山东省高密市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省高密市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月检测英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’relookingfornewheadphones(头戴式耳机)andwanttotrysomethingdifferent,HouseofMarleycouldbeagoodchoiceforyou.AsacompanycreatedbytheMarleyfamilytocarryonBobMarley’sloveforbothmusicandtheplanet,thecompanycreatesattractiveandtimelessproductsthataregoodfortheearth.Todaywetriedoutanewtypeofover-carheadphonewhichyoucouldgetwithhighqualityatareallyfairprice.BatteryOffering32hoursofplaybackwithnoisecancelingturnedoff,and26hoursturnedon,theheadphoneswillgetyouthroughseveraldaysoflisteningtogoodmusicwithoutcharging(充电)thebatteries.Youcanusethemlongerifyouputthemonairplanemode.Andthequick-chargetechnologywillallowyoutoenjoyatwo-hourplaybackafterjust15minutesofcharging.SoundThemostimportantthinghereisthesound.Ithasalotofsoundqualityforyoutochoosefrom,withclearsoundthatwillsoundgreatonaclassicaltrack.Youcanalsodesignthesoundtoyourlikingontheapp.MaterialMadeofwoodandreusablealuminum(铝),theheadphonesweighquiteabitbutit’snottosaythatthey’reuncomfortable.Thespecialearpads(衬垫)fitaroundtheearsclosely,andtheundersideoftheheadbandalsohaslotsofsoftpadssoyoucan’tfeeluncomfortableevenafterhoursoflistening.Costs:RRP£199.Ifover-earheadphonesaren’tyourthing,youcan’tgowrongwithourotherexcellentproducts.1.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheproductsofHouseofMarley?A.Beautiful. B.Traditional.C.World-famous. D.Environmentallyfriendly.2.Whatisspecialaboutthenewtypeofheadphone?A.Ithaslongbatterylife.B.Itworksbestinairplanemode.C.Itcanbefullychargedin15minutes.D.Itcanrecognizeenvironmentalnoiseeasily.3.Whyaretheremanysoftpads?A.Tomaketheheadphonesunbreakable.B.Tomaketheheadphoneslookbeautiful.C.Tomakepeoplefeelphysicallycomfortable.D.Toimprovethesoundqualityofheadphones.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由Marley家族创建的HouseofMarley公司的一款新型头戴式耳机，强调了该产品的环保特性、电池续航、音质以及舒适的佩戴体验。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AsacompanycreatedbytheMarleyfamilytocarryonBobMarley’sloveforbothmusicandtheplanet,thecompanycreatesattractiveandtimelessproductsthataregoodfortheearth.”（作为一家由Marley家族创建的公司，为了延续BobMarley对音乐和这个星球的热爱，该公司创造了吸引人且永恒的产品，这些产品对地球有益。）可知，HouseofMarley的产品是环保的，对环境有益的。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Offering32hoursofplaybackwithnoisecancelingturnedoff,and26hoursturnedon,theheadphoneswillgetyouthroughseveraldaysoflisteningtogoodmusicwithoutchargingthebatteries.”（在关闭降噪功能的情况下，这款耳机可以提供32小时的播放时间，而在开启降噪功能的情况下，可以提供26小时的播放时间。这款耳机可以让你在不充电的情况下，连续几天都能听到好听的音乐。）可知，这款新型耳机的特别之处在于它的电池寿命很长。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thespecialearpads(衬垫)fitaroundtheearsclosely,andtheundersideoftheheadbandalsohaslotsofsoftpadssoyoucan’tfeeluncomfortableevenafterhoursoflistening.”（特殊的耳垫紧密贴合耳朵，头带的下方也有很多软垫，所以即使听了好几个小时，你也不会感到不舒服。）可知，有许多软垫是为了让人们佩戴起来感觉更舒适。故选C项。BWhenIwasalittleboy,Ialwaysdreamedofbecomingadoctor.Mymotherwasanemergencyroomnurse,soIwouldoftengotothehospitalwithherandwatchhercareforpatients.Forthefirsttime,whenIwasinhighschoolandbegantakingbiology,IrealizedhowpassionateIwasaboutscienceandtheideaofonedayworkingwithchildren.Oneexperiencethathighlightsthisperiodwasvolunteeringatachildren’shospitalduringmyundergraduateyears.Ihadtheopportunitytoworkwithchildrenwhohadcancerandotherlife-threateningillnesses.Thesechildrenhadbeenthroughsomuchatsuchayoungage.Yettheywereincrediblybraveandstrong.IknewthenthatIwantedtohelpchildrenlikethem.Duringmyundergraduateyears,Idevotedmyselftomygoalbymajoringinbiologyandchemistry.Thesecourseslaidasolidgroundworkinthesciences,whichisessentialinthemedicalprofession.Inaddition,Ispenttimeshadowingpediatriciansandvolunteeringatclinicstogainafullunderstandingofthefield.Theseexperiencesexposedmetothepracticalnatureofpediatricsandallowedmetoassistfamiliesduringchallengingtimes.AsIadvancedinmystudies,Ibecameincreasinglyinterestedintheresearchaspectofmedicine.Itookpartinacoupleofresearchprojects,suchasastudyonchildhoodasthmaanditslinktoacademicperformance.Thisinvolvementhelpedmeappreciatethevalueofresearchinimprovinghowweunderstandandtreatpediatricillnesses.Oneofthemostrewardingpartsofpediatricsisthechancetobuildrelationshipswithpatientsandtheirfamilies.Childrenarenotjustpatients—theyareindividualswithuniqueneedsandpersonalities.Asapediatrician,Iaimtounderstandthoseneedsandprovideeffective,personalizedcare.4.Whatimpressedtheauthormostaboutthekids?A.Theiroptimismandpatience. B.Theircourageandtoughness.C.Theirkindnessandcuriosity. D.Theirsincerityandcuteness.5.Whatisimpliedintheauthor’sundergraduateyears?A.Hestudiedrareillnessesinkids. B.Hepublishedanacademicpaper.C.Hecombinedlearningandpractice. D.Hehelpedcureachildwithasthma.6.Whydoestheauthorfindhisjobmeaningful?A.Hevaluedcarebetweenpeople. B.Hecouldkeepayouthfulmind.C.Hecouldhearkids’laughter. D.Helongedtotrynewthings.7.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Considerateandmodest. B.Observantandprincipled.C.Humorousandhelpful. D.Persistentandresponsible.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者从小立志成为儿科医生并为之付出努力的经历与初心。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thesechildrenhadbeenthroughsomuchatsuchayoungage.Yettheywereincrediblybraveandstrong.(这些孩子在这么小的年纪就经历了这么多。然而，他们却异常勇敢和坚强)”可知，这些患病儿童的勇气和坚韧给作者留下了最深刻的印象。故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Duringmyundergraduateyears,Idevotedmyselftomygoalbymajoringinbiologyandchemistry.Thesecourseslaidasolidgroundworkinthesciences,whichisessentialinthemedicalprofession.Inaddition,Ispenttimeshadowingpediatriciansandvolunteeringatclinicstogainafullunderstandingofthefield.(在本科期间，我全身心地投入到自己的目标中，主修生物和化学。这些课程为医学专业必不可少的科学奠定了坚实的基础。此外，我花时间跟随儿科医生，在诊所做志愿者，以充分了解这个领域)”可知，作者本科阶段兼顾专业课程学习与临床实践，做到了学与用相结合。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Oneofthemostrewardingpartsofpediatricsisthechancetobuildrelationshipswithpatientsandtheirfamilies.Childrenarenotjustpatients—theyareindividualswithuniqueneedsandpersonalities.Asapediatrician,Iaimtounderstandthoseneedsandprovideeffective,personalizedcare.(儿科最有意义的部分之一，就是有机会与患者及其家属建立联系。孩子不仅仅是病人——他们是有着独特需求和个性的个体。作为一名儿科医生，我的目标是了解这些需求，并提供有效、个性化的护理)”可知，作者认为这份工作有意义是因为他重视人与人之间的关怀。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Forthefirsttime,whenIwasinhighschoolandbegantakingbiology,IrealizedhowpassionateIwasaboutscienceandtheideaofonedayworkingwithchildren.(当我在高中开始学习生物时，我第一次意识到我对科学和有一天与孩子们一起工作的想法是多么的充满激情)”和三段中的“Duringmyundergraduateyears,Idevotedmyselftomygoalbymajoringinbiologyandchemistry.Thesecourseslaidasolidgroundworkinthesciences,whichisessentialinthemedicalprofession.Inaddition,Ispenttimeshadowingpediatriciansandvolunteeringatclinicstogainafullunderstandingofthefield.(在本科期间，我全身心地投入到自己的目标中，主修生物和化学。这些课程为医学专业必不可少的科学奠定了坚实的基础。此外，我花时间跟随儿科医生，在诊所做志愿者，以充分了解这个领域)”可知，作者成为儿科医生的目标明确且意志坚定；根据最后一段中的“Asapediatrician,Iaimtounderstandthoseneedsandprovideeffective,personalizedcare.(作为一名儿科医生，我致力于了解这些需求，并为每个孩子提供量身定制的护理)”可知，作者有责任心。故选D项。CCortisol,widelyknownasthe“stresshormone(激素)”，playsakeyroleinmanagingstress.TherecentdiscussionsinTikToksuggestamisinterpretationthatcortisolimbalancesaredirectlyresponsibleforvarioushealthissues,fromsleepdisorderstodigestiveproblem.Expertspointout:therelationshipbetweencortisolandbodysymptomsisnotdirect.Ourbodiesproducecortisolwhenweencounterachallenge,whethermentalorphysical,realorimagined.Thingslikecomingacrossabearonahike,receivinganannoyingworkemailordeliveringapublicspeecharethetypicalcases.Cortisolhelpsinenergysupplyandmetabolism(新陈代谢).Itslevelsvary,peakinginthemorningandreducingbynight.However,long-termstresscandisturbthisbalance,leadingtocontinuoushighcortisollevels.Potentialdisadvantagesareweakenedimmune(免疫的)systemandhighbloodsugar,aswellasmanymentalillnesses.Inextremecases,toomuchcortisolmayleadtoseriousphysicalchangesandrequiremedicaltreatment.Identifyingcortisol-relatedissuesrequiresprofessionalevaluation,asself-assessmentorat-hometestingmaynotprovideaccurateresultsduetocortisol’schangingnature.Expertssuggestturningtohealthcareprofessionalsforacarefulcheck.Whilethere’snoone-size-fits-allsolutionformanagingcortisollevels,researchindicatesthatpracticessuchasyoga,mindfulness,andexercisecanhelpadjustthebody’sstressresponse.Theseactivitiesnotonlyhelpinreducingstressbutalsointrainingthebodytomanageitsstressresponsemoreeffectivelyovertime.Inconclusion,cortisolplaysakeyroleinhowourbodydealwithstressandfunctions.However,sayingthatmanyhealthproblemsarejustduetocortisolimbalancesmissesthecomplexinteractionbetweenhormones,stressandhealth.It’simportanttotakeaproperattitudetowardshealth.withprofessionalguidanceandpersonalizedstressmanagementstrategies.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutcortisol’snormalstate?A.Itslevelsarehigherinthemorningandloweratnight.B.Itisonlyproducedwhenpeoplefacephysicalchallenges.C.Ithasnoeffectonthebody’senergysupplyandmetabolism.D.Itdoesn’tchangewhenpeopleencounterimaginedproblems.9.Whathappensifcortisollevelsstayhighforalongtime?A.Itmaycauselowbloodsugar. B.Itmaybenefitourmentalhealth.C.Itmaymaketheimmunesystemweaker. D.Itmayhelpusdealwithdailychallenges.10.Whatisrecommendedfordealingwithcortisol?A.Managingitslevelwithonesituationthatfitsall.B.Tryingtoloweritsleveltosolveallhealthproblems.C.Discoveringitsrelatedissuesthroughat-hometesting,D.Turningtoexpertsforscientificassessmentifnecessary.11.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Abrochureonhealthylifestyle. B.Atextbookoneducationaltheory.C.Acolumnfocusingonhealthtopics. D.Aresearchpaperonsocialprogress.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕被称为“压力激素”的皮质醇展开，纠正了抖音上关于“皮质醇失衡直接导致多种健康问题”的误解，介绍了皮质醇的正常分泌机制、长期压力导致皮质醇水平异常的危害，以及应对皮质醇相关问题的科学建议，强调了激素、压力与健康间的复杂关联。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Itslevelsvary,peakinginthemorningandreducingbynight.(它的水平会变化，早上达到峰值，晚上降低。)”可知，皮质醇的正常状态是早上水平较高，晚上较低。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“long-termstresscandisturbthisbalance,leadingtocontinuoushighcortisollevels.Potentialdisadvantagesareweakenedimmune(免疫的)systemandhighbloodsugar,aswellasmanymentalillnesses.(长期压力会扰乱这种平衡，导致皮质醇水平持续偏高。潜在的弊端包括免疫系统减弱、血糖升高以及多种精神疾病。)”可知，皮质醇水平长期偏高会使免疫系统变弱。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Identifyingcortisol-relatedissuesrequiresprofessionalevaluation,asself-assessmentorat-hometestingmaynotprovideaccurateresultsduetocortisol’schangingnature.Expertssuggestturningtohealthcareprofessionalsforacarefulcheck.(识别皮质醇相关的问题需要专业的评估，因为自我评估或家庭测试可能无法提供准确的结果，由于皮质醇的变化性质。专家建议向医疗专业人员进行仔细检查。)”可知，应对皮质醇的建议是必要时向专家寻求科学评估。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕皮质醇的功能、异常影响及科学应对展开，核心是健康话题。文章来自关注健康话题的专栏，故选C。DWithitsrollinghills,dramaticwaterfalls,andrichwoodlands,theDurhamDalesinEnglandprovidesanaturalhabitatforbirds—andit’salsohometozoologistandartistSaraCox.Surroundedbynaturesincechildhood,shehasalwaysbeenpassionateaboutbirds.Today,shecreatesdetailedbirdsculpturesmadefromfinemetalwire,combiningscientificknowledgewithartisticcreativitytoraiseawarenessaboutthechallengesfacingbirdpopulationsandtoinspirepeopletocareforthem.Asachild,Saraspentmuchofhertimeoutdoorswithherbrothers—exploringthegardenorwalkinginthecountryside.Theseearlyexperienceshelpedherdevelopadeepappreciationforthenaturalworld.Atthesametime,creativitywasastrongpresenceinherhome;herfather,anengineer,enjoyedwelding(焊接)andbuilding,whilehermothermadepotteryinhersparetime.Theirhands-onskillsandartisticsensibilitygaveSarabothtechnicalandcreativefoundations.Later,whenshemovedtoMickleton20yearsago,thesurroundingwildlifebecameapowerfulsourceofinspiration.Observingbirdsupcloseintheirnaturalhabitathelpedherfindherownartisticvoiceandconnectherloveofnaturewithsculpture.Sara’swirebirdsculpturesaretheresultofcarefulobservationanddetailedstudy.Shewillsitoutsideforhours,sketchingandobservingthebirds’movements—rightdowntohowtheirmusclesworkandhowtheyshifttheirweight.Shealsovisitsmuseumstostudybirdskeletons(骨架)soshecanunderstandthestructurebeneaththefeathers.“Tosculptabirdaccurately,Ineedtoknowwhat’sunderneath,”sheexplains.Hersculptureshavebeenshowninnationalexhibitions,includingoneheldbytheRoyalSocietyofBritishArtistsinLondon.Theycanalsobeseenalongnaturetrails(小径),suchasattheDurhamWildlifeTrust’sLowBarnsreserve.Whetherdisplayedingalleriesoroutinthewild,herworkhasbeenpraisedbymuseums,galleries,andwildlifetrustsalikeforitsscientificaccuracy,emotionalimpact,andabilitytoencouragegreaterappreciationforbirdspecies.12.WhatisthepurposeforSaraCoxtocreatebirdsculptures?A.Topromoteherhometown. B.Todisplayherartistictalent.C.Toinspireconservationefforts. D.Tosupportscientificresearch.13.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphraseinparagraph2?A.Boostherenthusiasmforart. B.Cultivateheruniqueartisticstyle.C.Establishherownsocialstatus. D.Discoverherpersonalvalue.14.WhatgoodqualitiesdoesSarademonstratewhensculptingbirds?A.Patienceandcarefulness. B.Calmnessanddetermination.C.Confidenceandoptimism. D.Creativityandconsideration.15.WhyistheRoyalSocietyofBritishArtistsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.ToillustratetheUK’stopartinstitutions.B.Tocontrastnationalandlocalartscenes.C.ToexplainthefurtherstudySarapursued.D.TohighlighttherecognitionSarareceived.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要讲的是英国动物学家兼艺术家SaraCox受自然启发，以金属丝创作精准鸟类雕塑，融合艺术与科学，呼吁人们关注鸟类生存挑战、守护自然。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Today,shecreatesdetailedbirdsculpturesmadefromfinemetalwire,combiningscientificknowledgewithartisticcreativitytoraiseawarenessaboutthechallengesfacingbirdpopulationsandtoinspirepeopletocareforthem.(如今，她用精细的金属丝创作出栩栩如生的鸟类雕塑，将科学知识与艺术创造力相结合，以提高人们对鸟类种群所面临挑战的认识，并激励人们关爱鸟类。)”可知，SaraCox创作鸟类雕塑的目的是激发环保努力。故选C。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“connectherloveofnaturewithsculpture(将对自然的热爱与雕塑结合起来。)”可知，“findherownartisticvoice”的意思是“形成属于自己独特的艺术表达形式”，即艺术风格。因此可用“Cultivateheruniqueartisticstyle(培养她独特的艺术风格)”代替划线部分，故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Shewillsitoutsideforhours,sketchingandobservingthebirds’movements—rightdowntohowtheirmusclesworkandhowtheyshifttheirweight.Shealsovisitsmuseumstostudybirdskeletonssoshecanunderstandthestructurebeneaththefeathers.(她会坐在户外数小时，素描并观察鸟类的动作——甚至细致到它们的肌肉如何运作以及它们如何转移重心。她还会参观博物馆研究鸟类骨架，以便了解羽毛下的结构。)”可知，Sara在雕刻鸟类时表现出的优良品质是耐心和细心，故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hersculptureshavebeenshowninnationalexhibitions,includingoneheldbytheRoyalSocietyofBritishArtistsinLondon.Theycanalsobeseenalongnaturetrails,suchasattheDurhamWildlifeTrust’sLowBarnsreserve.Whetherdisplayedingalleriesoroutinthewild,herworkhasbeenpraisedbymuseums,galleries,andwildlifetrustsalikeforitsscientificaccuracy,emotionalimpact,andabilitytoencouragegreaterappreciationforbirdspecies.(她的雕塑作品曾在国家级展览中展出，包括在伦敦由英国皇家艺术家协会举办的一场展览。人们还可以在自然小径上看到她的作品，比如在达勒姆野生动物信托基金的洛巴恩斯保护区。无论是在画廊展出还是在野外展示，她的作品都因其科学准确性、情感冲击力以及激发人们对鸟类物种更深层次欣赏的能力而受到博物馆、画廊和野生动物信托基金的一致赞誉。)”可知，最后一段提到了英国皇家艺术家协会的目的是为了突出Sara得到的认可。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(注：E涂AB，F涂AC，G涂AD)Mentalresilience(韧性)hasbecomeavitalskillintoday’sfast-pacedworld.___16___Researchindicatesthatindividualswithhighresiliencelevelsare35%morelikelytomaintainmentalhealthduringlong-termstress.Let’sexplorescientificallyprovenmethodstostrengthenthisability.TheMainIdeaExplainedResilienceisnotaboutreducingstressbutmanagingiteffectively.Emergingneurobiologicalevidenceshedslightonthispositivelyadaptiveprocess.___17___Neuroscientists(神经学家)compareittomuscletraining:facingproperchallengedregularlyimprovedmentalabilitytoadjust.Forinstance,A2023Harvardstudyshowedthatproperstressincreasedbrainthicknessinareasrelatedtomakingdecisions.PhysicalActivityasaFoundationExerciseisuniversallyrecognizedasakeyresilience-buildingtool.Duringaerobicworkouts,thebodyproducersBDNF(脑源性神经营养因子),aproteinimportantforbraindevelopment.___18___Meanwhile,thischemicalprocessnotonlyimprovedmoodbutalsostrengthensmentalabilities.Tomaximizebenefits,expertssuggestcombining30minutesofdailyexercisewithrelaxationmethodssuchasdeepbreathing.ThePowerofSocialBondsHumanbeingssucceedthroughmeaningfulconnections.Strongsocialnetworksactaspsychologicalsafetynetsduringcrises.___19___AStanfordUniversitystudyovermanyyearsfoundthatpeoplewithstrongsocialsupportrecovered50%fasterfromemotionaldifficultiesthanthosewhowereisolated.Surprisingly,onlinecommunicationthroughvideocallswas80%aseffectiveasface-to-facemeetingsinrecenttests.MethodstoChangeNegativeThoughtsHowweviewdifficultiesshapesourmentalresilience.Psychologistssuggestchangingextremenegativeideaslike“Ican’thandlethis”intopositiveviewssuchas“Thisishardbutpossible.”2022studyfoundthatdailygratitudepracticelowersstresshormonesby25%inthreeweeks.___20___A.Therefore,buildingstrongconnectionsshouldbeakeygoal.B.Creativeactivitieslikepaintingunexpectedlybetterstresstolerance.C.Workplaceculturesignificantlyimpactsemployees’stressmanagement.D.Thisnaturalprocesshelpsmaintainstableemotionsandenhancedclearthinking.E.Moreover,activelynoticingsmalldailysuccesseshelpsdeveloppositivethinking.F.Thispsychologicaltrainingstrengthensthebrain’sabilitytohandlefuturechallengers.G.Itreferstotheabilitytorecoverfromdifficultieswhilekeepingbasicoperationsrunning.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.A20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在当今快节奏的世界中，心理韧性已成为一项至关重要的技能，并探讨了科学证实的增强心理韧性的方法，包括正确理解韧性、进行体育活动、建立社会联系以及改变消极想法等。【16题详析】根据上文“Mentalresilience(韧性)hasbecomeavitalskillintoday’sfast-pacedworld.(心理韧性在当今快节奏的世界中已成为一项至关重要的技能)”以及下文“Researchindicatesthatindividualswithhighresiliencelevelsare35%morelikelytomaintainmentalhealthduringlong-termstress.(研究表明，具有高韧性水平的人在长期压力下保持心理健康的可能性要高出35%)”可知上文提到了“心理韧性”，下文说的是“心理韧性”的重要性，可推理出空白处需要对“心理韧性”这一概念进行解释说明，与G项“Itreferstotheabilitytorecoverfromdifficultieswhilekeepingbasicoperationsrunning.(它指的是在保持基本功能正常运行的同时从困难中恢复的能力)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。【17题详析】根据上文“Resilienceisnotaboutreducingstressbutmanagingiteffectively.Emergingneurobiologicalevidenceshedslightonthispositivelyadaptiveprocess.(韧性不是减少压力，而是有效地管理压力。新出现的神经生物学证据揭示了这一积极的适应过程)”以及下文“Neuroscientists(神经学家)compareittomuscletraining:facingproperchallengedregularlyimprovedmentalabilitytoadjust.(神经学家将其比作肌肉训练：定期面对适当的挑战可以提高心理调节能力)”可知，这里阐述的是这种适应过程对大脑能力的积极影响，与F项“Thispsychologicaltrainingstrengthensthebrain’sabilitytohandlefuturechallengers.(这种心理训练增强了大脑处理未来挑战的能力)”表达的意思一致，故选F项。【18题详析】根据上文“Duringaerobicworkouts,thebodyproducersBDNF(脑源性神经营养因子),aproteinimportantforbraindevelopment.(在有氧运动中，身体会产生脑源性神经营养因子，这是一种对大脑发育很重要的蛋白质)”以及下文“Meanwhile,thischemicalprocessnotonlyimprovedmoodbutalsostrengthensmentalabilities.(同时，这个化学过程不仅改善了情绪，还增强了心理能力)”可知此处提到了产生脑源性神经营养因子这一自然过程，可推理出空白处应是在说产生脑源性神经营养因子这一自然过程对人的积极的作用，与D项“Thisnaturalprocesshelpsmaintainstableemotionsandenhancedclearthinking.(这个自然过程有助于保持稳定的情绪并增强清晰的思维)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。【19题详析】根据上文“Humanbeingssucceedthroughmeaningfulconnections.Strongsocialnetworksactaspsychologicalsafetynetsduringcrises.(人类通过有意义的联系取得成功。强大的社交网络在危机期间充当心理安全网。)”以及下文“AStanfordUniversitystudyovermanyyearsfoundthatpeoplewithstrongsocialsupportrecovered50%fasterfromemotionaldifficultiesthanthosewhowereisolated.(斯坦福大学多年的一项研究发现，有强大社会支持的人比那些孤立无援的人从情感困难中恢复的速度要快50%)”可知有强大社会支持的人比那些孤立无援的人从情感困难中恢复的速度要快50%，可推理出此处应是在强调建立强大联系的重要性，与A项“Therefore,buildingstrongconnectionsshouldbeakeygoal.(因此，建立强大的联系应该是一个关键目标)”表达的意思一致，故选A项。【20题详析】根据上文“Psychologistssuggestchangingextremenegativeideaslike“Ican’thandlethis”intopositiveviewssuchas“Thisishardbutpossible.”2022studyfoundthatdailygratitudepracticelowersstresshormonesby25%inthreeweeks(心理学家建议将“我无法处理这个问题”等极端消极想法转变为“这很难但有可能”等积极观点。2022年的一项研究发现，每天进行感恩练习可以在三周内将压力荷尔蒙降低25%)”可知，此处应是在进一步说明培养积极思维的方法，与E项“Moreover,activelynoticingsmalldailysuccesseshelpsdeveloppositivethinking.(此外，积极关注日常的小成功有助于培养积极的思维)”表达的含义一致，且“Moreover”进一步递进，符合语境，故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SargassumisthesmellyseaweedpilinguponbeachesacrosstheCaribbean.Itisn’tsomethingmostpeople___21___kindly.ButforOmardeVazquez,agardener,itwassomethinglikea(an)___22___.Yearsago,aspartofhisgardeningbusiness,Omarlaunchedabeachcleanupserviceto___23___theleafyseaweed.But,asits___24___intensified,hestartedconsideringhowtoturnitintosomethinguseful,andin2018he___25___awaytouseitinbuildingblocks.Hestartedhiscompany—SargaBlocktomarketthebrickswhicharebeing___26___bytheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram(UNDP)asasustainablesolutiontoacurrentenvironmentalproblem.“WhenIlookatSargaBlock,it’slikelookingina___27___,”hesays,comparinghiscompanytoovercominghispersonal___28___,includingdrugandalcoholaddiction.“ThatwasatimewhenIfeltunwantedand___29___,likethesargassumpeoplecomplainedabout.”Luckily,Omargrewupinnatureandpoverty,which____30____hischaracterandturnedhimintosomeonewhotakesaction.Hewantedtomakesomethinggoodoutofsomethingeveryonesawasbad.Omarthenputhisideainto____31____,mixing40%sargassumwithotherorganicmaterials,likeclay,whichhethenputsintoablock-formingmachine.Theprocesswas____32____.TheUNDPselectedOmar’sworkfortheirAcceleratorLab,which____33____andrecognizesinnovativesolutionstoenvironmentalchallengesglobally.Theideaisthatsomeofthemosttimelyandcreative____34____comefromlocalssufferingfromenvironmentaldilemmas____35____.21.A.lookon B.bringin C.giveup D.comeacross22.A.game B.gift C.race D.trouble23.A.access B.harvest C.remove D.process24.A.heat B.image C.presence D.movement25.A.workedout B.calledfor C.showedoff D.turneddown26.A.highlighted B.undervalued C.overemphasized D.withdrawn27.A.window B.mirror C.dictionary D.puzzle28.A.struggles B.fears C.desires D.opinions29.A.appreciated B.infected C.interrupted D.rejected30.A.fitted B.shaped C.revealed D.described31.A.operation B.words C.bills D.profit32.A.straightforward B.transforming C.slow D.consuming33.A.combines B.provides C.identifies D.drafts34.A.responses B.reminder C.appeal D.issues35.A.alongside B.offshore C.underneath D.firsthand【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.A26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述园丁Omar将令人困扰的马尾藻转化为环保建筑砖，获联合国开发计划署认可，同时实现自我救赎的故事。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这不是大多数人会好感看待的东西。A.lookon看待；B.bringin引入；C.giveup放弃；D.comeacross偶遇。根据前文“thesmellyseaweedpilinguponbeaches”可知，马尾藻气味难闻、堆积海滩，多数人对其没有好感，“lookonkindly”表示“好感地看待”，符合语境。故选A项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对园丁OmardeVazquez来说，它却像是一份礼物。A.game游戏；B.gift礼物；C.race比赛；D.trouble麻烦。前文提到多数人反感马尾藻，此处“but”表转折，结合后文Omar将其转化为有用的建筑砖可知，马尾藻对他而言是有价值的“礼物”。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，作为园艺业务的一部分，Omar推出了海滩清理服务，以清除这种多叶海藻。A.access获取；B.harvest收获；C.remove清除；D.process加工。根据前文“beachcleanupservice”可知，服务的目的是清除海滩上的马尾藻，“remove”符合“清理”的核心语义。故选C项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着它的大量出现，他开始考虑如何将其转化为有用的东西，并在2018年想出了一种将其用于建筑砖的方法。A.heat热量；B.image形象；C.presence存在、出现（此处指大量堆积）；D.movement移动。根据前文“pilingup”及“intensified”可知，马尾藻在海滩上的堆积情况愈发严重，即“存在/出现的规模加剧”，“presence”符合语境。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但随着它的大量出现，他开始考虑如何将其转化为有用的东西，并在2018年想出了一种将其用于建筑砖的方法。A.workedout想出、解决；B.calledfor需要；C.showedoff炫耀；D.turneddown拒绝。根据后文“awaytouseitinbuildingblocks”可知，Omar想出了利用马尾藻的方法，“workedout”表示“想出（办法）”，符合语境。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他创办了自己的公司——SargaBlock，推广这种砖块，联合国开发计划署（UNDP）将其列为解决当前环境问题的可持续方案并加以重点关注。A.highlighted强调、重点关注；B.undervalued低估；C.overemphasized过分强调；D.withdrawn撤回。根据后文“asustainablesolutiontoacurrentenvironmentalproblem”可知，联合国开发计划署认可这种砖块的价值，对其进行“重点关注”，“highlighted”符合语境。故选A项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我看着SargaBlock时，就像在看一面镜子，”他说，并将自己的公司比作克服个人困境的过程，包括吸毒和酗酒成瘾。A.window窗户；B.mirror镜子；C.dictionary字典；D.puzzle谜题。根据后文“comparinghiscompanytoovercominghispersonal”可知，Omar将公司的创立与自身的救赎联系起来，SargaBlock就像镜子一样映照出他的成长，“mirror”符合“类比自身经历”的逻辑。故选B项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我看着SargaBlock时，就像在看一面镜子，”他说，并将自己的公司比作克服个人困境的过程，包括吸毒和酗酒成瘾。A.struggles困境、挣扎；B.fears恐惧；C.desires渴望；D.opinions观点。根据后文“includingdrugandalcoholaddiction”可知，这些是Omar曾面临的个人困境，“struggles”符合语境。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“那是一段我觉得自己不被需要、被排斥的时光，就像人们抱怨的马尾藻一样。”A.appreciated感激；B.infected感染；C.interrupted打断；D.rejected排斥、拒绝。根据前文“unwanted”可知，那是一段我觉得自己不被需要、被排斥的时光。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Omar在大自然和贫困中长大，这塑造了他的性格，使他成为一个采取行动的人。A.fitted适合；B.shaped塑造；C.revealed揭示；D.described描述。根据前文“grewupinnatureandpoverty”可知，成长环境对他的性格产生了塑造作用，“shaped”表示“塑造（性格、价值观等）”，符合语境。故选B项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Omar随后将他的想法付诸实践：将40%的马尾藻与其他有机材料（如黏土）混合，然后放入制砖机中。A.operation实践、运作；B.words言语；C.bills账单；D.profit利润。根据后文“mixing40%sargassumwithotherorganicmaterials,likeclay,whichhethenputsintoablock-formingmachine.”描述的混合材料、制砖过程可知，Omar将想法转化为实际行动，“putintooperation”表示“付诸实践、实施”，符合语境。故选A项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个过程是具有变革性的。A.straightforward直接的；B.transforming变革性的；C.slow缓慢的；D.consuming耗费精力的。根据前文“turnitintosomethinguseful”及后文获联合国认可可知，将无用的马尾藻转化为环保建材是一种具有变革意义的过程，“transforming”（此处为形容词，意为“变革性的”）符合语境。故选B项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：联合国开发计划