山东省菏泽市鄄城县部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市鄄城县部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANobodyexpectsanaturaldisastertostrike.Neitherdoesanyoneknowtheimpactitcanhaveonlife.Thefollowingmeasurescansaveyourlifeinanemergency.TyphoonTyphoonsoccurinthenorthwesternPacificOcean,particularlyinexposedregionsliketheCarolineIslands,thePhilippines,andJapan.Thebestplacetohideduringatyphoonisasecurebasementorabathroomwithnowindows.Amust-havedeviceisabattery-poweredweatherradio,throughwhichyouwillhearevacuationordersorinothercases,instructionsonhowtosurviveinyourshelterandlearnabouttheweathersituation.FloodFloodsoccurmoreoftenthananyothernaturaldisasterandchangethelandscapedramatically.Theyareusuallycausedbyintenserainfallslastingfordays.Don’ttrytobethebravestpersonaroundandstayinyourhouse.Onceyouheartheevacuationwarning,leaveforsaferhighergroundswithyourimportantpapersinawaterproofcontainer.AvalancheAnavalanchecanhitwhenyouareenjoyingAlpineskiinginadreamlikelocation.Itisveryfastanddisastrous,buryingeverythinginitswayundertonsofsnow.Whenanavalanchestarts,trytomovetothesideoftheslopeasfastasyoucan.Ifyougetburiedinthesnow,diganairpockettobeabletokeepbreathing.Waitfortherescueteamtofindyouanddon’twasteyourenergyshoutingordiggingfrantically.Calloutwhenyoubeartheteamapproaching.WildfireWildfiresspreadatanamazingspeedanddestroyeverythingintheirway.Ifyouarecaughtinawildfire,useawetclothtocoveryournoseandmouthtoensurethatyoucanbreathe.Trytostayupwindofthefireatalltimesandgetclosetoapondorriver.Staylowandcoveryourselfwithwetclothing,ablanket,orsoiluntilthefirepasses.1.Whatshouldthosetrappedinfloodprobablydowhentheyheartheevacuationorders?A.Bringanumbrellawiththem B.Gotohigherplaces.C.Calloutforhelploudly. D.Getatorchincaseofablackout2.Amongthefournaturaldisasters,whichonerequirespeopletorunagainstthewind?A.Typhoon. B.Flood. C.Avalanche. D.Wildfire.3.Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A.TyphoonsoccuronlyintheexposedregionsinthenorthwesternPacificOcean.B.Floodscausethemostfrequentdamageamongthedisastersmentioned.C.Thosewhomeetwithavalanchesareadvisedtocallouttheminutethey’retrapped.D.Gettingcleanairmattersmostinthecaseofwildfires,despitethedifficulty.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲的是在遇到自然灾害时应该如何挽救自己的生命。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Flood部分“Onceyouheartheevacuationwarning,leaveforsaferhighergroundswithyourimportantpapersinawaterproofcontainer.(一旦你听到疏散警告，把重要文件放在防水容器里，转移到更安全的高地)”可知，被困洪水中时，一旦听到疏散警告，要转移到更安全的高地。可知B项正确。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Wildfire部分的“Trytostayupwindofthefireatalltimesandgetclosetoapondorriver.(尽量始终保持在火堆的逆风处，靠近池塘或河流)”可知，被困野火时需要逆风跑。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Typhoon部分的“TyphoonsoccurinthenorthwesternPacificOcean,particularlyinexposedregionsliketheCarolineIslands,thePhilippines,andJapan.(台风多发于太平洋西北部，特别是在卡罗琳群岛、菲律宾和日本等暴露在外的地区)”可知，A选项“TyphoonsoccuronlyintheexposedregionsinthenorthwesternPacificOcean.(台风只发生在西北太平洋的暴露区域。)”与原文信息不符，不是仅仅只发生在西北太平洋；同时根据Flood部分的“Floodsoccurmoreoftenthananyothernaturaldisasterandchangethelandscapedramatically.(洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁，并极大地改变了地貌)”可知，在上述灾害中，洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁，并极大地改变了地貌，B项“Floodscausethemostfrequentdamageamongthedisastersmentioned.(在上述灾害中，洪水造成的破坏最为频繁。)”与原文信息相符。根据Avalanche部分的“Waitfortherescueteamtofindyouanddon’twasteyourenergyshoutingordiggingfrantically.(等待救援队找到你，不要浪费精力大喊大叫或疯狂地挖掘)”可知，遇到雪崩，不要浪费精力大喊，而是要等待救援，C项“Thosewhomeetwithavalanchesareadvisedtocallouttheminutethey’retrapped.(遇到雪崩的人在被困的那一刻应该立即报警。)”与原文信息不符。根据Wildfire部分的“Staylowandcoveryourselfwithwetclothing,ablanket,orsoiluntilthefirepasses.(蹲下身子，用湿衣服、毯子或泥土盖住自己，直到火过去)”可知，在遇到野火时，最重要的是保证生命安全。因此D项“Gettingcleanairmattersmostinthecaseofwildfires,despitethedifficulty.(尽管困难重重，但在森林大火的情况下，获得清洁空气是最重要的。)”与原文信息不符，故是错误选项。故选B。BMaggie,agirlofthirteenyearsold,livedonthewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Shehadneverexperiencedanearthquakebefore;sheonlypreparedforit.Aslongasshecouldremember,preparingforanearthquakewascommonatherschool.Herfamilyhadmadeplansaswellincaseofanaturaldisaster.Oneday,Maggiearrivedhomefromschoolattheusualtime.However,itwasnotthesameasusual.Shewashomealone.Hermomwouldbedrivinghomeonthebusyfreewayandherdadwastoarriveattheairport.Hewascominghomefromatwo-weekbusinesstrip.Afterfinishingherhomework,Maggiefeltalittlehungry,soshewenttothekitchentofindsomethingtoeat:Justthenshefeltashake,thentheviolentshaking.Maggiequicklyranunderthelargetableinthediningroom.Thesoundsofbreakingglassandthecrashingofmanythingsweredeafening,andMaggiehuggedherselfinfear.Afterwhatseemedlikeaverylongtime,theearthquakeappearedtobeover.Maggiecouldhearthesoundofwaterrushingbelowherinthebasement.Andtherewasthesmellofnaturalgasintheair.Maggieknewwherethemainwatervalve(阀门)wasandhowtoturnitoff.Dadhadevershownherbefore.Slowlyandcarefullyshecameoutfromunderthetable.Theoncetidyhomewasthenalmostunrecognizable.Wallshadfallendownandmanythingsintheroomwereinamess.AsMaggieapproachedtheopenbasementdoor,shecouldseethesteps.Carefullyshemadeherwaydownintothedarkbasement.Whileplacingherfeetfirmlyonthefloor,Maggiefeltasuddenpainasalargewoodhitherheadandshoulder.Shefellunconsciousontoapileofboxes.Anhourlater,shewokeupandfoundherparentsbesideher.Shewashappythatshewasstillalive!4.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.EarthquakearethemainnaturaldisastersintheUS.B.Maggie’sparentstaughtherhowtosurviveinanearthquake.C.EarthquakesoccurofteninthewestoftheUS.D.Magpiehassomeself-helpknowledgeinearthquakes.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deafening”inParagraph3mean?A.Veryloud. B.QuitefamiliarC.Verydistant D.Quitestrange.6.WhatcanweknowaboutMaggie?A.ShewastheonlychildinherfamilyB.Shewasnotafraidatallduringtheearthquake.C.Shewashurtonthewaytoturningoffthewatervalve.D.Shehadexperiencedanearthquakebefore.7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Astoryofagirlinanearthquake. B.Theimportanceofpreparingforanearthquake.C.Thewaystoescapefromanearthquake. D.Thedangerofanearthquake.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了13岁的Maggie居住在美国西海岸，她以前从来没有经历过地震。一天，她独自在家时，经历了地震。【4题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Shehadneverexperiencedanearthquakebefore;sheonlypreparedforit.Aslongasshecouldremember,preparingforanearthquakewascommonatherschool.Herfamilyhadmadeplansaswellincaseofanaturaldisaster.(她以前从来没有经历过地震，她只是为它做了准备。从她能记事起，为地震做准备在她的学校就很常见。她的家人也制定了应对自然灾害的计划。)”可推知，Maggie有在地震中自救的知识。故选D。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Maggiehuggedherselfinfear(Maggie害怕得抱住自己)”可知，玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西的碰撞声让Maggie感到很害怕，画线词deafening用来描述声音，故可知deafening意为“非常大声，震耳欲聋的”之意。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。由第四段“Maggiecouldhearthesoundofwaterrushingbelowherinthebasement(Maggie能听到地下室里水在她下面奔流的声音)”和“Maggieknewwherethemainwatervalve(阀门)wasandhowtoturnitoff(Maggie知道主水阀在哪里，也知道怎么关掉它)”及第六段第一句“Whileplacingherfeetfirmlyonthefloor,Maggiefeltasuddenpainasalargewoodhitherheadandshoulder(正当她稳稳地把脚放在地板上时，一块大木头击中了她的头和肩膀，她突然感到一阵疼痛)”可知，Maggie在去关水阀的路上被木头砸伤了。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的13岁小女孩Maggie独自在家中时遭遇地震的经历，选项A“一个女孩在地震中的故事”能概括本文。故选A。COnSaturday,August24,1918,itwasrainingcatsanddogsandthunderingoveracitycalledSunderlandonthenortheastcoastofEngland.Thestormlastedforonlyabouttenminutes.Peopleweresurprisedtoseethatitwasnotjustrainwaterfallingfromthesky.Therewerefishfallingdown,too!Peoplecameouttofindoutwhatwashappening.Theycouldnotbelievetheirowneyes.Therewerethousandsoffish—sandeels(沙鳗)—lyingontheground.Theywereaboutsevencentimeterslong,andallwerefrozendead.Sandeelsswimtogetherinlargegroups,ofteninsandywater,andareoftenfoundinlargenumbersintheNorthSea,whichreachesouttotheeastofSunderland.HowwasitpossibleforthesesandeelstofallfromtheskyandlandonSunderland?Scientistsbelievedtheheavythunderstormthatafternoonmayhavecausedawaterspout(水龙卷).Waterspoutscanbeformedwhenstrongwindsmovequicklyinacircleoverwater.Theyaresopowerfulthatanythinglessthanonemeterinlengthcanbetakenintothemandforcedintotheclouds.Thecloudscarrywhateverhasbeentakenintothemforlongdistances—sometimesover150kilometers.It’sverycoldupthereandeverythingsoonfreezes.Forhundredsofyearstherehavebeenreportsofsmallanimalsbeingtakenintotheskythroughwaterspouts.In2009,deadtadpolesraineddownonthecityofNanaoinJapan.In2012,fiftykilosofprawnsfellfromtheskyoverSriLanka.In2017,fishfellonthecoastalcityofTampicoinMexico.Itmustbeaverystrangeexperiencetoseefishrainingdownonyou.Itwouldprobablyhurtifonefellonyourhead!Withclimatechangeandmanyreportsofterriblestorms,willthetimeevercomewhenitmayreallybegintoraincatsanddogs?8.WhatdoweknowaboutthesandeelsthatlandedonSunderland?A.Theywerefewinnumber. B.Theycameindifferentsizes.C.Theywerestillalivewhenlanding. D.TheyprobablycamefromtheNorthSea.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3referto?A.Clouds. B.Waterspouts. C.Sandeels. D.Thunderstorms.10.WhydoestheauthormentionthefalloftadpolesinJapan?A.TostresstheenvironmentisnotpleasantinJapan.B.TointroducewaterspoutscanreachasfarasJapan.C.Toshowthatrainingseaanimalsisnotnewinhistory.D.Toexplaindifferentanimalscanfallindifferentcountries.11.Whatistheauthorreallyworriedaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Health. B.Environment. C.Wildanimals. D.Travelsafety.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一说明文。主要讲述了海洋里的动物由于水龙卷被卷入空中，然后落到其他的地方，并介绍了水龙卷形成的原因。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Sandeelsswimtogetherinlargegroups,ofteninsandywater,andareoftenfoundinlargenumbersintheNorthSea,whichreachesouttotheeastofSunderland.(沙鳗成群结队地游动，经常在含沙的水中，在桑德兰东部的北海经常发现大量的沙鳗。)”可知，在桑德兰东部的北海经常发现大量的沙鳗，由此可知，那些出现在桑德兰市的沙鳗最可能来自与该市东部相连的北海。故选D项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Scientistsbelievedtheheavythunderstormthatafternoonmayhavecausedawaterspout(水龙卷).Waterspoutscanbeformedwhenstrongwindsmovequicklyinacircleoverwater.(科学家认为，当天下午的强雷暴可能导致了水龙卷。当强风在水面上快速旋转时，就会形成水龙卷。)”可知，此处讲述了水龙卷形成的原因，结合划线词所在句“Theyaresopowerfulthatanythinglessthanonemeterinlengthcanbetakeninto…andforcedintotheclouds.(它们是如此强大，以至于任何不到一米长的东西都可以被吸进……，并被强行进入云层。)”可知，此处的they应指的是上文中的提到的名词复数“Waterspouts”，结合语境可知，水龙卷的威力很大，沙鳗很可能被吸进水龙卷里，并被卷进云层，由此可知，划线词them与其所在句中的They都指代waterspouts(水龙卷)。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Forhundredsofyearstherehavebeenreportsofsmallanimalsbeingtakenintotheskythroughwaterspouts.(数百年来，一直有关于小动物通过水龙卷被带向天空的报道。)”可知，数百年来有很多关于水龙卷把小动物带向天空的报道，此应为本段的主题句，结合下文中的“In2009,deadtadpolesraineddownonthecityofNanaoinJapan.(2009年，死蝌蚪如雨点般落在日本南尾市。)”可知，此处列举了发生在2009年发生在日本南尾市死蝌蚪从天而降的事件，由此可知，此处讲述了历史上有很多类似于前文提到的下雨带来动物的报道，说明这在历史上并不新鲜。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Itwouldprobablyhurtifonefellonyourhead!Withclimate(气候)changeandmanyreportsofterriblestorms,willthetimeevercomewhenitmayreallybegintoraincatsanddogs?(如果有一颗落在你头上，可能会很疼！随着气候的变化和许多可怕风暴的报道，真的会有大雨倾盆的时候吗？)”可知，此处作者运用“terrible”来说明风暴是可怕的，而这样的报道逐渐增多，并且使用疑问的形式来表达自己对天气变化的担忧，由此可知，此处表达了作者对目前环境的担忧。故选B项。DNewsaboutnaturaldisaster,includingvolcanoes,stormsandearthquakes,isupdateddaily.Besides,globalwarmingiscausingheatwavestobecomemorefrequent,pushingthelimitsofhumansurvivalinthehottestregionsonEarth.Recentrecord-breakingtemperaturesinvariouspartsoftheworldhavehighlightedthedangerscausedbyextremeheatandthrowlightonthechallengesthatlieahead.Whenfacedwithextremeheat,thehumanbodydependsonitsnaturalcoolingmechanisms(机制)tokeepasafetemperature.However,veryhighheatoverpowersthesemechanisms,puttinghumanlivesindanger.Researchshowsthatthebody’sabilitytocoolthroughsweatingbeginstodecreaseat35℃.Beinginsuchconditionscanputpressureontheheartandcausebodytemperaturestoriseuncontrollably,creatingthegreatestdangertoolderpeopleandthosewithdiseases.Recently,hightemperatureshavebrokenrecordsacrosstheglobe.Chinaexperiencedahistorichighofnearly126°F.Americareached128°F.TheMiddleEasthit152°F,nearingthelimitofwhathumanscanstand.Theseextremeheateventsofferalookatthefuture,asglobalwarmingcontinuestopushtemperatures.Thefrequencyofdangerouslyhightemperatureshasmorethandoubledsince1979,accordingtoresearchin2020.Theseriousnessandwidespreadnatureofongoingheatwaveshighlightthatclimatechangeisaglobalproblemwithfar-reachingeffects.Humanactivities,suchastheburningoffossilfuels(化石燃料),havegreatlycontributedtotheriseinheat-trappinggreenhousegases,leadingtomoreheatwavesandotherextremeweatherevents.Itishightimetocutdownongreenhousegasesandchoosecleanerrenewableenergysources.Internationalcooperationandleadershiparenecessarytoreducetheeffectofclimatechangeonourplanetandprotectthewell-beingoffuturegenerations.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thedangersofcoolwaves.B.Thecausesofnaturaldisasters.C.TheintroductionofthehottestregionsonEarth.D.Thediscoveryoftherisingheat’seffectonhumans.13.Whatdoestheresearchfindabouthumansweating?A.Itcontrolscoolingthemechanisms. B.Itbecomeslesseffectiveat35℃.C.Itincreasesheartefficiencyinheat. D.Itimprovescoolinginallconditions.14.Whatisthedatainparagraph3about?A.Temperaturelimitswhathumanscanstand.B.Frequenciesofdangerouslyhightemperatures.C.Globalaveragetemperaturesatdifferenttimeperiods.D.Record-breakingtemperaturesinspecificcountries.15.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Tocallonstoppingusingfossilfuels.B.Tocallonignoringextremeweatherevents.C.Tocallonworkinginternationallytoaddressclimatechange.D.Tocalloncuttingdownoncleanerrenewableenergy.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了全球变暖导致的极端高温现象及其对人类的影响，包括身体机能的改变、全球高温纪录的刷新以及气候变化的全球性问题，呼吁国际社会共同努力应对气候变化。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“Recentrecord-breakingtemperaturesinvariouspartsoftheworldhavehighlightedthedangerscausedbyextremeheatandthrowlightonthechallengesthatlieahead.(世界各地不断刷新的高温纪录突显了极端高温带来的危险，并揭示了未来面临的挑战)”结合文章主要讨论了全球变暖导致的极端高温现象及其对人类的影响，包括身体机能的改变、全球高温纪录的刷新以及气候变化的全球性问题，呼吁国际社会共同努力应对气候变化。可知，文章主要讨论的是全球变暖导致的极端高温现象及其对人类的影响。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchshowsthatthebody’sabilitytocoolthroughsweatingbeginstodecreaseat35℃.(研究表明，身体通过出汗来降温的能力在35℃时开始减弱)”可知，关于人类出汗的研究发现，在35℃时，出汗降温的效果会减弱。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Recently,hightemperatureshavebrokenrecordsacrosstheglobe.Chinaexperiencedahistorichighofnearly126°F.Americareached128°F.TheMiddleEasthit152°F,nearingthelimitofwhathumanscanstand.(最近，全球各地的高温打破了纪录。中国经历了近126华氏度的历史最高气温。美国达到128华氏度。中东的气温达到152华氏度，接近人类所能忍受的极限)”可以推断，第三段的数据是关于特定国家的创纪录高温。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Internationalcooperationandleadershiparenecessarytoreducetheeffectofclimatechangeonourplanetandprotectthewell-beingoffuturegenerations.(要减少气候变化对地球的影响，保护子孙后代的福祉，国际合作和领导是必要的)”可以推断，作者在最后一段的主要目的是呼吁国际社会合作应对气候变化。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“____18____.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.____19____.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“____20____,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.E20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。【16题详析】根据下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成notonly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。【17题详析】根据上文“Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。【18题详析】根据下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。【19题详析】根据上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebest(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。【20题详析】根据上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneyearago,IpaidnoattentiontoEnglishidioms(英语习语),thoughmyteachertoldmeaboutthemagainandagain.Butsoon,the____21____ofEnglishidiomswasshowninanamusing(有趣的)experience.Oneday,I____22____tomeetanEnglishmanontheroad,andsoonwebegantotalk.AsIwastalkingabouthowIwasstudyingEnglish,the____23____seemedtobesurprised.Gentlyshakinghis____24____,shrugging(耸)hisshoulders,hesaid,“Youdon’tsay!”Iwas____25____.Ithoughtperhapsthiswasnotaproper____26____.Ihadbetterchangeit.SoIaskedhim,“HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?”“Certainly!Itwasamazing.Everyonebackhomewill____27____meifIleaveChinawithoutseeingit.”Icontinued,“TheGreatWallisoneofthe____28____intheworld.Weareveryproudofit.”Butsoon,“Youdon’tsay”cametomyearsagain.Icouldn’t____29____asking,“Whydoyouaskmenottotalkaboutit?”“Well,Ididn’taskyoutodoso,”heanswered,_____30_____surprised.Isaid,“Didn’tyousay‘Youdon’tsay!’?”_____31_____this,theEnglishmanlaughedtillhecried.Hebeganto_____32_____,“‘Youdon’tsay!’actuallymeans‘Really?’!Itisa(n)_____33_____ofsurprise.Perhapsyoudon’tpayattentiontoEnglishidioms.”OnlythendidIknowIhadmadea_____34_____ofmyself.SincethenIhavebeenmore_____35_____withidiomaticexpressions.21.A.effect B.difference C.importance D.source22.A.used B.expected C.happened D.refused23.A.foreigner B.teacher C.student D.partner24.A.hand B.arm C.head D.body25.A.worried B.uneasy C.curious D.confused26.A.style B.topic C.opinion D.task27.A.laughat B.runafter C.relyon D.referto28.A.works B.wonders C.choices D.examples29.A.help B.admit C.regret D.allow30.A.naturally B.purposely C.hardly D.greatly31.A.Finding B.Feeling C.Hearing D.Noticing32.A.request B.explain C.complain D.determine33.A.problem B.expression C.goal D.recognition34.A.sense B.sign C.mess D.fool35.A.satisfied B.alarmed C.anxious D.careful【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.B34.D35.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者因忽视英语习语而闹笑话的经历，从而深刻意识到习语在英语交流中的重要性。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，一次有趣的经历让我见识到了英语习语的重要性。A.effect影响；B.difference差异；C.importance重要性；D.source来源。根据前文“paidnoattentiontoEnglishidioms”（不在意英语习语），及后文因误解习语闹笑话的经历可知，这次事件让作者意识到习语的“重要性”。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我碰巧在路上遇到一个英国人，很快我们就聊了起来。A.used（usedtodo）过去常常；B.expected期待；C.happened（happentodo）碰巧；D.refused拒绝。根据后文“tomeetanEnglishmanontheroad”可知，作者与英国人偶然相遇，“happentodo”为固定搭配，意为“碰巧做某事”。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我聊到自己如何学习英语时，这个外国人似乎很惊讶。A.foreigner外国人；B.teacher老师；C.student学生；D.partner伙伴。前文明确提到作者遇到的是“anEnglishman”（一个英国人），对于作者而言，他属于“外国人”。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他轻轻摇了摇头，耸了耸肩，说道：“Youdon’tsay!”。A.hand手；B.arm手臂；C.head头；D.body身体。根据前文“surprised”可知，他很惊讶，“shakeone’shead”是固定搭配，意为“摇头”，符合人物表达惊讶时的肢体动作逻辑。故选C。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑。A.worried担心的；B.uneasy不安的；C.curious好奇的；D.confused困惑的。根据后文作者误以为“Youdon’tsay!”是“别再说了”的意思，可知此时作者完全不理解对方的意图，内心是“困惑的”。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想可能是这个话题不合适，我最好换一个。A.style风格；B.topic话题；C.opinion观点；D.task任务。根据后文“Ihadbetterchangeit”可知，作者以为对方说“Youdon’tsay!”是对自己聊的话题不满意，所以认为这个“话题”不合适，需要更换。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然去过！太壮观了。如果我没看长城就离开中国，国内的所有人都会嘲笑我的。A.laughat嘲笑；B.runafter追赶；C.relyon依靠；D.referto参考，提及。根据常识可知，长城是中国的标志性景点，在外国人的认知中，没看过长城就离开中国是一件会被人“嘲笑”的事，符合语境。故选A。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是世界奇迹之一，我们都为之感到骄傲。A.works作品；B.wonders奇迹；C.choices选择；D.examples例子。根据常识可知，长城属于公认的世界奇迹，“oneofthewondersoftheworld”是固定表达，意为“世界奇迹之一”。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住问：“你为什么让我别再说了？”。A.help(can’thelpdoing)忍不住；B.admit承认；C.regret后悔；D.allow允许。作者两次听到对方说“Youdon’tsay!”，实在无法理解，所以忍不住发问，“can’thelpdoing”为固定搭配，意为“忍不住做某事”。故选A。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他回答道：“我没让你别说呀”，非常惊讶。A.naturally自然地；B.purposely故意地；C.hardly几乎不；D.greatly非常。根据前文““Whydoyouaskmenottotalkaboutit?””可推知，听到作者的问题，英国人完全没想到自己的习语表达会被误解，所以感到“非常”惊讶。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到这话，英国人笑得眼泪都出来了。A.Finding发现；B.Feeling感觉；C.Hearing听到；D.Noticing注意到。根据语境和后文“theEnglishmanlaughedtillhecried”可知，此处的“this”指代作者的问题，英国人是“听到”这个问题后才大笑起来。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始解释：“‘Youdon’tsay!’其实是‘真的吗？’的意思！”。A.request要求；B.explain解释；C.complain抱怨；D.determine决定。根据后文“‘Youdon’tsay!’actuallymeans‘Really?’”可知，看到作者的误解，英国人需要“解释”这个习语的真正含义。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种表达惊讶的说法。A.problem问题；B.expression表达，说法；C.goal目标；D.recognition认可。“Youdon’tsay!”是英语中表达惊讶的惯用“说法”，“expression”在此处指语言表达。故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到那时我才意识到自己闹了个大笑话。A.sense感觉；B.sign标志；C.mess混乱；D.fool傻瓜。根据前文可知，作者误解了习语，所以感到很尴尬，“makeafoolofoneself”是固定搭配，意为“出洋相，闹笑话”。故选D。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我对习语表达变得更加留意了。A.satisfied满意的；B.alarmed惊恐的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.careful小心的，留意的。根据前文分析和后文“withidiomaticexpressions”可知，经历了这次笑话后，作者吸取教训，开始“留意”英语习语，“becarefulwith”意为“留意，小心对待”。故选D。第二节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)36.Inresponsetothe_________(灾难),thecountyhasactivatedemergencymeasures,organizingeffortstoensuretheavailabilityofnecessarysupplies.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】disaster【详析】考查名词。句意：为应对这场灾难，该县已启动应急响应措施，组织力量保障必需物资供应。根据汉语提示“灾难”可知，此处为名词disaster，作宾语。故填disaster。37.“The_________(撞击)happenedatabout8:40pmneartheintersectionofHangzhouRoadandFangzhenRoad,”localpolicesaidinastatementonTuesday.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】crash【详析】考查名词。句意：据当地警方周二发布的声明，“撞击事故发生在晚上8点40分，地点位于杭州路与方镇路交叉口附近。”分析句子成分可知，空处应填入一个名词作直接引语这个句子中的主语。表示“撞击”之意，可用名词crash。故填crash。38.Huangshanwas_________(侵袭)byasecondroundofheavyrainstormsonSundayasintenserainfallcontinuedtopoundtheregion.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】struck【详析】考查过去分词。句意：黄山周日遭受了第二轮强暴雨的侵袭，强降雨持续侵袭该地区。根据句意及空前的was可知，主语Huangshan与“侵袭”之间为被动关系，空处应使用表达该意的过去分词，与空前的was构成一般过去时被动语态。“侵袭”可用动词strike，表示“被暴雨击中”之意时，其过去分词常用struck。故填struck。39.Lastsummer,manypartsofGreeceexperiencedwildfiresasheatwavess_________(横扫)acrossEurope.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】swept【详析】考查动词及时态。句意：去年夏天，热浪席卷欧洲，希腊许多地区经历了野火。该空需要一个动词在as引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，根据汉语提示及首字母s可知，动词短语sweepcross意为“横扫，席卷”，符合题意，根据时间状语Lastsummer及主句时态可知，应使用一般过去时态，sweep的过去式拼写为swept。故填swept。40.However,thecompanyisusingsteelpileswithadiameterofonly10cm,significantlyreducingthe_________(损害)tothegrass.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】damage【详析】考查名词。句意：然而，该公司使用直径仅为10厘米的钢桩，大大减少了对草的破坏。该空需要一个名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，名词damage意为“损害”，符合题意。故填damage。41.Physicalactivityisanimportant_____________(因素)inmaintainingfitness.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】factor【详析】考查名词。句意：体育活动是保持健康的一个重要因素。根据汉语提示可知，factor因素，可数名词，符合题意；由空前不定冠词an可知，空处名词需用单数。故填factor。42.TheVictoriansregardedtherailwaysasbringingprogressand______(文明).【答案】civilization【详析】考查名词。句意：维多利亚时代的人认为铁路带来了进步和文明。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，在句中作宾语，根据汉语提示“文明”可知，空格处应用“civilization”，意为“文明”，为不可数名词。故填civilization。43.Someoftheancient________(符号)canstillbeseenintoday'shanzi.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】symbols【详析】考查名词。句意：一些古代的符号仍然可以在今天的汉字看到。根据句意和汉语提示，应填symbol“符号”，由some并结合句意可知用复数，故填symbols。44.Mr.WangisagoodEnglishteacher_________(虽然，尽管)hisbadtemper.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】despite【详析】