专题+02+冠词专题-备战2027年高考英语一轮复习语法冲刺宝典

专题02冠词专题--备战2027年高考英语一轮语法冲刺宝典冠词art.上一章讨论完名词，接下来我们必然要讨论与名词密不可分的冠词(Article)的用法。在英语中，冠词与名词的关系极为密切因为它必然是修饰某个名词，以冠词所指的范围，对名词起泛指或特指等限定修饰作用，从名词短语(nounphrase)的角度来看，冠词或者是直接放在一个名词的前面来修饰它，构成“冠词+名词“这样的结构(如theteacher)，或者是在“冠词+形容词+名词”(如theEnglishteacher)这样的结构中来修饰名词。在本章中我们主要讨论冠词。具体内容安排如下：【课前检测】（5minutes)1.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with_______riseofscience,changesbegan.2.Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas_________joke.3.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover_______past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.4.Instead,sheisearningL6,500adayas_________modelinNewYork.5.ForPahlsson,itsreturnwas__________wonder.6.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover_________top.7.,68]Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor______while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.______prizeforthewinnerofthecompetitionis__________two-weekholidayinParis.课中讲解一.冠词的定义冠词(Article),一种虚词，本身不能独立使用，只能在名词前帮助说明名词所指人或事物，冠词有三种:不定冠词;定冠词;此外也有些特定场合不用冠词，称为零冠词.二.冠词的分类和用法冠词有不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。不定冠词a用于辅音音素(而不是辅音字母)开头的单词前;an用于元音音素开头的单词前。以下单词请注意元音字母发音为辅音音素:university，uniform,universe,universal,Europe,unite,united,union,unique以下单词请注意辅音字母开头但以元音发音:honest,honesty，hour,honor表示泛指或初次提到的某人或某物，表示“一个..."Heraisesablackcat.IknowaMary,butnotthefamousone.Aboyiswaitingforyou.表示数量中的“一”，相当于oneRomewasnotbuiltinaday3用于某些固定词组中。afew,alittle.agoodmany.alotof,allofasudden,asarule,haveacold等。【过关检测】(5mins).单句语法填空1、As____result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.2．TouchingaclassicalChineseinstrumentforthefirsttimewastrulyuniqueexperience.Witheverypluckandstrokeofthestrings,Ifeltastrangeyetfamiliaremotion.3．IntheBeijingdepartmentstoreSKP,customersqueuedandevencampedovernightforproductsfromLaopuGold,fast-risingChineseheritagegoldbrand,evenasglobalgoldpricesskyrocketed.4．Today,whileitspracticalusedeclines,thefanremainsimportantculturalsymbol.Itisvaluedasafinehandicraft,ameaningfulgift,andperformancetool.5．AsanimportantoriginofChinesecivilization,SouthwestChinaisregionwheremultipleethnicgroupshavelivedtogetherandcultureshaveblendedsinceancienttimes.6．WearingauniquehandcraftedPerlerBeadaccessoryislikewearingidentitycardfortheirfriendgroup,bringinglike-mindedpeerscloser.7．Walkingthroughitsnarrowhalls,peoplecanseestatuesofSakyamuni,Laozi,andConfuciusstandingsidebyside—raresymbolofreligiousharmonyinoldChina.8．Byengagingwiththisartifact,learnersgaindeepappreciationforChina’slong-standingheritage.定冠词1.表示特定的人或物表示上下文提到过的人或事物，也可指上文未提到过但谈话双方都知道的人或事物.特指某人或某事物.Doyouknowthewomanstandingunderthetree?2用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前HewasthefirsttospeakagainstslaveryOfalltheboys,AlanisthebeststudentwhospeaksSpanish.姓氏复数前加定冠词the表示一家人或夫妻两人TheSmithsmovedtoLondonyearsago.4.定冠词the与单数名词、形容词或分词连用，表示一类人或事物therich富人theliving生者5.用于普通名词构成的专有名词前theSummerPalace颐和园theGreatWall长城表示世界上独一无二的东西theearth,themoon,thestars,thesun7.西洋乐器前playthepiano,playtheguitar★口诀总结:特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独无二,序数最高级,普转专有名,习语及乐器【基础练习】(10mins)单句语法填空1.Thelittleboytooktheblindmanby______armandwalkedhimacrossthestreet.2.Then,_______Smithswerelisteningtotheboywhowasplaying_______piano.3.Infact,_________Chineselanguageisthemostdifficultoneintheworld.4.IthinkTomis_________clevererofthetwoboyswhois________firsttosolvetheproblem.5.MarcoPoloissaidtohavesailedon_________PacificOceanonhiswaytoJavain______thirteenthcentury.6．Withtheplanrolledoutinphases,Chinaisunveiling“space+”ambitionstoexplorewholesolarsystem.7．Itremindsusthatcuriosityaboutunknownispartofhumannature,andancientstoriesarestillattractiveinthemodernworld.8．Theremaining20percent,some80volumes,posegreatestchallengeintheprocess,asmanyarescatteredinprivatecollectionsorinstitutionsabroad.9．Moreimportantly,researchersdiscoveredsomestonetoolshadbeenprocessedwithhandlesattached,markingearliestknownevidenceofcompositetoolsinEastAsia.10．Weallknowweshouldexercisemore,butbiggestbarrierformanyisfeelinglikewejustdon’thaveanhourtospare.11．Theyconcludethatpeoplechoosetoworkout,drivenbyimmediaterewardsoffeelinggoodandhavingfunwithfriends.12．Formanyofficeworkers,itisadaily“survivaltool”tostayawakeandkeepupwithdemandingschedules.【巩固练习】I单句语法填空1.Let'sgoto________cinemathat'lltakeyourmindofftheproblem.2.Idon'tunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butI'vegot________roughideaoftheprojectplan.3.Wecanneverexpect________bluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.4.Thisareaexperienced________heaviestrainfallin________monthofMay.5.Inordertofind_________betterjob,hedecidedtostudyasecondforeignlanguage.6.What________pitythatyoucouldn'tbetheretoreceivetheprize!7.It'snotagoodideatodriveforfourhourswithout_________break.8.IateasandwichwhileIwaswaitingfor________20:08train.9.Georgecouldn'trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwas_______Sundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.10.Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethatthe2008BeijingOlympicGameswas_______success.11.________firsttimeIstoodinfrontofalargegroupofstudentstogiveaspeech,Ifeltalittlenervous.12.Itis_______commonmistakeforstudentstopresentsomethingasaprovenfactwhenitisactually______opinion13.Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic;heisverylikelytobe______Beethoven.II..完成句子1．我昨天看了一场电影。电影是8点结束的。Isaw____________________yesterday.____________________wasendedat8o’clock.2．That’s________bestmovieI’veeverseen!那是我看过的最棒的电影！3．________dolphinisanintelligentanimal.海豚是聪明的动物。4．________plantoutsidethewindowisAaron’s.窗外的植物是Aaron的。5．Iorderedapizzaandsalad.________pizzawasnicebut________saladwasdisgusting.我点了一份比萨和沙拉。比萨很好吃，但沙拉很难吃。6．Studentsareexpectedtomaster________secondlanguage.学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。7．Youhavedone________kindness.你做了一件善事。8．Itwasbitterlycoldoutside,and________heavysnowwasfalling.外面天气非常冷，还下着大雪。9．Thecarruns80kilometers________hour.这辆车每小时跑80公里。10．________teacheristhepersonwholeadsstudentstoabetterfuture.老师是带领学生走向更美好未来的人。【拔高练习】语法填空:Passage1Redenvelopeshaveplayed1importantpartinChineseNewYearforaslongasanyonecanremember.Sowhat’sthestorybehindtheredenvelopesduringChineseNewYear?Onepopularstory2(date)backtotheQinDynasty,whentheelderlywouldthreadcoinsontoaredstring.Thismoney3(call)yasuiqianinChinese,meaning“moneyprotectingoneselffromevilspirits”,andwasbelievedtoprotectelderpeoplefromsicknessand4(die).Astheprintingpressbecamemorecommon,theyasuiqianwasreplaced5redenvelopes.Anotherlegendtellsofavillage6ademon(恶魔)wouldterrorizechildrenatnight.Itwasbelievedthatthedemonwouldtouchthechildren’sheadswhiletheywereasleep,7(cause)seriousillness.Fromthere,atheoryemergedthatwhentheyprayed,thegodwouldsendeightfairiestoprotectthechild.Thefairieswoulddisguise(伪装)8(they)aseightcoinsandhideunderthechild’spillow.Whenthedemongotclose,thecoinswouldbegintoshinevery9(bright),blindingthedemon.Wordbegantospreadandthevillagersstartedgivingredenvelopes10(fill)withcoinstoeachothertoputundertheirpillowsatnight.Astimepassed,redenvelopesbecameawaytobringgoodluckandprosperitytothereceiver.Passage2Languageissometimeswrittenasacodesothatpeoplecancommunicatesecrets.During11SecondWorldWar,theGermanNavy（海军）usedacodetosendmessages.TheBritishbrokethecodeand12（learn）aboutmanyGermanplans.TheJapanesealsousedacodetotalkto13（they）shipsatsea.ItwascalledthePurpleCode.AlthoughtheAmericanssoonbrokethiscode,theJapanesedidn’tknowit14（break）.In1942,theAmericansbegantousetheirowncodetosend15（secret）.AfewNavajo（纳瓦在人）Indiansmadethiscode16（base）ontheirlanguage,whichonlysomeAmericanIndiansspoke.ThecodedescribedafewthingstheAmericanarmydid.Onlytheycouldunderstandthiscode,sotheywentwiththearmyasitfoughtagainsttheJapanese.TheseNavajosoldierspromised17（keep）thiscodeasecret,eventhoughthiscouldcausetheir18（die）.TheJapaneseneverbrokethecodebecausetheyknewnothing19theNavajolanguage.Andthecode,20connectedtwolanguages,helpedwinthewarinthePacific.参考答案：课前检测：1.the2．a【详解】句意：第一次触摸中国古典乐器是一次真正独特的经历。每拨动和弹奏一次琴弦，我都会感到一种陌生而又熟悉的情感。此处泛指“一次真正独特的经历”，且truly发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。3．a【详解】句意：在北京SKP百货公司，尽管全球黄金价格飙升，顾客们仍排队甚至通宵露营，只为抢购老铺黄金这一快速崛起的中国传统黄金品牌的产品。此处表示泛指“一个快速崛起的中国传统黄金品牌”，且fast-rising以辅音音素开头，此处应为不定冠词a。4．an【详解】句意：如今，尽管扇子的实用功能有所下降，但它仍然是一个重要的文化符号。它被视为精美的手工艺品、有意义的礼物和表演工具。symbol是可数名词单数形式，在句中表示“一个重要的文化符号”，泛指，且important发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。5．a【详解】句意：作为中华文明的重要发源地，中国西南地区自古以来就是多民族聚居、文化交融的地区。此处泛指“一个地区”，且region发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。6．an【详解】句意：佩戴独特的手工制作的美乐珠饰品就像佩戴一张他们朋友圈的身份证，让志同道合的同龄人更加亲近。此处泛指“一张身份证”，且identity以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。7．a【详解】句意：穿过狭窄的大厅，人们可以看到释迦牟尼、老子和孔子的雕像并排而立——这是古代中国宗教和谐的一个罕见象征。句中symbol“象征”是可数名词单数，此处表泛指，且rare以辅音音素开头，故用a。8．a【详解】句意：通过接触这件文物，学习者对中国悠久的遗产有了深刻的认识。根据“deepappreciation”可知，此处需要用不定冠词表示泛指“一种深刻的认识”。deep发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。过关检测：1.a2.a3.a4.the-a5.an-a基础练习：I1.the2.the,the3.the4.the,the5.the,the6．the【详解】句意：随着计划的分阶段实施，中国正展现出探索整个太阳系的“太空+”雄心。此处特指整个太阳系，应用定冠词the。7．the【详解】句意：它提醒我们，对未知事物的好奇心是人类天性的一部分，古代故事在现代世界仍然具有吸引力。“the+形容词”表示一类事物。theunknown意为“未知的事物”。8．the【详解】句意：剩下的20%，约80卷，在这个过程中构成了最大的挑战，因为许多散落在国外的私人收藏或机构中。空后为形容词最高级greatest，应用定冠词the。9．the【详解】句意：更重要的是，研究人员发现一些石器经过加工并装有手柄，这标志着东亚已知最早的复合工具证据。根据“earliestknownevidence”可知，此处需要用定冠词the修饰形容词最高级earliest，表示“最早的”。10．the【详解】句意：我们都知道应该多锻炼，但对很多人来说，最大的障碍是觉得自己抽不出一个小时的时间。在形容词最高级前需用定冠词the。11．the【详解】句意：他们得出结论：人们选择健身，是受心情愉悦、和朋友玩乐这些即时回报的驱使。此处“immediaterewards”被后置定语限定，表特指，需用定冠词the。12．the【详解】句意：对于许多上班族来说，它是一种日常“生存工具”，能让他们保持清醒，跟上繁重的日程安排。根据句意可知，对很多办公室职员而言，明确指出是上班族所面对的那种特定的日程，用定冠词the。巩固练习：1.1.the2.a3.aa4.the/athe5.a6.a7.a8.the9.a10.a11.The12.aan13.aII.1．afilmThefilm【详解】考查冠词。根据句意，第一句中“一场电影”是首次提及，表泛指，用不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数film；第二句中“电影”是特指前一句提到的那部，表特指，用定冠词the，符合“昨天看电影且电影8点结束”的语义逻辑。故填①a②film③The④film。2．the【详解】考查冠词。最高级best前需与定冠词the连用。故填the。3．The【详解】考查冠词。此处名词dolphin特指海豚这种动物，用定冠词，首字母大写。故填The。4．The【详解】考查定冠词。此处特指窗外的这个植物，应用定冠词the，句首单词首字母大写，故填The。5．Thethe【详解】考查冠词。根据上文“apizzaandsalad”可知，空处第二次提到pizza和salad，需用定冠词the修饰表示特指。故填①The；②the。6．a【详解】考查冠词的特殊用法。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“一门（第二语言）”的英文表达。序数词“second”前通常加定冠词“the”表“顺序中的第二”，但本句中“secondlanguage”并非强调顺序，而是侧重“除母语外的另一门、额外的一门语言”，此时应用不定冠词，second为辅音开头，应用“a”，构成“a+序数词+名词”的结构，表示“又一、另一”，符合“掌握一门第二语言”的语义。故填a。7．a【详解】考查冠词。kindness意为“善事，善行”时是可数名词，表示“一件善事”，且kindness发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。8．a【详解】考查冠词用法。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“一场大雪”应用aheavysnow，a为不定冠词，用于修饰以辅音音素开头的名词短语heavysnow，表泛指一场具体的降雪。故填a。9．an【详解】考查冠词。此处泛指“一小时”，且hour以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。10．A【详解】考查冠词。“老师”此处是泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且teacher发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，句首单词首字母大写，故填A。拔高练习：语法填空1．an2．dates3．wascalled4．death5．with6．where7．causing8．themselves9．brightly10．filled【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了红包的来历。1．考查冠词。part是可数名词单数形式，且important的发音以元音音素开头，playanimportantpartin...意为“在……中发挥重要作用”。故填an。2．考查时态。datebackto意为“始于(某时期)，追溯到……年代”，根据上下文可知，该短语常用一般现在时,没有被动语态和进行时。故填dates。3．考查时态和语态。根据下文中的“andwasbelievedoprotectelderpeople”可知，空处应用一般过去时；Thismoney和call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填wascalled。4．考查名词。根据空前的名词sickness和and可知，death与名词sickness是并列的关系，应填名词形式。故填death。5．考查介词。此处为“replaceAwithB”结构的被动形式，意为“用B替换A”。故填with。6．考查定语从句