福建省龙岩市上杭县某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省龙岩市上杭县某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThemeparksandamusementparkswillbestandingtallthisseason,notjustinthesenseofproudlydisplayingtheirshiny,brandspankingnewrides.Themostexpectedrideof2020,however,willtakeyouforaface-to-faceencounterwiththrillingadventure.BansheeatKingsIsland,Mason,Ohio.Inverted(倒置的)featuretrainsthathangsuspendedfromthetrackaboveandleavepassengers’legshanging.TheytypicallyoffertightturnswithlotsofpositiveG-forces.Witharidetimeof2minutes40secondsandatracklengthof4,124+feet,Bansheeistheworld’slongestinvertedcoasterandisgettingsomanypraisesfromridefans.Thatisreallywonderfulandexciting.DespicableMeMinionMayhematUniversalStudiosHollywood,LosAngeles,California.TheextremelysillycharactersfromthepopularDespicableMemoviebringtheirpowerfulfunnyactionstoanengaging4-Dridefilm.It’sloadedwithlaughs,andlikethemovies,includessomesurprisinglytouchingmomentsaswell.GoliathatSixFlagsGreatAmerica,Gurnee,Illinois.Thecreativecompanythatisbuildingthisnewcoasterhasanimpressivetrackrecordofdeliveringincrediblysmoothandsatisfyingthrillmachines.SotheexpectationishighforGoliath,whichwillboasta180-foot,85-degreedropandatopspeedof72mph,whichwillmakeittheworld'stallest,fastest,andsteepestwoodencoaster.SevenDwarfsMineTrainatMagicKingdom,WaltDisneyWorld,LakeBuenaVista,Florida.It’sbothamildlythrillingcoasterwithauniquecradle(摇篮)designthatallowsthecarstoswingbackandforthandaforcing“darkride”thattakesguestsintothecolourfulminetoseetheSevenDwarfsatwork.Theanimatedcharactersareparticularlystrikingintheattraction,whichisthecapstoneofthepark’sNewFantasylandexpansion.1.HowdoesridefansfeelafterridingBanshee?A.Wonderfulandexcited. B.Surprisedandangry.C.Disappointed. D.Hopelessandhappy.2.WhatisGoliathmadeof?A.Steel. B.Wood. C.Bamboo. D.Iron.3.HowisthecradledesignofSevenDwarfsMineTrain?A.Ittakesguestsintothecolourfulmine.B.Ithasanimpressivetrackrecord.C.Itbringstheirpowerfulfunnyactionstoanengaging4-Dridefilm.D.Itallowsthecarstoswingbackandforth.BMayaGanesh’spassionforenvironmentalrestorationcanbetracedbackto1995,whenshehadjustgraduatedfromuniversityanddiscoveredherinterestinenvironmentaleconomics,which,atthetime,wasnotseenasprofitable.So,owingtofamilypressure,shecouldn’tpursueherdreamandendedupwithabusinesscareer,butherpassionforitremained.Itwashermother’sencouragementthatbroughtaturningpoint.“WhenIwas38,shesaid,‘Whydon’tyoudoitnow?’”Mayarecalls.Initiallyhesitantaboutstartingfromzero,sheeventuallypursuedaMaster’sinEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopmentintheUK.InspiredbyLondon’sAllotmentSystem,whereresidentscouldgrowtheirfoodongovernment-assignedplots,Mayadevotedherselftocommunity-drivensustainableinitiativesinEastLondon.In2016,shewalkedintoHeadmaster’sofficeofaglobalschooltosuggesttheideaofaschoolgardenasaninterdisciplinary(跨学科的)learningspace.Mayasuggestedtheyshouldnotdoanylandscapingintheschoolbutlethercreateaschoolgardeninstead.Theprojectwasdesignedasasparetimecourse,wherestudentscouldlearnaboutorganicfarming—whatMayareferstoas“regenerativeagriculture”.“WestartedwithGrade7,”Mayarecalls.“Startingfromscratchwasalotofwork,butwithsomelabour,thegardenbegantotakeshape.ByJuly2018,studentshadcreatedtwoforestpatches,diggingpits,addingbiomass,andplantingdiversecrops.Yearslater,thesestudentsareseeingthefruitsoftheirwork.”TheactivityisnowopentostudentsfromkindergartentoGrade12.Mayaeducatesthestudentsontheimportanceofpreservingtraditionalvarietiesthroughseedsaving,ensuringtheyunderstandthevalueofbiodiversity.Since2019,thegardenhasexpanded,andtheprojecthasalsobecomefinanciallyself-supplying.Studentsharvestcropsaspartoftheirclasses.Mayaemphasizesthatthegardenisnotaproductionunitbutalearningspace.Thekidstakehomesomeoftheproduce,andthemothersarehappy.Theysellthespareproducetotheschoolandthecommunity,allowingthegardentofunditstoolsandresources.Thismodelnotonlyengagesthestudentsbutalsofostersasenseofresponsibilityandappreciationforsustainablepractices.4.WhatcausedMayatopickupherdreamagain?A.Thepressurefromhermother.B.Thesuccessofherbusinesscareer.C.Thesupportfromherfamily.D.Thepotentialofenvironmentaleconomics.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutMaya’s“regenerativeagriculture”?A.ItispartofLondon’sAllotmentSystem.B.Itisaprojectfundedbythegovernment.C.Itisintendedtobeaformalschoolcourse.D.Itintroducesstudentstoorganicfarming.6.WhatdoesMayafocusonwhilecarryingoutherprogram?A.Theexpansionofthegarden. B.Theimportanceoftradition.C.Theharvestofthecrops. D.Theawarenessofsustainability.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMaya?A.Passionateandgenerous. B.Innovativeandcommitted.C.Honestandconsiderate. D.Selflessandtolerant.CCultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbyasetofdynamicvariables:language,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetics,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentlieinthefactthatonecannotlearnculture—onehastoliveinit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging(会合).Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmustadaptbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopia(近视)orevenblindness.Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargecompaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary(对手);knowyouraudience;andknowyourcustomer.8.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Viewsdifferonhowtotreatcultureinbusinessworld.B.Allinternationalmanagerscanlearnculture.C.Businessdiversityisnotnecessary.D.Mostpeopledonotknowforeignculturewell.9.Accordingtotheauthor,themodelofPepsi________.A.isdifferentfromthemodelofMcDonald’sB.showsthereverseofglobalizationC.hasconvergedculturaldifferencesD.isinlinewiththetheoriesthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround10.Thetwoschoolsofthought________.A.bothproposethatcompaniesshouldadaptbusinessapproachestoindividualculturesB.bothadvocatethatdifferentpoliciesbesetupindifferentcountriesC.bothadmittheexistenceofculturaldiversityinbusinessworldD.bothAandB11.Thisarticleissupposedtobemostusefulforthose________.A.whoareinterestedinresearchingthetopicofculturaldiversityB.whohaveconnectionstomorethanonetypeofcultureC.whowanttorunbusinessoninternationalscaleD.whowanttotravelabroadDWhat’sthepurposeofyourstudy?It’sthequestionmanybasic-scienceresearchersfear.Andit’sthequestionthatCarlyAnneYorkreceived10yearsagofromavolunteer.Atthattime,YorkwasaPh.D.studentstudyingsquid(鱿鱼).Whenaskedwhymoneyshouldbespentonwhatthevolunteercalled“sillyscience,”Yorkcouldonlyrespondbystressingtheessentialvalueofknowledge.Today,York,ananimalphysiologist,stilldoesn’tknowhowherdoctoralresearchcandirectlybenefithumankind.Butafteradecadeofstudyinghowanimalsinteractwiththeirenvironments,Yorkhascometorealizethatthefocusonimmediateapplicationsisnotthegoalofbasicscience.Rather,itseekstodeeplyunderstandnaturalevents.Thatdoesn’tmeantheresearchisworthless.AsYorkdetailsinhernewbook,TheSalmonCannonandtheLevitatingFrog,projectsthatcouldbeconsideredsillyoruselesscanleadtoscientificadvancesthatbetterourlives.Takethestudyofseafireflies.Thetinycreature’sglow(发光)hadpuzzledscientistsfordecades.Researchersknewthatsomethingproducedtheshine,butmanyavoidedstudyingitbecauseitwasconsideredchallengingandprobablyuselesstohumans.ThatwasuntilJapanesechemistOsamuShimomurafounditin1956.Basedonthiswork,Shimomuraandhisteamdidfurtherresearchonjellyfish,andidentifiedtwooftheproteins(蛋白质)responsibleforitsglow,whichtransformedbiologicalresearchandmedicine.Forinstance,doctorsnowusetheproteinstobetterseeandavoidnerves(神经)duringsurgery,aswellastotrackthespreadofcancercellsinthebody.ThediscoveryearnedShimomurathe2008NobelPrizeinchemistry.Skillfullyusingherwisdom,Yorkremindsusinherbookthatit’snearlyimpossibleforascienceprojecttofollowadirectpaththatresultsinanimmediatelyapplicableoutcome.ThisbookisatimelyreminderespeciallywhentheU.S.governmentcutssciencefundingtoday.“Iamalsoappreciativeofthescientistswhobuiltthepathtoadvancebasicresearch,”Yorkwrites.“Ihopethatafterreadingthisbookyouwillbeaswell?”12.Whatcanweinferfromthequestioninthefirstparagraph?A.ThevalueofYork’sworkwasdoubted.B.MuchmoneywaswastedonYork’sstudy.C.Researchersfearedthefailureoftheirwork.D.Mostresearchworklackedspecificpurposes13.WhatisthegoalofbasicscienceaccordingtoYork?A.Tohaveimmediateapplications. B.Tocreatelife-changinginventions.C.Tounderstandthenaturalworld. D.Tobuildhuman-naturerelationship.14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthestudyofseafireflies?A.Costlyandworthless. B.Importantbutfruitless.C.Practicalbutoutdated. D.Inspiringandrewarding15.WhatwouldYorkprobablysuggestaboutbasic-scienceresearch?A.Promotingtheoutcome. B.Shorteningtheprocess.C.Supportingthefunding. D.Improvingtheapplication.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LifelonglearningandtheFutureofWork:ChallengesandOpportunitiesOurworldisundergoingdramaticandtransformativechangetechnological,organizational,andclimaticpresentingnewchallengestothefutureofwork.Theseglobaltrendsarehavingasignificantimpactonskills.____16____.Thatisbecauseskillsacquiredtodaymayquicklybecomeobsolete(淘汰的).TheconceptoflifelonglearninghasbeenaroundfordecadesandtheILO(InternationalLabourOrganization)hasadoptednumerousnormativeinstrumentsandpoliciesrelatedtolifelonglearning.____17____.Intheolddays,wecouldsaylet’sgotoschool,getqualifiedforajob,enterthelabourmarketandthat’sthejoboflearningdone.Now,peopleneedtolearnhowtolearnbecauselearningisgoingtobeafeatureofthetransitionstheyaregoingtogothroughthroughouttheirlives.Lifelonglearningaffectsusall.____18____,fromearlychildhoodandbasiceducationtoadultlearningandupskillingtotakeadvantageofchange.Itisaglobalconceptapplyingtodevelopedanddevelopingeconomies.Anditrequirestheactiveengagementandsupportofgovernments,employersandworkers.____19____?There’snoonesizefitsallstrategy.Buttherearethingswecando.Developfoundationalandcoreworkskills.Improvevocationalguidanceandlabourmarketdata.Recognizebothformalandinformalskillslearning.Improvecoordinationandensureequitable(公平的)accesstolearning.Ultimately,lifelonglearningisthekeyforpeopletobeabletobenefitfromnewwaysofworking.____20____.A.DoIneedtobeactiveinlifelonglearningB.Manyoftoday’sskillswon’tmatchtomorrow’sjobsC.HowdoweadaptlifelonglearningtoournewrealityD.ItiscentraltomanagingthetransitionswefaceoverthelifecycleE.AnditwilllightthepathonourjourneytoabrighterfutureatworkF.ItiseasytosaythatpeopleneedtokeeplearningthroughouttheircareersG.Butthetransformativechangehappeningnowisreshapingitsdefinitionsandgivingitnewimportance第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastSunday,myclasswenttovisittheYuanLongpingMemorialHall.WeallknewMr.Yuanwasagreatscientistwhohelpedsolvethefoodproblemformanypeople.Ourteachertoldustotakenotebooksto____21____importantthingswelearned.​Whenwearrived,aguidegreeteduswarmly.ShetookustothefirsthallandshowedusphotosofMr.Yuan.Wesawhimworkinginthefields—healwaysworeasimplehatand____22____clothes.TheguidetoldusMr.Yuanspentmostofhislife____23____hybridrice.Eveninhis80s,hestillwenttothefieldseverydaytocheckthecrops.Sometimeshewouldstayinthefieldsthewhole____24____towatchhowthericegrew.​Inanotherroom,thereweresomeofMr.Yuan’soldthings:abrokennotebook,ausedpen,andapairofmuddyshoes.Thenotebookwasfullofhis____25____aboutriceresearch.IfeltmovedwhenIlookedatthesethings—theyshowedhowhardMr.Yuanworked.Aclassmateofmineeventookaphotoofthenotebookto____26____it.​Then,wewatchedashortvideo.IttoldthestoryofhowMr.Yuan____27____hybridrice.Atfirst,manypeoplethoughtitwasimpossible.ButMr.Yuannevergaveup.Afteryearsofhardwork,hefinally____28____.Hisricecouldfeedmillionsmorepeople.Thevideomademanyofus____29____—wewereallproudofhim.​Beforeweleft,wewrotedownourfeelingsonawall.Iwrote,“Mr.Yuan,youareourhero.Wewilllearnfromyour_____30_____andkeepworkinghard.”Onthewaybacktoschool,myclassmatesandItalkedalot.Weallagreedthatthisvisitwasvery_____31_____.WelearnednotonlyaboutMr.Yuan’sachievementsbutalsoabouthisspiritof_____32_____.​IthinkeveryoneshouldrememberMr.Yuan.Hisworkhaschangedtheworldforthebetter,andhisstorywill_____33_____ustotryourbestforalongtime.Thistripmademeunderstandthattruesuccesscomesfromhardworkand_____34_____toone’sdream.IdecidedtostudyhardersothatIcan_____35_____somethingusefulforourcountrytoo.​21.A.writedown B.lookfor C.throwaway D.giveup​22.A.clean B.expensive C.simple D.beautiful​23.A.studying B.selling C.eating D.buying​24.A.night B.day C.week D.month​25.A.drawings B.notes C.stories D.poems​26.A.forget B.hide C.remember D.lose​27.A.found B.lost C.forgot D.hid​28.A.failed B.succeeded C.stopped D.left​29.A.cry B.smile C.shout D.laugh​30.A.laziness B.kindness C.hardness D.courage​31.A.boring B.useless C.meaningful D.difficult​32.A.givingup B.keepingon C.showingoff D.turningback​33.A.encourage B.stop C.warn D.frighten​34.A.gift B.hope C.devotion D.doubt​35.A.make B.do C.have D.get​第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerous___36___(contribution)totheworld,themostwell-known___37___(be)thegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius;hewasa___38___(courage)andkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.ThisgentlegeniuswasborninGermanyon14March1879.Whenhewas16,hetriedtoenteruniversityinSwitzerland,butfailedduetohislowscoresinthegeneralpartoftheentranceexam,___39___obtainingexceptionalscoresinmathsandphysics.Afterstudyingforanotheryear,hemanagedtopasstheexam,___40___(enter)universityin1896andgraduatingin1900.Aftertwoyearsoflookingforworkasateacher,EinsteintookajobasaclerkintheSwisspatentoffice.Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.Thatsameyear,___41___waslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers.Followingthis,he___42___(gradual)becamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIsaacNewton.Afterfouryears,hewasabletoquithisjobatthepatentofficeandenterresearchfull-timeatauniversity.In1922,he___43___(award)the1921NobelPrizeforPhysicsforhis___44___(explain)ofthephotoelectriceffect.Tothepublic,hewasseenasaslightlyodd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.Hehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,whichsometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceived____45____electricshock.On18April1955,itwasreportedthatEinsteinhadpassedaway,andthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.你校英文报正在进行主题为“我最崇拜的科学家”的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.科学家简介；2.你崇拜的原因。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置上作答。ThescientistIadmiremost____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThesunwashardlyupthatChristmasmorning,somostofthelightinthelivingroomcamefromthelittlelightsonthetree.I’dgottenupearlytoplugitin(接通电源)andbringalittleextramagicintothehousebeforemydaughterwalkeddownthestairstoopenhergifts.Giftshadbeenplacedaroundt