitiesforcasualofficeinteraction.53.Whatdoestheterm"proximitybias"refertointhecontextofremotework?A.Thepreferenceforworkingclosetohome.B.Thetendencytofavorin-officeemployeesoverremoteones.C.Thebiasagainstusingdigitaltools.D.Theinequalityininternetconnectionquality.54.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheprobablefutureofworkarrangements?A.Acompletereturntofull-timeofficework.B.Thepermanenteliminationofallofficespaces.C.Ahybridmodelcombiningremoteandin-officework.D.Asystemwherealljobsmustbeperformedremotely.55.Whatisidentifiedasakeyfactorforthesuccessoffutureworkmodels?A.Eliminatingallmanagerpositions.B.Reducingemployeeflexibility.C.Trainingmanagerstoleaddistributedteamswell.D.Focusingsolelyonproductivitymetrics.SectionIVTranslation(10points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.重庆，一座坐落于中国西南部的直辖市，以其独特的地形、丰富的文化和辛辣的美食而闻名。这座城市被长江和嘉陵江环绕，拥有令人惊叹的山城景观。近年来，重庆已发展成为一个重要的经济、金融和科技创新中心。同时，它保留了丰富的历史遗产，如磁器口古镇和洪崖洞，吸引了无数国内外游客。重庆人民以其热情好客和坚韧不拔的精神著称，这座城市的活力与魅力在日新月异的发展中持续绽放。SectionVWriting(15points)Directions:*Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicTheImportanceofLifelongLearning.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandbaseyourwritingontheoutlinegivenbelow:*1.在当今社会，终身学习的概念日益重要。2.阐述终身学习对个人和社会发展的具体益处。3.提出个人如何践行终身学习的建议。答案与解析SectionIVocabularyandStructure1.A解析：动词辨析。bridgethegap为固定搭配，意为“缩小差距，消除隔阂”。break打破；broaden拓宽；build建造。2.B解析：虚拟语气。在"Itisessentialthat..."句型中，that从句的谓语动词应使用"(should)+动词原形"的虚拟形式。3.A解析：形容词辨析。controversial“有争议的”，符合句意“起初虽有争议”。conventional“传统的”；consistent“一致的”；conservative“保守的”。4.B解析：倒装结构。"Notuntil..."置于句首时，主句需进行部分倒装（助动词/情态动词/be动词提前）。根据从句时态（arrived）和句意，主句动作发生在之后，用一般过去时，故倒装为didherealize。5.B解析：动词短语辨析。workon“从事于，致力于（某项工作或任务）”，符合句意“正在制定一项新营销策略”。workout“计算出，解决”；workup“逐步发展，激起”；workoff“消除，处理掉”。6.B解析：非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句内容，意为“正如……那样”。it和that不能这样用；what引导名词性从句。7.A解析：虚拟语气。动词demand后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用"(should)+动词原形"。8.B解析：非谓语动词。空格部分作后置定语修饰temple，与temple构成主动关系（古庙的历史可追溯至……），故用现在分词短语datingfrom。9.A解析：比较结构。"the+比较级...,the+比较级..."结构，表示“越……，就越……”。skillful的比较级是moreskillful。10.A解析：动词短语辨析。makeout“辨认出，听清楚”，符合句意“几乎听不清”。makeup“组成，弥补，化妆”；makefor“走向，有助于”；makeoff“匆忙离开，逃走”。11.A解析：名词辨析。sufficiency“充足，足量”，符合句意“确保食物和药品的充足”。efficiency“效率”；proficiency“熟练”；deficiency“缺乏”。12.C解析：虚拟语气。在if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句中，be动词用were（适用于所有人称）。13.B解析：固定搭配。"beof+抽象名词"相当于"be+该名词的形容词形式"，beofgreatimportance=beveryimportant。14.B解析：非谓语动词。句型"Sth.issaidtodo..."中，不定式作补语。translate动作发生在谓语issaid之前，且与主语novel构成被动关系，故用完成被动式tohavebeentranslated。15.C解析：倒装结构。"Hardly...when..."结构，意为“一……就……”。hardly置于句首时，其所在的主句需部分倒装，且主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。16.B解析：非限制性定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句内容，只能用which。17.A解析：非谓语动词。空格处作伴随状语，与主语she构成主动关系，故用现在分词caring。18.B解析：非谓语动词作定语。data与collect是被动关系，且collect动作在needs之前已完成，故用分词的完成被动式havingbeencollected作后置定语。19.B解析：虚拟语气。"Itis(high/about)timethat..."句型中，that从句谓语动词用过去式或"should+动词原形"，表示“早该做某事了”。20.C解析：形容词辨析。coordinated“协调的，协同的”，修饰efforts，表示“协同努力”。coordinate是动词；coordinating是现在分词；coordination是名词。SectionIICloze21.A解析：副词修饰动词manage。efficiently“高效地”。22.D解析：形容词修饰名词areas。various“各种各样的”。23.A解析：动词短语。cutdowncosts“削减成本”。cutin“插嘴”；cutoff“切断”；cutout“删去，停止”。24.A解析：非谓语动词。rangefrom...to...“范围从……到……”，此处作后置定语，与devices构成主动关系，用现在分词ranging。25.A解析：与monitor并列，用动词原形manage。26.A解析：与reducing并列作结果状语，用现在分词alleviating“缓解”。27.C解析：逻辑关系。notwithoutchallenges“并非没有挑战”。28.B解析：逻辑关系。后句是前句的原因，since“因为，既然”。29.D解析：逻辑关系。上文讲挑战，下文讲好处，是转折关系。Nevertheless“然而”。30.A解析：形容词辨析。sensitiveto“对……敏感的，能体贴……的”，符合“对居民需求反应灵敏的”之意。sensible“明智的”；sensational“轰动的”；sentimental“多愁善感的”。31.B解析：逻辑关系。predictandsolve...beforetheyescalate“在问题升级之前预测并解决”。32.B解析：现在分词作结果状语，与主句主语citizens构成主动关系，enhancing“提高”。33.A解析：定语从句谓语动词。that指代approach，单数，且描述一般事实，用一般现在时combines。34.C解析：形容词辨析。worthwhile“值得做的”，可作定语修饰名词。worth后常接名词或动名词；worthy常与of搭配；worthless“无价值的”。35.A解析：形容词辨析。inclusive“包容的”，与human-centered呼应。exclusive“排外的”；conclusive“决定性的”；elusive“难以捉摸的”。SectionIIIReadingComprehensionPassageOne36.B解析：细节题。第一段明确说明“emphasizesdepthoverbreadth”，即注重深度而非广度。37.B解析：细节题。第二段提到“choosinglocally-ownedaccommodations”，与B项“国际连锁酒店”相反。38.B解析：细节题。第三段第二、三句明确指出通过减少飞行和选择地面交通来降低碳排放。39.B解析：细节题。第四段提到批评者认为其“accessibleonlytothosewithampletimeandfinancialresources”，即只适用于有时间有钱的人。40.C解析：主旨题。文章贯穿的核心是深度体验和理解，而非走马观花。C项最准确。PassageTwo41.B解析：主旨题。全文围绕大脑神经可塑性，即其终生改变和适应的能力展开。42.B解析：细节题。第二段解释该原则意味着神经活动会加强神经元之间的连接。43.B解析：细节题。第三段明确指出“thebraincanreassignfunctionsfromdamagedareastohealthyones”。44.C解析：推理题。第四段提到正念冥想可以增加灰质密度，说明思维习惯能物理性改变大脑结构。45.C解析：细节题。最后一段第二句明确指出它促进了一种成长型思维模式。PassageThree46.B解析：主旨题。第一、二段阐述了循环经济的核心是构建资源循环利用的闭环系统。47.B解析：细节题。第二段最后一句指出循环经济强调“maintainingthehighestvalueofmaterials”，而不仅仅是回收。48.B解析：细节题。第三段以“照明服务”为例，说明公司出售服务而非产品，并保留产品所有权。49.B解析：细节题。第四段提到挑战包括“acompleteredesignofglobalsupplychains,consumerbehavior,andbusinessmodels”。50.