【英语】高中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题

【英语】高中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解

AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist,Harajukuisoneofthecity'smostnamed-checkedneighborhoods.Here'saquicklookatsomeofthehighlightseveryHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience.

TakeshitaStreet

Thefirstthingyou'regoingtowanttodoisgetsuckedintothevortexofTakeshitaStreet,thebestplacetotrypurikuruphotoboothsandobservethelatestcosplaytrends-fromCothicLolitatocyberpunk.

WEGOisapopularfashionchainofferingthelatesttrendsandasectionforvintageclothes.Tutuannaiswhereyoucanfindinterestingsocksthatwilladdanampledoseofkawaiitoyouroutfit.

CatStreet

CatStreetismorerelaxingplacetostrollandshop,withstoresfocusingonhigher-endbrands.

RAGTAGisthebestplacetofindsecond-handitems.HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes,includingbaseballteamhappicoatsandtraditionalkimonos.

OmotesandoAvenue

AnotherfamousshoppingstreetOmotesandoAvenueisalarge,tree-linedthoroughfarethatcutsthroughHarajukuandisfilledwithhundredsofshopsandrestaurants.

SukajyanDept,atinysouvenirjacketstore,ispackedwiththeworksofKenKakinuma.TOKYUPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuiswhereyou'llfindthatfamousmirroredentrancewaythatsomanytravelersshareontheinternet.（1）Ifyouwanttobuyvintageclothing,whereshouldyougo?A.WEGO&Tutuanna.B.SukajyanDept&RAGTAG.C.WEGO&HarajukuChicago.D.RAGTAG&HarajukuChicago.（2）WhenvisitingOmotesandoAvenue,youmay

.A.buyinterestingsocks.B.takearelaxingwalk.C.trypurikuraphotobooths.D.postthemirroredentrancewayonline.（3）Whichsectionofthewebsitemaythetextbechosenfrom?A.Travel.B.Business.C.Entertainment.D.Fashion.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了东京原宿三条著名的商业街及其特色。（1）考查细节理解。根据TakeshitaStreet部分中的”WEGOisapopularfashionchainoffering...vintageclothes”可知，WEGO销售老式衣服；根据CatStreet部分中的“HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes”可知，HarajukuChicago也卖老式衣服。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据OmotesandoAvenue部分中的”TokyuPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuis...thatsomanytravelersshareontheInternet”可知，原宿表参道东急购物中心是许多游客在网上分享的著名的有镜子的入口的地方。可推知，在参观表参道大街的时候，你可能做的事情是找到在网上发布有镜子的入口。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist”和”everyHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience”和下文的内容可知，本文主要为旅游者介绍东京原宿的旅游商业街。可知，本文可能选自网站的旅游版块。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

You'llbere-directedtoourIrishFestTicketingStore,whichwillfeatureallof2018'sticketingoptions.Buyingonlinewillsaveyouthetimeofwaitinginlineattheticketwindow.Youradmissiontothefestivalincludesallofthemusicalacts,culturalexhibits,children'sactivitiesandmore!Questions?Contactusatinfo@.

DailyWaystoSave

Anyandallactive(现役)militarymemberswillreceivefreeadmissiontothefestival,anyday,withvalidID,plusoneguest,atanygateticketwindowwhereyouwillreceiveyourfreeticket].Thankyouforyourservicetoourcountry.FailteClubVIPExperienceNEW

ExperienceIrishFestinanexclusivesetting!InviteyourfriendsandbeapartoftheFailteClubVIPExperience!YourFailteClubticketincludes2complimentarybeverages(beer,wine,soda,water),anincredibleviewoftheMillerLitestagefromtheUpperDeck,aprivatebarforadditionalbeverages,includingJamesonWhiskeyandprivaterestrooms!

WheelchairaccessibleThursday:$15(Hours5-10pm)Friday:$30(Hours5-12am)

Saturday:$35(Hours2-12am)-SOLDOUTSunday:$30(Hours12-8:30pm)

4-DayVIPPass:$79

GroupTicketSalesInformation

SavesomegreenwithgroupticketsalesavailablethroughJuly31,2018.26-99ticketsare$15each;100+ticketsare$13each.CalltheCelticMKE[IrishFest]Centerat414-476-3378formoreinformation.

NoticeonCounterfeitTickets

MilwaukeeIrishFeststronglyurgesallcustomerstoavoidpurchasingticketsonthestreetfromunauthorizedsources,astheticketsmaybecounterfeit.Foryourownprotection,ticketsshouldonlybepurchasedatMilwaukeeIrishFestticketbooths,ortheMilwaukeeIrishFestCenterinWauwatosa.Counterfeitticketsandticketspurchasedfromunauthorizedsourceswillnotbehonored.（1）Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.

Anyonewhoservedinthearmycanreceivefreeadmissiontothefest.

B.

PeoplecanbuyaFailteClubticketforanyofthefourdaysrightnow.C.

Agroupof30willspend$390ontheirticketsforthefestaltogether.

D.

4-DayVIPPassholdercanhaveanextremelygoodviewofthestage.（2）Theunderlinedword"counterfeit"inthelastpartmostprobablymeans"

".A.

second-hand

B.

false

C.

undated

D.

discounted（3）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.

TopersuadepeopletogotoMilwaukeeIrishFest.

B.

TomakeMilwaukeeIrishFestbetterknown.C.

Toinformpeopleofticketinganddiscounting.

D.

Totalkabouthowthefestivalisorganized.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国密尔沃基的爱尔兰集会的购票信息，涉及到票价以及多种优惠折扣信息。（1）考查细节理解。根据DailyWaystoSave部分中的“InviteyourfriendsandbeapartoftheFailteClubVIPExperience!YourFailteClubticketincludes2complimentarybeverages(beer,wine,soda,water),anincredibleviewoftheMillerLitestagefromtheUpperDeck,”可知VIP可以享受beer,wine,soda,water等服务还可以欣赏很好的风景。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据NoticeonCounterfeitTickets部分中的“Foryourownprotection,ticketsshouldonlybepurchasedatMilwaukeeIrishFestticketbooths,ortheMilwaukeeIrishFestCenterinWauwatosa.”可知所有的票都应该在正规的购票点购买，以防买到假票。所以本句“astheticketsmaybecounterfeit”中的counterfeit意为“false”，故选B。（3）考查写作意图。本文是一则广告，介绍了美国密尔沃基的爱尔兰集会的购票信息，涉及到票价以及多种优惠折扣信息。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

AcallcameintoJimmyGilleece'sbar.Anewlymarriedwoman,whohadspenttheafternoonathisbar,couldn'tfindherwallet.Shedidn'tcareaboutherID,creditcards,or150incash-butherweddingringwasinside.

Gilleece,42,didn'tliketheideathatatheftcouldhaveoccurredathisplace.Sohedeterminedtofindthewallet.Hespenthoursonvideosfromsurveillance(监控)cameras,watchingthewoman'severystepinthebar.Withinminutes,ayoungmanapproachedthebar,putsomethinginhispocket,andwalkedoff.

Gilleecepostedaclip(视频片段)onthebar'sFacebookpagetofindoutwhotheyoungmanwas.Withinhours,Gilleecegotatextfrom17-year-oldRiversPrather,whosaidhe'ddoneitbecausehehadn'teatenintwodays.Hesaidhesawtheringbutthoughtitwasfake,sohetookthemoneyandthrewthewalletintotheocean.Thenheboughtasandwich.

Gilleecetoldtheteentomeethimatthedocks(码头).TheretheytalkedalotandGilleeceknewthatPratherwasfromapoorfamily.Seeingtheteenager'ssmallbuild,Gilleecethoughthewasmoreofakidthanacriminal.However,becauseofthemissingring,Prathercouldbeputintoprison.

Gilleecedecidedtohelpthekid.Hehiredtwolocaldiverstosearchthewaterswherethewallethadbeenthrown.Morethananhourpassed,withnosignofthering.Gilleecegrewworried.Andthenadiverpoppedup.Inhishandwasthewallet,andinsidewasthering.WhenGilleececalledthewallet'sowner,sheburstintotearsandimmediatelydroppedthechargeagainstPratherforstealingthering.（1）Whatdidthewomanvaluemostinherwallet?A.HerID.B.Hercreditcards.C.Hermoney.D.Herweddingring.（2）WhatdidPratherdoaftergettingthewallet?A.Hekeptthering.B.Hespentthemoneyinit.C.Hethrewitinadustbin.D.Hereturnedittotheowner.（3）WhydidGilleecehelpPrather?A.Toteachthechildalesson.B.Tomeetthecustomer'sdemand.C.Tosavetheforgivablechild.D.Towinbackthereputationofhisbar.（4）WhatwouldhappentoPrathernext?A.Hewouldbesenttoprison.B.Hewouldnotbeaccusedbythewoman.C.HewouldgetajobinGilleece'sbar.D.Hewouldliveabetterlifeeverafter.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，JimmyGilleece的酒吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。JimmyGilleece找到了捡到钱包的年轻人RiversPrather，但是RiversPrather拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。Gilleece觉得Prather只是个孩子，于是决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，Prather也被撤销了指控。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Shedidn'tcareaboutherID,creditcards,or150incash-butherweddingringwasinside.”她不在乎她的身份证、信用卡或150美元现金——但她的结婚戒指在里面，可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Hesaidhesawtheringbutthoughtitwasfake,sohetookthemoneyandthrewthewalletintotheocean.”他说他看到了戒指，但认为是假的，所以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海，可知Prather得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Seeingtheteenager'ssmallbuild,Gilleecethoughthewasmoreofakidthanacriminal.However,becauseofthemissingring,Prathercouldbeputintoprison.”看到这个少年的小个子，Gilleece觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，Prather可能会被关进监狱，可知Gilleece帮助Prather是因为他认为Prather是个可原谅的孩子。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“WhenGilleececalledthewallet'sowner,sheburstintotearsandimmediatelydroppedthechargeagainstPratherforstealingthering.”当Gilleece打电话给钱包的主人时，她哭了起来，并立即撤销了对Prather偷戒指的指控)可知接下来Prather不会被那个女人指控。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Severalyearsago,Ibeganaskingmyfriendsandfamilytotellmesomethingabouttheirpasswords.Yes,Iunderstandwhypasswordsareuniversallyhated:thepressuretheyputonourmemoryandtheendlessdemandtoupdatethem.Ihatethemtoo.Butthereismoretopasswordsthantheirannoyance.Inthefactthatweconstructthemsothatwecanrememberthem,theytakeonsecretlives.

TherewasaformerprisonerwhosepasswordincludeswhatusedtobehisprisonIDnumbertoconstantlytellhimnottogoback.Andtherewasachildless45-year-oldwomanwhosepasswordisthenameofthebabyshelostinher25(herwayoftryingtokeephimalive,Iguess).

Sometimesthepasswordswereplayful.Severalpeoplesaidtheyused"incorrect"fortheirssothatwhentheyforgotit,thesoftwareautomaticallypromotedthemwiththerightone("yourpasswordisincorrect").

Somepasswordswerestrikingfortheiruniqueness.AfterreadingSherylSandberg'sbookLeanin:Women,WorkandtheWilltoLead,CortniKerr,arunningpartnerofmine,foundherrolemodelandbeganusing"Wwssdol9",whichstoodfor"WhatwouldSherylSandbergdo"plus"19"fortheyear(2019)ofthepassword'screation."TnsitTpsif"wasthepasswordofanotherfriend,acomputerscientistwholoveswordplay.Itstoodfor"Thenextsentenceistrue.Theprevioussentenceisfalse".Formyfriend,itwasaplayfulreferencetotheknotsthatlanguagecantie.

The4622thatmywifeusedinherpasswordswasnotjusttheaddressofherfather'schildhoodhomebutalsoareminderofhisstrength.Apparently,whentheformer120kgfootballstandoutwasasmallboy,hehadtosinghishomeaddress(4622South28thWestAvenue)inonefullbreathratherthantrytosayitnormally.Otherwise,hisstutter(口吃)wouldembarrasshim.（1）WhydidtheprisonerusehisprisonIDnumberinhispassword?A.Torebuildhisreputation.B.Toremindhimtoactlegally.C.Tofightagainsthispoormemory.D.Tohidetheunpleasantexperience.（2）WhatdidCortniKerrthinkofSherylSandberg'sbook?A.Doubtful.B.Interesting.C.Creative.D.Inspiring.（3）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thereasonswhypeoplehatepasswords.B.Theunusualpasswords.C.Thesecretlivesofpasswords.D.Thebestwaystomakeyourpasswordsunique.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“TherewasaformerprisonerwhosepasswordincludeswhatusedtobehisprisonIDnumbertoconstantlytellhimnottogoback.”可知这名坐过牢的囚犯用自己的监狱身份证号作为密码主要是提醒自己不要回到过去（不在犯罪）。因此选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“CortniKerr,arunningpartnerofmine,foundherrolemodelandbeganusing‘Wwssdol9’,whichstoodfor‘WhatwouldSherylSandbergdo’plus'19’fortheyear(2019)ofthepassword'screation.”可知CortniKerr读完SherylSandberg'sbook的书后，找到到了自己的榜样，由此判断出CortniKerr认为SherylSandberg的书很激励人心。故选D。（3）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。选项C.Thesecretlivesofpasswords.“密码里的人生秘密”为短文的最佳标题。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

TEENSGIVINGisanexcitingyearlyeventwherehundredsofNewYorkCityteensgathertogetherannuallyforaremarkabledayofcommunityservice.Thisyear,TEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016participantswillonceagainbetterNewYorkCityandinfluencethousandsoflives!

WhenisTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016?

Sunday,April20,2016

WhereisTEENSGIVING?

AlloverNewYorkCity.Everyonewillmeetatthe92ndStreetY(92ndandLexington)at9:00AMfortheeventkick-off.Then,allTEENSGIVINGvolunteerswillgoacrossthecitytoworkwithourpartneringagencieswheretheywillmakeaHUGEdifferenceandhavefun!WhoparticipatesinTEENSGIVING?

Hundredsofteenagersfromaroundthecity.Teenscomefromthe92ndStreetY,variouscityschools,youthgroups,andorganizationsinthearea.Inaddition,manyadultvolunteers(aged21andolder)willdonatetheirtimetoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016.

Whatprojectsdoparticipantsdoattheagencies?

Sampleprojectsincludepaintingparkbenches,plantinggardens,visitingandplayingwithpooranddisabledchildren,assistingatanimalshelters,workingatsoupkitchens,deliveringmealsandcelebratingwithfamiliesathomelessshelters.

DoIgetanythingforparticipatinginTEENSGIV1NG?

Yes!Everybodybenefits!Teenvolunteerswillreceive“6hours”ofcommunityservicecredit,goodtowardshonorsociety,highschoolgraduationandcollegeapplicationrequirements.Adultvolunteerswillbethankedwithalightbreakfast,agiftcertificatefortheirtroubles,andthesatisfactionofhelpingourcity'syouthcontributetotheircommunity.Inaddition,allteenandadultvolunteerswillreceiveacoolTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016T-shirt.

Thissoundsawesome!HowdoIregisterforTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016?Interestedteensand/oradultsshoulde-mailtheTEENSGIVINGCoordinatorJoshHymanatjhyman@92Y.org<mailto:jhyman@92Y.org>(subject:TEENSGIVING)toreceivemoreinformationandtoregisterforthisfantasticevent!

Teenscanalsocontacttheirschool'sCommunityServiceAdvisor.

TEENSGIVINGissponsoredbythe92ndStreetY.（1）TEENSGVINGisaneventwhichisheld

.A.

twiceeveryyear

B.

everytwoyears

C.

onceeveryyear

D.

fromtimetotime（2）Whatcantheteenagersdointhisevent?A.

Givethankstotheadults.

B.

Takegoodcareofanimals.C.

CleanthestreetsofNewYork.

D.

Workforhighschoolsand!colleges.（3）Anadultvolunteermayget

forhistimedevotedtoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016.A.

aT-shirtandagiftcertificate

B.

communityservicecreditandaT-shirtC.

ahighschoolcertificateandalightbreakfast

D.

agiftcertificateandcommunityservicecredit（4）Thewriter'spurposeinwritingthispassageisto

.A.

askreaderstodonatetheiradvicetoTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016

B.

encouragereaderstoaskmorequestionsaboutTEENSGIVINGC.

introduceTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016toreaders

D.

informreadersofsomefrequentlyaskedquestions【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2016TEENSGIVING活动内容，时间，地点，志愿者福利等信息。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“TEENSGIVINGisanexcitingyearlyevent”可知，TEENSGIVING是一个一年一度的激动人心的事件。故选C。(2)考查细节理解。根据Whatprojectsdoparticipantsdoattheagencies?部分中的“Sampleprojectsincludepaintingparkbenches,plantinggardens,visitingandplayingwiththepoorchildren,assemblingmodelplanesforchildreninhospitals,assistingatanimalshelters,workingatsoupkitchens,deliveringmealsandcelebratingwithfamiliesathomelessshelters.”可知，活动包括在公园长椅上绘画，园艺劳动，看望贫困儿童并且与他们玩耍，在动物收容所协助照看动物等等。故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据

DoIgetanythingforparticipatinginTEENSGIV1NG?部分中的“Adultvolunteerswillbethankedwithalightbreakfast,agiftcertificatefortheirtroubles,andthesatisfactionofhelpingourcity'syouthcontributetotheircommunity.Inaddition,allteenandadultvolunteerswillreceiveacoolTEENSGIVINGinSPRING2016T-shirt.”可知，成年志愿者将获得一份爱心早餐，一个解决他们烦恼的礼品券以及帮助我们城市青少年为他们的社区做贡献的满足感。另外，所有的青少年和成人志愿者都会获得一个很酷的TEENSGIVING2016春季T恤。故选A。(4)考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了2016年春季TEENSGIVING的主要内容，以及如何申请参加这项活动。故作者的目的是给读者介绍这个活动，选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。6．阅读理解VolunteerOpportunities

Ringthebells

TheSalvationArmyneedsbellringersforitsannualRedKettleChristmasCampaign.TwohourshiftsbeginonNov.12andrunMondaysthroughSaturdays.VolunteerscancontactJimEversatjimevers@orat764-0962,orsignuponlineat.

Readtochildren

JointheUnitedWayandChildCareAwareinsupportingthedevelopmentandlearningofyoungchildren.Volunteersareneededtospend30minutesaweekreadingtochildrenandguidingrelatedactivitiesusingliteracykits（识字工具包）providedbyChildcareAwareofEasternKansas.Atwo-hourliteracytrainingwillbeprovided.Toensurecontinuityforthechildrenintheprogram,weareaskingthatvolunteersmakeasix-monthcommitment.PleasecontactShellyat865-5030,ext.301oratvolunteer@.

Gardenwithaneighbor

DouglasCountryHousingInc.islookingforvolunteerstoassistaseniormaninneedofhelpwithanovergrowngardenbeforewinterarrives.Onetotwohoursofyourtimewillmakeahugedifferenceinsomeone'squalityoflife.Nopreviousgardeningexperienceisrequired.Pleasee-mailrsovista@orcall842-1533.

Feedyourfriends

Justfoodfightshungerinourcommunity.HelpJustFoodkickofftheholidayseasonbypacking.Thanksgivingmealboxesforfamiliesinneed.EveryyearJustFoodprovidesThanksgivingmealstofamiliesinDouglasCountrythatwillotherwisegowithout.YourhelpisneededfordistributingthesemealsinadvanceofThanksgiving.Helpisneededonthefollowingdaysandtimes:

9a.m.–7p.m.Monday,Nov.21.

9a.m.–7p.m.Tuesday,Nov.22.

Themaximumnumberofvolunteersis15atatime.Tosignup,clickhere.（1）Whatshouldpeopledoiftheychoosetoreadtochildren?A.

Gettrained.

B.

Makeaplan.C.

Promisetoteachdevotedly.

D.

Work30minutesaday.（2）Ifyouliketohelpwithgardening,youcangetintouchwith________.A.

Theytakeplaceonholiday.

B.

Theycanbereachedbyphone.C.

Theyareaboutseekingvolunteers.

D.

Theyneedsomeexperience.（3）Whatdothefouractivitieshaveincommon?A.

Theytakeplaceonholiday.

B.

Theycanbereachedbyphone.C.

Theyareaboutseekingvolunteers.

D.

Theyneedsomeexperience.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个志愿者的工作机会。并且详细的介绍了每项工作的具体内容，工作时间，联系方式等。（1）考查细节理解题。由文中Readtochildren部分中的Atwo-hourliteracytrainingwillbeprovided可知，如果选择给孩子们读书就要接受一个小时的培训，故答案选A。（2）考查细节理解题。由文Gardenwithaneighbor部分中的Pleasee-mailrsovista@orcall842-1533.可知，如果你想在园艺方面做志愿者，可以发邮件或者打电话联系。故答案选B。（3）考查推理判断题。这四项工作后面都留有联系方式，可知他们都是想招募志愿者。C选项正确。【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤：①排除干扰项，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰项。②按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如forexample，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。③快速通篇跳读，自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词等。7．阅读理解

Mrs.JoneswasmyfirstpatientwhenIstartedmedicalschool—andIoweheralot.

Shewasundermycareforthefirsttwoyearsofmymedicaltraining,yetIknewverylittleabouther,exceptthatshewasthin,perhapsinhermid70s.Itmightseemrathernegligentnottoknowthebasicfactsofmypatient,butIhadavalidreason—Mrs.Joneswasdead,andhadbeendeadforaboutthreeyearsbeforeImadeapatientofher.Mrs.JoneswasthedeadbodythatIdissected（解剖）overthefirsttwoyearsofmymedicaltraining.

Ofcourse,hernamewasn'treallyMrs.Jones,butitseemedalittleimpolitetobeconductingresearchintosomeone'sbodywithoutevenknowingitsname,sooutofcourtesy,Ithoughtsheshouldhaveone.“MeandMrs.Jones,we'vegotathinggoingon,”wentthesongcomingoutoftheradioasIunzippedthebagofheronmyfirstday—andsoshewaschristened.

Asthemonthspassed,IsoonforgotthatMrs.Joneshad,infact,oncebeenalive.Oneday,though,shesuddenlybecameveryhumanagain.I'dbeendissectingMrs.Jonesagood18monthsbeforeIgotaroundtotheuterus（子宫）.AfterI'dremovedit,theprofessorcameuptome,“Ifyoulookattheopeningcarefully,you'llseethattheangleindicatesthatthiswomanhashadseveralchildren,probablythree.”Istaredatit,andIsuddenlyfeltverystrange.Thiswoman,whohadgivenmesomethingincrediblypreciousthatI'dbeguntotakeforgranted,wasn'tadeadbody.Shewasaperson,amother,infact.

Atmygraduation,thesameprofessorcameovertocongratulateme.IexplainedthestoryaboutMrs.Jonestohim,andrecalledwhathe'dtoldmeaboutherhavingchildrenandhowthathadaffectedmeallthoseyearsago.

“Well,”hesaid,“atthebeginningofyourtrainingyouhadadeadbodyandmanagedtoturnitintoaperson.Nowyou'readoctor,thetrickistohaveapersonandnotturnthemintoadeadbody,”andhelaughed,shookmyhandandwalkedaway.（1）Whydidn'ttheauthorknowmuchaboutMrs.Jones?A.

Becausehewasirresponsibleforhispatients.B.

Becausehewasn'tallowedtoaskforherprivacy.C.

Becausehedidn'tknowheruntilshepassedaway.D.

Becausehewastoocarelesswhiledissectingher.（2）HowdidMrs.Jonesgethername?A.

Itwaspasseddownfromtheseniorsofmyschool.B.

Itcamefromasongbeingplayedwhenwefirstmet.C.

Shewasnamedafterawell-knownsingerIlikedbestD.

ItjustoccurredtomewhenIopenedthebagofher.（3）Whatcouldbetheauthor'sfeelingforMrs.Jonesnow?A.

Grateful.

B.

Pitiless.

C.

Hateful.

D.

Guilty.（4）Whatdidtheprofessorimplybyhiswordsinthelastparagraph?A.

Medicalstudentsareabletobringthedeadbacktolife.B.

Beingadoctorhasnothingtodowiththemedicaltraining.C.

Gooddoctorsneverfailtosavetheirpatientsfromdying.D.

Medicalstaffoughttohaverespectforlifeandhumanity.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和琼斯夫人之间的故事，说明了医务人员应该尊敬生命和人道。(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Itmightseemrathernegligentnottoknowthebasicfactsofmypatient,butIhadavalidreason—Mrs.Joneswasdead,andhadbeendeadforaboutthreeyearsbeforeImadeapatientofher.”可知琼斯夫人在去世后，把遗体捐给了医学院，所以在她去世之前，作者并不认识她，故选C。(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“‘MeandMrs.Jones,we'vegotathinggoingon,’wentthesongcomingoutoftheradioasIunzippedthebagofheronmyfirstday—andsoshewaschristened.”可知当我们第一次见面的时候，收音机里正在播放一首歌《我和琼斯夫人》，她就这样被命名了，故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mrs.JoneswasmyfirstpatientwhenIstartedmedicalschool—andIoweheralot.”可知现在，我对琼斯夫人充满感激，故选A。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“hesaid,‘atthebeginningofyourtrainingyouhadadeadbodyandmanagedtoturnitintoaperson.Nowyou'readoctor,thetrickistohaveapersonandnotturnthemintoadeadbody,’andhelaughed,shookmyhandandwalkedaway.”可知教授说得这段话的意思是：“在你刚开始训练解剖尸体的时候，你要设法把尸体变成一个人。现在，你成为一名医生了，窍门就是不要把人变成尸体。”这名教授说得这些话暗含的意思是医务人员应该尊敬生命和人道，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Ifyou'reshoweringeveryday,you'reprobablyoverdoingit.Infact,showeringtoooftencanactuallyhurtyourbodyinthelongrun.

AsTime'spublichealthcolumnexplains,dailyshowersarecommonduetosocialnormsmorethananyproperhealthneed.Weconnectbeingfreshlyshoweredwithbeingattractiveandpleasing,sowetendtoshoweringoftentofeelbetter.

Butwhat'stheidealshowerfrequency?Intermsofyourhealth—nothowyoulookorsmell—probablyonceortwiceaweek,assistantprofessorofdermatologyatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity,Dr.C.BrandonMitchellsays.“Yourbodyisnaturallyawell-oiledmachine,”hesays.“Adailyshowerisn'tnecessary.”

Ofcourse,yoursituationmayvary.Ifyouhaveajoblikecarmaintenanceorconstruction,you'llobviouslyhaveavisiblelayerofdirtyou'llneedtowashoffeverysingleday.Similarly,ifyouworkouteveryday,youmaynothaveanyhealthrisksbywashingeveryday,butyou'llstillbesmelly.Ifyoufeellikeyouneedtotakedailyshowersforaesthetic（审美的）reasons,atleastmakemostofthemlightshowers.“Itellpatientswhoshowerdailynottosoaptheirwholebodies,”Mitchellsays.Hityourpits,buttandgroin,whicharetheareasthatproducestrongsmells.Therestofyourbodydoesn'tneedmuchsoaping,hesays.

Toomuchtimespentunderthehotwatercandryoutyourskin,causecracks（裂纹）thatcanleadtoinfectionsorgermsgettingintoyourskin,andtakeawaythenaturaloilsonyourskinthathelpkeepithealthy.So,evenifyou'reaimingtobeyourmostpresentable,besuretokeepitmoderatetoavoidhurtingyourskininthelongrun.（1）Accordingtothepassage,whydomostpeopleshowerdaily?A.

Tomeethealthneed.

B.

Towashoffdirt.C.

Toaddtoattraction.

D.

Togetrelaxation.（2）Whichofthefollowingpeoplemightbeadvisedtoshoweronceortwiceaweek?A.

Officestaff

B.

Carmaintainer

C.

Buildingworkers

D.

Gym-goers（3）Theunderlinedphrase“lightshowers”inPara

.4referstotheshowersinwhich________.A.

brightlightsareequipped

B.

alittlesoapingisinvolvedC.

gentleskintouchesareallowed

D.

lesshotwaterisused（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.

ShoweringDailyBecomesaCustom

B.

DailyShowerDoesNoGoodtoYouC.

ProtectYourSkinWhenShowering

D.

YouProbablyNeedn'tShowerDaily【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体健康有害。如果不是每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作，普通人一周洗一两次澡足够了。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Weconnectbeingfreshlyshoweredwithbeing