Unit 5 词汇备课2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

人教版九上unit5词汇备课1.invention/ɪnˈvenʃn/n.发明；创造·近义词：creationn.创造·反义词：destructionn.毁灭·词性转换：inventv.发明；inventorn.发明家；inventiveadj.有发明才能的·固定搭配：theinventionof…的发明·例句：Theinventionofthesmartphonehaschangedourdailylife.(智能手机的发明改变了我们的日常生活。)·练习题：1.Edisonwasagreat______(invent),withoverathousand______(invent)tohisname.2.She______(invention)anewtypeofenergy-savingdevicelastyear.·答案与解析：1.inventor;inventions(第一空需要“发明家”，第二空需要“发明”的复数形式)2.invented(句子缺谓语，且时间为lastyear，用invent的过去式)2.camera/ˈkæmərə/n.照相机；（电影）摄影机·固定搭配：digitalcamera数码相机；oncamera在镜头前·例句：Healwaystakesacamerawithhimwhentraveling.(他旅行时总是带着相机。)·练习题：1.Thephotographersetuphis______(camera)tocapturethesunset.2.Manysmartphonesnowhavebuilt-in______(camera)thatareverypowerful.·答案与解析：1.camera(单数，特指他的相机)2.cameras(复数，表示多数相机的功能)3.engine/ˈendʒɪn/n.发动机·近义词：motorn.马达·词性转换：engineern.工程师；engineeringn.工程学·固定搭配：searchengine搜索引擎；jetengine喷气发动机·例句：Thecar’senginemakesastrangenoise.(这辆车的发动机发出奇怪的声音。)·练习题：1.Shewantstobean______(engine)whenshegrowsup.2.The______(engine)ofthetrainbrokedownhalfway.·答案与解析：1.engineer(需要“工程师”)2.engine(主语需要“发动机”单数)4.fuel/ˈfjuːəl/n.燃料v.供燃料；加剧·近义词：energysource能源；gasolinen.汽油·词性转换：refuelv.加油·固定搭配：fossilfuel化石燃料；fuelefficiency燃油效率·例句：Theshortageoffuelhasledtohigherprices.(燃料短缺导致价格上涨。)·练习题：1.Weneedto______(fuel)thecarbeforethelongtrip.2.Airplanesconsumeahugeamountof______(fuel).·答案与解析：1.fuel(动词，“加油”)2.fuel(名词，“燃料”)5.laptop/ˈlæptɒp/n.笔记本电脑·近义词：notebookcomputer笔记本·反义词：desktopcomputer台式电脑·固定搭配：laptopbag笔记本包；gaminglaptop游戏本·例句：Studentsoftenuselaptopstotakenotesinclass.(学生们常在课堂上用笔记本电脑记笔记。)·练习题：1.My______(laptop)batteryonlylaststwohoursnow.2.Helefthis______(laptop)onthetrainandnevergotitback.·答案与解析：1.laptop(单数)2.laptop(单数)6.high-speedtrain高速列车·近义词：bullettrain子弹头列车·反义词：slowtrain慢车·固定搭配：high-speedrailway高速铁路·例句：Thehigh-speedtrainfromBeijingtoShanghaitakesonlyaboutfourhours.(从北京到上海的高铁只需要大约四小时。)·练习题：1.______(high-speedtrain)havegreatlyshortenedtraveltimeinChina.2.Iprefertakinga______(high-speedtrain)toflyingbecauseit’smoreconvenient.·答案与解析：1.High-speedtrains(复数，泛指一类)2.high-speedtrain(单数，表示偏好)7.super/ˈsuːpə(r)/adj.超级的；顶好的·近义词：excellent,fantastic·反义词：inferior·词性转换：superblyadv.极好地；superiorn./adj.上级/优越的·固定搭配：superstar超级明星；supermodel超模·例句：Wehadasupertimeatthebeach.(我们在海滩玩得超级开心。)·练习题：1.Theteamplayed______(super)andwonthechampionship.2.Sheisa______(super)talentedmusician.·答案与解析：1.superbly(副词修饰played)2.super(形容词修饰talented，意为“非常”)8.sunglasses/ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/n.墨镜·近义词：shadesn.(俚语)·固定搭配：apairofsunglasses一副太阳镜·例句：You’dbetterwearsunglassestoprotectyoureyesfromthesun.(你最好戴上墨镜保护眼睛。)·练习题：1.Ilostmy______(sunglasses)onthebus.2.Sheboughtthreepairsof______(sunglasses)forhertriptothebeach.·答案与解析：1.sunglasses(复数形式)2.sunglasses(同上)9.mini-/ˈmɪni/pref.微型的；短的·近义词：micro-·反义词：maxi-,mega-·固定搭配：minibus小巴；miniskirt迷你裙；miniature微缩模型·例句：Shelivesinaminiapartmentinthecitycenter.(她住在市中心的一间微型公寓里。)·练习题：1.Thecompanyproduceda______(mini)versionoftheclassicgameconsole.2.Wetooka______(mini)bustotheairportbecauseitwascheaper.·答案与解析：1.mini(形容词，“微型的”)2.mini(构成minibus)10.itself/ɪtˈself/pron.它自己·固定搭配：byitself自动地；独自；initself本质上·例句：Thecatcleaneditselfcarefully.(猫仔细地把自己舔干净。)·练习题：1.Themachineturnsoffby______(its)afterfiveminutes.2.Theproblemisn’tseriousin______(it).·答案与解析：1.itself(byitself“自动地”)2.itself(initself“本质上”)11.button/ˈbʌtn/n.按钮；扣子v.扣上·近义词：switchn.开关·固定搭配：pushthebutton按按钮；buttonup扣上扣子·例句：Hepressedthebuttontocalltheelevator.(他按下按钮叫电梯。)·练习题：1.Please______(button)yourcoat;it’scoldoutside.2.Which______(button)doIpresstoturnontheradio?·答案与解析：1.button(动词，“扣上”)2.button(名词，“按钮”)12.hundreds(of...)许多；大量·近义词：thousandsof,dozensof·反义词：afew·词性转换：hundredn.百；hundredthnum.第一百·固定搭配：hundredsofthousandsof几十万·例句：Hundredsofpeoplegatheredinthesquare.(数百人聚集在广场上。)·练习题：1.______(hundred)ofstudentstookpartinthecompetition.2.Three______(hundred)booksweredonatedtothelibrary.·答案与解析：1.Hundreds(hundredsof固定搭配)2.hundred(具体数字后不加s)13.produce/prəˈdjuːs/v.生产；养育·近义词：manufacturev.制造·反义词：consumev.消费·词性转换：productionn.生产；productn.产品；productiveadj.多产的；producern.生产者·固定搭配：mass-produce大规模生产·例句：Thisfactoryproducesover10,000carseachyear.(这家工厂每年生产超过一万辆汽车。)·练习题：1.The______(produce)ofthisitemhasbeenstoppedduetosafetyconcerns.2.Chinaisamajor______(produce)ofelectronicgoods.·答案与解析：1.production(名词，“生产”)2.producer(表示“生产国/生产者”)14.file/faɪl/n.(计算机的)文件；文件夹v.归档·近义词：documentn.文档·词性转换：filingn.归档·固定搭配：filename文件名；PDFfilePDF文件·例句：Pleasesavethefilebeforeclosingtheprogram.(关闭程序前请保存文件。)·练习题：1.Ineedto______(file)thesepapersalphabetically.2.Thecomputercannotopenthis______(file)becausetheformatiswrong.·答案与解析：1.file(动词，“归档”)2.file(名词，“文件”)15.plastic/ˈplæstɪk/n.&adj.塑料(的)·近义词：syntheticadj.合成的·反义词：naturaladj.天然的·词性转换：plasticityn.可塑性·固定搭配：plasticbag塑料袋；plasticsurgery整形手术·例句：Manyplasticproductsareharmfultotheenvironment.(许多塑料产品对环境有害。)·练习题：1.The______(plastic)ofthismaterialallowsittobemoldedintoanyshape.2.Weshouldreduceouruseof______(plastic)bags.·答案与解析：1.plasticity(名词，“可塑性”)2.plastic(形容词，“塑料的”)16.printer/ˈprɪntə(r)/n.打印机；印刷公司·词性转换：printv.打印；printingn.印刷；printoutn.打印件·固定搭配：laserprinter激光打印机；3Dprinter3D打印机·例句：Theprinterhasrunoutofink.(打印机墨水用完了。)·练习题：1.Canyou______(print)thisdocumentforme?2.The______(print)ofthebookwasdelayedduetotechnicalissues.·答案与解析：1.print(动词，“打印”)2.printing(名词，“印刷”)17.invent/ɪnˈvent/v.发明；创造·近义词：create,devise·反义词：imitate,copy·词性转换：inventionn.发明；inventorn.发明家·固定搭配：inventastory编造故事·例句：AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephone.(亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明了电话。)·练习题：1.The______(invent)ofthewheelwasamajormilestoneinhumanhistory.2.Heisafamous______(invent)whoholdsover200patents.·答案与解析：1.invention(名词，“发明”)2.inventor(名词，“发明家”)18.allovertheworld全世界·近义词：throughouttheworld,globally·反义词：locally·例句：Thenewproductissoldallovertheworld.(这款新产品销往全世界。)·练习题：1.People______(allovertheworld)celebratetheNewYearindifferentways.2.Thiskindofbirdcanbefound______(allovertheworld)exceptAntarctica.·答案与解析：1.allovertheworld(状语，“全世界的人们”)2.allovertheworld(状语，“除了南极洲全世界都能找到”)19.suppose/səˈpəʊz/v.认为；推断·近义词：assume,presume·反义词：know(forsure)·词性转换：supposedadj.误信的；所谓的；supposedlyadv.据称·固定搭配：besupposedtodosth应当做某事；suppose+(that)从句·例句：Isupposeyouareright.(我认为你是对的。)·练习题：1.Youare______(suppose)tohandinyourhomeworkontime.2.______(suppose)wefailtheexam,whatshouldwedo?·答案与解析：1.supposed(besupposedtodo)2.Supposing(连词，“假设”，也可用Suppose)20.besupposedtodo/besth应当做(某事)或是(某物)·近义词：should,oughtto·反义词：beforbiddento·例句：Studentsaresupposedtoarriveatschoolby8a.m.(学生应该在早上八点前到校。)·练习题：1.Whattimearewe______(suppose)tomeet?2.Thismedicineis______(suppose)tocureheadaches.·答案与解析：1.supposed(besupposedto)2.supposed(besupposedto)21.wheel/wiːl/n.车轮；轮子·词性转换：wheelchairn.轮椅；wheeledadj.有轮的·固定搭配：frontwheel前轮；rearwheel后轮；wheelandaxle轮轴·例句：Abicyclehastwowheels.(自行车有两个轮子。)·练习题：1.Thecar’s______(wheel)slippedontheicyroad.2.Heisconfinedtoa______(wheel)aftertheaccident.·答案与解析：1.wheels(复数，“车轮”)2.wheelchair(名词，“轮椅”)22.frozen/ˈfrəʊzn/adj.冻硬的；冰封的·近义词：icy,frosty·反义词：thawed,melted·词性转换：freezev.冻结；freezingadj.极冷的；freezern.冰柜·固定搭配：frozenfood冷冻食品；frozenlake结冰的湖·例句：Thelakeiscompletelyfrozeninwinter.(冬天这个湖完全结冰了。)·练习题：1.Water______(freeze)at0°C.2.The______(freeze)temperaturemadeeveryonestayindoors.·答案与解析：1.freezes(动词三单)2.freezing(形容词，“冰冷的”)23.complete/kəmˈpliːt/v.完成；结束adj.完全的；彻底的·近义词：finishv./entireadj.·反义词：incompleteadj./startv.·词性转换：completelyadv.完全地；completionn.完成·固定搭配：completeatask完成任务；acompletesuccess完全成功·例句：YoumustcompletetheprojectbyFriday.(你必须在周五前完成这个项目。)·练习题：1.Thebuildingisnow______(complete)finished.2.Upon______(complete)ofthecourse,youwillreceiveacertificate.·答案与解析：1.completely(副词修饰finished)2.completion(名词，“完成”)24.layer/ˈleɪə(r)/n.层；表层·近义词：stratum,tier·词性转换：layeredadj.分层的·固定搭配：ozonelayer臭氧层；alayerofdust一层灰·例句：Thecakehasthreelayers.(这个蛋糕有三层。)·练习题：1.Therockis______(layer)indifferentcolors.2.Weneedtoaddanother______(layer)ofpainttothewall.·答案与解析：1.layered(形容词，“分层的”)2.layer(名词，“层”)25.melt/melt/v.(使)融化；逐渐消失·近义词：thaw,dissolve·反义词：freeze,solidify·词性转换：meltingadj.融化的；meltedadj.融化的·固定搭配：meltaway消失；融化掉·例句：Thesnowmeltedwhenthesuncameout.(太阳出来后雪融化了。)·练习题：1.Theicecream______(melt)quicklyinthehotsun.2.Globalwarmingiscausingthe______(melt)ofpolaricecaps.·答案与解析：1.melts(动词三单)2.melting(名词/动名词，“融化”)26.pipe/paɪp/n.管道；管子；烟斗·近义词：tube,conduit·词性转换：pipelessadj.无管的；pipern.吹笛者·固定搭配：waterpipe水管；gaspipe煤气管·例句：Apipeinthekitchenburstandfloodedtheroom.(厨房的一根水管爆裂了，淹了房间。)·练习题：1.Hewassmokinga______(pipe)whenIentered.2.The______(pipe)systemneedstoberepaired.·答案与解析：1.pipe(名词，“烟斗”)2.pipe(名词，“管道”)27.tunnel/ˈtʌnl/n.隧道；地下通道·近义词：passage,subway(英)·反义词：bridge·固定搭配：channeltunnel英吉利海峡隧道；windtunnel风洞·例句：Thetrainwentthroughalongtunnel.(火车穿过一条长长的隧道。)·练习题：1.Theworkersaredigginga______(tunnel)throughthemountain.2.A______(tunnel)connectsthetwobuildingsunderground.·答案与解析：1.tunnel(名词)2.tunnel(名词)28.tourism/ˈtʊərɪzəm/n.旅游业·近义词：travelindustry·词性转换：touristn.游客；tourv.旅游；touristadj.旅游的·固定搭配：masstourism大众旅游；ecotourism生态旅游·例句：Tourismisamajorsourceofincomeformanycountries.(旅游业是许多国家的主要收入来源。)·练习题：1.Everyyear,millionsof______(tourism)visitParis.2.Weplanto______(tourism)aroundEuropethissummer.·答案与解析：1.tourists(名词，“游客”)2.tour(动词，“旅游”，注意tourist不是动词)29.gain/ɡeɪn/v.获得；取得·近义词：obtain,acquire·反义词：lose·词性转换：gainfuladj.有报酬的；gainfullyadv.有收入地·固定搭配：gainexperience获得经验；gainweight增重·例句：Hegainedalotofknowledgefromthecourse.(他从这门课中获得了许多知识。)·练习题：1.Regularexercisecanhelpyou______(gain)muscle.2.A______(gain)offivekilogramsisnoticeableonasmallframe.·答案与解析：1.gain(动词原形，can后接原形)2.gain(名词，“增加”)30.reality/riˈæləti/n.现实；事实·近义词：actuality,truth·反义词：fantasy,illusion·词性转换：realadj.真的；realizev.意识到；realismn.现实主义·固定搭配：inreality实际上；virtualreality虚拟现实·例句：Hisdreamofbecomingadoctorbecameareality.(他成为医生的梦想变成了现实。)·练习题：1.Sheneedsto______(reality)thatsheisnotachildanymore.2.Thestoryisbasedon______(real)events.·答案与解析：1.realize(动词，“意识到”)2.real(形容词，“真实的”)31.papermaking/ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/n.造纸工艺；造纸业·近义词：paperproduction·词性转换：papermakern.造纸工；papermill造纸厂·固定搭配：papermakingindustry造纸工业·例句：Chinawasthefirstcountrytodeveloppapermaking.(中国是第一个发展造纸术的国家。)·练习题：1.The______(papermaking)processrequiresalotofwater.2.Ancient______(papermaker)usedplantfiberstomakepaper.·答案与解析：1.papermaking(名词作定语，也可以直接用，但此处应填名词“造纸工艺”，原词即可)2.papermakers(需要“造纸工”的复数)32.responsible/rɪˈspɒnsəbl/adj.作为原因的；有责任的·近义词：accountable·反义词：irresponsible·词性转换：responsibilityn.责任；responsiblyadv.负责地·固定搭配：beresponsiblefor对……负责；引起·例句：Whoisresponsibleforthismess?(谁对这个烂摊子负责？)·练习题：1.Hetookfull______(responsible)forthefailure.2.Sheacted______(responsible)andsavedthechild.·答案与解析：1.responsibility(名词)2.responsibly(副词)33.responsibleforsth引起某事·近义词：cause,leadto·反义词：prevent·例句：Theheavyrainwasresponsiblefortheflood.(大雨引发了洪水。)·练习题：1.Smokingis______(responsible)formanylungdiseases.2.Thedriverwasfound______(responsible)fortheaccident.·答案与解析：1.responsible(形容词作表语)2.responsible(同上)34.rapid/ˈræpɪd/adj.迅速的；瞬间的·近义词：fast,quick,swift·反义词：slow·词性转换：rapidlyadv.迅速地；rapidityn.迅速·固定搭配：rapidgrowth快速增长；rapidresponse快速响应·例句：Thecompanyhasseenrapiddevelopmentinrecentyears.(这家公司近年来发展迅速。)·练习题：1.Thepopulationis______(rapid)increasing.2.The______(rapid)ofclimatechangeisalarming.·答案与解析：1.rapidly(副词修饰increasing)2.rapidity(名词，“迅速”)35.shape/ʃeɪp/v.塑造n.形状·近义词：formv./n.·反义词：destroyv.·词性转换：shapelessadj.无形状的；shapelyadj.匀称的·固定搭配：inshape健康；outofshape变形的；shapethefuture塑造未来·例句：Exercisecanhelpyoustayinshape.(锻炼能帮你保持健康。)·练习题：1.Theartist______(shape)theclayintoabeautifulvase.2.Whatisthe______(shape)ofthetable?Roundorsquare?·答案与解析：1.shaped(动词过去式)2.shape(名词)36.bronze/brɒnz/n.&adj.青铜(的)；青铜色(的)·近义词：copperalloy·词性转换：bronzemedal铜牌·固定搭配：BronzeAge青铜时代·例句：Thestatueismadeofbronze.(这座雕像是青铜制成的。)·练习题：1.Shewona______(bronze)intheswimmingcompetition.2.Theancient______(bronze)toolswerediscoveredinthetomb.·答案与解析：1.bronze(名词，“铜牌”)2.bronze(形容词，“青铜的”)37.ware/weə(r)/n.制品；陶器·近义词：goods,products·词性转换：warehousen.仓库；earthenwaren.陶器；stonewaren.石器·固定搭配：kitchenware厨房用具；glassware玻璃器皿·例句：TheshopsellstraditionalChinesewares.(这家店出售中国传统制品。)·练习题：1.Youcanfindbeautiful______(ware)atthelocalcraftfair.2.Heboughtasetofceramic______(ware)forhisnewapartment.·答案与解析：1.wares(常用复数，“制品”)2.ware(此处可作集合名词，也可用wares；常见为ceramicware)38.stone/stəʊn/n.石头；岩石·近义词：rock,pebble·词性转换：stonyadj.多石的；石质的·固定搭配：StoneAge石器时代；astone’sthrow一箭之遥·例句：Thepathiscoveredwithsmallstones.(小路铺满了小石子。)·练习题：1.Theoldcastlewasbuiltof______(stone).2.Hethrewa______(stone)intothelake.·答案与解析：1.stone(不可数名词，“石料”)2.stone(可数名词，“石头”)39.jute/dʒuːt/n.黄麻纤维·固定搭配：jutebag黄麻袋·例句：Juteisanaturalfiberusedtomakesacksandropes.(黄麻是一种用于制作麻袋和绳子的天然纤维。)·练习题：1.Manyeco-friendlybagsaremadefrom______(jute).2.Themainproductofthatregionis______(jute).·答案与解析：1.jute(名词)2.jute(名词)40.fibre/ˈfaɪbə(r)/(=fiber)n.纤维；纤维素·近义词：thread,strand·词性转换：fibrousadj.纤维状的·固定搭配：dietaryfibre膳食纤维；carbonfibre碳纤维·例句：Fruitsandvegetablesarerichindietaryfibre.(水果和蔬菜富含膳食纤维。)·练习题：1.Thematerialfeelssoftbecauseitcontainsnatural______(fibre).2.A______(fibre)dietcanhelpimprovedigestion.·答案与解析：1.fibre(s)(可数或不可数)2.fibrous(形容词，“多纤维的”)41.expensive/ɪkˈspensɪv/adj.昂贵的；价格高的·近义词：costly,dear·反义词：cheap,inexpensive·词性转换：expensivelyadv.昂贵地；expensen.花费·固定搭配：anexpensivehobby昂贵的爱好·例句：Thewatchistooexpensiveformetoafford.(这块表太贵了，我买不起。)·练习题：1.Shedressesvery______(expensive).2.The______(expense)oflivinginabigcityishigh.·答案与解析：1.expensively(副词修饰dresses)2.expense(名词，“开销”)42.officer/ˈɒfɪsə(r)/n.官员；高级职员·近义词：official·反义词：employee(非官员)·词性转换：officen.办公室；officialadj.官方的·固定搭配：policeofficer警察；executiveofficer执行官·例句：Thecustomsofficercheckedourpassports.(海关官员检查了我们的护照。)·练习题：1.Sheworksasan______(office)inthegovernment.2.The______(office)buildingislocateddowntown.·答案与解析：1.officer(名词，“官员”)2.office(名词，“办公室的”)43.workshop/ˈwɜːkʃɒp/n.作坊；讲习班·近义词：seminar(讲习班)；studio(作坊)·固定搭配：writingworkshop写作工作坊；repairworkshop修理车间·例句：Heattendedapoetryworkshoplastweekend.(他上周末参加了一个诗歌研习班。)·练习题：1.Thecarpenter’s______(workshop)wasfulloftools.2.Ourschoolholdsa______(workshop)oncareerplanningeveryyear.·答案与解析：1.workshop(名词，“作坊”)2.workshop(名词，“讲习班”)44.none/nʌn/pron.没有一个；毫无·近义词：notany,noone·反义词：all,some·固定搭配：noneof没有一个；nonebut只有·例句：Noneofthestudentswas/werelate.(没有一个学生迟到。)·练习题：1.______(none)oftheanswersiscorrect.2.Sheboughtthreedresses,but______(none)fitherwell.·答案与解析：1.None(代词作主语)2.none(代词)45.ideal/aɪˈdiːəl/adj.最合适的；理想的n.理想；完美的人(或事物)·近义词：perfect,optimum·反义词：unsuitable,flawed·词性转换：ideallyadv.理想地；idealismn.理想主义·固定搭配：idealplace理想的地方；idealfor对……很合适·例句：Thebeachisanidealplaceforavacation.(海滩是度假的理想之地。)·练习题：1.______(ideal),weshouldarrivebeforedark.2.Hehashigh______(ideal)abouthowteachersshouldtreatstudents.·答案与解析：1.Ideally(副词，“理想情况下”)2.ideals(名词，“理想”)46.certain/ˈsɜːtn/adj.某些；确定的pron.某些·近义词：sure,definite·反义词：uncertain,doubtful·词性转换：certainlyadv.当然；certaintyn.确定性·固定搭配：forcertain肯定地；certainof确信·例句：Iamcertainthathewillcome.(我确定他会来。)·练习题：1.Itis______(certain)coldoutside;you’dbetterwearacoat.2.______(Certain)peopledon’tliketobecriticized.·答案与解析：1.certainly(副词，“当然，确实”)2.Certain(形容词，“某些”)47.suitable/ˈsuːtəbl/adj.合适的；适宜的·近义词：appropriate,fit·反义词：unsuitable,inappropriate·词性转换：suitv.适合；suitablyadv.合适地·固定搭配：suitablefor适合……·例句：Thismovieisnotsuitableforchildren.(这部电影不适合儿童观看。)·练习题：1.Pleasedress______(suitable)fortheoccasion.2.Thecolorblue______(suitable)herverywell.·答案与解析：1.suitably(副词修饰dress)2.suits(动词，“适合”)48.liquid/ˈlɪkwɪd/n.液体adj.液体的·近义词：fluid·反义词：solid,gas·词性转换：liquidityn.流动性；liquefyv.液化·固定搭配：liquidfuel液体燃料；liquidstate液态·例句：Waterisaliquidatroomtemperature.(室温下水是液体。)·练习题：1.Thebutterwill______(liquid)whenheated.2.Thisdrinkcontainsnosolidparticles;itiscompletely______(liquid).·答案与解析：1.liquefy(动词，“液化”)2.liquid(形容词，“液体的”)49.cheap/tʃiːp/adj.便宜的adv.低廉地·近义词：inexpensive·反义词：expensive,costly·词性转换：cheaplyadv.便宜地；cheapenv.降低价值·固定搭配：cheaplabor廉价劳动力；onthecheap便宜地·例句：Theticketsarerelativelycheap.(票价相对便宜。)·练习题：1.Youcanbuythebook______(cheap)online.2.The______(cheap)oftheproductmademanypeoplesuspicious.·答案与解析：1.cheaply(副词，也可用cheap作副词，但cheaply更正式)2.cheapness(名词，“便宜”)50.creation/kriˈeɪʃn/n.创造；作品·近义词：invention,work·反义词：destruction·词性转换：createv.创造；creativeadj.有创造力的；creatorn.创造者·固定搭配：thecreationof创造……；artisticcreation艺术创作·例句：Thispaintingisoneofhisgreatestcreations.(这幅画是他最伟大的作品之一。)·练习题：1.Theartist______(creation)abeautifulsculpturefrommarble.2.Weneedtoencourage______(create)thinkinginstudents.·答案与解析：1.created(动词过去式)2.creative(形容词，“创造性的”)51.lateron后来；其后·近义词：afterwards,subsequently·反义词：earlieron·例句：I’llfinishmyhomeworknowandplaygameslateron.(我现在完成作业，之后再玩游戏。)·练习题：1.Wemetatthepartyand______(lateron)becamegoodfriends.2.Youcanaddthesalt______(lateron)ifyoulike.·答案与解析：1.lateron(副词短语)2.lateron(同上)52.speedup(使)加速·近义词：accelerate·反义词：slowdown·词性转换：speedupn.加速·例句：Thecarspedupasitenteredthehighway.(汽车驶入高速公路时加速了。)·练习题：1.Weneedto______(speedup)theproductionprocess.2.Thetrainbeganto______(speedup)afterleavingthestation.·答案与解析：1.speedup(动词短语)2.speedup(动词短语)53.Arabic/ˈærəbɪk/adj.阿拉伯语的n.阿拉伯语·词性转换：Arabn.阿拉伯人；Arabianadj.阿拉伯的·固定搭配：Arabicnumerals阿拉伯数字·例句：HecanspeakArabicfluently.(他能流利地说阿拉伯语。)·练习题：1.The______(Arab)alphabethas28letters.2.Many______(Arabic)countriesarelocatedintheMiddleEast.·答案与解析：1.Arabic(形容词，“阿拉伯语的”)2.Arab(形容词，“阿拉伯的”，常用Arabcountries)54.resultin造成；导致·近义词：leadto,cause·反义词：resultfrom·例句：Theaccidentresultedinthreedeaths.(事故导致三人死亡。)·练习题：1.Hiscarelessness______(resultin)abigfire.2.Theheavyrain______(resultin)flooding.·答案与解析：1.resultedin(动词短语过去式)2.resultedin(同上)55.leadto导致；造成·近义词：resultin,bringabout·反义词：prevent·固定搭配：leadtosuccess通向成功·例句：Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.(吃太多糖会导致健康问题。)·练习题：1.Thisroad______(leadto)thetowncenter.2.Thestrikemay______(leadto)ashortageofgoods.·答案与解析：1.leadsto(动词三单，此处为“通往”)2.leadto(动词原形，情态动词may后接原形)56.birth/bɜːθ/n.起源；诞生·近义词：origin,beginning·反义词：death·词性转换：birthplacen.出生地；birthdayn.生日·固定搭配：givebirthto产生；分娩·例句：Shegavebirthtoahealthybabyboy.(她生下一个健康的男婴。)·练习题：1.The______(birth)oftheInternetchangedtheworld.2.She______(birth)herfirstchildattheageof30.·答案与解析：1.birth(名词)2.gavebirthto(固定短语)57.rapidly/ˈræpɪdli/adv.迅速地；快速地·近义词：quickly,swiftly·反义词：slowly·词性转换：rapidadj.迅速的；rapidityn.迅速·固定搭配：developrapidly快速发展·例句：Thecityisexpandingrapidly.(这座城市在迅速扩张。)·练习题：1.The______(rapid)oftechnologicalchangeisamazing.2.Shespokeso______(rapid)thatIcouldn’tfollow.·答案与解析：1.rapidity(名词)2.rapidly(副词)58.afford/əˈfɔːd/v.买得起；能做·近义词：manage,bear·词性转换：affordableadj.负担得起的·固定搭配：canaffordtodosth有能力做某事·例句：Ican’taffordtobuyanewcarrightnow.(我现在买不起新车。)·练习题：1.Housingpricesinthisareaare______(afford)foryoungpeople.2.Wecan’t______(afford)towastetime.·答案与解析：1.affordable(形容词)2.afford(动词原形，can’t后接原形)59.company/ˈkʌmpəni/n.公司；剧团·近义词：corporation,firm·词性转换：companionn.同伴·固定搭配：limitedcompan