考研英语模拟试卷228

考研英语模拟试卷228

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

IntheUnitedStatestoday,coffeeisamorepopulardrink(1)tea,butteaplayed

(2)interestingpartinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Beforetheywontheir

(3)fromBritain,thecolonistswereforcedto(4)taxesonmanygoods

importedintoAmerica.Thetaxmoneywas(5)tosupportcolonialgovernorsand

officialssenttothecoloniesbytheBritish.In1770theBritishPrimeMinisterhad

repealedmostofthetaxes,butKingGeorge(6)onretainingthetax(7)tea.

TheKingsawthetaxasa(8)oftheBritishrighttotaxthecolonies.American

merchants(9)smugglednine-tenthsofAmerica'steaintothecountryand

(10)payingthetaxes.(11)thetaxsavings,thepriceoftearemained

expensivedue.to(12)shippingcosts.WhentheBritishParliament(13)a

newlawwhichwouldallowBritishcompaniestoimportteamore(14)than

Americanshippingcompanies,the(15)werealarmedandthey(16)aprotest.

InBostoncitizensandmerchants,who(17)disguisedasIndians,boardedaBritish

shipand(18)$15,000worthofteaintotheharbor.Thisprotest(19)Great

BritainisknownastheBostonTeaParty.Itwasoneoftheearliestactsof(20)

againstBritishrule.

1、IntheUnitedStatestoday,coffeeisamorepopulardrink(1)lea,buttea

played(2)interestingpartinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Beforetheywontheir

(3)fromBritain,thecolonistswereforcedto(4)taxesonmanygoods

importedintoAmerica.Thetaxmoneywas(5)tosupportcolonialgovernorsand

officialssenttothecoloniesbytheBritish.In1770theBritishPrimeMinisterhad

repealedmostofthetaxes,butKingGeorge(6)onretainingthetax(7)tea.

TheKingsawthetaxasa(8)oftheBritishrighttotaxthecolonies.American

merchants(9)smugglednine-tenthsofAmerica'steaintothecountryand

(10)payingthetaxes.(11)thetaxsavings,thepriceoftearemained

expensivedue.to(12)shippingcosts.WhentheBritishParliament(13)a

newlawwhichwouldallowBritishcompaniestoimportteamore(14)than

Americanshippingcompanies,the(15)werealarmedandthey(16)aprotest.

InBostoncitizensandmerchants,who(17)disguisedasIndians,boardedaBritish

shipand(18)$15,000worthofteaintotheharbor.Thisprotest(19)Great

BritainisknownastheBostonTeaParty.Itwasoneoftheearliestactsof(20)

againstBritishrule.

A、from

B、against

C、compared

D、than

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据前面句中出现的more,便知这是一个比较级，而这里缺少与

more相呼应的小an,因此，此空应填入than。

2、

A、an

B、a

C^but

D、and

标准答案：A

知识点解析：注意此空后面紧跟的为以元音开头的词interesting,由此可知此处应

填入不定冠词an,playapartinsth.意为"起…作用;有…地位"。

3、

A、independence

B、interdependence

C^oppression

D、opposition

标准答案：A

知识点解析：independence意为"独立'interdependence意为"互相依赖"，

oppression意为"压迫"；opposition意为"反对众所周知，美国通过独立战争后，

才挣脱英国而获得独立的。因此，此空选independence最合适。

4、

A、show

B、give

C、lend

D、pay

标准答案：D

知识点解析：paytaxes意为“交税”。在美国人从英国获得独立之前，他们把商品从

外面运进美国要向英国交税金。

5、

A、promised

B、used

C>refused

D、declaimed

标准答案：B

知识点解析：promise意为“承诺"；refuse意为“反对，拒绝”;declaim作及物动词

用时,意为“颂读”,与题意不符。所以used正确,这里指“税金被用来干…，

6、

A、resisted

B>assisted

C^insisted

D^preferred

标准答案：C

知识点解析：toinsistonsth.（ordoingsth.）意为"一再坚持（干）注意介词on

与insist的固定搭配。resist意为"抵抗"，放在此处不通。assist意为"帮助"，亦不合

题意。prefer意为“宁肯”，与上下文不符，同时也不能和on连用。

7、

A、in

B、on

C^over

D、onto

标准答案：B

知识点解析：taxonsth.意为”某一方面的税收“。比句意为：坚持继续对茶叶深

税。

8、

A、method

B、seal

C、symbol

D^object

标准答案：C

知识点解析：symbol意为”作为一种象征、melhod意为”作为一种方法”，与上下文

不符：seal意为“印鉴”，用在此处也不通；object意为”作为一个目标“，也不合文

意，又因object为元音开头，与前面的a也不搭配,因此，此空应填入symbol。

9、

A、badly

B、yet

C、illegally

D、nearly

标准答案：c

知识点解析：illegally意为“非法地”，从上下文可以看出”非法走私（茶叶）”，正合题

意。badly意为”坏地“，放在此处不通。yet意为“然而“，此处并无转折的意思。

nearly意为"差不多"，也不通顺。

10、

A、avoided

B、continued

C、inverted

D、subjected

标准答案：A

知识点解析：avoid意为“避免"，与此句中的"逃税"之意正好符合。continue则与原

意相背。invert意为“倒转”，放在此处不通。

11、

A、Respite

BNAlthough

C、Besides

D^Despite

标准答案：D

知识点解析：despite意为“尽管“，可与inspileof通用，在此处符合句意：尽管逃

了税，茶叶价格仍然很高。respite意为”中止，暂缓”，为名词或动词，而此处应填

入一个介词，因此也不通。

12、

A、high

B、ordinary

C、low

D、unfair

标准答案：A

知识点解析：highCOSIS意为”高额的费用”，符合句意。因前文提到茶叶价格仍然

很高，这里解释原因，是由于高额的运输费用。其他各项都不合逻辑。

13、

A、prevented

gave

C、passed

D、enticed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：I。passalaw意为”通过一项法案topreventalaw意为”禁止一项法

案通过"。logivealaw,英语中通常不这么说。eniice意为"引诱"，显然不对。

14、

A、expensive

B、effectively

C^diligently

D、cheaply

标准答案：D

知识点解析•：原文意为：通过一项法案允许英国公司更廉价地进口茶叶。因此，

cheaply最合文意。expensive是形容词，而此空要填入副词。effectively意为"有效

地”，diligently意为"勤奋地”,显然都不可选。

15、

A^merchants

B、sailors

C、governors

D、officials

标准答案：A

知识点解析：因为这里谈到的是茶叶贸易的问题，当涉及到价格时，肯定是商人对

它最敏感，因此这里填入merchants最合逻辑。

16、

A、stopped

staged

C、prevented

D、resisted

标准答案：B

知识点解析：loslageaprotest意为“发起抗议”，符合文意。而其他三项均与原文意

思恰恰相反，所以都不能选。

17、

A、had

B、was

C^were

D、often

标准答案：C

知识点解析：bedisguisedas意为”乔装改扮成...”，所以A、D两项可排除，乂因为

前面的主语citizensandmerchants是复数，因此只能选were。

18、

A、through

B、hid

C、threw

D、declared

标准答案：c

知识点。析：因为在当时，美国人装扮成印第安人上了英国商船后，把茶叶都扔进

了海里，这就是“波士顿倾茶事件”，所以只有threw（扔、抛）才符合事实。

19、

A、against

B、from

C、toward

D、into

标准答案：A

知识点解析：toproteslagainst为固定搭配，意为"对…提出抗议"。

20、

A、assistance

B、aggression

C、resistence

D、assurance

标准答案：C

知识点解析：resistence意为"抵抗"；assistance意为"帮助"：aggression意为"侵略

assurance意为“保险，保证句意为：这是美国人对英国最早的反抗行为之

一o因此，只有resislence符合文意。

二、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共20题，每题7.0

分,共20分。)

Nuclearfissionisthesplittingofthenucleusofanatom.Onlyafewelementsarcsuitable

foruseinthisway,themostimportantonesbeingUranium-235,Uranium-233,and

Plutonium-239.Whenanucleusofoneoftheseelementsisstruckbyafreeneutronit

breaksdownintotwolighternucleiwhichflyapartathighspeed,collidingwith

surroundingatoms.Theirkineticenergyisconvertedintoheatenergy.Atthesametime,

twoorthreefreeneutronsarereleasedandoneofthementersthenucleusofa

neighbouringatom,causingfissiontooccuragain;andsoon.Thereactionspreadsvery

quickly,withmoreandmoreheatenergyreleased.Thisiscalleda"chain"reaction

becausethesplittingofeachnucleusislinkedtoanother,andanotherandanother.Ifthis

reactiontakesplaceinanatomicbomb,wherenothingisdonetoslowitdown,theresult

isaviolentexplosionthatcandestroyatowninafewseconds.Fissioncanalso,

however,takeplacewithinaconstructioncalledanuclearreactor,oratomicpile.Here

thehighlyfissilematerial(U-235,U-233,Pu-239)issurroundedbyasubstancethatis

non-fissile,forinstancegraphite.Thismaterialiscalledamoderator.Theneutronslose

someoftheirenergyandspeedthroughcollidingwiththeatomsofthemoderator.

Energy-heatenergy—isstillcreatedonanenormousscale,butnoexpansiontakes

place.Themoderatorhasanotherfunction:byslowingdownthespeedofthefree

neutrons,itmakesitmorelikelythatoneofthemwillcollidewiththenucleusofa

neighbouringatomtocontinuethechainreaction.Thechiefadvantageofnuclearenergy

isthatitdoesnotdependonanylocalfactors.Anuclearreactor,unlikeanoil-wellora

coalmine,doesnothavetobesitedontopofafossil-fuelsource;unlikethesolarenergy

unit,itdoesnothavetogooutofproductionwhenthesunisnotshining;unlikehydro­

electricpower,itdocsnotdependonalargeflowofwaterwhichmaybereducedduring

someseasonsoftheyear.Withanatomicpowerstation,theonlylimitingfactoristhatof

safety.Intheoppositeprocess,nuclearfusion,twonucleicometogether,toformanew

nucleusofadifferentkindandthisprocessalsoreleasesenergyonanenormousscale.

Fusioncanonlyoccurunderconditionsofverygreatheat-atleast50,000,000degrees

Celsius.(Thetemperatureatthecentreofthesunisestimatedas130,000,000degrees

Celsius.)Afusionreactiononearthhasalreadybeencreated-thehydrogenbomb.This

isanuncontrolledreaction.Itisnotyetpossibletoproduceacontrolledfusionreaction

thatcanbeusedfortheproductionofusefulenergy.Nuclearenergycanbethoughtofas

akindofsquare,threeofthequartersofthesquareareknownandused,butthefourth

cannotyetbeused.

21WhichofthefollowingheadingsisthatofParagraphTwo?

A、NuclearFusion

TheNuclearFissionChainReaction

C、UncontrolledandModeratedNuclearReactions

D、TheAdvantagesofNuclearEnergy

标准答案：c

知识点露析：根据文章第二段的内容，其讲述的是当核反应在原子弹内部进行时，

没有什么去控制和调节咳反应，其结果是一颗原子弹能在数秒钟内摧毁一座城市。

因此，四项中只有答案选项符合此意。

22、Theaimofanuclearreactoris.

A、toestablishacontrolledchainreactioninlowconcentrationsoffissilematerial

B、toabsorbneutronstravellingataparticularspeed

C>tocausearapidchainreactioninordertoreleasethegreatestamountofenergy

D、tolastthechainreactionforever

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据文章第二段，核反应除了能在原子弹内进行外，还可以在一种叫

核反应堆的建筑里进行。在核反应堆里有一些不易裂变的原料，例如石墨，通过使

这种不易裂变的原料与那些易裂变的原料接触去控制核反应的进行。

23、Destructiveweaponscanbeobtainedfrom.

A、nuclearfusion

B、nuclearfission

C、bothnuclearfusionandnuclearfission

D、nuclearsplining

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段第1句指出anatomicbomb（原子弹）是由nuclearfission（核

裂变）产生的。第四段的第4句指出thehydrogenbomb（氢弹）是由核聚变（nuclear

fusion）产生的。所以答案选项正确,nuclearfissionandfusion都能制造出破坏性的

武器。

24、Innuclearfusion,twonucleicometogetherand.

A^formanewnucleus

B、bothsplit

C^giveofffreeneutrons

D、reduceenergy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第四段第1句…，nuclearfusion,twonucleicometogether,to

formanewnucleusofadifferentkind...,可知正确答案应为A项。

25>Whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?

A、Fewelementsaresuitablefbruseasatomicfuel.

B、Anatomicpowerstationcansupplythesamequantityofenergyalltheyearround.

C、Ahydro-electricpowerstationcanbebuiltanywhere.

D、Graphiteisanon-fissilematerial.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据文章第二段笫2句内容，hydro-clcctncpowerstation（水电站）需要

有水流才能发电，而不能到处修建。文中提到它就拿它与核电站相比较，突出后者

在这方面的优点。

Theperiodofadolescence,i.e.,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelong

orshort,dependingonsocialexpectationsandonsociety'sdefinitionastowhat

constitutesmaturityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescenceisfrequentlya

relativelyshortperiodoftime,whileinindustrialsocietieswithpatternsofprolonged

educationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlonger

andmayincludemostof:heseconddecadeofone'slife.Fiirthennore,thelengthofthe

adolescentperiodandihedefinitionofadulthoodstatusmaychangeinagivensocieiyas

socialandeconomicconditionschange.Examplesofthistypeofchangearethe

disappearanceofthefromierinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnited

States,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.Inmodern

society,ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolic

significanceandtherenolongerisagreementastowhatconstitutesinitiationceremonies.

Socialoneshavebeenreplacedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognition

andsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,highschoolgraduationand

collegegraduationconstitutesuchasequence,andwhileeachstepimpliescertain

behavioralchangesandsocialrecognition,thesignificanceofeachdependsonthesocio­

economicstatusandtheeducationalambitionoftheindividual.Ceremoniesfor

adolescencehavealsobeenreplacedbylegaldefinitionsofstatusroles,rights,privileges

andresponsibilities.Itisduringthenineyearsfromthetwelfthbirthdaytothetwenty-

firstthattheprotectiveandrestrictiveaspectsofchildhoodandminorstatusareremoved

andadultprivilegesandresponsibilitiesaxegranted.Thetwelve-year-oldisnolonger

consideredachildandhastopayfullfarefortrain,airplane,theaterandmovietickets.

Basically,theindividualatthisageloseschildhoodprivilegeswithoutgainingsignificant

adultrights.Attheageofsixteentheadolescentisgrantedcertainadultrightswhich

increaseshissocialstatusbyprovidinghimwithmorefreedomandchoices.Henowcan

obtainadriver'slicense:hecanleavepublicschools;andhecanworkwithoutthe

restrictionsofchildlaborlaws.Attheageofeighteenthelawprovidesadult

responsibilitiesaswellasrights:theyoungmancannowbeasoldier,buthealsocan

marrywithoutparentalpermission.Attheageoftwenty-onetheindividualobtainshis

fulllegalrightsasanadult.Henowcanvote,hecanbuyliquor,hecanenterinto

financialcontracts,andheisentitledtorunforpublicoffice.Noadditionalbasicrights

areacquiredasafunctionofageaftermajoritystatushasbeenattained.Noneofthese

legalprovisionsdetermineatwhatpointadulthoodhasbeenreachedbuttheydopointto

theprolongedperiodofadolescence.

26、Theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerinindustrialsocietiesbecause.

A>thedefinitionofmaturityhaschanged

B、theindustrializedsocietyismoredeveloped

C、moreeducationisprovidedandlawsagainstchildlaboraremade

D、ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolic

significance

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据笫一段笫2句whileinindustrialsocietieswithpatternsof

prolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceis

muchlonger...,在工业化社会，由于延长了的教育以及一些反对童工的法律，青

年期比过去长得多。所以答案选项正确。

27、Formersocialceremoniesthatusedtomarkadolescencehavegivenplaceto

A、graduationsfromschoolsandcolleges

B、socialrecognition

C、socio-economicstatus

D^certainbehavioralchanges

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：根据第二段第2句可知，过去用来划分青年期的社会经济的标志现在

已经被一系列社会认同性和社会地位的逐步提高而替代，比如小学毕业，高中毕业

和大学毕业等，因此，答案选项符合文意。

28、Noonecanexpectlofullyenjoytheadulthoodprivilegesuntilheis.

A^elevenyearsold

B、sixteenyearsold

C>twenty-oneyearsold

D、betweentwelveandtwenty-oneyearsold

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据文中第二段倒数第4句Altheageoftwenty-onetheindividual

obtainshisfulllegalrightsasanadult.很明显可知此题答案选项正确。

29>Startingfrom22,.

A、onewillobtainmorebasicrights

B、theolderonebecomes,themorebasicrightshewillhave

C、onewon'tgetmorebasicrightsthanwhenheis21

D、onewillenjoymorerightsgrantedbysociety

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第二段倒数第4句Attheageoftwenty-onetheindividualobtains

hisfulllegalrightsasanadult.当一个人到了21岁时就获得全部的作为成人的权利

了。所以可推断，当一个人到了22岁就不能获得更多的基本权利了。因此答案选

项正确。

30、Accordingtothepassage,itistruethat.

A、inthelate19thcenturyintheUnitedStatesthedividinglinebetweenadolescence

andadulthoodnolongerexisted

B、noonecanmarrywithoutthepermissionofhisparentsuntiltheageoftwenty-one

C、oneisconsideredtohavereachedadulthoodwhenhehasadriver'slicense

D、oneisnotfreefromtherestrictionsofchildlaborlawsuntilhecanjointhearmy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据文章倒数第2行Noneoftheselegalprovisionsdetermineatwhat

pointadulthoodhasbeenreached…可以知道这些法律的规定并不能决定在哪一点就

算进成年期了，因而己经没有一条很明确的区分青年期与成年期的标准线。所以答

案选项正确。

Cultureisthesumtotalofallthetraditions,customs,beliefs,andwaysoflifeofagiven

groupofhumanbeings.Inthissense,everygrouphasaculture,howeversavage,

undeveloped,oruncivilizeditmayseemtous.Totheprofessionalanthropologist,there

isnointrinsicsuperiorityofonecultureoveranother,justastotheprofessionallinguist

thereisnointrinsichierarchyamonglanguages.Peopleoncethoughtofthelanguagesof

backwardgroupassavage,undevelopedformsofspeech,consistinglargelyofgruntsand

groans.Whileitispossiblethatlanguagesingeneralbeganasaseriesofgruntsand

groans.Itisafactestablishedbythestudyof"backward"languagesthatnospoken

tongueanswersthatdescriptiontoday.Mostlanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsare,byour

mostseverestandards,extremelycomplex,delicate,andingeniouspiecesofmachinery

forthetransferofideas.TheyfallbehindourWesternlanguagesnotintheirsound

patternsorgrammaticals:ructures,whichusuallyarefullyadequateforalllanguage

needs,butonlyintheirvocabularies,whichreflecttheobjectsandactivitiesknownto

theirspeakers.Eveninthisdepartment,however,twothingsaretobenoted:1.All

languagesseemtopossessthemachineryforvocabularyexpansion,whetherbyputting

togetherwordsalreadyinexistenceorbyborrowingthemfromotherlanguagesand

adaptingthemtotheirownsystems.2.Theobjectsandactivitiesrequiringnamesand

distinctionsfor"backward"languages,whiledifferentfromours,areoftensurprisingly

numerousandcomplicated.AWesternlanguagedistinguishesbetweenwhatiscloseto

thespeaker,ortothepersonaddressed,orremovedfromboth,oroutofsight,orinthe

past,orinthefuture.Thisstudyoflanguage,inturn,castsanewlightupontheclaimof

theanthropologiststhatallculturesarctobeviewedindependently,andwithoutideasof

rankorhierarchy.

31、Thestatementthat"everygrouphasaculture"growsoutoftheauthor's.

A>definitionofculture

B>feelingabouthumanbeings

C、biasinregardtocivilizedhumans

D、philosophy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在第一段，作者首先给出了一个他（她）给文化下的定义，即文化是某

一特定团体的人的所有，专统、习俗、信仰和生活方式的总结。根据这个定义可以推

知，不管哪个群体，不管其发展程度如何，都有其自身的文化。因此这个结论是建

立在段首那个关于文化的定义基础上的。

32、ThelanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsascomparedtoWesternlanguagesarelimited

in.

A、soundpatterns

B、grammaticalstructures

C^vocabularies

D、bothAandB

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第三段第5句TheyfallbehindourWesternlanguagesnotintheir

soundpatternsorgrammaticalstructures,…，butonlyintheirvocabularyo刃H些较不

发达团体语言落后于西方语言的原因不在于其发音方式或语法结构，而在于其词

汇。由此可知，答案选项正确。

33、Thearticlestatesthatgrunt-and-groanformsofspeecharefound.

A、nowheretoday

B、amongtheAustralianaborigines

C、amongEasterncultures

D、amongpeoplespeaking"backward"languages

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第三段第3句Itisafactestablishedbythestudyofbackward',

languagesthatnospokentongueanswersthatdescriptiontoday.由此可知，语言发展

之初时哪种“哼哼”声的语言在现在已经不存在了。

34、Accordingtotheauthor,languages,whethercivilizedornot,have.

A^thepotentialforexpandingvocabulary

B、theirownsoundpatterns

C、anabilitytotransferideas

D^grammaticalstructures

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第三段倒数第3句Alllanguagesseemtopossessthemachineryfor

vocabularyexpansion…所有的语言都有扩大词汇量的机制，即有扩大词汇的潜力，

因此答案选项正确。

35、Accordingtolliearticle,somelanguagesofAmericanIndiansare.

A^moreadvancedthanWesternlanguage

B、uncivilized

C、backward

D^abletodistinguishmorethantwodegreesofremoteness

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据第三段后半部分内容，尤其最后一句AWesternlanguage

distinguishesbetweenwhatisclosetothespeaker,ortothepersonaddressed,or

removedfromboth,oroutofsight,orinthepast,orinthefuture.可以推出美国印

第安人的一些语言可以区分两种不同事物，因此答案选项正确。

Foranyonewhoissetonacareerinfashionitisnotenoughtohavesucceededin

college.Therealtestiswhethertheycansurviveandbecomeestablishedduringtheir

early20s,makinganameforthemselvesintherealworldwherebusinessskillscancount

forasmuchasflairandcreativity.Fashionisahardbusiness.Thereisacontinuous

amountofstressbecauseworkisataconstantbreakneckspeedtoprepareforthenext

season'scollections.Itisextremelycompetitiveandthereistheconstantneedtocultivate

goodcoverageinnewspapersandmagazines.Italsorequirescontinualfreshnessbecause

theappetitefornewideasisinsatiable（不能满足的）."Wctrytowarnpeoplebeforethey

cometousabouthowtoughitis",saysLydiaKemeny,theHeadofFashionatSt.

Martin'sSchoolofArtinLondon,"andwcpointoutthatdriveanddeterminationare

essential".Thismayseemfarremovedfromthepopularimageofirendy（时髦的）and

dilettante（浅薄的）youngpeoplespendingtheirtimedesigningprettydresses.Thatmay

wellbewhattheydointheirfirstyearofstudybutagoodcollegewon'tbeslowin

introducingstudentstocommercialrealities."Wcdon'tstampontheblossomingflower

ofcreativitybutinthesecondyearwestartintroducingtheconstraintsofprice,

manufacturability,marketingandsoon".Almostallfashiondesignisdonetoabrief（任

务提不，说明）.Itisnotaformofself-expressionassuch,althoughthereiscertainly

roomfbrimaginationandinnovation.Mostyoungdesignersaregoingtoendupas

employeesofamanufacturerorfashionhouseandtheystillneedtobeabletowork

withinthecharacteristicstyleoftheiremployer.Eventhosestudentswhoaremostavant-

garde［（艺术等）激进派］intheirowntasteofclothesandimagemayneedtoadaptto

producedesignswhicharerightfbrthemainstreamMarksandSpencertypeofmarket.

Theyalsohavetobeabletoworkatboththeexclusivelyexpensiveandthecheapendof

themarketandthechallengetoproducegooddesigninexpensivelymaywellbemore

demandingthanwheremoneyisnoobject.

36、Tobesuccessfulasafashiondesigneryoumust.

ANhaveexcellentacademicqualifications

B>beabletohandlebusinessproblems

C^bewellestablishedbeforeyouare20

D、havetakenanintensivecommercialcourse

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第一段第2句可知，在现实世界中，时装设计师的商业才能、天

赋，以及创造力是同样重要的成功要素，因而他们必须学会处理商业上的问题。所

以答案选项是最佳选项。

37、Allfashiondesignersshouldexpectto.

A、copewithcontinualfatigue

B、makearapidturnover

C、workwithoutremission

D^facetoughcompetetion

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据文章第二段第3句Itisextremelycompetitive…，nJ以推出，服装

设计这一行业竞争十分激烈，因此每个服装设计师都耍面对这一现实。故本题的答

案选项正确。

38、Infashiondesignoneofthemostimportantfactorsisto.

A、satisfyexcessivedemands

B、maintaingoodpresscontacts

C、makeinstantdecisions

D、cultivatepublictaste

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第二段第3句...thereistheconstantneedtocultivategoodcoverage

innewspapersandmagazines.必须与报刊、杂志等新闻媒体保持良好的联系。press

意为”出版部、报纸等”。

39、Initially,manyyoungdesignershaveto.

A、workfordepartmentstores

B、changetheirpersonaltasteinfashion

C、repress（ffi^）theircreativity

D、conformtoacertainimage

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据最后一段可知，即使是创作风格很独特的学生，出于商业目的，

也必须适应设计一些迎合市场主流品牌风格的服装，因此答案选项正确。conform

意为”顺应；遵照；符合，

40、Theviewsonfashiondesignexpressedinthisarticle.

A、presentanencouragingpicture

B、containsomeinnovativeideas

C、dispelsomecommonillusions

D、discountthecreativeelement

标准答案：c

知识点词析：文章第一段说有志从事服装业的学生仅仅在学校取得优异成绩是不够

的，第二段说了服装业是一个艰苦行业。第三段提到一些好的服装学校也教授一些

生产加工、市场方面的知识。第四段提到学生毕业后必须学会适应社会的需要。通

过这些对服装业的介绍，使读者消除了一些错觉，真正了解了服装业，因此答案选

项正确。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共

5分。）

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelist(A^B、C>D、E、F^G.......)tofitintoeachofthe

numberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.(10

points)(41).Buttrafficexpertssaybuildingmoreroadsisaquick-fixsolution

thatwillnotalleviatethetrafficprobleminthelongrun.Soaringlandcosts,increasing

concernoversocialandenvironmentaldisruptionscausedbyroadbuilding,andthe

likelihoodthatmoreroadscanonlyleadtomorecarsandtrafficarepowerfulfactors

bearingdownona!950s-styleconstructionprogram.(42).Proponentsofthis

advancedtechnologysayelectronicdetectionsystems,closed-circuittelevision,radio

communication,rampmetering,variablemessagesinging,andothersmart-highway

technologycannowbeusedatareasonablecosttoimprovecommunicationbetween

driversandthepeoplewhomonitortraffic.Pathfinder,aSantaMonica,California-based

smart-highwayprojectinwhicha14-milestretchoftheSantaMonicaFreeway,making

upwhatiscalleda"smartcorridor",isbeinginstrumentedwithburiedloopsinthe

pavement.Closedcircuittelevisioncamerassurveytheflowoftraffic,while

communicationslinkedtoproperlyequippedautomobilesadvisemotoristsoftheleast

congestedroutesordetours.(43).''Electronicsonthehighwayaddressesjustone

aspectoftheProblem:howtoregulatetrafficmoreefficiently**,explainsMichaelRennet,

seniorresearcherattheWorldwatchInstitute."Itdoesn'tdealwiththecentralproblemof

toomanycarsforroadsthatcan'tbebuiltfastenough.Itsendspeoplethewrong

message:Theystanthinking'Yes,thereusedtobeatrafficcongestionproblem,but(hat's

beensolvednowbecausewehaveanadvancedhigh-techsysteminplace.Larson

agreesandadds,(44)"Othertrafficproblem-solvingoptionsbeingstudiedand

experimentedwithincludecarpooling,rapidmass-lransitsystems,staggeredorflexible

workhours,androadpricing,asystemwherebymotoristspayacertainamountforthe

timetheyuseahighway.(45).A.Smarthighwaysarejustoneofthetoolsthatwe

willusetodealwithourtrafficproblems.It'snotthesolutionitself,justpartofthe

package.Therearedifferentstrategies.B.Itseemsthatweneedanew,majorthrust(o

dealwiththetrafficproblemsofthenext20years.Therehastobeabigchange.C.It's

takingadvantageofthetechnologyyouuseinyoureverydaylivesandputtingittowork

onhighways.D.Trafficstatisticspaintagloomypicture.Tohelpsolvetheirtrafficwoes,

somerapidlygrowingU.S.citieshavesimplybuiltmoreroads.E.Thegoalofsmart­

highwaytechnologyistomaketrafficsystemsworkatoptimumefficiencybytreating

theroadandthevehiclestravelingonthemasanintegraltransportationsystem.F.Smart

highwaysthatwillallowadrivertoprogramadestinationonadashboardcomputer,then

sitbackandenjoytheride.G.Notalltrafficexperts,however,looktosmart-highway

technologyastheultimatesolutiontotrafficgridlock.Somesaythehigh-techapproachis

limitedandcanonlyoffertemporarysolutionstoaseriousproblem.

41、Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,

choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(AsB、C、D、E、F^G.......)tofitinto

eachofthenumberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyof

thegaps.(10points)(41).Buttrafficexpertssaybuildingmoreroadsisaquick-

fixsolutionthatwillnotalleviatethetrafficprobleminthelongrun.Soaringlandcosts,

increasingconcernoversocialandenvironmentaldisruptionscausedbyroadbuilding,

andthelikelihoodthatmoreroadscanonlyleadtomorecarsandtrafficarepowerful

factorsbearingdownona1950s-styleconstructionprogram.(42).Proponentsof

thisadvancedtechnologysayelectronicdetectionsystems,closed-circuittelevision,radio

communication,rampmetering,variablemess