2025年全球小卫星市场数据报告 Smallsats by the Numbers2025

SmallsatsbytheNumbers2025

March2025

2024SmallsatHighlights

SmallsatsLaunchedin2024

Smallsatsdefinedbyhavingmassof≤1,200kg

97%

81%

199

222

6%

ofallspacecraft(2023:97%)

ofspacecraftupmass(2023:63%)

of259orbitallaunches(2023:164)Launcheswithatleastonesmallsat

differentoperators(2023:267)

launchedonsmallormicrolaunchvehicles(2023:5%)

Scientific,1%Other,2%

SmallsatsbyMissionType

2,790

Smallsats

Launched2024

73%

Communications(StarlinkandOneWeb)

CommunicationsRemoteSensing

13%

5%

TechnologyDevelopment

6%

2

Introduction

Smallersatellitescontinuetotransformin-space

architectures

Bryce’sSmallsatsbytheNumberspresents

historicalinformationonsmallersatelliteslaunched2015–2024

•Definitionofmassatlaunchof1,200kgandunderreflectsthesixsmallestmassclassesdefinedby

theFAA

•Reportincludesallsmallsatslaunchedregardlessofoperationalstatus

•DuetothelargequantityofLEObroadband

telecommunicationssmallsatslaunchedin2024,this

reportprovidesdataviewsthatbothincludeandexcludethesesystems

•ViewsexcludingLEObroadbandtelecommunicationssmallsatsystemsprovideinsightintotrendsinothertypesofsystems

MassClassNameKilograms(kg)

Smallsats

Femto

0.01–0.09

Pico

0.1–1

Nano

1.1–10

Micro

11–200

Mini

201–600

Small

601–1,200

Medium

1,201–2,500

Intermediate

2,501–4,200

Large

4,201–5,400

Heavy

5,401–7,000

ExtraHeavy

>7,001

AdaptedfromFAAAST

3

SmallsatsinContext

OperatorandMissionTypeTrendsSmallsatMassTrends

SmallsatLaunchTrendsLookingForward

4

SmallsatsinContext

SpacecraftLaunchedandTotalSpacecraftUpmass2015–2024

Femto,PicoandNano<0.1%

2%

Each1%

Mass

2%4%

Kilograms(kg)ClassName

20242015–2024

Femto

0.01–0.09

Pico

0.1–1

Nano

1.1–10

Micro

11–200

Mini

201–600

Small

601–1,200

Medium

1,201–2,500

Intermediate

2,501–4,200

Large

4,201–5,400

Heavy

5,401–7,000

ExtraHeavy

>7,001

17%

19%

14%

25%

13,366

Spacecraftlaunched

9%

7%

~7,815MT

TotalUpmass

14%

6%34%

5%

39%

Each<1%

Femto,PicoandNano<0.1%

1%

2%

9%

~2,171MT

TotalUpmass

78%

3%2%

Each3%

7%

10%

•Smallsatsrepresent95%ofspacecraftlaunched2015–2024,55%oftotalupmass

•Smallsatsrepresent97%ofspacecraftlaunchedin2024,81%oftotalupmass

2,873

5%

Spacecraftlaunched

73%

5

SmallsatsinContext

Smallsats2014–2023,byMassClass

2,8602,790

2,433

1,778

1,219

424

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

2015201620172018201920202021202220232024

401397

141

190

NumberofSmallsatsLaunched

Kilograms

(kg)

Mass

ClassName

Femto

0.01–0.09

Pico

0.1–1

Nano

1.1–10

Micro

11–200

Mini

201–600

Small

601–1,200

Until2022,minimassclassdominatedsmallsatdeployments.Thosesystems,largelyfromSpaceX

andOneWeb,havegrowntosmallmassclasssince2023

6

SmallsatsinContext

SpacecraftLaunched2015–2024,byMassClass

21162004

744786

20232024

1834

599

2022

2500

2000

1500

1000

1275

503

2021

937

282

2020

2

395

2018

126

298

2019

500

0

401

2017

190

2015

144

2016

3000

NumberofSpacecraftLaunched

StarlinkandOneWebsmallsats

Kilograms

(kg)

Mass

ClassName

Smallsats

≤1200

Medium

1,201–2,500

Intermediate

2,501–4,200

Large

4,201–5,400

Heavy

5,401–7,000

ExtraHeavy

>7,001

StarlinkandOneWebSmallsats

Allother

smallsats

Whilebroadbandsmallsatshavedominatedthemarketsince2020,earthobservationandremote

sensingsmallsatsaresteadilyincreasing

7

SmallsatsinContext

ShareofSmallsats2015–2024,byMassClass,IncludingStarlinkandOneWeb

1%

57%

23%

11%

7%

2021

2%

71%

15%

9%

4%

2020

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

32%

76%

41%

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

9%

7%

15%

59%

9%

2015

11%

7%

23%

52%

8%

2016

16%

2%

8%

70%

15%

49%

35%

73%

13%

8%

5%

2022

11%

7%

3%1%

20232024

1%8%

17%

11%

2018

7%

15%

8%

2019

4%

2017

5%

10%

34%

14%

1%

Kilograms

(kg)

Mass

ClassName

ShareofSmallsatsLaunched

NumberofSmallsatsLaunched

Femto

0.01–0.09

Pico

0.1–1

Nano

1.1–10

Micro

11–200

Mini

201–600

Small

601–1,200

Medium

1,201–2,500

Intermediate

2,501–4,200

Large

4,201–5,400

Heavy

5,401–7,000

ExtraHeavy

>7,001

Smallsatellitemassclassconstitutedthelargestsharein2024assmallsatsaregrowing

8

SmallsatsinContext

ShareofSmallsats2015–2024,byMassClass,ExcludingStarlinkandOneWeb

ShareofSmallsatsLaunched

NumberofSmallsatsLaunched

Kilograms

(kg)

Mass

ClassName

Femto

0.01–0.09

Pico

0.1–1

Nano

1.1–10

Micro

11–200

Mini

201–600

Small

601–1,200

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

6%

10%

27%

40%

17%

2020

7%

4%

25%

40%

25%

2021

9%

7%

15%

59%

9%

2015

11%

8%

19%

50%

12%

2019

17%

7%

15%

50%

11%

2018

33%

32%

42%

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

26%

1%5%

5%

9%

34%

5%

6%

36%

16%

2%

8%

70%51%

10%

7%

22%

21%

10%

16%

19%

202220232024

20162017

4%

8%

1%

2024saw~10%sharegrowthinbothminiandsmallmassclasssize,indicatingsmallsats

aregettinglarger

SmallsatsinContext

OperatorandMissionTypeTrendsSmallsatMassTrends

SmallsatLaunchTrendsLookingForward

10

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

Smallsats2015–2024,byApplication,IncludingStarlinkandOneWeb

MissionType

Other/Unknown

Scientific

Communications

(Starlink+OneWeb)

Communications

(ExcludingStarlink+OneWeb)

TechnologyDevelopmentRemoteSensing

32%40%

50%39%

20152016

4%2%

3%

30%

9%

26%

28%

2019

2%1%

11%

26%

60%

2017

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

1%

77%

5%

4%

11%

2020

9%

6%

16%

34%

35%

2018

72%

7%

9%

10%

2021

72%

7%

5%

13%

2024

74%

5%

7%

12%

2023

75%

5%

6%

10%

2022

1%2%

1%1%

1%2%

1%1%

6%

6%

9%

9%

9%

1%

ShareofSmallsatsLaunched

2023and2024sawgrowthinshareofremotesensingsatellites

11

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

Smallsats2015–2024,byApplication,ExcludingStarlinkandOneWeb

4%4%

3%11%

26%21%

16%

30%

49%

37%

20202021

MissionType

Other/Unknown

Scientific

Communications

TechnologyDevelopmentRemoteSensing

20%

27%

26%

48%42%

20222023

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

6%

4%

12%

38%

40%

2019

6%

6%

9%

40%

39%

2015

1%

11%

26%

60%

2017

8%

4%

23%

18%

47%

2024

9%

6%

16%

34%

35%

2018

9%

9%

32%

50%

2016

9%2%

4%

4%

19%

2%

ShareofSmallsatsLaunched

Since2016,remotesensingsmallsatsconstitutedthelargestsharebyapplication

12

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

NumberofSmallsats2015–2024,byOperatorType

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

2015201620172018201920202021202220232024

OperatorType

GovernmentNationalSecurity

GovernmentCivil

Non-Profit

OtherCommercialSatellites

OneWeb+Starlink

CommercialSatellites

2,790

Smallsats

Launched

2024

2004

88

96

439

163

NumberofSmallsatsLaunched

Thelargestgrowthseenbyoperatorsisinthecommercialsectorfollowedbynationalsecurity

13

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

OperatorsDeployingSmallsats2015–2024

145

10298

202220232024

OperatorsThatHavePreviouslyDeployedSmallsats

OperatorsDeployingFirstSmallsat

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

43

77

2017

71

74

2018201920202021

107

86

27

39

2015

28

36

2016

93

65

57

37

127

124

108

NumberofSmallsatOperators

While2024experiencedadropinnewoperators,recentyearshaveshownmarketinterestwithnew

entrantsconsistentlydeployingsmallsats

14

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

CommercialSmallsatOperators2015–2024

CommercialOperatorswith>20smallsats

89%ofcommercialsmallsatslaunched2015–2024areownedby7operators

Operator

#of

Smallsats

ShanghaiSpacecomSatelliteTechnology(SSST)

54

SitronicsGroup

52

Satellogic

47

ICEYE

40

GuodianGaoke

33

HawkEye360

33

Geespace

32

TianjinYunyaoAerospaceTechnologyCo.,Ltd

26

KeplerCommunications

23

XioyongMicroelectronicsPark

22

Astrocast

20

Spacety(TianyiResearchInstitute)

20

BlackSkyGlobal

20

11%

10,827

Commercial

Smallsats

Launched

2015–2024

2%

5%6%

OtherCommercialOperators

1%1%

300+

72%

2%

15

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

Smallsats2015-2024,byOperatorCountry

OperatorCountry#ofSmallsats>30

U.S.

9,550(7,636Starlink)

China

961

UK

700

Russia

232

Japan

139

France

70

Canada

67

Germany

66

Italy

59

Argentina

55

Spain

54

India

51

Finland

48

Europe

41

SouthKorea

41

Australia

35

Israel

31

U.S.operatorsaccountfor¾ofsmallsats

launchedsince2015

16

Each1%

2%69othercountries

12,636

Smallsats

Launched

2015–2024

AllotherUSoperators15%

76%

TotalU.S.

60%

6%

8%

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

NumberofGovernmentSmallsats2015–2024,byCountry

CountrieswithMorethanFiveGovernmentSmallsats

FiveorFewerGovernment

Smallsats

VenezuelaSingapore

TurkeyAlgeria

ThailandBrazil

CanadaVietnam

IndonesiaKazakhstan

EthiopiaColombia

SwedenMexico

MoroccoPoland

BelgiumUkraine

NetherlandsKenya

PeruPakistan

RwandaMalaysia

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

NumberofGovernmentSmallsatsLaunched

17

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

>10LaunchedSmallsats,GovernmentSmallsatOperators2015-2024

>10LaunchedSmallsatsGovernmentOperators

OpenSourceData

Country

#ofSmallsatsLaunched

People’sLiberationArmy(PLA)

China

133

NationalReconnaissanceOffice(NRO)

U.S.

120

NationalAeronauticsandAstronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)

U.S.

76

UnitedStatesAirForce(USAF)/UnitedStatesSpaceForce(USSF)

U.S.

64

RussiaMinistryofDefense

Russia

32

ChineseAcademyofAerospaceNavigationTechnology

China

32

IndianSpaceResearchOrganisation(ISRO)

India

28

SpaceopalGmbH(forEuropeanCommission)

Europe

24

DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(DARPA)

U.S.

21

ChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnology(CAST)

China

21

EuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)

Multi

17

ChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS)

China

17

ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)

China

17

ChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorporation(CASIC)

China

13

IranianSpaceAgency

Iran

13

LosAlamosNationalLaboratory(LANL)

U.S.

13

NationalUniversityofDefenceTechnology(NUDT)

China

12

Roscosmos(RussianSpaceAgency)

Russia

12

JapanAerospaceExplorationAgency(JAXA)

Japan

12

18

OperatorandMissionTypeTrends

NumberofAcademicSmallsats2015–2024,byInstitution

25

20

15

10

5

AcademicInstitutionswithMorethanFiveSmallsatsLaunched

85+

Academicoperatorslaunchedsmallsats2015–2024

17

13

9887766655

NumberofAcademicSmallsatsLaunched

22

14

101010

0

Kyushu

InstituteofTechnology

Southwestern

State

University

California

Polytechnic

State

University

(CalPoly)

NanyangTechnicalUniversity

Universityof

Coloradoat

Boulder

TsinghuaUniversity (Beijing)

GeorgiaMontanaState

InstituteofUniversity

Technology(GeorgiaTech)

SanJoseState

University

(SJSU)

Nanjing

Universityof

Aeronautics

and

Astronautics

Technical

Universityof

Berlin

Massachusetts

Instituteof

Technology

(MIT)

Bauman

MoscowState

Technical

University

BostonUniversity

Lomonosov

MoscowState

University

National

ChengKung

University

(NCKU)

TsinghuaUniversity (Beijing)

19

SmallsatsinContext

OperatorandMissionTypeTrendsSmallsatMassTrends

SmallsatLaunchTrendsLookingForward

20

SmallsatMassTrends

SpacecraftUpmass2015–2024,bySpacecraftMassClass

2500000

2000000

1500000

1000000

500000

0

2015201620172018201920202021202220232024

Upmass(SpacecraftMassLaunched)by

Kilograms

(kg)

Mass

ClassName

Femto

0.01–0.09

Pico

0.1–1

Nano

1.1–10

Micro

11–200

Mini

201–600

Small

601–1,200

Medium

1,201–2,500

Intermediate

2,501–4,200

Large

4,201–5,400

Heavy

5,401–7,000

ExtraHeavy

>7,001

SpacecraftMassClass

Smallsats(≤1,200kg)

130%growthfrom2023to2024forsmallmassclassduetoincreaseinmassofStarlinksatellites

21

SmallsatMassTrends

SmallsatsasaShareofTotalUpmass2015–2024

SmallsatsasaShareofTotalUpmass

SmallsatsasaShareofTotalUpmass

(ExcludingStarlink+OneWeb)

Starlink+OneWebSmallsatsasaShareofTotalUpmass

~2.1MkgTotalspacecraftupmass2024

~1.7MkgTotalsmallsatupmass2024

41%

40%

18%

11%5%6%

8%

76%81%

73%

71%57%

6%5%

8%

202220232024

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

2015201620172018201920202021

7%

5%

47%46%

21%

51%

15%

ShareofTotalMassLaunched

ExcludingStarlinkandOneWeb,smallsatshaveaccountedfor<10%oftotalupmasssince2019

22

SmallsatMassTrends

AverageSmallsatMass2015–2024

242

223

103

102

202220232024

144144

201720182019

AverageSmallsatMass

AverageSmallsatMass

ExcludingStarlink+OneWeb

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

208

197

172

194

87

2021

125

2015

125

2016

105

2020

633

396

AverageSmallsatMass(kg)

Averagesmallsatmasshasincreasedsince2021,withanewhighof223kgin2024

23

SmallsatsinContext

OperatorandMissionTypeTrendsSmallsatMassTrends

SmallsatLaunchTrends

LookingForward

24

SmallsatLaunchTrends

NumberofLauncheswithSmallsats2015–2024

LauncheswithSmallsats

LauncheswithoutSmallsats

56

61

250

200

150

100

50

0

57

89

2021

199

2024

41

73

2020

47

67

2018

165

2023

45

57

2019

53

37

2017

125

2022

53

33

2015

56

29

2016

300

60

NumberofLauncheswithandwithout

Smallsats

Aslaunchactivityhasincreased,sohasthenumberoflaunchescarryingsmallsats

25

SmallsatLaunchTrends

Smallsats2015–2024,byCountryofLaunchProvider

1%1%

13%

11%

15%

20%

3%

36%

2016

87%88%

74%

202120222023

10%

77%

55%

20192020

1%

11%

4%

18%

9%

5%

53%

2015

3%

3%

23%

16%

12%

43%

2018

1%

1%

9%

3%

86%

2024

Country

Other

Japan

France

China

India

Russia

U.S.

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

2%

6%

35%

24%

32%

2017

2%

4%

14%

14%

17%2%

5%

2%

2%

7%

2%2%

1%

13%

1%

1%

1%

7%

2%

6%

2%

ShareofSmallsatsLaunched

Since2019,U.S.haslaunchedmajorityofsmallsats,withnon-U.S.sharedroppingbelow15%

26

SmallsatLaunchTrends

NumberofLauncheswithSmallsats2015–2024,byLaunchVehicleCategory

200

150

100

50

0

2622

77

20152016

91

34

2022

59

30

2021

155

121

48

25

2020

30

27

2019

54

13

2018

26

11

2017

44

2023

44

2024

250

NumberofLauncheswithSmallsats

LaunchVehicleCategory

Capacity(kg)toLEO

Micro

≤500

Small

500–2,268

Medium

2,269–5,443

Intermediate

5,444–11,340

Heavy

11,341–30,000

SuperHeavy

>30,000

Numberofmediumtosuperheavyvehicleslaunchingwithsmallsatsin2024increased

~20%over2023

27

SmallsatLaunchTrends

ShareofSmallsats2015–2024,byLaunchVehicleCategory

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

76%

72%

83%

93%

88%

86%

94%

93%

95%

94%

24%

28%

17%

12%

14%

7%

6%

7%

6%

5%

ShareofSmallsatsLaunched

LaunchVehicleCategory

Capacity(kg)toLEO

Micro

≤500

Small

500–2,268

Medium

2,269–5,443

Intermediate

5,444–11,340

Heavy

11,341–30,000

SuperHeavy

>30,000

2015201620172018201920202021202220232024

Shareofsmallsatslaunchedonmicroandsmallvehiclesin2024remainedlow,despiteavariety

ofsmalllaunchoptions

28

SmallsatLaunchTrends

Smallsats2015–2024,byLaunchVehicleCategory,ExcludingStarlinkandOneWeb

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

76%

71%

83%

93%

88%

82%

24%

29%

17%

12%

18%

7%

38%

ShareofSmallsatsLaunched

LaunchVehicleCategory

Capacity(kg)toLEO

Micro

≤500

Small

500–2,268

Medium

2,269–5,443

Intermediate

5,444–11,340

Heavy

11,341–30,000

SuperHeavy

>30,000

60%

78%

78%

62%

40%

22%

22%

2015201620172018201920202021202220232024

Averageof100smallsatslaunchedonsmallvehiclesoverthepast10years

29

SmallsatLaunchTrends

ShareofSmallLaunchesbyLaunchCountry2015-2024

45%57%

71%

27%

29%

14%

27%

14%14%

201520162017

9%20%20%

30%

38%

47%36%