2026年广东省广州市增城区中考英语适应性试卷（二）

第1页（共1页）2026年广东省广州市增城区中考英语适应性试卷（二）一、语法选择（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）（15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi？Perhapsmostofusdidn'tknowthisgreatname1shewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.ShelivedintheQingDynasty，wheneducationalchancesforgirlswerevery2.Yet，with3family'sstrongsupport，shestartedaspecialjourneyofteachingherself，provingthattruelearningoftenbeginswithpersonalcuriosity.Whenshewasyoung，she4toreadwidelyfromthehomelibrary，whichcontainedbooksonmanydifferentsubjects.Thisearlyencouragementhelpedbuild5stronginterestinastronomy.Unlikemanypeople，sherefused6unscientificideasabouteventslikelunareclipses（月食）."Imustseethetruth7myowneyes，"shetoldherself.Shekeptthisthoughtinmind8whiledoingherexperimentslateintotheevening.Herwayofworkingwasseriousand9，alwaysstepbystep.Tofindouthowalunareclipsehappens，sheplacedsimpleobjectsinherroom，creatingasmallmodelofthesolarsystem.Shemovedaroundtable，alamp，andamirrorslowly10themovementsoftheEarth，Sun，andMoon，demonstratingthecauseoftheeclipse.Throughthissimplebutclevermodel，sheexplained11sunlightisshadedduringthisevent，makingacomplexideaeasytounderstand.Herimportant12tosciencewasrealizedmainlythroughwriting.She13manyclearandhelpfularticles.Evenordinarypeoplecouldunderstanddifficultideaswithoutneedingspecialtraining.Herlifewasshort，14herbravemindandclearthinkingleftalastingmarkonChinesescience.Today，herstorycontinuestoteachusthatwe15overcomeproblemsandachievegreatthingsthroughcuriosity，hardwork，andabeliefinourselves.1.A.unlessB.becauseC.afterD.until2.A.muchB.littleC.fewD.many3.A.sheB.herC.hersD.herself4.A.allowedB.wasallowedC.haveallowedD.willallow5.A.aB.anC.theD./6.A.believeB.believingC.tobelieveD.believed7.A.throughB.byC.inD.with8.A.quietB.quietenC.quietlyD.quietness9.A.patientB.patientlyC.morepatientD.morepatiently10.A.copyB.tocopyC.copyingD.copied11.A.howB.whenC.whatD.where12.A.contributeB.contributesC.contributedD.contribution13.A.writeB.writesC.wroteD.willwrite14.A.andB.butC.soD.or15.A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would二、完形填空（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）（10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ItwasNewYear'sEve.Thatmorning，IheardGrandmatellMumsheneededa"football"forthedinner."Afootballfordinner？What'sitfor？"I16.Asparkof17litupinsideme."I'llgetoneforGrandma!"IrememberedmyfriendJoehadanoldfootball.Withoutthinking，Iwentoutandfoundhim.Tomyrelief，heagreedto18itformyfavouritemodelcar.Itookthefootballhome，shoneitandputitonthelivingroomtablesecretly.ThenIwaitedinmyroom，fullof19forGrandma'sreaction.Suddenly，Mum'svoicebrokethesilence."Mike!"shecalledsharply.Irushedout，onlytofindherpointingatthefootball."Whyisthishere？Getitout!"shesaid."Butit'sforGrandma!"Iexplained20inalowvoice，"Shesaidsheneededit!"Mum'sfrownsoftenedintoasmile，thenlaughter."Oh，Mike，"shesaidgently."Grandmaneedsafruitbowl，notafootball!"Myheartsank."Fruitbowl…football…"Iwhispered.Theydidsoundsimilar.Feeling21，Ihurriedbacktomyroom.Beforedinner，Mumcametogetme."Come，yourunclesandauntsarehere."WhenIenteredthelivingroom，Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes.There，inthecenterofabeautifulfruitbowl，wasmy22.Grandmawassmilingasshepointedittoeveryone."LookwhatMikegaveme，"shesaidwarmly，"It'sareminderthatthebestgiftscomefromtheheart，eveniftheyseem23atfirst."Thatnight，Ilearnedthatevenmistakescanhave24meaning.Yearslater，thefootballstillsatinthatbowl，alastingsymbolthatlove，notperfection，iswhattruly25afamilytogether.16.A.answeredB.explainedC.agreedD.wondered17.A.hopeB.dreamC.courageD.talent18.A.buyB.lendC.exchangeD.repair19.A.trustB.fearC.regretD.expectation20.A.proudlyB.nervouslyC.calmlyD.correctly21.A.puzzledB.embarrassedC.angryD.tired22.A.modelB.dinnerC.footballD.gift23.A.strangeB.happyC.warmD.common24.A.clearB.deepC.simpleD.public25.A.leavesB.takesC.findsD.holds三、阅读（共两节；满分30分）第一节阅读理解（共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从26～40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。（6分）①ElectriccarsonsaleOurcompanyisgladtoworkwiththecommunitycommitteeandmakegreenlivingmoreaffordable.Herearethisweek'sspecialdiscountsonelectriccars.ModelNameSeats（driverincluded）RegularPriceDiscountGreenGo2＄10，00020%offLux55＄30，00010%off●Worriedaboutcharging？Weofferfreehomechargingstationstoallbuyers!●Don'tknowhowtodealwithyouroldcar？Weofferhigh﹣valuerecyclingservicesataverylowcost!②Say"NO"toloudnoise!Manyneighborshavecomplainedthattheconstructionsitenearbyistoonoisy，especiallyinthemorningandatnight.Youareinvitedtosignyournamebelow.Thisasksthecompanytoreducenoiseandfollowfairworkinghoursaccordingtothelaw（9a.m.﹣5p.m.onweekdaysonly）.Signhereby1p.m.thisSundaytoexpressyoursupport.Yourvoicematters!③CometomeetthenewfriendHey!AnewmembercalledMr.Pandacomestoourcommunity.It'sarecyclingbinforcollectingoldclothesorschooluniformsforthoseinneed.Ifyouhavesomestillingoodcondition，insteadofthrowingthemaway，"feed"thepandawiththem.Bydoingthis，weavoidwasteandalsohelpothers.Volunteersareherefrom7a.m.to8p.m.everyday!④Let'sCarpool!Hi，I'mJack!Doyouwanttosharearide？Ihaveroomforonemorepassengerinmycar.Thedrivetakesaround15minutes.●Leavetime：7：30a.m.everyday●Route：FromourcommunitytoCenterSquare●Cost：＄5perpersonperday●Tel：133﹣749﹣211226.Ifyouwanttobuya5﹣seatelectriccarwiththediscount，howmuchdoyouneedtopay.A.＄30，000B.＄27，000C.＄10，000D.＄8，00027.Accordingtothelaw，theconstructioncompanycanworkA.at10a.m.onMondaB.at1p.m.onSundayC.at7a.m.onThursdayD.at8p.m.onWednesday28.Amongtheneighborsbelow，whoisJackmostlikelytosharearidewith？A.IworkasalawyernearCenterSquareandhavetoreachby8：00a.m.B.Iamanurseinacommunityhospital.Istartworkat7：00a.m.everyday.C.WearetwinbrotherswhostudynearCenterSquare.Weleavehomeat7：30a.m.D.IworkinCenterSquareandstartworkat8：00a.m.Couldyougivemeafreeride？29．（8分）Asthedayswentby，Wilburgrewandgrew.Heatethreebigmealsaday.Hespentlonghourslyingonhisside，halfasleep，dreamingpleasantdreams.Heenjoyedgoodhealthandheputonalotofweight.Oneafternoon，theoldestsheepwalkedintothebarn（畜棚）andstoppedtopayacallonWilbur."Hello!"shesaid."Seemstomeyou'reputtingonweight.""Yes，IguessIam，"repliedWilbur."Atmyageit'sagoodideatokeepgrowing.""Ireallydon'tagreewithyou，"saidtheoldsheep，"Youknowwhythey'refatteningyouup，don'tyou？""No，"saidWilbur."Well，Idon'tliketospreadbadnews，"saidthesheep，"butthey'refatteningyouupbecausethey'regoingtokillyou，that'swhy.""Killyou.Turnyouintosmokedbacon（熏猪肉）andham，"continuedtheoldsheep."Almostallyoungpigsgetkilledbythefarmersassoonasthecoldweathersetsin.Everyoneisonthelist—Lurvy，Zuckerman，evenJohnArable.""Stop!"screamedWilbur."Idon'twanttodie!Saveme，somebody!Saveme!""Bequiet，Wilbur!"saidCharlotte，thespider，whowasthebestfriendofWilbur."Ican'tbequiet，"screamedWilbur，jumpingupanddown."Idon'twanttobekilled.Idon'twanttodie.Isittruewhattheoldsheepsays，Charlotte？Isittruetheyaregoingtokillmewhenthecoldweathercomes？WillIdie？""Well，"saidthespider，thoughtforawhileatherweb，"theoldsheephasseenmanypoorpigskilled.Ifshesaystheyplantokillyou，I'msureit'strue.""Idon'twanttodie，"hecriedsadly，throwinghimselftotheground，"Iwanttostayalive，righthereinmycomfortablebarnwithallmyfriends.Iwanttobreathethebeautifulairandlieinthebeautifulsun.""Youshallnotdie，"saidCharlotte，briskly."What？Really？"criedWilbur."Who'sgoingtosaveme？""Iam，"saidCharlotte."How？"askedWilbur."Thatremainstobeseen."Charlottesmiled.（AnexcerptfromCharlotte'sWeb）（1）WhydidtheoldsheeptellWilburthetruth？A.Tomakehimafraid.B.Tohelphimfacethefact.C.ToaskCharlottetohelpsavehim.D.Tostophimfromeatingtoomuch.（2）HowdidWilbur'sfeelingschangeinthetext？A.Sad→afraid→calm→cheerful.B.Glad→scared→upset→hopeful.C.Happy→relaxed→proud→thankful.D.Excited→nervous→brave→peaceful.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Idon'twanttodie!"infer？A.Wilburfailedtotakeothers'advice.B.Wilburfeltexcitedaboutgrowingup.C.Wilburdidn'tbelieveCharlotte'swords.D.Wilburwastoofrightenedtoacceptthereality.（4）Whatmighthappennextaccordingtothestory？A.Wilburwaskilledbyfarmersinwinter.B.Wilburwassurelysavedbytheoldsheep.C.CharlottesavedWilburandhewasstillalive.D.FarmerswereangrywithCharlotteandkilledher.（8分）Labubudollsarehardtofind.Evenatthegiantflagshipstoreoftheirmaker，PopMart，inShanghai，customersaretoldtheyneedtowaitaweekorlonger.Thelovelycreatures，soldin"blindboxes"，arelovednotonlybyChinesechildrenbutalsobyfamouspeopleathomeandabroad.Formanyyears，Chineseshopperslikedtofollowforeignfashionsinmanyareas.Butnow，theyareturningtolocalluxurybrands（奢侈品品牌），topmake﹣uplabelsandmilkteashops.Furthermore，manyofthesebrandsareattractingfansinothercountries.Chinesebrandsarebeginningtowininternationalfans'heartswiththeiruniqueproducts.Asbuyershavebecomemorecarefulaboutspending，cheapbutgood﹣qualitylocalbrandshavegrowninfashion.ButlowerpricesarenottheonlyfactorfortheloveofChinesebrands.Sometimesshoppersarepayingthesameorevenmoreforlocalproducts.Forexample，thebest﹣sellingdrinksatChagee，ateachainthatwaswell﹣likedinNewYorkinApril，aresoldfor15—20yuan，almostthesameasStarbucks'topdrinksinChina.Chineseconsumersarealsonowfarlesscrazyaboutforeigngoodssimplybecausetheyareforeign.TherapidriseofLaopuisanexample.InsteadofcopyingWesternstyle，bothLaopuandChageehavehighlightedtheirChineseness.Ithasworked.ThecompetitionisnotlimitedtoChina.PopMartnowhasstoresinmorethan20countries，includingatleast37inAmerica.Chageewillhavemorethan1，300shopsoutsideChinabytheendoftheyear，upfromalmostnonefouryearsago.Expertsbelievethatthemoreforeignlovethesebrandsget，themorewelcometheybecomewithinChina.ThelikenessofLabubudollsonWesternsocialmediaisthoughttohavemadethemevenmorefamousathome.30.WhatcanwelearnaboutLabubudollsfromthefirstparagraph？A.Peoplehavetowaittogetone.B.Theyareeasytobuyinanystore.C.FewpeopleoutsideChinalovethem.D.TheyaremainlyfashionableinShanghai.31.WhyareChinesebrandsbecomingpreferredaccordingtothepassage？A.TheyfocuslittleonChineseness.B.Theyusuallyfollowforeignfashions.C.Theyareunusualandoffergoodvalue.D.Theyarethecheapestaroundtheworld.32.WhatdoChineseconsumersthinkofforeigngoodsnow？A.Theyarefarcrazieraboutthem.B.Theythinkforeigngoodsareofbetterquality.C.Theybelieveoverseasproductsarehardertobeat.D.Theycarelessaboutthemforbeingforeign﹣made.33.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph？A.Chinesebrandscarealotaboutforeignmarkets.B.LabubudollsarefamousonWesternsocialmedia.C.ForeignsocialmediaisunimportantforChinesebrands.D.Beingwell﹣likedabroadhelpsbrandswinmorefansinChina.（8分）Duringadifficultweekatwork，Maxinefoundherselftypingasimplerequest，"Canyougivemeapeptalk？"Theanswerdidn'tcomefromafriend，butfromanAIchatbot."Ihearyou，"itwrote."You'vegotthis."Eventhoughthechatbothadnorealfeelings，Maxinefeltcomforted.Today，moreandmorepeopleareturningtoAIforfriendshiporevenlifepartners.ArecentreportsuggeststhatalmostoneinfivepeopleintheUKhasaskedAIforhelponpersonalproblems.Butwhyisthishappening，andisitsafeforouremotionalhealth？AnysenseofemotionalconnectionwithAIisactuallyaresultofcleverprogramming.TheseAIsystemsaretrainedonhugeamountsofhuman﹣producedtexts.Theyaredesignedtomirrorhumancommunicationpatterns，makingthemseemcaringandunderstanding.Theycanrecalldetailsfrompasttalksandusewarmlanguagetocreateasenseofintimacy.ThisgrowingdependenceonAIcomesatatimeofa"lonelinessepidemic（流行病）."In2025，asurveyfoundthat25%ofadultsfeellonelyoften.Withlimitedchancestomeetpeopleinperson，thedependablecompanyofanAIseemsmoreattractivethanever.However，AIrelationshipshaveweaknesses.MostAIservicesarebuilttokeepusersengagedformoney.Theyuseresponsesthatencouragepeopletokeeptalking，whichcanleadtounhealthyconnections.Also，AImodelsoftentrytoagreewithwhateverwesay.Whilethismakesthem"goodlisteners"，itcanturnourtalksintoan"echochamber"ofacceptance.Wemightlosethechancetodevelopkeysocialskills，suchasmanagingargumentsorhearingdifferentopinions.AIisheretostay.Thegoalistolearnhowtouseitasasupportingtool，ratherthanasareplacementforrealhumanconnection.AsMaxinesuggests，weshouldrememberthatAIresponsesareunreal.Itisimportanttoknowwhentostepawayandreconnectwiththerealworld.34.WhydomanypeopleturntoAIaccordingtothepassage？A.AIchatbotscanwhollyreplacerealfriends.B.AIchatbotscostlessmoneythanrealrelationshipsC.Peoplefeellonelyandlackrealsocialconnections.D.Peoplefeeltiredandwanttotestnewtechnologyforfun.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"intimacy"inparagraph3probablymean？A.distanceB.successC.pressureD.closeness36.WhatmayhappenifpeopledependtoomuchonAIchatbots？A.Theymaypreferchattingwithpeople.B.Theymaygiveupusingonlineinformation.C.Theymayfindrealrelationshipsmorechallenging.D.Theymaybecomemoreconfidentinsocialsituations.37.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.TheHistoryofAIChatbotsB.AI：ANewLightoraNewRisk？C.HowtoTrainYourOwnAIPartnerD.TheEndofLonelinessintheDigitalAge第二节阅读填空（共1小题；每小题5分，满分5分）（5分）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Imaginetakingalongtripinspacefullofmicrogravityandradiation（辐射）.38That'swhywesendanimalsintospace.39ThisisChina'sfirsttimesendingmiceforexperiments，afterearliermissionswithzebrafishandfruitflies.Whenthemicereturn，scientistswillstudyhowspaceaffectstheirbodies.40Thesemicewerechosenafter60daysoftraining.Theypassedphysicaltests，likeridingon"exercisebike"，andcognitivetests，suchassolvingpuzzles.Miceareperfectforspaceresearchbecausetheysharebiologicalsimilaritieswithhumans，needlittleroomandreproducequickly.41Sixmonthsinspaceforamouseislikeover10yearsforahuman.Thisallowsscientiststopredictlong﹣termspaceeffectsonhumansinjustmonths，ratherthanyears.Internationally，sendinganimalstospacebeganinthelate1940s.Itwastoseeifanylifecouldsurvivethehighrocketspeedsortheweightlessnessandradiationinspace.42Theanimals'workishelpingusunderstandhowtoliveabetterlifeinspace，makingitahealthierreality，aswellashelpingusstudysomediseasesthataffectusdownonEarth.A．Also，theyhaveshortlifetime.B．Today，studiesgobeyondsurvival.C．Noteverymousecanbean"astronaut".D．Howwouldyoustayhealthyinsuchtoughsituations？E．OnOctober31，2025，China'sShenzhouXXImissioncarriedfourmiceintospace.四、写作（共三节；满分5分）第一节语篇填词（共1小题；每小题5分，满分5分）（5分）根据下面短文及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）Playingwithtoysisanessentialpartofchildhood.Whathappenstothetoysthatarenolongerenjoyed？Manypeoplechoosetorenttoysforchildren.Itisbecomingmoreandmorep43，butpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.Manythinkit'sasmartchoicebecauseit'senvironmentallyfriendly.Whentoysareshared，notsomanyneedtobeproduced，whichsavesresources.Thisalsohelpsfamilieskeephomescleanandt44.However，othershaveworries.Theybelievesharedtoysmustbewashedc45aftereachusetokeepchildrensafe.Someexpertsalsosaythatoftenchangingtoysp46kidsfromformingrealconnectionswiththeirplaythings.Fortheser47someparentsdecidetobuybettertoysinstead，orpassoldonestofriends.Eachfamilymustconsiderwhatworksbestfortheirchildren.第二节完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）48．（2分）上周，许多学生参加了学校的环保项目。Lastweek，manystudentstheschoolenvironmentalproject.49．（2分）项目如此有趣，让我们大开眼界。Theprojectwasitreallyopenedoureyes.50．（2分）一些用过的塑料瓶被做成了美丽的艺术品。Someusedplasticbottlesbeautifulworksofart.51．（2分）看到这些创意成果，多么令人惊讶啊！itwastoseethesecreativeachievements!52．（2分）杜云很好奇她是否能在项目中展示她的作品。DuYunwascuriousherworkintheproject.第三节书面表达（共1题；满分15分）53．（15分）古韵流芳，美育同行。你校英语社团即将举办ChineseTraditionalArtShow（中国传统艺术展演），现面向全校师生征集活动创意。假如你是李华，请用英语给社团公众号投稿，推荐一项具体活动并阐述理由。Yourarticleshouldinclude：●Whatactivitydoyouadvisetohold？●Whatcanstudentsdointhisactivity？●Whydoyousuggestthisactivity？注意：1.短文需包含征集要求的三点内容，并可适当拓展信息；2.词数80词左右；3.不得透露学校、姓名等任何真实个人信息，否则不予评分。IamLiHuafromClass1，Grade9.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2026年广东省广州市增城区中考英语适应性试卷（二）一、语法选择（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）（15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi？Perhapsmostofusdidn'tknowthisgreatname（1）DshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.ShelivedintheQingDynasty，wheneducationalchancesforgirlswerevery（2）C.Yet，with（3）Bfamily'sstrongsupport，shestartedaspecialjourneyofteachingherself，provingthattruelearningoftenbeginswithpersonalcuriosity.Whenshewasyoung，she（4）Btoreadwidelyfromthehomelibrary，whichcontainedbooksonmanydifferentsubjects.Thisearlyencouragementhelpedbuild（5）Astronginterestinastronomy.Unlikemanypeople，sherefused（6）Cunscientificideasabouteventslikelunareclipses（月食）."Imustseethetruth（7）Dmyowneyes，"shetoldherself.Shekeptthisthoughtinmind（8）Cwhiledoingherexperimentslateintotheevening.Herwayofworkingwasseriousand（9）A，alwaysstepbystep.Tofindouthowalunareclipsehappens，sheplacedsimpleobjectsinherroom，creatingasmallmodelofthesolarsystem.Shemovedaroundtable，alamp，andamirrorslowly（10）BthemovementsoftheEarth，Sun，andMoon，demonstratingthecauseoftheeclipse.Throughthissimplebutclevermodel，sheexplained（11）Asunlightisshadedduringthisevent，makingacomplexideaeasytounderstand.Herimportant（12）Dtosciencewasrealizedmainlythroughwriting.She（13）Cmanyclearandhelpfularticles.Evenordinarypeoplecouldunderstanddifficultideaswithoutneedingspecialtraining.Herlifewasshort，（14）BherbravemindandclearthinkingleftalastingmarkonChinesescience.Today，herstorycontinuestoteachusthatwe（15）Aovercomeproblemsandachievegreatthingsthroughcuriosity，hardwork，andabeliefinourselves.1.A.unlessB.becauseC.afterD.until2.A.muchB.littleC.fewD.many3.A.sheB.herC.hersD.herself4.A.allowedB.wasallowedC.haveallowedD.willallow5.A.aB.anC.theD./6.A.believeB.believingC.tobelieveD.believed7.A.throughB.byC.inD.with8.A.quietB.quietenC.quietlyD.quietness9.A.patientB.patientlyC.morepatientD.morepatiently10.A.copyB.tocopyC.copyingD.copied11.A.howB.whenC.whatD.where12.A.contributeB.contributesC.contributedD.contribution13.A.writeB.writesC.wroteD.willwrite14.A.andB.butC.soD.or15.A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would【解答】（1）考查连词。句意：或许在央视节目介绍她之前，我们大多数人都不知道这个伟大的名字。unless除非；because因为；after在……之后；until直到。固定结构not…until…：直到……才……，此处表示知道央视节目介绍，大家才知道这个伟大的名字，用until。故选D。（2）考查形容词。句意：她生活在清朝，那时女孩子受教育的机会非常少。much许多，修饰不可数名词；little少的，修饰不可数名词；few少的，修饰可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数。chances（机会）是可数名词复数，根据ShelivedintheQingDynasty（她生活在清朝）可知，清朝那时女孩子受教育的机会非常少，few修饰可数名词表否定"少、几乎没有"；故选C。（3）考查句意：然而，在家人的大力支持下，她开始了自我学习的旅程。she她，人称代词主格；her她、她的，人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。空后有名词family，需要形容词性物主代词her作定语；故选B。（4）考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：年少时，她被允许在家中的藏书室广泛阅读。allowed允许，动词过去式或过去分词；wasallowed一般过去时被动语态；haveallowed现在完成时；willallow一般将来时。主语she和allow是被动关系"被准许"，全文过去时态，一般过去时被动语态wasallowed；故选B。（5）考查不定冠词。句意：这份早年的熏陶帮她培养出了浓厚的天文学兴趣。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。固定搭配buildaninterest"产生兴趣"，strong辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；故选A。（6）考查动词不定式。句意：和很多人不同，她拒绝相信月食相关的不科学说法。believe相信，动词原形；believing动名词；tobelieve动词不定式；believed过去式或过去分词。固定搭配refusetodosth.拒绝做某事，不定式作宾语，用tobelieve。故选C。（7）考查介词。句意：我必须亲眼看清真相。through穿过；by凭借；in在……里面；with和……一起。固定搭配withone'sowneyes亲眼；故选D。（8）考查副词。句意：她深夜做实验时，一直默默秉持这个想法。quiet形容词；quieten动词；quietly副词；quietness名词。空格修饰动词短语"keptthisthoughtinmind（秉持这个想法）"，需副词quietly；故选C。（9）考查形容词。句意：她治学严谨且有耐心，做事循序渐进。patient耐心的，形容词；patiently耐心地，副词；morepatient更耐心的，形容词比较级；morepatiently更耐心地，副词比较级；and连接并列形容词，和serious并列用原级形容词patient；故选A。（10）考查动词不定式。句意：她缓慢挪动圆桌、台灯和镜子来模拟日月地的运行。copy模仿，动词原形；tocopy动词不定式；copying动名词；copied动词过去式。根据题干可知，这里是动词不定式tocopy作目的状语，表挪动物品的目的。故选B。（11）考查疑问词。句意：借助这个精巧简易的模型，她解释了月食时太阳光如何被遮挡。how怎样、如何；when何时、what什么、where何地。根据句意可知，此处指解释月食时太阳光如何被遮挡，宾语从句缺方式状语"如何、怎样"用how；故选A。（12）考查名词。句意：她对科学的重要贡献主要体现在著作上。contribute贡献，动词原形；contributes动词的第三人称单数形式；contributed动词过去式；contribution名词。空前important（重要的）是形容词，修饰名词，contribution名词"贡献"；故选D。（13）考查动词过去式。句意：她撰写了许多清晰有用的文章。write写，动词原形；writes动词的第三人称单数形式；wrote动词过去式；willwrite一般将来时。全文讲述过去的生平，一般过去时，write过去式wrote；故选C。（14）考查连词。句意：她的一生很短暂，但她果敢的思想与缜密的思考在中国科学史上留下深远影响。and和，表示并列；but但是，表示转折；so因此，表示因果；or或者，表示选择。根据句意可知，前后分句转折关系：生命短，但成就深远，用but；故选B。（15）考查情态动词。句意：如今她的故事告诉我们：凭借好奇心、实干与自信，我们能够克服困难、创造伟大的成就。can能够；must必须；should应该；would将会。根据overcomeproblemsandachievegreatthings（克服困难、创造伟大的成就）可知，她的故事告诉我们：凭借好奇心、实干与自信，我们能够克服困难、创造伟大的成就；此处表示能力，can"能够"符合；故选A。二、完形填空（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）（10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ItwasNewYear'sEve.Thatmorning，IheardGrandmatellMumsheneededa"football"forthedinner."Afootballfordinner？What'sitfor？"I（16）D.Asparkof（17）Alitupinsideme."I'llgetoneforGrandma!"IrememberedmyfriendJoehadanoldfootball.Withoutthinking，Iwentoutandfoundhim.Tomyrelief，heagreedto（18）Citformyfavouritemodelcar.Itookthefootballhome，shoneitandputitonthelivingroomtablesecretly.ThenIwaitedinmyroom，fullof（19）DforGrandma'sreaction.Suddenly，Mum'svoicebrokethesilence."Mike!"shecalledsharply.Irushedout，onlytofindherpointingatthefootball."Whyisthishere？Getitout!"shesaid."Butit'sforGrandma!"Iexplained（20）Binalowvoice，"Shesaidsheneededit!"Mum'sfrownsoftenedintoasmile，thenlaughter."Oh，Mike，"shesaidgently."Grandmaneedsafruitbowl，notafootball!"Myheartsank."Fruitbowl…football…"Iwhispered.Theydidsoundsimilar.Feeling（21）B，Ihurriedbacktomyroom.Beforedinner，Mumcametogetme."Come，yourunclesandauntsarehere."WhenIenteredthelivingroom，Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes.There，inthecenterofabeautifulfruitbowl，wasmy（22）C.Grandmawassmilingasshepointedittoeveryone."LookwhatMikegaveme，"shesaidwarmly，"It'sareminderthatthebestgiftscomefromtheheart，eveniftheyseem（23）Aatfirst."Thatnight，Ilearnedthatevenmistakescanhave（24）Bmeaning.Yearslater，thefootballstillsatinthatbowl，alastingsymbolthatlove，notperfection，iswhattruly（25）Dafamilytogether.16.A.answeredB.explainedC.agreedD.wondered17.A.hopeB.dreamC.courageD.talent18.A.buyB.lendC.exchangeD.repair19.A.trustB.fearC.regretD.expectation20.A.proudlyB.nervouslyC.calmlyD.correctly21.A.puzzledB.embarrassedC.angryD.tired22.A.modelB.dinnerC.footballD.gift23.A.strangeB.happyC.warmD.common24.A.clearB.deepC.simpleD.public25.A.leavesB.takesC.findsD.holds【解答】（1）考查动词。句意："晚饭要足球？干什么用的？"我很疑惑。answered回答；explained解释；agreed同意；wondered想知道。根据Afootballfordinner？What'sitfor？（晚饭要足球？干什么用的？）可知，"我"对此感到疑惑，想弄清楚原因，故选D。（2）考查名词。句意：一丝希望在我心中点燃。hope希望；dream梦想；courage勇气；talent天赋。根据I'llgetoneforGrandma!（我给奶奶弄到一个！）可知，"我"决定帮奶奶弄到"足球"，内心燃起了希望，故选A。（3）考查动词。句意：他同意用我最喜欢的模型车来交换。buy买；lend借；exchange交换；repair修理。根据formyfavouritemodelcar（我最喜欢的模型车）可知，Joe同意用足球交换模型车，故选C。（4）考查名词。句意：满怀期待地等着奶奶的反应。trust信任；fear恐惧；regret后悔；expectation期待。根据ThenIwaitedinmyroom（然后我在房间里等着）可知，"我"把足球放好后满怀期待地等奶奶看到，故选D。（5）考查副词。句意：我低声紧张地解释。proudly骄傲地；nervously紧张地；calmly冷静地；correctly正确地。根据inalowvoice（低声）以及妈妈严厉的语气可知，"我"当时很紧张，故选B。（6）考查形容词。句意：感到很尴尬，我赶紧跑回房间。puzzled困惑的；embarrassed尴尬的；angry生气的；tired累的。根据Mom解释后"我"才知道听错了，把fruitbowl听成football，感到很尴尬，故选B。（7）考查名词。句意：在一个漂亮水果碗的中央，放着我的足球。model模型；dinner晚餐；football足球；gift礼物。根据上文，"我"换来的是足球，奶奶把它放在水果碗里展示，故选C。（8）考查形容词。句意：即使一开始看起来很奇怪。strange奇怪的；happy开心的；warm温暖的；common普通的。根据上文，"我"送足球而不是水果碗，起初确实很奇怪，但奶奶说最好的礼物来自内心，故选A。（9）考查形容词。句意：我学到了即使错误也有深刻的意义。clear清晰的；deep深刻的；simple简单的；public公开的。根据下文alastingsymbol（持久的象征）可知，这个错误被赋予了深层含义，故选B。（10）考查动词。句意：爱，而非完美，才是真正维系家庭的力量。leaves离开；takes带走；finds找到；holds维系。hold...together意为"把……维系在一起"，符合语境，故选D。三、阅读（共两节；满分30分）第一节阅读理解（共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从26～40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。（6分）①ElectriccarsonsaleOurcompanyisgladtoworkwiththecommunitycommitteeandmakegreenlivingmoreaffordable.Herearethisweek'sspecialdiscountsonelectriccars.ModelNameSeats（driverincluded）RegularPriceDiscountGreenGo2＄10，00020%offLux55＄30，00010%off●Worriedaboutcharging？Weofferfreehomechargingstationstoallbuyers!●Don'tknowhowtodealwithyouroldcar？Weofferhigh﹣valuerecyclingservicesataverylowcost!②Say"NO"toloudnoise!Manyneighborshavecomplainedthattheconstructionsitenearbyistoonoisy，especiallyinthemorningandatnight.Youareinvitedtosignyournamebelow.This