高中英语选择性必修三Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 基础自测高中英语人教版

选择性必修第三册Unit4AdversityandCourage基础自测Part1Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共45空；每空1分，满分45分)1．n．困境；逆境2．adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3．n．探险；远征；探险队4．adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)5．vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎n．拥挤的人群6．vi.沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没7．vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃8．eadj.痛苦的；令人难受的9．adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的10．adj.自私的11．adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的12．n．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人13．n．家具14．adj.潮湿的；湿气重的15．n．娱乐；消遣；游戏16．adj.公司的；法人的；社团的17．n．忍耐力；耐久力→vt.忍耐；忍受18．adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→vt.取得资格；使合格→n．资格19．adj.热情的；热心的→adv.热情地；热心地→n．热情；热忱20．vt.分派；布置；分配→n．分配的任务21．n.&vt.羡慕；妒忌→adj.妒忌的22．n．[pl.]财物；动产→vi.属于23．n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→vi.坚持；孜孜以求24．vi.&vt.决定；决心n．决心；坚定的信念→n．决议；解决；坚定25．adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→n．残忍；残酷26．adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的→adv.彻底地27．adv.不幸地；遗憾地→adv.幸运地→n．幸运；财富28．n．指导；引导；导航→v．指导；指引29．n．广告活动；广告业→vt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．拒绝某人2．梦想3．出发4．被……困住5．扔掉6．toone’ssurprise7．keep...up8．gofrombadtoworse9．holdon10．afterallⅠ.词形变化填空(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)1．Ashadbeenexpected，sheshowedgreat(enthusiastic)fortheapproachingvoyage.2．Idon’tthinkthatIam(envy)ofyourhighwages.3．Ihavebeenthoroughlyshockedattimesthat(cruel)cangounpunished.4．Itwashisendurance，perseveranceand(resolve)thatenabledhimtoovercomesomanyhardships.5．Mynephewwasgivenan(assign)thatwasdifficulttoworkon.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．IopeningupmyownenterprisesinceIgraduatedfromcollege.2．，please!Theinspiringandexcitingcampaignwillbegininfiveminutes.3.Unfortunately，mymotorcyclethemudtenminutesago.4．Wedon’tallowgarbageeverywhereoncampus.5．IhaveresolvedtoforBeijingat6a．m.tomorrow.Part2Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共15空；每空2分，满分30分)1．n.领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者2．n．发动机；马达adj.有引擎的；机动车的3．n．候选人；应试者4．n.(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲5．adj.忠诚的；忠实的→n．忠诚6．adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→adv.粗略地7．n．承诺；保证；奉献→vt.&vi.保证；投入→adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的8．n．动机；原因；目的adj.发动的→n．动机；积极性9．n.孔子学说；儒家(学说)→adj.儒家的Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题3分，满分30分)1．生火2．放出(热、光、气味或气体)3．在某人的指导下4．在……前面5．如果……怎么办6．nothinglike7．cheer...up8．fallinto9．It’sone’sdutytodosth.10．dealwith处理Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共4小题；每题5分，满分20分)1．Ihadtoturnhimdownbecausehelacked(loyal)．2．(rough)speaking，wecanselltwentypiecesoffurnitureeveryotherday.3．Ourgovernmenthasmadea(commit)tolaunchsomecampaignstoraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.4．TheStudentAssociationhasorganizeddozensofactivitiestopromoteallthestudents’learning(motivate)．Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．WheneverIaminlowspirits，Icanalwaysrelyonhimtome.2.Fortunately，Iamgoodatsuchchallengingproblems.3．WhatImusttellyouisthattheseblanketsthreecategories.4．Somenewly-boughtfurniturepoisonoussubstances.5．，Igraduallyrestoremyconfidence，soIcan’tthankhimtoomuch.选择性必修第三册Unit4AdversityandCourage基础自测参考答案Part1Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共45空；每空1分，满分45分)1．adversityn．困境；逆境2．bitteradj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3．expeditionn．探险；远征；探险队4．aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)5．crushvt.毁坏；压坏；压碎crushn．拥挤的人群6．sinkvi.沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没7．abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃8．miserableadj.痛苦的；令人难受的9．decentadj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的10．selfishadj.自私的11．genuineadj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的12．crewn．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人13．furnituren．家具14．dampadj.潮湿的；湿气重的15．recreationn．娱乐；消遣；游戏16．corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的17．endurancen．忍耐力；耐久力→endurevt.忍耐；忍受18．qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualifyvt.取得资格；使合格→qualificationn．资格19．enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地；热心地→enthusiasmn．热情；热忱20．assignvt.分派；布置；分配→assignmentn．分配的任务21．envyn.&vt.羡慕；妒忌→enviousadj.妒忌的22．belongingsn．[pl.]财物；动产→belongvi.属于23．perseverancen．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求24．resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n．决心；坚定的信念→resolutionn．决议；解决；坚定25．crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→crueltyn．残忍；残酷26．thoroughadj.深入的；彻底的；细致的→thoroughlyadv.彻底地27．unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遗憾地→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunen．幸运；财富28．guidancen．指导；引导；导航→guidev．指导；指引29．advertisingn．广告活动；广告业→advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．turnsb.down拒绝某人2．dreamof梦想3．setoff出发4．becomestuckin被……困住5．throwaway扔掉6．toone’ssurprise让某人惊讶的是7．keep...up保持8．gofrombadtoworse每况愈下9．holdon坚持；别挂断10．afterall毕竟；终究Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)1．Ashadbeenexpected，sheshowedgreatenthusiasm(enthusiastic)fortheapproachingvoyage.2．Idon’tthinkthatIamenvious(envy)ofyourhighwages.3．Ihavebeenthoroughlyshockedattimesthatcruelty(cruel)cangounpunished.4．Itwashisendurance，perseveranceandresolution(resolve)thatenabledhimtoovercomesomanyhardships.5．Mynephewwasgivenanassignment(assign)thatwasdifficulttoworkon.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．IhavebeendreamingofopeningupmyownenterprisesinceIgraduatedfromcollege.2．Holdon，please!Theinspiringandexcitingcampaignwillbegininfiveminutes.3.Unfortunately，mymotorcyclebecamestuckinthemudtenminutesago.4．Wedon’tallowthrowingawaygarbageeverywhereoncampus.5．IhaveresolvedtosetoffforBeijingat6a．m.tomorrow.Part2Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共15空；每空2分，满分30分)1．navigatorn.领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者2．motorn．发动机；马达adj.有引擎的；机动车的3．candidaten．候选人；应试者4．episoden.(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲5．loyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyaltyn．忠诚6．roughadj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→roughlyadv.粗略地7．commitmentn．承诺；保证；奉献→commitvt.&vi.保证；投入→committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的8．motiven．动机；原因；目的adj.发动的→motivationn．动机；积极性9．Confucianismn.孔子学说；儒家(学说)→Confucianadj.儒家的Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题3分，满分30分)1．makefire生火2．giveoff放出(热、光、气味或气体)3．underone’sguidance在某人的指导下4．aheadof在……前面5．whatif如果……怎么办6．nothinglike一点也不像7．cheer...up使……振作8．fallinto陷入……；可以分为，能够分成9．It’sone’sdutytodosth.做某事是某人的职责10．dealwith处理Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共4小题；每题5分，满分20分)1．Ihadtoturnhimdownbecausehelackedloyalty(loyal)．2．Roughly(rough)speaking，wecanselltwentypiecesoffurnitureeveryotherday.3．Ourgovernmenthasmadeacommitment(commit)tolaunchsomecampaignstoraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.4．TheStudentAssociationhasorganizeddozensofactivitiestopromoteallthestudents’learningmotivation(motivate)．Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．WheneverIaminlowspirits，Icanalwaysrelyonhimtocheermeup.2.Fortunately，Iamgoodatdealingwithsuchchallengingproblems.3．WhatImusttellyouisthattheseblanketsfallintothreecategories.4．Somenewly-boughtfurnituregivesoffpoisonoussubstances.5．Underhisguidance，Igraduallyrestoremyconfidence，soIcan’tthankhimtoomuch.UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AAnexhibitionofSongBuyun’sworksisnowrunningatthemuseumoftheCentralAcademyofFineArts.TheexhibitionwillrunthroughFeb.27.Thesedays,alongawaitedsnowfallinBeijingeasilycreatesafanfare(轰动)online.Oneneedn’tgooutsidetofeelpeople’sexcitementatablanketofsnow,asaglimpseofthephotosandvideosuploadedonsocialmediawillbeenough.Seventyyearsago,however,whilesnowwascommoninBeijing,cameraswereseldomtobeseen;fewwereabletorecordthesceneryofthishistoricalcity.OneofthefewwasSongBuyun,thelateoilpainterandwater-coloristwhowalkedthestreetsandrecordedthebeautyofBeijing’scenturies-oldarchitecture.CulturallandmarksfrozenintimearedisplayedinSong’sBeijinglandscapeseries,picturingthepeacefulatmosphereofthecity’shistoricalspotsoverthecourseofayear,suchasTiantan.HedocumentedpeoplevisitingthePalaceMuseum,swimminginlakesandclearingsnowoffthestreets.Dyingin1992,Songdidn’thaveachancetoshowthisbodyofworkduringhislifetime.Itwaseightyearslaterthatthesepaintingsweremadepublicforthefirsttimeatanexhibitionheldinhismemory.“Song’spaintingsshowtheharmony(和谐)betweenarchitectureanditssurroundings,”saysFanDi’an,deanoftheCentralAcademyofFineArts.“Thecolorsarevividandarrangedtastefullytogivearefreshinglooktotheseoldbuildings.CombiningskillsofChineseandWesternart,hisworkspreserve(保存)thevariedlandscapeofacity,andunderhisbrushwork,Songinjectedrichemotions,allowinghisworktostandthetestoftime.”1.WhatcanweknowaboutSong’sworksintheexhibition?A.Theyweremadewiththehelpofcameras.B.TheyfocusonBeijing’sculturallandmarks.C.Theyshowpeople’shardlifeinBeijingdecadesago.D.Theyhavedrawnwideattentionandgoodcommentsonline.2.WhendidthepublicfirstseethebodyofSong’sBeijinglandscapeseries?A.In1951.B.In1992.C.In2000. D.In2020.3.WhatmakesSong’sworkslastlong?A.ThecolorsSongusedwereveryspecial.B.Somearchitectureandsurroundingsdon’texist.C.Theyaretheonlywaytorecordthehistoricscenery.D.Song’sskillsandemotionmaketheworksvaluable.4.What’sthebesttitleofthistext?A.Frozenintime:anoldBeijinginSongBuyun’sexhibitionB.SongBuyun:agreatcolourmasterwhopaintedarchitectureC.Asymphonyofcolors:anexhibitiongivingyouafeastofeyesD.LandmarksinBeijing:theharmonyarchitectureandcultureBIn1939,seven-year-oldMiriamSchreibershouldhavestartedfirstgrade.Instead,shespentthatyear—andthefollowingfive—tryingtosurvive.ShewaslivinginPolandwhenWorldWarⅡbrokeout.“Myentirelifewasruinedwithinminutes,”shesays.“Iwaslookingforwardtostartingschool.”Shenevermadeit.Andnothavingadegreehasalwaysbeenathorninherside.Decadeslater,though,theHolocaustsurvivorfinallygotsomethingshehadalwayslongedfor.KapiloffBrander,directorofcommunityprogramsatJewishFamilyServices,reachedouttotheNewEnglandJewishAcademy,aJewishhighschool,toaskwhethertheschoolcouldhelpMiriamfulfillherwish.RichardNabel,theprincipaloftheschool,broughtafewseniorstudentstoMiriam’shometohearherstorybeforetheycameupwiththeideaofpresentingheranhonorarydiplomaattheschool’s2020graduationceremony.MiriamsufferedalotinaslavelaborcampinSiberiabeforeshegotliberatedin1946.SheandherremainingfamilymemberswenttoarefugeecampinGermany,whereshegotmarriedandhadherfirstchildattheageof16.Havingspentyearsinrefugeecampsindifferentcountries,shefinallyimmigratedtoAmericain1960.Gettingaformaleducationwasneveranoptionforherbutshelearnedsevenlanguagesovertheyears.“Ieducatedmyself,”shesays.“Ireadbooksdayandnight.Istilldo.”OnAugust16,duringasociallydistancedceremonyintheschoolgym,MiriamwaspresentedwithahighschooldiplomafromtheNewEnglandJewishAcademy.“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyesamongthe30ofusthere,”saysNabel.Miriam’sfamilywasespeciallymoved.“I’mnotsuresheevenrealizestheimportanceofthatmomenttome,”saysBernie,hereldestson.“Iamsoproudofher.”

5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMiriamfromparagraph1?A.Sheregrettednotbeingeducatedatschool.B.Shestartedfirstgradeattheageofseven.C.ShefeltluckytohavesurvivedWorldWarⅡ.D.ShespentfiveyearsinPolandduringthewar.6.HowdidMiriamgetherlong-cherishedwishfulfilled?A.Shemadeitthroughherownefforts.B.SheturnedtoKapiloffBranderforhelp.C.Theseniorstudentsthemselvespresentedadiplomatoher.D.RichardNabellearnedaboutherstoryanddecidedtohelp.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMiriam?A.Educated. B.Intelligent.C.Determined. D.Patient.8.WhatdidNabelmeanbysaying“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyes”?A.Miriam’sstorywasordinarybutinspiring.B.Mostofthosepresentweredeeplytouched.C.HewasimpressedbyMiriamandwasproudofher.D.HefelthonoredtopresentMiriamwithadiploma.Ⅱ.完形填空DearMr.Smith,Ihaveputthisletteroffforfartoolong.Iknowyoupassedawaymanyyearsago,butmaybesomeoneelse1thiswilldomuchbetter2it’stoolateforhimorher.Iwantyoutoknowwhata3youmadeinmylifeandtosaythanks.

Whenyou4mescienceatPattersonHighSchool,youawakeneda5inmetolearnabouteverythinginmyworld—notjustthethingsinsciencebuteverything,everywhere.My6questionwasandstillis,“Why?”IknowI7mydaddymadsometimes,8whenhewasdoingsomehouseworkorcarrepair,withmyquestions:What’sthat?Whatisitusedfor?Whydoesn’titworkthatway?Hewould9answeringmyquestionsandsaytome,“Gointhehouse,David!”

TheonlythingsIcan10nowfromyourclassarehowtoidentifythedifferenttypesofcloudsandtheelementsintheperiodictable(元素周期表).Itwasn’tthe11ofthelessonsbuttheinspiration—toquestion,tobecurious,andtolookatproblemsas12tobesolved—thathas13mesowellovertheyears.

WhenIlookattheskyandpointtoacloudformation,14anyonearoundthatthosearesuchandsuchclouds,Icanseetheir15eyes.Butoccasionally,oneofmygrandchildrenwillaskanxiously,“Howdoyouknowthat?”Isay,“Ihadateacher.”

Sincerely,David1.A.choosing B.readingC.correcting D.creating2.A.before B.afterC.since D.while3.A.promise B.planC.mistake D.difference4.A.provided B.guidedC.taught D.prepared5.A.kindness B.patienceC.judgment D.curiosity6.A.constant B.obviousC.sudden D.traditional7.A.directed B.droveC.excited D.forced8.A.specially B.personallyC.especially D.privately9.A.beproudof B.takecareofC.runoutof D.gettiredof10.A.remember B.realizeC.imagine D.recognize11.A.force B.contentC.meaning D.power12.A.exercises B.decisionsC.challenges D.benefits13.A.afforded B.requestedC.respected D.served14.A.warning B.informingC.educating D.reminding15.A.amazed B.relaxedC.discouraged D.determinedⅢ.读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2023山东济南上学期统考)Iliveinasmallbutlovelyneighborhood.Ourhouseisneitherlargenorluxurious,butithasafairlybiggarden.Myfatherloveshisgarden.Heplantedsomeseedsinit,andtookgoodcareoftheplants,wateringthem,applyingfertilizer,weedingandgettingridofbugs.Hewasnevertiredofdoingallthatstuff.Butatthattime,Ididn’tunderstandwhyworkinginthedirtexcitedhimsomuch.Unfortunately,inthesummervacationbeforemyseniorhighschool,myfatherwasseriouslyinjuredinanaccident.Hehadtostayinbedforawhile.Mymotherhadseveralbusinesstrips,soshecouldn’ttakecareofthegarden.Ididn’twantmyfathertoworry.IsaidthatIwouldtakecareofhisgardenuntilherecovered.Iassumedthatthelittleplantswouldcontinuetogrowaslongastheyhadwater,andluckilyitrainedfairlyoften,soIdidn’tthinkmuchaboutthegarden.OneSaturdaymorning,myfathersaidtome,“Christine,thevegetablesshouldbereadytobepicked.Let’shaveasaladtoday!”Iwentouttothegardenandwasupsettoseethatthelettuce(生菜)leavesandcarrotshadbeenhalfeatenbybugs.Therewerehundredsofbugsalloverthem!IpanickedforamomentbutthenIquietlywenttothenearestsupermarkettobuysomevegetables.WhenIwasmakingthesalad,mymothercamehomeandsawthebagfromthesupermarketinthekitchen.Iwasembarrassedandadmitted,“Dadwouldlikeasalad,butthegardenisadisaster.Idon’twanttodisappointhim,soIwenttothesupermarketandboughtsomevegetables.”Mymothersmiled,saying,“Honey,youknowwhatistherightthingtodo.”注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式作答。MyfatherseemedverypleasedwhenItookthesaladtohim.

Feelingguilty,Idecidedtodotherightthing.

参考答案UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了已逝画家宋步云的作品在中央美术学院博物馆里展出的情况。1.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“CulturallandmarksfrozenintimearedisplayedinSong’sBeijinglandscapeseries,picturingthepeacefulatmosphereofthecity’shistoricalspotsoverthecourseofayear,suchasTiantan.”可知,他的作品集中于北京的文化地标。2.C细节理解题。根据第五段“Dyingin1992,Songdidn’thaveachancetoshowthisbodyofworkduringhislifetime.Itwaseightyearslaterthatthesepaintingsweremadepublicforthefirsttimeatanexhibitionheldinhismemory.(逝世于1992年,宋没有机会在他的有生之年里展出他的作品。8年后这些绘画作品才在一个为了纪念他而举办的画展中首次公开)”可知,在2000年公众才首次看到他的作品。3.D细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“CombiningskillsofChineseandWesternart,...Songinjectedrichemotions,allowinghisworktostandthetestoftime.”可知,宋的作品能历经时间考验是因为他作品中的艺术技巧和注入的情感。4.A主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了已逝画家宋步云的作品正在中央美术学院博物馆里展出,对他的记录老北京历史景观的作品做了简单介绍,尤其是他的中西方结合的绘画技巧与他融入画中的情感,使他的作品能历经时间的考验,因此,A项“Frozenintime:anoldBeijinginSongBuyun’sexhibition”为本文的最佳标题。【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了第二次世界大战大屠杀幸存者Miriam的求学故事。战争的爆发使她失去了上学的机会,战争时期的苦难没有打倒她,她一直坚持自学、读书,她的故事感动了新英格兰犹太学院和学生,授予了她荣誉文凭,帮她完成了夙愿。5.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“‘Iwaslookingforwardtostartingschool.’Shenevermadeit.Andnothavingadegreehasalwaysbeenathorninherside.”可知,她一直期待去上学,但却因为战争没能上学,这是令她感到遗憾的。6.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“RichardNabel,theprincipaloftheschool,broughtafewseniorstudentstoMiriam’shometohearherstorybeforetheycameupwiththeideaofpresentingheranhonorarydiplomaattheschool’s2020graduationceremony.”可知,校长了解了Miriam的故事后,决定给予她荣誉文凭,帮助她完成梦想。7.C推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“butshelearnedsevenlanguagesovertheyears.‘Ieducatedmyself,’shesays.‘Ireadbooksdayandnight.Istilldo.’”可知,她虽然不能接受正规教育,但仍然坚持学习、读书。由此推测,她是一个有决心的人。8.B句意理解题。根据下文的“Miriam’sfamilywasespeciallymoved.”可知,她能够得到文凭是令人感动的。因此猜测,“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyes”的意思是“很多人都很感动”,故选B项。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者怀念一位去世多年的老师,从这位老师身上学到的求知精神影响了作者很多年。1.B根据上文“Ihaveputthisletteroffforfartoolong.Iknowyoupassedawaymanyyearsago”可知,这是作者写给已故老师的信,此处指读到(reading)这封信的其他人。2.A根据下文“it’stoolateforhim