福建省宁德市柘荣县某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省宁德市柘荣县某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATeenvolunteeropportunitiesarethebestwaytolearnthevaluesofresponsibilityandenhanceproblem-solvingskills.Hereareafewvolunteeropportunitiesforyoutotakeup.CareforpetsAnimalsheltersandhomelesssheltersarethebestplacesforanimallovers.Atypicaldayvolunteeringatananimalshelterwouldinvolvehelpingwiththeadoptionprocess,feedinganimalsandcleaningupafteranimals.ParticipateinabeachcleanupTeenscanassociatewithalocalenvironmentalorganizationforabeachpreservation.Thisisagreatwaytolearnaboutecologyandcontributetoitsimprovementinahands-onmanner.Theopportunityinvolvesoutdooractivitiesandisagoodplatformtoconnectwithgreenadvocates.VolunteeratasummercampAjobasa‘Counselor-in-Training’isagreatfitforteens.Itteachesthemorganizationskillsbytrainingunderexperts.Teenagerscanlearncommunicationskillsandbenefitfromthereal-timefeedbackfromchildrenandparents.Itisalsoanexcellentopportunitytolearnoutdoorsupportskills,suchasCPRandfirstaid.VolunteeratalocalhospitalLocalhospitalsarealwaysonthelookoutforahelpinghand.Whetherit’schattingwithresidents,greetingvisitorsortransportingpatientstothecafeteria,alittlehelpgoesalongway!Afewhospitalsmayhaveanagelimitandrequirevolunteerstogetbasictrainingandcommittheirtimeeachweek.1.Whichvolunteeropportunitysuitsenvironmentalistsbest?A.Careforpets. B.Volunteeratalocalhospital.C.Volunteeratasummercamp. D.Participateinabeachcleanup.2.Whatcanvolunteersbenefitfromajobatasummercamp?A.Theycanacquireessentialemergencymedicalskills.B.Theycanreceiveguidancefrombiologists.C.Theycanprogressinacademicperformance.D.Theycangainindependenceinoutdooractivities.3.Whatisspecialaboutvolunteeringatalocalhospital?A.Itwelcomesvolunteersofallages. B.Itmayinvolveinteractionswithdoctors.C.Itmaycallforweeklytimedevotion. D.Itfocusesontransportingpatients.BIwassittinginachemistrylabclassduringmyfirstyearofuniversity,nervousabouttheexperimentweweretoperform.Igrabbedapipetteand,asIfeared,myhandstartedtoshake.Theexperiencewasdisheartening.Iwashopingtopursueacareerinscience,butIstartedtowonderwhetherthatwouldbepossible.Ithoughtmydreamshadcrashedtotheground.Iwasaboybornwithbraindamage.Myfamilymanagedtofindgooddoctorswherewelived,inLeningrad(nowSt.Petersburg),Russia,andItookpartinclinicaltrialstestingnewtreatments.Shortlyaftermyfirstbirthday,Istartedwalkinganditbecameclearmyintelligencefunctionwasunaffected.So,insomesense,Iwaslucky.Still,Icouldn’tdosomethingsgrowingup.Bothhandsshook,especiallywhenIwasnervousorembarrassed.Mylefthandwasmuchworsethanmyright,soIlearnedtowriteanddosimpletaskswithmyrighthand,butitwasn’teasytodoanythingprecisely.Asateenager,Ifacedalotofbullyingatschool.Feelingalone,Ijoinedastudygroupcalled“Thenaturalworld”.Ithoughtthatgettingintotheworldofanimalswouldkeepmeawayfrompeople.That’showIcameintothefieldofbiology.Atuniversity,Ienjoyedthelecturesinmyscienceclasses.Manylabtasksprovedimpossible,however.AsIstruggledwithmymood,Ireadabookaboutdepression.Fromthenon,thephysiologyofmentaldisordersbecamemyscientificpassion.Ilookedintowhatwasbeingdonelocallyandwasexcitedtodiscoveralabthatdidbehavioralexperimentsinratstostudydepression.Attheendofmysecondyear,IapproachedtheprofessorofthelabtoseewhetherIcouldworkwithher.IwasafraidtoadmitIcouldn’tdosomelabtasks.Tomyrelief,shewascompletelysupportive.Shesetmetoworkperformingbehavioralexperimentsforothersinthelabwiththehelpofcolleagues.Ilovedthesupportiveatmosphereandstayedtheretocompletemymaster’sandPh.D.I’vecometorealizethatmyhandsaren’tthebarrierIthoughttheywere.Bymakinguseofmyabilitiesandworkingaspartofateam,I’vebeenabletofollowmypassions.I’vealsorealizedthatthere’smuchmoretobeingascientistthanperformingthephysicallabor.Imaynotcollectallthedatainmypapers,butI’mfullycapableofdesigningexperimentsandinterpretingresults,which,tome,isthemostexcitingpartofscience.4.Whatwastheauthor’sdream?A.Toliveanormallife.B.Tobecomeascientist.C.Togetamaster’sdegree.D.Torecoverfromdepression.5.TheauthorsaidhewasluckyinParagraph2because_______.A.hedidn’tlosethefunctionofbothhandsB.helearnedhowtowalkattheageofoneC.hisfamilycouldaffordtoseegooddoctorsD.hisbraindamagedidn’taffecthisintellectualcapacity6.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Theteaminthelaburgedhimtofurtherhisstudy.B.Theauthorfinallyfinishedthelabtasksonhisown.C.Theauthor’sexperienceinspiredhimtohelpothers.D.Theauthor’slonelinessledhimtotheworldofbiology.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoexpress?A.Lovingyourselfmakesadifference.B.Opportunityfollowspreparedpeople.C.Abrightfuturebeginswithasmalldream.D.Thesunsomehowshinesthroughthestorm.CPeoplearealreadypayingmoreandmoreforfoodduetoglobalwarming—andrisingtemperatureswilldrivefoodpricesalothigherinthenextdecade.AccordingtoastudybytheEuropeanCentralBank,by2035,highertemperaturesalonewillbepushingupworldwidefoodpricesbybetween0.9%and3.2%everysingleyear.Tofindouthowthisisaffectingfoodprices,MaximilianKotzatthePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearchandhiscolleaguesexamineddataonthemonthlypricesandweatherconditionsin121countriesbetween1996and2021.Bylookingforassociationsbetweenfoodpricesandfactorssuchastheaveragemonthlytemperature,temperaturechanges,andmeasuresofdroughtandextremerainfall,theyfoundastronglinkbetweentheaveragetemperatureandthefoodpricesamonthorsolater.Inregionsnorthof40degrees,likethelatitude(纬度)ofNewYorkCityandBeijing,warmer-than-averagetemperaturesduringwinterledtofallingfoodprices.Butabove-averagetemperaturesincreasedfoodpricesinsummerandatalltimesintherestoftheworld.“Thestudydidn’tlookatwhypricesrose,butthelikelyexplanationisthatextremeheatisreducingyields,’’Kotzsays.“Cropsmaybedryingoutonthevine(藤)whentheyshouldbebeingharvested.’’Factorssuchasextremerainfallhadlessimpactonfoodpricesthanaveragetemperatures.Thismaybebecausefloodingtendstobelocalized,whileabove-averagetemperaturescanbeverywidespread.Otherstudieshavereachedsimilarconclusions.Kotz’steamthenwentfurtherbyinvestigatinghowfoodpricescouldchangebasedonaveragetemperaturerisesinclimatemodelprediction.Intheworstsituation,globalfoodinflation(食品通胀)duetoclimatechangegoesover4%peryearby2060.“Weneedtobeawareofthefactthatclimatechangebringshugenewchallengesforfoodsecurity,’’saysKotz.“Warming-fueledextremeweatherisincreasinglyaffectingfoodproductionaroundtheworld.Iffarmersdon’tadapttheirpracticestobettercopewithrisingtemperatures,thelosseswillbecomemoreserious.’’8.Whatdoesthestudyfocuson?A.Theimpactofclimatechangeonfoodprices.B.Thefactorsintherisinglivingcosts.C.Theeffectsofnaturaldisastersonfoodproduction.D.Thecomparisonoffoodpricesindifferentregions.9.Howdidresearchersreachtheirconclusions?A.Byconductingasurveyamongfarmers. B.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.C.Bytrackingsomecitiesforyears. D.Byanalyzingamassofdata.10.WhatisthemainreasonfortherisingfoodpricesaccordingtoKotz?A.Frequentrainfall. B.Extremehightemperature.C.Theincreasingdemandforcrops. D.Theinfluenceoftradepolicies.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Tocallonpeopletopayattentiontofoodsecurity.B.Tourgefarmerstotakeactionstodealwiththeclimateissue.C.Topredictthelosscausedbytheheatwave.D.Toexplainthesituationofglobalfoodinflation.DAdvocatesofAIchatbotsineducationalsettingssaythetoolscanassistinactivitieslikebrainstorming—orhelpstudentsgetstartedontoughmathproblems.ButmanyteacherssaytheirstudentsareshortoftheskillstoimproveuponwhatAIproduces,orthematurity(成熟)andself-awarenesstoknowwheretheworkofAIendsandtheirownresponsibilitybegins.A2024studyofnearly1,000highschoolstudentsputthemattertoatest:9th,10th,and11thgradersattendedabriefmathlesson,thenpractisedsolvingrelatedproblemsinpreparationforaquiz.Somereliedontraditionalmethods—consultingtheirnotesandtextbookstofindpossibleanswers—whileothershadaccesstoabasicversionoratutorversion(辅导版)ofChatGPT.Theresultswereasuccessoftechnology—untiltheyweren’t.StudentsusingthebasicandtutorGPTsscoredanastonishing48percentand127percentbetterthantheirpeersduringthepractices,respectively,butwhenthesamestudentswenttogetbacktheinformationfromtheirmemoryduringafollow-upclosed-booktest,theirmathskillshaddisappeared.TestperformanceofthestudentswhohadusedthebasicversionofChatGPTdroppedsosharplythattheyscored17percentbelowtheirpeerswhohadreliedonpenandpaper.Giventheopportunity,studentsusedthesoftwareasa“crutch”andoftenskippedstraighttotheanswer,theresearchersconcluded.Whenappliedatkeymoments,thetechnologyactually“runstheriskofblockinglearning.”ButChatGPTandothersimilarAItoolsaren’toutofthegame.Inseveralstudies,thetoolsperformedwellwhendesignedtoguidestudentlearning-byrefusingtogiveawayanswers,forexample,oraskingin-depthfollow-upquestions.AIismakingrapidprogress,butisn’tathreattoreplaceteachers.Fornow,it’sonlyassmartasitshumanmakers.12.WhatisaproblemofstudentswhenusingAIchatbots?A.TheyarenotawareofhowAIchatbotswork.B.TheylacktheabilitytoemployAIeffectively.C.TheyareincapableofimprovingAIchatbots.D.Theyrefusetotaketheirownresponsibility.13.HowdidGPTusersperformcomparedtostudentsusingtraditionalmethods?A.BasicGPTusersperformedbestduringthepractices.B.TutorGPTusersscored127%betterduringthetest.C.BasicGPTusers’performancedroppedduringthetest.D.TutorGPTusersscored17%lowerduringthepractices.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crutch”meaninparagraph3?A.Adevicetohelppeoplewalk. B.Astrategytodeepenlearning.C.Atooltoimprovemathskills. D.Ashortcuttofindquickanswers.15.WhatareAItoolsexpectedtodoineducationsetting?A.Enhancestudents’thinkingability. B.FollowAIdesigners’instructions.C.Givein-depthanswersinstantly. D.Replacetraditionalteachingmethods.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Togetthemostoutofliteraryworks,onemustapproachthemwithintentionandskill.Herearefivekeystrategiestoenhanceyourreadingexperience.Engagewiththetext.Engagementiscrucialwhenreadingliterature.____16____.Askquestionsasyouread:Whydidthecharacterdothat?Whatdoesthisscenesymbolize?Whatmighttheauthorbetryingtosay?Thisactiveengagementhelpsyoutothinkcriticallyandtoimmerse(沉浸在)yourselfintheliteraryworld.Understandthehistoricalandculturalcontext.____17____.Itreflectsthecultureinwhichitwaswritten.Byresearchingthehistoricalperiod,theauthor’slife,andthesocialnorms(规范)ofthetime,youcangainadeeperunderstandingofthetext.____18____.Literatureisanartformthatuseslanguageincreativeandoftencomplexways.Payattentiontotheauthor’suseofliterarydevicessuchasimagery,symbolism,metaphor,andirony.Knowingthesetechniquescanrevealhiddenlayersofmeaningandgiveyouagreaterappreciationoftheauthor’scraft.Reflectonthemesandpersonalrelevance.Greatliteratureoftendealswiththemesthatareuniversalandtimeless.Reflectonthethemesyouencounterinthetextandconsiderhowtheyrelatetoyourownexperiencesandbeliefs.____19____.Besides,itcanofferinsightsintoboththeliteratureandyourownlife.Discussandshareinsights.Literatureismeanttobesharedanddiscussed.Conversationswithotherscanenhanceyourunderstandingandenjoymentofatext.Joinabookclub,participateinonlineforums,orsimplydiscussthebookwithfriendsorclassmates.Thesediscussionscanprovideyouwithnewperspectives(观点).____20____A.ThinkofwordsinthebookB.AnalyzeliterarytechniquesC.EverypieceofliteratureisaproductofitstimeD.TheycanlessenyourappreciationoftheliteratureE.InteractingwithotherswillleadyouaboutthebookF.ThispersonalconnectioncanmakereadingmoremeaningfulG.Thismeansactivelyinteractingwiththetext,notjustreadingthewords第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2014,Amycollapsedfromabrainhemorrhage(脑溢血)whileworking.Afterayearrecoveringathome,she____21____acoursewiththeambitiontobecomea____22____However,occasionalvisiondisturbancewasstill____23____,influencingtheamountof____24____shecouldgivetothecourse.Furthercomplications(并发症)lefttheyoungartistalmostcompletelyblind,makingitdifficulttoseeawholefigure.It’sparticularly____25____becauseitseemedto____26____heroptimismtobeapainter!Onemorning,whenwatchingthesunrise,shesuddenlyfeltasenseof____27____.Sherealizedthatshemaynot____28____awholefaceanymore,butitshouldn’tstopherfromputtingwhatshecouldseeoncanvas(画布).Thefollowingyears,she____29____herspecialartjourney.“Strangely,myexperiencehasincreasedmy_____30_____whendrawing,enablingmetocatchacharacterbetter,”sheexplains.“Peopleoftenspeakhighlyofthedetailandsensitivityofthecharacter.Ihavemoredeterminationandappreciationformy_____31_____.Theseare_____32_____Iwouldn’thavehadwithouteverythingI’ve_____33_____.”Forhernewtouringexhibition,shehasproducedaseriesofartworksbasedonhervisualexperience.“Inthe_____34_____interactionbetweenwhatIcanandcannotseeliesmyperspectiveontheworld.”Sometimes,wecanturnalossintoagain:somethinguniqueandindividualthathasbeengiftedtousbynever_____35_____21.A.switchedon B.signedupfor C.calledon D.keptintouchwith22.A.librarian B.painter C.witness D.doctor23.A.crucial B.essential C.present D.distant24.A.donation B.occupation C.credit D.energy25.A.embarrassing B.rewarding C.depressing D.opposing26.A.assess B.ruin C.reveal D.conflict27.A.thankfulness B.achievement C.belongings D.security28.A.draw B.obtain C.see D.found29.A.ceased B.started C.adopted D.detected30.A.sensitivity B.taste C.eyesight D.attention31.A.talent B.display C.interaction D.vision32.A.gifts B.challenges C.awards D.pains33.A.livedoff B.goneafter C.appealedto D.survivedthrough34.A.misty B.abnormal C.automatic D.regular35.A.losing B.leaving C.failing D.quitting第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGreatBarrierReef(GBR)istheworld’slargestcoralreefsystem.____36____(locate)offthecoastofQueenslandinnorth-eastAustralia,itisoneofthefewbiologicalstructures____37____(visibility)fromspace.TheGBRisoneofthesevenwondersoftheworldand____38____(select)asaWorldHeritageSitein1981.Itisblessedwithbreathtakingbeautywith2,900individualreefsand900picturesquetropicalislands____39____(stretch)forover2,000kilometers.Thereefstructureiscomposedofbillionsoftinyorganisms,____40____supportawidediversityofmarinelife.ThesheersizeoftheGBR,aswellasitsbeauty,____41____(draw)peoplefromallovertheworldeachyear.Avisitorcanenjoythrillingexperiencesincludinghelicoptertours,glass-bottomedboatviewing,whalewatching,swimmingwithdolphinsandsoon.ForAustralians,thereefis____42____sourceofprideandenjoyment,withthemajorityoftouristscoming____43____(special)toAustraliatoseeit.However,theGBRisunderthreat.Theexploitationofoilandgasisdrivingindustrial____44____(expand)alongmuchofthenortherQueenslandcoast.Recently,aresearchgrouphasarrivedinAustraliatoinvestigateconcernsofdamage____45____theGBR.EnvironmentalistsaredemandingthatallindustrialdevelopmentbestoppeduntilanofficialreviewofthehealthoftheGBRiscarriedout.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是校英文报编辑李华，你校科技社团在上周举行了一个“用VR游中国”(AVirtualTouraroundChina)体验活动，让同学们能够通过VR眼镜游览祖国著名景点。请你在校英文报上撰写一则新闻稿，内容包括：1.活动介绍；2.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。AVirtualTourAroundChina______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写(共1题，满分25分)47.阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asasinglemother,I’veneverdoubtedmydaughterJane’sdreamtobeasingeronthestage.Atanearlyage,shewascrazyaboutsinging.Whenevershehadachance,shewouldsingtoherheart’scontent.Hersweetandcharmingvoicetendedtogetpeoplearoundattractedtohersongs.Livinginasmallcity,Itooksevera