山西省部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月选科调研英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月选科调研英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHerearesomeofthemostwell-soldbooksthisyear.PeakHumanByJohanNorberg$17InPeakHuman,JohanNorbergexaminessevenoftheworld’sgreatestancientnations,includingAthens,theRomanRepublic,andtheSongDynastyofChina.Heexplainshowgoldenagesreallystartandend.SomeoftheperiodsJohanNorbergdescribesarefamiliartoreaders,butheaddsfreshdetailsandchallengingideas.TheLonelinessofSoniaandSunnyByKiranDesai$24Thisisastoryoftwoyoungpeopledealingwiththemanyforcesthatshapetheirlives:country,class,race,history.SoniaandSunnyfirstmeeteachotheronatrain.SoniareturnstoherfamilyinIndiaaftergraduationinAmerica,andworksasawriter.SunnyisareporterinNewYork.Theyfallinlove,butthequestioniswhethertheyareabletostaytogetherandfindhappiness.TheThinkingMachineByStephenWitt$20NvidiaisasvaluableasAppleandMicrosoft,allofwhichhaveshapedtheworld.Butitsstoryislittleknown.TheThinkingMachineisthestoryofhowNvidiaisinventingthefutureandhowNvidiagrewtosupplyhundred-million-dollarsupercomputers.Andit’sthestoryofthesmallgroupofengineerswhomanagethecompany.ChesnokByPolinaChesnakova$28PolinaChesnakovawasborninUkrainetoaRussianmotherandAmericanfather.Sheexploresthefoodofallthreecountriesandmore.ChesnokisChesnakova’sthirdbook,alovelettertothefoodofherchildhood.Itisoneofthosefewcookbooksthatisfuntoread.1.WhattypeofbookisPeakHuman?A.Novel. B.Cookbook. C.Historybook. D.Sciencebook.2.Whowritesthebookaboutacompany’sdevelopment?A.StephenWitt.B.KiranDesai.C.PolinaChesnakova. D.JohanNorberg.3.WhatdoTheLonelinessofSoniaandSunnyandChesnokhaveincommon?A.TheyaresetinIndia.B.Theycoverfamilybackgrounds.C.Theyarecheaperthanotherbooks.D.Theyareinterestingandrelaxingtoread.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了今年四本畅销书籍的作者、内容主题及价格等核心信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“InPeakHuman,JohanNorbergexaminessevenoftheworld’sgreatestancientnations,includingAthens,theRomanRepublic,andtheSongDynastyofChina.Heexplainshowgoldenagesreallystartandend.(在《人类巅峰》一书中，约翰·诺伯格审视了世界上七个最伟大的古代国家，包括雅典、罗马共和国和中国的宋朝。他解释了黄金时代究竟是如何开始和结束的。)”可知，该书聚焦古代文明与黄金时代的兴衰，属于历史类书籍。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“TheThinkingMachineisthestoryofhowNvidiaisinventingthefutureandhowNvidiagrewtosupplyhundred-million-dollarsupercomputers.Andit’sthestoryofthesmallgroupofengineerswhomanagethecompany.(《思维机器》讲述了英伟达如何创造未来，以及它如何发展成为价值数亿美元的超级计算机供应商。同时也讲述了管理这家公司的一小群工程师的故事。)”以及该段开头“TheThinkingMachineByStephenWitt(《思维机器》，作者斯蒂芬·维特)”可知，斯蒂芬·维特写了这本关于英伟达公司发展历程的书。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“SoniareturnstoherfamilyinIndiaaftergraduationinAmerica(索尼娅在美国毕业后回到了印度的家)”以及“SunnyisareporterinNewYork(桑尼是纽约的一名记者)”，结合最后一段“PolinaChesnakovawasborninUkrainetoaRussianmotherandAmericanfather.(波琳娜·切斯纳科娃出生于乌克兰，母亲是俄罗斯人，父亲是美国人。)”可知，两本书都涉及了书中人物或作者的家庭背景。故选B项。BThissummer,theyoungestkidinthefamilylefthomeforuniversity.Gallagherfinallyhadmoretimeforherself.Sheputawayherkids’toysinalargebox,becausetherewerenootherkidsinthefamilyplayingwiththemanymore.Christmaswasdrawingnear.GallagherhadtheideatovisitsomenursinghomesforChristmas.Shecalledtwoplaces,askingifshecouldcomeandreadChristmasstoriestotheseniorslivingthere.Theygladlywelcomedher.Andshedidn’tarrivealone.Shegatheredupallthestuffedtoys(毛绒玩具)thatshehadboughtforherkidsovertheyears,andthenpreparedtobringthemwithhertooneofthenursinghomes.Arrivingthere,shehandedthemouttotheseniorssothattheycouldholdontothesoftfriendswhilelisteningtotheclassicstories.Theseniorswerehappywiththetoysintheirhands.Gallagherrealizeditwassuchagoodideatobringthetoyshere.WhenGallagherwenttogatherthetoyssothatshecouldgotothenextnursinghomewiththem,noonewantedtogiveuptheirstuffedtoys.Theyreallydidn’twanttogivethemback.ThetoyshadbroughtsuchjoythatGallagherdecidedtomakethisherChristmastradition.Shepostedonline,askingformorestuffedtoysnolongerneeded.Localschoolsstartedholdingtoydrives,andfinallyshereceivedabout250aweekduringtheholidayseason.Toysarrivednon-stop.Inherfirsttwoyearsofcollecting,Gallaghergatheredmorethan11,000toys.Gallaghertakesthecollectedtoysnotjusttoseniornursinghomes,butalsotohomesforelderlyveterans(老兵).“Whowouldthinkthatelderlyveteranswouldwantstuffedtoys?”shesays.“Buttheydid.Thetoystookthembacktowhentheywerekids.Notonlydidtheybringcomfort,buttheywereconversationstarters.”4.WhatdidGallagherdowithherkids’toysaftertheylefthome?A.Shesoldthemonline. B.Shethrewthemaway.C.Shestoredtheminabox. D.Shesentthemtoschools.5.Whatcanbelearntabouttheseniorsinthenursinghome?A.Theypreferredstoriestotoys.B.Theywereusedtocollectingtoys.C.Theywerereadytosharetoyswithotherseniors.D.Theirfeelingsformedaconnectionwiththetoys.6.WhydidGallagherstarttocollectstuffedtoysfromthepublic?A.Herowntoyswerenotenoughfortheseniors.B.Localschoolsrequiredhertoorganizetoydrives.C.Sheplannedtostartabusinesssellingstuffedtoys.D.Thenursinghomesaskedhertoprovidemoretoys.7.Whydidelderlyveteranslikereceivingstuffedtoys?A.Toperfecttheirspeakingskills. B.Tocomforttheirgrandchildren.C.Toenjoymemoriesofchildhood. D.Toremembertheirlivesinthearmy.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Gallagher在孩子们离家上大学后，将孩子们的玩具收集起来，并在圣诞节期间将它们送给养老院的老人和退伍老兵，给他们带去温暖和回忆的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sheputawayherkids’toysinalargebox,becausetherewerenootherkidsinthefamilyplayingwiththemanymore.(她把孩子们的玩具放进一个大盒子里，因为家里没有其他孩子再玩这些玩具了)”可知，Gallagher把孩子们的玩具放进了一个大盒子里。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theseniorswerehappywiththetoysintheirhands.Gallagherrealizeditwassuchagoodideatobringthetoyshere.WhenGallagherwenttogatherthetoyssothatshecouldgotothenextnursinghomewiththem,noonewantedtogiveuptheirstuffedtoys.Theyreallydidn’twanttogivethemback.(老人们拿着玩具很高兴。加拉格尔意识到把玩具带到这里是个好主意。当加拉格尔去收拾玩具以便去下一家养老院时，没有人愿意放弃他们的毛绒玩具。他们真的不想把它们还回来)”可知，老人们对玩具产生了感情，不愿意归还。由此推知，他们的情感与玩具建立了联系。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“ThetoyshadbroughtsuchjoythatGallagherdecidedtomakethisherChristmastradition.Shepostedonline,askingformorestuffedtoysnolongerneeded.Localschoolsstartedholdingtoydrives,andfinallyshereceivedabout250aweekduringtheholidayseason.(玩具带来了如此多的欢乐，加拉格尔决定将此作为她的圣诞传统。她在网上发帖，索要更多不再需要的毛绒玩具。当地学校开始举办玩具捐赠活动，最后在节日期间她每周能收到大约250个玩具)”可知，Gallagher开始向公众收集毛绒玩具。由此推知，她自己的玩具已经不够送给养老院的老人。故选A项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Whowouldthinkthatelderlyveteranswouldwantstuffedtoys?”shesays.“Buttheydid.Thetoystookthembacktowhentheywerekids.(“谁会想到退伍老兵会想要毛绒玩具呢？”她说。“但他们确实想要。这些玩具让他们回到了童年时代)”可知，老兵们喜欢毛绒玩具是因为这些玩具能让他们回忆起童年的时光。故选C项。CInthelateafternoon,adrone(无人机)liftedgentlyintothesky.Onitsscreen,elephantsmovedintosight,whileatraincouldbeseenfarawaytravelingalongtheChina-LaosRailway.Itwasanotherworkdaytowatchthelargespecies(物种)forPengJinfu,awildelephantmonitor(监督员)inXishuangbannaDaiAutonomousPrefecture.WildAsianelephantsareaflagshipspeciesinChina’srainforests.Theyreceivetop-levelnationalmonitoringandprotectionandarerecognizedas“endangered”bytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Thankstostrengthenedprotectionefforts,theirpopulationinYunnan—theirprimarylivingareasinChina—hasgrownfrom140in1976toover300today.Elephantmonitorsplayakeyroleinimprovingtherelationshipbetweenhumansandwildlife.“Theytrackelephantmovements,notonlywarningvillagersoflikelydangerareasbutalsoprovidingvaluableinformationforscientificresearch,”explainedZhouChenhao,directoroftheXishuangbannaAsianElephantProtectionandManagementCenter.Pengspendshisdaystrackingelephantactivities,mappingsafetravelareasforpeople,andcreatingwarningvideossharedontheInternet.“Iusedtotrackthemonfoot,butthickforestsoftenpreventedmefromseeingelephants,”herecalled.“Now,dronesallowmetowatchmanygroupsatthesametime.”Xishuangbannahasputmanysmartmonitoringtoolsintouse.Thankstothem,since2022,over35,000warningshavebeensentacrossthearea,preventingmorethan700possiblehuman-elephantconflicts.Thesetechnologieshelpscientificresearchtoo.X-raycamerashelpustostudyelephants’movementareasandbehavior,whiledronesprovideinformationonmovingpaths.Protectioneffortshavedevelopedfromsavingsingleanimalstoprotectingthewholeecosystems,withcross-countryprotectedareasbetweenChinaandLaosenlarginghabitatspaces.AsresearcherChenFeinoted,“We’veturnedfromsavingelephantstoprotectingmorespeciesinthefuture.”Thismixtureoftechnologyandenvironmentalwisdomiscreatinganewstageofco-livingbetweenhumansandwildlife.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“aflagshipspecies”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A.Aspeciesofthelargestsize.B.AspeciesonlyfoundinChina.C.Aspeciesmostmonitoredandprotected.D.Aspeciesusedforscientificexperiments.9.Whatisaroleofelephantmonitors?A.Designingsmartmonitoringtools.B.Tellingpeoplethepossibledanger.C.Trainingelephantsforperformances.D.Carryingoutscientificresearchalone.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofwildlifeprotection?A.Droneswillbetheonlytoolused.B.Human-elephantconflictswillincrease.C.Protectioneffortswillfocusonmorespecies.D.Traditionalmethodswillremainthemosteffective.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howhumansrelatetoanimals.B.Thedailyworkofelephantmonitors.C.ThehistoryofelephantprotectioninChina.D.HowtechnologieshelpprotectAsianelephants.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了无人机等科技手段如何助力亚洲象的保护工作，以及这些努力对人类与野生动物共存关系的积极影响。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Theyreceivetop-levelnationalmonitoringandprotectionandarerecognizedas“endangered”bytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.(它们受到国家最高级别的监测和保护，并被国际自然保护联盟认定为“濒危物种”)”可知，野生亚洲象受到国家最高级别的监测和保护。由此推知，它们是“重点监测和保护的物种”，“aflagshipspecies”与C项“Aspeciesmostmonitoredandprotected.”意思一致。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theytrackelephantmovements,notonlywarningvillagersoflikelydangerareasbutalsoprovidingvaluableinformationforscientificresearch(他们追踪大象的动向，不仅警告村民可能的危险区域，还为科学研究提供有价值的信息)”可知，大象监测员的一个职责是告知人们可能的危险。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We’veturnedfromsavingelephantstoprotectingmorespeciesinthefuture.(我们已经从拯救大象转向未来保护更多的物种)”可推知，未来的野生动物保护工作将更加关注更多物种的保护。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Inthelateafternoon,adrone(无人机)liftedgentlyintothesky.Onitsscreen,elephantsmovedintosight,whileatraincouldbeseenfarawaytravelingalongtheChina-LaosRailway.Itwasanotherworkdaytowatchthelargespecies(物种)forPengJinfu,awildelephantmonitor(监督员)inXishuangbannaDaiAutonomousPrefecture.(傍晚时分，一架无人机缓缓升空。屏幕上，大象的身影逐渐显现，远处一列火车正沿着中老铁路行驶。对于西双版纳傣族自治州的野生亚洲象监测员彭金福来说，这又是一个监测这一大型物种的工作日)”和第五段中“Xishuangbannahasputmanysmartmonitoringtoolsintouse.Thankstothem,since2022,over35,000warningshavebeensentacrossthearea,preventingmorethan700possiblehuman-elephantconflicts.Thesetechnologieshelpscientificresearchtoo.(西双版纳已经投入使用了许多智能监测工具。多亏了它们，自2022年以来，该地区已经发出了超过35000次警告，防止了700多起可能的人象冲突。这些技术也有助于科学研究)”可知，文章主要讲述了科技手段，如无人机和智能监测工具，在保护亚洲象方面的应用和作用。故选D项。DAlunchbreakisanimportantpartoftheday.It’sachancetoregainenergybyeatingandmaybechattingwithsomefriends.Sincelifeisbecomingbusier,manypeoplechoosetobuylunchinsteadofbringinglunchfromhome.Butthispracticeisnotjustcostingmoney,theremightbeacostintermsofdamagingourplanettoo.Justasandwich,andmaybeacakeandcoffeecanproduceatleastthreeitemsofwaste.Besides,theleftoverfoodpeoplethrowaway,whichproducesmethane(甲烷)overtime,isabiggercauseofclimatechangethanplasticsNomatterwhatcausesthemostdamage,onesolutionistoeatpackedlunches.It’susuallyhealthierandcheaper.Itmeansyoucaneatthethingsyoureallywantandmakethequantitythatyouactuallyneed.Ofcourse,preparingyourlunchissomethingtofitintoyourmorningrushofgettingreadyforwork,soifyouhaven’tgottimeandhavetobuylunch,you’readvisedtotakeyourowncontainertoashopandaskthemtoputyourfoodinit.Theideaofusingreusablecoffeecupswhichcanholdhotdrinkshasalreadyprovedsuccessful.So,thiscouldbeanotherstepintherightdirection.AtrialinEastAngliashowedthatofferinga10%pricereductiondidencouragesomecustomerstocomepreparedwiththeirownlunchbox.Theproblemwitheatingonthemoveisthatyoumightwanttocarryyourfoodinsomethingthatisone-off,soit’sagoodideatomakesureit’ssomethingthatisrecyclable(可再循环的).Ithinkifwegiveourluncheatinghabitssomedeeperthought,wecanalldoourbitinhelpingreduceclimatechangeanddamagetoourenvironment.Thatissomethingworthtakingseriously.12.Whydomanypeoplebuylunchratherthanbringitfromhome?A.Itismoretime-saving. B.Itoffersmoredeliciousfood.C.Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly. D.Itallowsformoresocialconnection.13.Whatisthemainreasonfortakingyourowncontainerwhenbuyinglunch?A.Tokeepthefoodhotter. B.Tocutdownonpollution.C.Toavoidpayingextramoney. D.Togetalargerquantityoffood.14.WhatcanweknowfromtheEastAngliatrial?A.Reusablethingswerenotpopular.B.Mostcustomerspreferredpackedfood.C.Shopswereunwillingtoreduceprices.D.Encouragementwithmoneywaseffective.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheideaofreconsideringlunchhabits?A.Doubtful. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Negative.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了购买午餐与自带午餐对环境的影响，并提出了减少污染、保护环境的建议，包括自带午餐盒、使用可重复使用的咖啡杯等。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sincelifeisbecomingbusier,manypeoplechoosetobuylunchinsteadofbringinglunchfromhome.(由于生活越来越忙碌，许多人选择购买午餐而不是从家里带午餐)”可知，由于生活忙碌，人们选择购买午餐是为了节省时间。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ifyouhaven’tgottimeandhavetobuylunch,you’readvisedtotakeyourowncontainertoashopandaskthemtoputyourfoodinit.(如果你没有时间，必须买午餐，建议你带上自己的容器去商店，让他们把食物放进去)”和“Theproblemwitheatingonthemoveisthatyoumightwanttocarryyourfoodinsomethingthatisone-off,soit’sagoodideatomakesureit’ssomethingthatisrecyclable(可再循环的).(移动用餐的问题在于，你可能需要用一次性容器携带食物，所以最好确保所使用的容器是可回收的)”可推知，建议自带容器的目的是为了减少一次性容器的浪费，从而减少污染。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“AtrialinEastAngliashowedthatofferinga10%pricereductiondidencouragesomecustomerstocomepreparedwiththeirownlunchbox.(东安格利亚的一项试验表明，提供10%的降价确实鼓励了一些顾客自带午餐盒)”可知，金钱上的鼓励是有效的。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ithinkifwegiveourluncheatinghabitssomedeeperthought,wecanalldoourbitinhelpingreduceclimatechangeanddamagetoourenvironment.Thatissomethingworthtakingseriously.(我认为，如果我们更深入地思考我们的午餐习惯，我们都可以为减少气候变化和环境破坏尽一份力。这是值得认真对待的事情)”可知，作者认为重新审视午餐习惯是值得认真对待的、有积极意义的事情，这体现了他支持的态度。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Accordingtoaglobalhappinessstudy,therehasbeenadropinpeople’ssenseofhappiness.Thefollowingaresomesuggestionsforspiritualhealthandwell-being.First,pleasebekindtoyourself.____16____Pleasetreatyourselfwithkindnessasyouovercomethesechallengesbecauseitmakesthejourneymorebearable.Studieswithcollegestudentsshowthatself-loveisrelatedtolowerlevelsofmentalillnessandhigherwell-beingingeneral.Keepthehopealive.Whateveryouaregoingthrough,thereisalmostalwayshope.Manyhardshipsimprovewithtimeorproblem-solving.____17____Somesituationsmayseemalmostentirelyhopeless,butithasprovedthatcountlesspeoplechangesomethingbadintosomethingactiveandmeaningful.____18____Ifyouhavenotheardfromafriendforawhile,givethemacall.Theyareprobablybusy.Andthereissometimesthechancethattheyarenotgoingallright,inwhichcaseyouroutreachmightmeanalltheworldtothem.Inreturn,you’llgethappinessfromhelpingothers.Considerforgiveness.Inourlives,manydowrongtous.Sometimes,itisastranger.____19____Iencourageforgivenessforthebenefitofyourself.Lifeistooshorttocarrytheweightofbeingangry.Besides,youdon’tneedtoallowthembackintoyourlifetofreeyourselffromthepaintheycaused.Seethejoy.Theworldisabeautifulplaceandhasmanywonders.Youneedtocreateacultureofjoyandthankfulnessforthemanyluckythingsaroundyou.Thishelpsyoutofocusmoreonthepositivepartsofyourexperiencethanthenegativeones.____20____A.Reachouttoothers.B.Itisprotectiveforfeelings.C.Butitcanalsobesomeonenearus.D.Soremembertokeepaneyeonthefuture.E.Theyaretryingtohavespiritualcontroloveryou.F.Mostpeoplearelikelytostrugglewithregret,sadness,orpain.G.Smallchangescanmakeadifferencetoyourownlifeandhappiness.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.C20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个使人精神愉悦的方法。【16题详析】根据下文“Pleasetreatyourselfwithkindnessasyouovercomethesechallengesbecauseitmakesthejourneymorebearable.(在克服这些挑战时，请善待自己，因为这会让旅程更容易忍受)”可知，此处应该指出一些令人不愉快的精神上的挑战。所以F项“Mostpeoplearelikelytostrugglewithregret,sadness,orpain.(大多数人可能都在与遗憾、悲伤或痛苦作斗争)”符合题意。故选F项。【17题详析】根据上文“Keepthehopealive.Whateveryouaregoingthrough,thereisalmostalwayshope.Manyhardshipsimprovewithtimeorproblem-solving.(保持希望不灭。无论你正在经历什么，几乎总是有希望的。许多困难会随着时间的推移或问题的解决而改善)”可知，此处顺承上句，讲述要积极面对未来。所以D项“Soremembertokeepaneyeonthefuture.(所以记住要着眼于未来)”符合题意。故选D项。【18题详析】此处为段落主题句。根据下文“Ifyouhavenotheardfromafriendforawhile,givethemacall.(如果你有段时间没收到朋友的消息了，那就给他们打个电话吧)”可知，描述的是主动联系很久没见的朋友这种行为。A项“Reachouttoothers.(主动联系他人)”是对这一行为的概括，统领全段，符合题意。故选A项。【19题详析】根据上文“Inourlives,manydowrongtous.Sometimes,itisastranger.(在我们的生活中，许多人对我们做了错事。有时，这是一个陌生人)”可知，此处应该指出另外一些伤害我们的人，所以C项“Butitcanalsobesomeonenearus.(但也可能是我们身边的人)”符合语境。故选C项。【20题详析】本段首句指出“Seethejoy.(看到快乐)”，所以本段从保持乐观情绪的角度说明主题。上文提到“Youneedtocreateacultureofjoyandthankfulnessforthemanyluckythingsaroundyou.Thishelpsyoutofocusmoreonthepositivepartsofyourexperiencethanthenegativeones.(你需要为你周围的许多幸运的事情创造一种快乐和感恩的文化。这有助于你更多地关注你经历的积极方面，而不是消极方面)”由此可知，空格处应该是这种做法的好处。所以B项“Itisprotectiveforfeelings.(它是对感情的保护)”符合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lenahadalwaysbeenafraidofheights.Asachild,she____21____climbingtreesorplayingonplaygroundequipment.Onedayinhighschool,Lena’sfriendsinvitedheronahikingtriptoanearbymountain.Despiteuncertainty,sheagreed,hopingto____22____herself.Thefirstpartwaseasy,butastheywenthigher,thepathgrewharder.Lena’sheart____23____asshelookeddown.Shealmostcouldn’tstand,andshewantedto____24____.“Lena,youcandothis!”Jake____25____her.Takingadeepbreath,Lenafocusedoneachsmallmovement.Slowly,shebegantofeelsafer.Andthe____26____viewsfromhigherupgaveheranewpoint—onlifeandherself.Reachingthetop,Lenastoodin____27____,thebeautifulsceneryshowingbeforeher,whichprovedherstrongwillpower.Sherealizedthather____28____hadpreventedherfrommovingforwardbefore,butfacingithead-onhad____29____herhiddenstrength.Goingdownthemountainwaseasier.Lenawalkedwithnewfound____30____,knowingshehaddefeatedmorethanjustamountain.Theexperiencetaughtherthatchallengesarechancesfor____31____.Shestarted____32____otheractivitiessheonceavoided,likepublicspeakingandtraveling.Lena’sjourneyupthemountainseta(n)____33____forherlife.Fromthatdayon,everydifficultyshefaced____34____herdetermination.Shelearnedthattruegrowthcomesfromsteppingintothe____35____world,trustingherself,andenjoyingtheprocess.21.A.enjoyed B.avoided C.practiced D.risked22.A.protect B.introduce C.challenge D.behave23.A.raced B.broke C.stopped D.flew24.A.goon B.showup C.turnback D.lookout25.A.corrected B.promised C.recommended D.encouraged26.A.scary B.familiar C.breathtaking D.long-lasting27.A.amazement B.doubt C.calmness D.pain28.A.talent B.image C.failure D.fear29.A.created B.unlocked C.checked D.misunderstood30.A.chance B.luck C.confidence D.patience31.A.growth B.teaching C.survival D.suffering32.A.comparing B.welcoming C.organizing D.discussing33.A.rule B.time C.plan D.example34.A.recognized B.strengthened C.investigated D.applied35.A.unknown B.traditional C.narrow D.peaceful【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.D34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了害怕高度的莱娜在朋友的邀请下参加登山活动，过程中她克服了内心的恐惧，成功登顶并欣赏到壮丽的景色。这次经历不仅让她战胜了高山，更让她领悟到挑战是成长的契机，使她开始以新的信心面对生活中其他曾逃避的挑战。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：童年时，她避免爬树或在游乐场设备上玩耍。A.enjoyed享受；B.avoided避免；C.practiced练习；D.risked冒险。根据前文“Lenahadalwaysbeenafraidofheights.”可知，她害怕高度，因此会“避免”需要登高的活动。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管不确定，她还是同意了，希望挑战自己。A.protect保护；B.introduce介绍；C.challenge挑战；D.behave表现。根据前文和“Lenahadalwaysbeenafraidofheights.”和“sheagreed”可知，尽管她害怕高度，但还是接受了登山的邀请，说明她想要突破自我，即“挑战”自己。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莱娜向下看时，她的心跳加速。A.raced(心跳)急速跳动；B.broke破碎；C.stopped停止；D.flew飞行。根据前文“Lenahadalwaysbeenafraidofheights.”和后文“asshelookeddown”可知，莱娜恐高，所以站在山上向下看时会害怕，会“心跳加速”。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她几乎站不住，想要转身回去。A.goon继续；B.showup出现；C.turnback转身返回；D.lookout小心。根据前文“shealmostcouldn’tstand”可知，她因恐高身体不受控制，结合后文“Lena,youcandothis!”同伴的鼓励可推知，她想放弃并“转身返回”。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“莱娜，你能做到的！”杰克鼓励她。A.corrected纠正；B.promised承诺；C.recommended推荐；D.encouraged鼓励。根据朋友说的话“Lena,youcandothis!”可知，这是在为她加油打气，即“鼓励”她。故选D项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而更高处那令人叹为观止的景色，给了她一个关于生活和自己的新视角。A.scary吓人的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.breathtaking令人叹为观止的；D.long-lasting持久的。根据后文“viewsfromhigherup”和“thebeautifulsceneryshowingbeforeher”可知，山上的景色是“令人惊叹的”。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达山顶时，莱娜惊异地站立着，美丽的景色展现在她面前，这证明了她坚强的意志力。A.amazement惊异；B.doubt怀疑；C.calmness平静；D.pain痛苦。根据后文“thebeautifulsceneryshowingbeforeher”可知，她被壮丽的景色所震撼，感到“惊异”。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她意识到，她的恐惧以前阻碍了她前进，但直面它却激发了她隐藏的力量。A.talent天赋；B.image形象；C.failure失败；D.fear恐惧。根据前文“Lenahadalwaysbeenafraidofheights.”和“Shealmostcouldn’tstand”可知，是“恐惧”让她之前不能站立，阻碍了她的前行。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她意识到，她的恐惧以前阻碍了她前进，但直面它却激发了她隐藏的力量。A.created创造；B.unlocked解锁，激发；C.checked检查；D.misunderstood误解。根据前文“facingithead-on”和后文“herhiddenstrength”可推知，是直面恐惧的勇气“激发”了她内在的力量。故选B项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱娜带着新获得的信心走下山，她知道她战胜的不仅仅是一座山。A.chance机会；B.luck运气；C.confidence信心；D.patience耐心。根据前文莱娜成功登顶并克服了恐惧可知，这种成功经历会带来自信的提升。故选C项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历教会她，挑战是成长的机会。A.growth成长；B.teaching教学；C.survival生存；D.suffering苦难。登山经历让她战胜恐惧、获得信心，这属于个人的“成长”；后文的感悟“Shelearnedthat

truegrowthcomesfromsteppingintothe

world,trustingherself,andenjoyingtheprocess.”也印证了这一点。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始接纳其他她曾经回避的活动，比如公开演讲和旅行。A.comparing比较；B.welcoming欢迎，接纳；C.organizing组织；D.discussing讨论。根据后文“otheractivitiessheonceavoided”可知，她现在不再逃避，而是“接纳”这些挑战。故选B项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱娜的登山之旅为她的生活树立了一个榜样。A.rule规则；B.time时间；C.plan计划；D.example榜样。根据后文“everydifficultyshefaced...”可推知，这次成功经历成为了她日后面对困难的“榜样”。故选D项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，她面对的每一个困难都增强了她的决心。A.recognized认出；B.strengthened增强；C.investigated调查；D.applied应用。根据后文“truegrowth”可推知，面对并战胜困难会“增强”一个人的决心和信念，这是一种成长。故选B项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她明白，真正的成长来自于踏入未知的世界，相信自己，并享受过程。A.unknown未知的；B.traditional传统的；C.narrow狭窄的；D.peaceful和平的。根据前文讲述她勇敢挑战害怕的事情和“steppinginto”可推知，成长来自于踏入“未知的”世界。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThearrivalofLidongmeansthatwinterhas____36____(official)begun.ForfarmersinChina,Lidongmarkstheendofthebusyharvest(收获)seasonandthestartofwinterpreparations.Newlycollectedgrains____37____(store),andthefieldsfallsilent.Farmerstakethistimetowatertheland,____38____helpskeepthesoilwetfornextspring.Innorthernvillages,it’sstillcommontostoresomegrainsnearthewarmbedtokeepthemdry,whilecabbagesarecoveredwithsoil,whichcontributesto____39____(keep)themfreshuntilspring.Thesepractices,passingdownthrough____40____(generation),showthewisdomoflivinginstepwiththeseasonsandpreparingfor____41____monthsahead.Aroundtheworld,peoplewelcomewinter____42____theirownways.InFinland,theywatchtheNorthernLights;inCanada,theskiingseasonbegins;inNorway,winterfestivalslightupthestreetswith____43____(laugh).InChina,northernfamiliesgatherfordumplingsandmuttonsoup,whileinthesouth,peopleenjoychicken,duck,fishandotherwarmingfoods____44____(prepare)astrongbodyforwinter.Lidongmarksnotonlyanendinnature’sactivitybutalsothebeginningofquietreturn.Remembertorestwell,eatwarm,andtakegoodcareof____45____(you)andyourlovedonesaswinterbegins.【答案】36.officially37.arestored38.which39.keeping40.generations41.the42.in43.laughter44.toprepare45.yourself/yourselves【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了立冬这一节气的意义以及中国乃至世界各地人们迎接立冬的方式。【36题详析】考查副词。句意：立冬的到来意味着冬天已经正式开始了。提示词修饰动词begun，用副词officially作状语，意为“正式地”。故填officially。【37题详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：新收获的谷物被储存起来，田野一片寂静。store(储存)是谓语动词，与主语“Newlycollectedgrains”之间是被动关系，结合上下文可知，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填arestored。【38题详析】考查定语从句。句意：农民们利用这段时间给土地浇水，这有助于保持土壤湿润，为来年春天做准备。“helpskeepthesoilwetfornextspring”为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。【39题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在北方的村庄里，人们仍然习惯于把一些谷物储存在温暖的床边以保持干燥，而卷心菜则用土覆盖，这有助于保持它们新鲜直到春天。“contributetodoingsth.”是固定搭配，意为“有助于做某事”，其中to是介词，其后接动名词形式作宾语。故填keeping。【40题详析】考查名词复数。句意：这些习俗代代相传，展现了与季节同步生活、为未来几个月做好准备的智慧。generation(一代人)是可数名词，作宾语，根据语境可知，此处表示“代代相传”，应用复数形式。故填generations。【41题详析】考查冠词。句意：这些习俗代代相传，展现了与季节同步生活、为未来几个月做好准备的智慧。“monthsahead”表示“未来的几个月”，是特指，应用定冠词the限定。故填the。【42题详析】考查介词。句意：在世界各地，人们以自己的方式迎接冬天。“inone’sownway”是固定短语，意为“以某人自己的方式”。故填in。【43题详析】考查名词。句意：在芬兰，人们观赏北极光；在加拿大，滑雪季开始了；在挪威，冬季节日用笑声照亮了街道。提示词作介词with后宾语，用名词形式laughter，意为“笑声”，是不可数名词。故填laughter。【44题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，北方家庭聚在一起吃饺子和羊肉汤，而南方人则享用鸡肉、鸭肉、鱼