河北省衡水市武强县部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省衡水市武强县部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWeliveinaonceunimaginableworldofmusic.Ifyouareinterestedinmusic,maybeyouarelikelytolearnaboutsomealbums(专辑)createdbythefamousartists.Herearefourvaluablealbumsforsomeofthemostimportantartistsofthepopage.ExodusbyBobMarleyIn1976,BobMarleyleftforLondonandproducedoneofthemostpoliticallyurgentrecordsofhiscareer,1977’sExodus.Ayearaftertherelease(发行)ofExodus,Marleysufferedfromakindofcancerthatwouldfinallyendhislifein1981.Thealbumstandsashisbestlate-careerwork.KindofBluebyMilesDavisBy1959,MilesDaviswasreachinganewperiod.Anewform—modaljazz—attractedhim.Hedecidedtoformanewgroup,callingonmusiciansincludingJohnColtraneandBillEvanstomakeanall-starband.Theresultingalbumpublishedinthesameyearrunsthroughabriefhistoryofmodernjazz.ZombiebyFelaKutiOverZombie’sfouralbums,Kutiandhisbandusethepoweroftheirmusictosendanimportantmessageofresistance(反抗).Thealbumreleasedin1977wassuccessfulbutnotwithoutresults:theNigeriangovernmentexplodedintoanger.HejirabyJoniMitchellAheartbreakalbum,1971’sBlueisoftenviewedasMitchell'smostclassicwork.Buthereighthalbum,publishedin1976,isanothertoweringwork,oneinwhichMitchellputherpreviousmultiplesongstogethertocreatesomethingsofullyrealizedthatshesaid“Hejiracouldhaveonlycomefromme”.1.WhatisthefocusofKindofBlue?A.ThehistoryofAfricanmusic. B.Thestoryofanewgroup.C.Thepoliticalmessagesitcommunicates. D.Theexplorationofmodernjazz.2.WhatdoExodusandZombieshare?A.Theywerebothreleasedin1977. B.Theywerebothcreatedbyaband.C.Theybothexplorepersonalemotions. D.Theybothannoyedthegovernment.3.WhatisspecialaboutHejira?A.ItismorepopularthanBlue. B.Itisbasedontheartist’spastworks.C.Itwasinspiredbytheartist'sstruggles. D.Itfeaturesdifferentmusicstylescombined.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了四张著名艺术家的专辑。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresultingalbumpublishedinthesameyearrunsthroughabriefhistoryofmodernjazz.(同年出版的这张专辑贯穿了现代爵士乐的简短历史)”可知，KindofBlue的核心是对现代爵士乐的探索。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“1977’sExodus”以及第四段“Thealbumreleasedin1977wassuccessfulbutnotwithoutresults(1977年发行的这张专辑很成功，但并非没有结果)”可知，Exodus和Zombie都是在1977年发行的。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Buthereighthalbum,publishedin1976,isanothertoweringwork,oneinwhichMitchellputherpreviousmultiplesongstogethertocreatesomethingsofullyrealizedthatshesaid“Hejiracouldhaveonlycomefromme”.(但她1976年发行的第八张专辑是另一部杰出的作品，在这张专辑中，米切尔将她之前的多首歌曲融合在一起，创作出了一部完整的作品，以至于她说“Hejira”只能出自于我)”可知，Hejira的特别之处在于它是基于艺术家过去的作品创作的。故选B。BMysenioryearatWestfieldHighSchoolwassupposedtobethebestyearofmylife.Instead,itturnedintoalessonaboutfriendshipthatIwouldneverforget.Mybestfriend,Emily,andIhadbeeninseparablesincemiddleschool.Butasgraduationapproached,thestressofexamsandcollegeapplicationsbegantoweighheavilyonus.EmilyandIbecamedistant.Ifocusedongettingintoatopuniversity,whileEmilywasmoreinterestedinenjoyingourlastyeartogether.Ourdifferentgoalsledtodisagreements,andsoonenough,westartedtoargueoverthesmallestthings.Oneday,thingsreachedaboilingpoint.Wehadahugefightoveragroupproject.Daysturnedintoweeks,andourfriendshipseemedbeyondrepair.Weavoidedeachotheratschoolandstoppedsittingtogetheratlunch.Ourfriendstriedtohelp,butneitherofuswaswillingtomakethefirstmove.Thesilencebetweenuswasdeafening,andImissedhermorethanIwantedtoadmit.Itwasn’tuntilourEnglishteacherassignedustoworktogetheronafinalpresentationthatwewereforcedtofaceeachother.Atfirst,weworkedintensesilence.Butaswespentmoretimetogether,theicebegantomelt.Oneevening,aswewerefinishingupourproject,Emilybrokethesilence.“Imissyou,”shesaidsoftly.“Imissyou,too,”Iadmitted,feelingalumpinmythroat.“I'msorryforbeingsohardonyou.Ijustwantedeverythingtobeperfect.”“I’msorrytoo,”Emilyreplied.“Ishouldhavebeenmoreunderstanding.We’rebothstressed,butweshouldn’tletitruinourfriendship.”Wehugged,andatthatmoment,itfeltlikeaweighthadbeenliftedoffmymind.Onthegraduationday,westoodsidebyside,proudofwhatwehadaccomplishedandgratefultoeachother.Theexperiencemadeourbondstronger,andweknewthatnomatterwherelifetookus,wewouldalwaysbethereforeachother.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorandEmilyfromparagraph2?A.Theyenjoyedarguingwitheachother. B.Theirtargetuniversitieswerethesame.C.Theirgoalsdifferedintheirfinalyear. D.Theywerebothexcellentinhighschool.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“makethefirstmove”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Bethefirsttomakeanapology. B.Bethefirsttoendtherelationship.C.Bethefirsttoapproachtheteacher. D.Bethefirsttomovetoanewplace.6.WhathelpedtheauthorandEmilyfinallyrepairtheirrelationship?A.Ateacher’spersuasion. B.Aspeechcompetition.C.Asharedproject. D.Alongtalkbetweenthem.7.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthistext?A.Tointroduceagenerousfriend. B.Toshowatruefriendship.C.Toexplainhowtodealwithstress. D.Todescribetheeffectofsilence.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中最后一年与好友Emily之间因目标不同而产生的矛盾以及最终和解的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Ifocusedongettingintoatopuniversity,whileEmilywasmoreinterestedinenjoyingourlastyeartogether.Ourdifferentgoalsledtodisagreements,andsoonenough,westartedtoargueoverthesmallestthings.(我专注于进入一所顶尖大学，而Emily更感兴趣的是享受我们在一起的最后一年。我们不同的目标导致了分歧，很快，我们开始为最小的事情争吵起来。)”可知，作者和Emily在最后一年的目标不同，这导致了他们的分歧和争吵。故选C项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文的句子“Oneday,thingsreachedaboilingpoint.Wehadahugefightoveragroupproject.Daysturnedintoweeks,andourfriendshipseemedbeyondrepair.Weavoidedeachotheratschoolandstoppedsittingtogetheratlunch.(有一天，事情达到了沸点。我们为了一个小组项目大吵了一架。日子一天天过去，我们的友谊似乎无法修复。我们在学校回避对方，午餐时也不再坐在一起。)”可知，作者和Emily大吵一架后，两个人不再说话。朋友们想帮忙，肯定是想让两个人和好。由划线短语前的转折“butneitherofuswaswillingto”可知，两个人肯定是都不愿意主动行动，向对方道歉，所以此处的makethefirstmove指的是“第一个道歉”。故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Itwasn’tuntilourEnglishteacherassignedustoworktogetheronafinalpresentationthatwewereforcedtofaceeachother.Atfirst,weworkedintensesilence.Butaswespentmoretimetogether,theicebegantomelt.Oneevening,aswewerefinishingupourproject,Emilybrokethesilence.“Imissyou,”shesaidsoftly.“Imissyou,too,”Iadmitted,feelingalumpinmythroat.“I'msorryforbeingsohardonyou.Ijustwantedeverythingtobeperfect.”“I’msorrytoo,”Emilyreplied.(直到我们的英语老师安排我们一起做期末报告，我们才被迫面对面。起初，我们在紧张的沉默中工作。但随着我们在一起的时间越来越长，冰开始融化。一天晚上，当我们正在完成我们的项目时，艾米丽打破了沉默。“我想你，”她温柔地说。“我也想你，”我承认，感觉喉咙哽咽了。“我很抱歉对你这么苛刻。我只是希望一切都能完美。“我也很抱歉，”艾米丽回答。)”可知，一个合作项目帮助作者和Emily最终修复了他们的关系。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“Onthegraduationday,westoodsidebyside,proudofwhatwehadaccomplishedandgratefultoeachother.Theexperiencemadeourbondstronger,andweknewthatnomatterwherelifetookus,wewouldalwaysbethereforeachother.(毕业那天，我们肩并肩站在一起，为我们所取得的成就感到骄傲，也互相感激。这次经历使我们的关系更加紧密，我们知道，无论生活把我们带到哪里，我们都会永远在一起。)”可知，全文通过矛盾与和解的过程，展现了真正的友谊经得起考验，最终更加牢固。因此写作目的是展示真正的友谊。故选B项。CDogshavebeenhumans’bestfriendsforthousandsofyears,andtheirabilitytounderstandusgoesmorethanjustfollowingorders.Dogsarereallygoodatunderstandinghowhumansfeel.They’velearnedtopickuponwordsandfacialexpressionsfromhumans.Arecentstudyhasshownthatdogscanactuallysmellhumanstressandrespond(反应)toitinwaysthatsuggestacloserelationshipwithushumans.Thisinterestingdiscoverythrowslightonhowdeeplycloseourliveshavebecomewithourdogfriends.So,candogsreallysmellstress?Theanswerisyes!ResearchersattheUniversityofBristoldidastudywheretheyfoundthatdogscansensestressthroughachemicalcalledcortisol(皮质醇)inoursweat.Thisabilityallowsthemtorespondemotionallytohumanstress.Inthestudy,18volunteersandtheirdogstookpart.Thesevolunteerswentthroughpublicspeakingandtooktestsofsolvingdifficultmathproblemswithoutanypreparation.Theirworrymademorecortisolappearintheirsweat.Whenthedogssmelledthisstressedsweat,theyfeltlesscuriousandshowedlessinterestinafoodbowlinanuncertainposition,asiftheythoughttherewasnofoodinthosebowls.Itseemsthatdogscanreallyfeelthestressofhumansandtheirownfeelingscanbeaffected,too.Thisshowsthathumansanddogshaveaverydeepconnection,whereemotionscanspreadbetweenuslikeawave.Thenhowdiddogsdevelopsuchabilitytosensestress?Well,itmightbebecausesensingstresshelpeddogssurviveinthepast.Iftheycouldtellwhenanothermemberoftheirgroupwasworriedandstressed,theyknewtheymightbeatrisk.AsZoeParr-Cortes,leadstudyauthorandaPh.D.studentatBristolVeterinarySchool,said,“Beingabletosensestressfromanothermemberofthepackwaslikelybeneficial.”8.Whydidvolunteersinthestudydopublicspeakingandmathtasks?A.Totesttheirsocialskills. B.Toseehowdogswouldhelpthem.C.Toshowtheirabilitytoreducepressure. D.Toraisetheirstressandcortisollevels.9.Whathappenedwhendogssmelledstressinthestudy?A.Theirresponsewasfaster. B.Theystayedawayfromtheirowners.C.Theyfocusedlessonfood. D.Theybarkedtowarnownersofdanger.10.Whatmightbethereasondogsdevelopedtheabilitytosensestress?A.Toavoiddanger. B.Toprotecttheirfood.C.Tohuntmoreeffectively. D.Tobetterunderstandhumans.11.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aguidebookfordogtraining. B.Ascientificresearchreport.C.Anewspaperaboutanimaladventures. D.Amagazineaboutwildlifeprotection.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了狗能嗅出人类的压力这一有趣的发现。文章介绍了相关的研究过程、狗的这种能力对其生存的意义等内容，说明狗与人类之间有着深厚的情感联系。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thesevolunteerswentthroughpublicspeakingandtooktestsofsolvingdifficultmathproblemswithoutanypreparation.Theirworrymademorecortisolappearintheirsweat.(这些志愿者在没有任何准备的情况下进行公开演讲和解决数学难题的测试。他们的担忧使汗液中出现了更多的皮质醇)”可知，让志愿者做这些是为了增加他们的压力和皮质醇水平。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenthedogssmelledthisstressedsweat,theyfeltlesscuriousandshowedlessinterestinafoodbowlinanuncertainposition(当狗闻到这种有压力的汗液时，它们的好奇心降低，对位置不确定的食物碗也不那么感兴趣了)”可知，狗闻到压力时，对食物的关注度会降低。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Well,itmightbebecausesensingstresshelpeddogssurviveinthepast.Iftheycouldtellwhenanothermemberoftheirgroupwasworriedandstressed,theyknewtheymightbeatrisk.(嗯，这可能是因为感知压力有助于狗在过去生存。如果它们能判断出群体中的另一个成员何时感到担忧和压力，它们就知道自己可能处于危险之中)”可知，狗发展出感知压力的能力可能是为了避免危险。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。主要讲述了狗能嗅出人类的压力这一有趣的发现。文章介绍了相关的研究过程、狗的这种能力对其生存的意义等内容，说明狗与人类之间有着深厚的情感联系。属于科学研究报告。故选D。DDidyouknowthatevenifyouexerciseregularly,youmightstillbewhatresearcherscallan“activecouchpotato”?Thinkaboutthis:Ifyouexerciseonceadayfor30to45minutes,youcouldstillspend80%to90%ofyourwakinghourssitting.AstudyinEnglandshowedthatwhileover55%ofadultsmettherecommendedphysicalactivityguidelines,theystillsatforabout10hoursaday.Spendingtoomanyhoursinactiveeachday,includingwatchingTV(aclassiccouchpotatoactivity),canincreasetheriskoffitnessandmorethan30otherchronic(慢性的)illnesses.Inactivityhasalsobeenfoundtoraisechancesofheartdisease.Thisimbalancecancanceloutmanyofthepositiveeffectsofexercising,suchascontrollingbloodsugarandimprovingbloodflowtothelegsandbrain.Justfourtosixhoursofinactivitycancauseadropinanenzyme(酶)thathelpsthebodyusefatforenergy.ResearchersfromNewZealandcomparedpeoplewhosatfor18hourswithoutexercisingwith“activecouchpotatoes”whoexercisedfor30minutesbetweentwonine-hourperiodsofinactivity.Theyalsocomparedthesegroupswithathirdgroupwhodidlightexerciseforjusttwominuteseveryhalfanhour.Thesedentary(久坐不动的)and“activecouchpotato”groupshadhigherbloodsugarlevels,whilethelightexercisegrouphadbetterbloodsugarcontrol.Theresultsofthesestudiespointtothesameconclusion:Nomatterhowactiveyouare,it’simportanttobelessofacouchpotato—oramoreactiveone.So,ifyourNewYear’sresolutionistostartanewexerciseplan,remembertotakebreakstoavoidsittingtoolongbywalkingforafewminutesthroughoutthedaytoo.12.Whatisan“activecouchpotato”accordingtothetext?A.Someonewhoseldomexercises. B.Someonewhofocusesonlightexercise.C.Someonewhoexerciseshardbutissick. D.Someonewhoexercisesdailybutsitsalot.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thebenefitsofregularexercise. B.Theharmoflong-terminactivity.C.Thelinkbetweenenzymeandfitness. D.Theimportanceofbloodsugarcontrol.14.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Byinterviewingparticipants. D.Bymeasuringphysicalresponses.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestforthosewithanewexerciseplan?A.WatchinglessTV. B.Takingwalkingbreaks.C.Tryingdifferentexercises. D.Doingmorehardworks.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述久坐危害大，需减少静坐并增加日常活动。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thinkaboutthis:Ifyouexerciseonceadayfor30to45minutes,youcouldstillspend80%to90%ofyourwakinghourssitting.(试想一下：即便你每天锻炼30到45分钟，醒着的时间里仍有80%到90%是坐着度过的)”可知，activecouchpotato指的是每天锻炼但久坐的人。故选D。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Spendingtoomanyhoursinactiveeachday,includingwatchingTV(aclassiccouchpotatoactivity),canincreasetheriskoffitnessandmorethan30otherchronic(慢性的)illnesses.Inactivityhasalsobeenfoundtoraisechancesofheartdisease.Thisimbalancecancanceloutmanyofthepositiveeffectsofexercising,suchascontrollingbloodsugarandimprovingbloodflowtothelegsandbrain.Justfourtosixhoursofinactivitycancauseadropinanenzyme(酶)thathelpsthebodyusefatforenergy.(每天长时间不活动（包括看电视这类典型的“沙发土豆”行为），不仅会增加肥胖风险，还可能引发30多种慢性疾病。研究发现，久坐不动还会提高患心脏病的几率。这种动静失衡的状态，甚至会抵消运动带来的诸多益处，比如控制血糖水平、促进腿部和脑部血液循环等。值得注意的是，仅仅连续静坐4到6小时，就会导致体内一种帮助脂肪代谢的酶含量下降)”可知，本段主要讨论长期不活动的危害，如慢性病和心脏病风险。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ResearchersfromNewZealandcomparedpeoplewhosatfor18hourswithoutexercisingwith“activecouchpotatoes”whoexercisedfor30minutesbetweentwonine-hourperiodsofinactivity.Theyalsocomparedthesegroupswithathirdgroupwhodidlightexerciseforjusttwominuteseveryhalfanhour.(新西兰研究人员将三组人群进行了对比研究：第一组连续静坐18小时且完全不运动；第二组是“活跃型沙发族”，他们在两段9小时静坐期间进行了30分钟运动；第三组则每隔半小时就进行2分钟的轻度运动)”可知，研究人员通过对比不同活动模式的人群得出结论，即比较对照。故选A。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“So,ifyourNewYear’sresolutionistostartanewexerciseplan,remembertotakebreakstoavoidsittingtoolongbywalkingforafewminutesthroughoutthedaytoo.(因此，若您的新年计划是开启新的锻炼方案，切记要穿插休息时间——不妨每天多次起身走动几分钟，避免久坐伤身)”可知，作者建议在锻炼计划中加入短暂步行以打破久坐。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Learningmathcanbechallenging.However,withpropermethods,itcanbemanageable.Hereareafewtipstohelpyousucceedinmath.PracticeregularlyMathimproveswithregularpractice.It’simportanttosetasidetimeeverydaytoworkonproblems.___16___.Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou’llgetatsolvingproblems.Perseverance(坚持不懈)iskeytobecomingbetteratit.Understandtheconcepts(概念)Don’tjustmemorizeformulas(公式).___17___.Whenyouknowwhysomethingworks,it’smucheasiertoapplyitindifferentsituations.Understandingthebasicconceptswillmakesolvingdifficultproblemsaloteasierandmorestraightforward.Askforhelpwhenneeded___18___.Whetherit’sfromyourteacher,classmates,oratutor,gettingexplanationcanmakeahugedifference.Whenintrouble,don’thesitatetoaskforhelp.Thesooneryouask,thelesslikelyyouaretofeellostlateron.StayorganizedKeepingyournotesandassignmentsneatandorganized.___19___.Italsoallowsyoutotrackyourunderstandingandidentifyareaswhereyou’veimproved.Usedifferentcolorsorheadingstohighlightkeypointsandformulas.BepositiveandpatientMathcansometimesbefrustrating,butstayingpositiveisimportant.Bepatientwithyourselfasyouworkthroughdifficultproblems.Remember,everyonemakesmistakes,andit’spartofthelearningprocess.___20___.A.Ifsomethingisconfusing,reachoutB.OrganizedstudentsarebetteratlearningmathC.Even20-30minutesadaycanmakeabigdifferenceD.Instead,trytounderstandthereasoningbehindthemE.ThesupportoffamilyandfriendsmightbenecessaryF.ThiswillhelpyoureviewimportantconceptsbeforetestsG.Keepapositiveattitude,andmathwillgeteasierwithtime【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.F20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过定期练习、理解原理、主动求助、整理笔记和保持积极心态五方面，提升数学学习效率。【16题详析】根据上文“Practiceregularly(定期练习)”及下文“Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou’llgetatsolvingproblems.Perseverance(坚持不懈)iskeytobecomingbetteratit.(练习越多，解题越精。持之以恒是关键。)”可知，本段主题为“定期练习”，后文强调每天坚持练习的重要性。由此推断划线处要提出定期练习的效果或是影响。选项C“Even20-30minutesadaycanmakeabigdifference​​(每天坚持练习20-30分钟，效果就会大不相同。)”呼应段落主题，符合逻辑。故选C。【17题详析】根据上文“Don’tjustmemorizeformulas(公式).(不要只是死记硬背公式。)”可知，段首强调“不要死记硬背公式”，划线处需提出除死记硬背之外的另一种与之相对的方法。选项D“Instead,trytounderstandthereasoningbehindthem​​(相反，要试着弄懂公式背后的来龙去脉)”通过Instead转折，找出替代方法，即要理解原理，衔接自然，符合逻辑。故选D。【18题详析】根据上文“Askforhelpwhenneeded(在需要帮助的时候要主动寻求帮助)”以及下文“Whetherit’sfromyourteacher,classmates,oratutor,gettingexplanationcanmakeahugedifference.(无论是向老师、同学还是家教请教，获得讲解都能带来显著效果。)”可知，段落主题为“遇到困难时主动求助”。因此划线处要给出具体的行动建议，选项A“Ifsomethingisconfusing,reachout​​(如果有不懂的地方，就赶紧问)”以条件句引出具体行动，即提问，与后文“向老师、同学等求助”形成总分结构，符合逻辑。故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Keepingyournotesandassignmentsneatandorganized(保持笔记和作业的整洁有序)”及下文“Italsoallowsyoutotrackyourunderstandingandidentifyareaswhereyou’veimproved.(这还能帮助你追踪理解程度，明确进步领域)”可知，段首强调“保持笔记整洁有序”，后文补充其好处，因此划线处需要进一步说明整理笔记对考前复习的作用，与下文中的also形成呼应，选项F“Thiswillhelpyoureviewimportantconceptsbeforetests(这将助你在考前系统复习重点知识)”符合逻辑。故选F。【20题详析】根据上文“Bepositiveandpatient(保持积极与耐心)”可知，末段主题为“保持积极与耐心”，划线处要呼应主题并对文章进行收尾总结，选项G“Keepapositiveattitude,andmathwillgeteasierwithtime(保持积极心态，数学终会越学越顺)”呼应主题，并总结“经过时间积累，学习数学会变得更加容易”，属于积极展望，符合逻辑。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onabrightafternoon,8-year-oldLucasandhisgrandpaweredrivingdownthehighwayduringaweekendtrip.Thesunwasshining,andtheopenroadstretched(延伸)ahead.Lucaswastalking___21___aboutthefuntheywouldhave,butsuddenly,Grandpa’s___22___tightenedonthesteeringwheel(方向盘),andhisfaceturnedpale.“Lucas…Idon’tfeelwell,”hesaidweakly.Lucas’sheartraced.Helookedaheadandsawacarmoving___23___closetothem.Fearrushedthroughhim,butheknewhehadto___24___fast.Hegrabbed(拿起)hisphoneand___25___hisdad.“Dad,Grandpa’sreally___26___,andthere’sacarcomingtowardus!”hesaid,hisvoiceshakingbutclear.Hisdadstayedcalmandgavesimpleinstructions.“Lucas,___27___carefully.SitonGrandpa’slap,takethewheel,andsteerthecartothe___28___oftheroad.Youcandothis.”Withouthesitation,Lucas___29___ontoGrandpa’slap.Hissmallhands___30___thesteeringwheeltightly,hisfingersturningwhite.Thecaraheadwasstilltooclose,butLucasfocusedonhisdad’svoice.“Turnthewheelgently,Lucas.Keepitstraight.”Withallhis___31___,Lucasguidedthecarsmoothlytotheshoulderofthehighway.Oncetheyweresafelystopped,he___32___theengineandimmediatelycalled911.Whentheambulancearrived,Grandpawas___33___tothehospital.ThankstoLucas’squickthinkingandcourage,he___34___theheartattack.Later,hisdadhuggedhimandsaid,“Youwereamazing,Lucas.YousavedGrandpa’slife.”Lucasfeltamixof___35___andrelief.Itwasamomenthewouldneverforget—amomentwhenalittleboybecameahero.21.A.anxiously B.quietly C.hurriedly D.excitedly22.A.hands B.feet C.eyes D.legs23.A.finally B.strangely C.smoothly D.dangerously24.A.act B.run C.shout D.think25.A.texted B.called C.emailed D.visited26.A.crazy B.sleepy C.sick D.bored27.A.drive B.listen C.speak D.watch28.A.side B.middle C.end D.front29.A.climbed B.jumped C.stepped D.broke30.A.pointed B.touched C.pressed D.held31.A.patience B.kindness C.imagination D.concentration32.A.broughtdown B.trackeddown C.turnedoff D.keptoff33.A.flew B.walked C.rushed D.packed34.A.avoided B.survived C.suffered D.dropped35.A.surprise B.fear C.regret D.pride【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.A30.D31.D32.C33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了8岁的卢卡斯在爷爷突发心脏病时冷静应对，成功停车救人，展现非凡勇气。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：卢卡斯正兴奋地谈论着他们将有的欢乐时光，突然，爷爷的双手紧紧握住了方向盘，脸色变得苍白。A.anxiously焦虑地；B.quietly安静地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.excitedly兴奋地。根据上文“Onabrightafternoon,8-year-oldLucasandhisgrandpaweredrivingdownthehighwayduringaweekendtrip.”可知，这天天气很好，爷孙俩开车在路上，因此是兴奋地谈论着欢快时光。故选D。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卢卡斯正兴奋地谈论着他们将有的欢乐时光，突然，爷爷的双手紧紧握住了方向盘，脸色变得苍白。A.hands手；B.feet脚；C.eyes眼睛；D.legs腿。根据下文““Lucas…Idon’tfeelwell,”hesaidweakly.”可知，爷爷突发疾病，当时开着车，所以手紧握方向盘不能动弹。故选A。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他向前看去，发现一辆车正危险地靠近他们。A.finally最终；B.strangely奇怪地；C.smoothly平稳地；D.dangerously危险地。根据上文“Onabrightafternoon,8-year-oldLucasandhisgrandpaweredrivingdownthehighwayduringaweekendtrip.”可知，爷孙俩在高速上开着车，因此爷爷突发疾病时依然在路上驾驶，车辆失控，导致其他车辆很可能会与其发生危险的碰撞。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧席卷全身，但他知道自己必须迅速行动。A.act行动；B.run跑；C.shout喊叫；D.think思考。根据下文“Hegrabbed(拿起)hisphone”可知，卢卡斯知道事情紧急要立即行动，所以拿起了电话。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他抓起手机，给爸爸打了电话。A.texted发短信；B.called打电话；C.emailed发邮件；D.visited拜访。根据上文“there’sacarcomingtowardus!”可知，卢卡斯向爸爸描述紧急情况，所以给爸爸拨通了电话。故选B。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，爷爷病得很严重，而且有辆车正向我们冲来！A.crazy疯狂的；B.sleepy困倦的；C.sick生病的；D.bored无聊的。根据上文““Lucas…Idon’tfeelwell,”hesaidweakly.”可知，爷爷此时病的的很严重。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卢卡斯，仔细听好。坐到爷爷腿上，握住方向盘，把车开到路边。你能做到的。A.drive驾驶；B.listen听；C.speak说话；D.watch观看。根据下文“SitonGrandpa’slap,takethewheel”可知，爸爸在电话里给卢卡斯指令，因此这里要他认真听。故选B。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卢卡斯，仔细听好。坐到爷爷腿上，握住方向盘，把车开到路边。你能做到的。A.side旁边；B.middle中间；C.end末端；D.front前面。根据上文“Onabrightafternoon,8-year-oldLucasandhisgrandpaweredrivingdownthehighwayduringaweekendtrip.”可知，爷孙俩此时正开车在高速公路上，爷爷突发疾病很危险，所以爸爸指导他把车停在路边。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卢卡斯毫不犹豫地爬上了爷爷的膝盖。A.climbed爬；B.jumped跳；C.stepped迈步；D.broke打破。根据上文“SitonGrandpa’slap”可知，爸爸让卢卡斯做到爷爷的腿上，所以卢卡斯需要爬到上面。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的小手紧紧握住方向盘，手指都发白了。A.pointed指向；B.touched触摸；C.pressed按压；D.held握住。根据上文“takethewheel”可知，爸爸给的指令是“握住方向盘”，这里与前文呼应。故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卢卡斯全神贯注，平稳地将车引导到高速公路的路肩上。A.patience耐心；B.kindness善良；C.imagination想象力；D.concentration专注力。根据下文“Lucasguidedthecarsmoothlytotheshoulderofthehighway.”可知，卢卡斯平稳的把车引导高速路路肩，需要很好的专注力和控制力，才能做到平稳。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：安全停下后，他立即关闭了发动机并拨打了911。A.broughtdown降低；B.trackeddown追踪到；C.turnedoff关闭；D.keptoff避开。根据上文“Oncetheyweresafelystopped”可知，安全停车后，要等待救援，，因此停车后需关闭引擎。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：救护车到达后，爷爷被紧急送往医院。A.flew飞；B.walked走；C.rushed冲/紧急送；D.packed打包。根据上文“Whentheambulancearrived”可知，救护车到来，要紧急将爷爷送到医院，即紧急送医。故选C。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏卢卡斯的快速反应和勇气，爷爷从心脏病发作中幸存下来A.avoided避免；B.survived幸存；C.suffered遭受；D.dropped掉落。根据下文“YousavedGrandpa’slife.”可知，卢卡斯救了爷爷的命，这里指爷爷幸存下来。故选B。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卢卡斯心中充满了自豪和解脱。A.surprise惊讶；B.fear恐惧；C.regret后悔；D.pride自豪。根据下文“Itwasamomenthewouldneverforget—amomentwhenalittleboybecameahero.”可知，这是卢卡斯引以为豪的时刻，因此他成为一名小英雄。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenpeoplethinkofBeijing,thehutongstylealwayscomestomind.Itisnoexaggeration(夸张)tosaywithinhutonglivesthecity’shistory.Theword“hutong”referredtoaplacewherepeoplelive,___36___wasborrowedfromtheMongolianwordtomean“waterwell”about700yearsago.Hutongweseetodayaremadeupofsmallpaths___37___(form)bywallsofsiheyuan.TheywerebuiltduringtheYuan,MingandQing___38___(dynasty).WhenthePeople’sRepublicofChina___39___(found)in1949,thereweremorethan3,000hutong.Mostofthecity’spopulationlivedinthistraditionalhousing.But___40___themodernizationofthecityinthe1980sandearly1990s,manyhutongwerepulleddown___41___(build)roads,skyscrapersandmodernhouses.ThegovernmenthasrecognizedtheimportanceofhutongtoChineseculturalheritage.In2002,Beijinglisted40protectedhistoricalzones___42___increaseditseffortstorebuildsomekeyrelicsandolderstreetsinthecity.Nearly500hutonghavesurvived.Hutongthatstillexistarelikeoases(绿洲)ofcalminthe___43___(noise)city.Walkingthroughthem,it’scommontoseegroupsofelderlypeople___44___(sit)togetherplayingcards,mahjong(麻将)orChinesechess.Intheearlymorningsandevenings,theygathertopracticetraditionalformsofexercisesuchasTaichiaswellasdancingandsingingfolksongsorPekingOpera.Hutonghavebecome_____45_____museumofBeijing’sfolkcustomsandhistory.【答案】36.which37.formed38.dynasties39.wasfounded40.with41.tobuild42.and43.noisy44.sitting45.a【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、发展及其文化意义【36题详析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：“胡同”这个词指的是人们居住的地方，大约700年前，它是从蒙古语中借来的，意思是“水井”。先行词是“Theword'hutong'”，在从句中作主语。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，而要用which等引导词。所以这里需要用which来引导这个从句。故填which。【37题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们今天看到的胡同是由四合院的墙形成的小路组成的。此处为2（form）bywallsofsiheyuan”非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰“smallpaths”。“smallpaths”和“form”之间是被动关系，即“小路是被形成的”，所以要用过去分词形式。过去分词作定语表示被动和完成的意义。故填formed。【38题详析】考查名词的复数形式。句意：它们是在元、明、清（三个）朝代建造的。Yuan,MingandQing”表示三个不同的朝代，“dynasty”是可数名词，当表示多个朝代时，要用其复数形式“dynasties”。故填dynasties。【39题详析】考查时态语态。句意：1949年中华人民共和国成立的时候，有超过3000条胡同。“thePeople’sRepublicofChina”和“found（成立）”之间是被动关系，即“中华人民共和国是被成立的”，且时间是1949年，是过去的时间，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用wasfounded。故填wasfounded。【40题详析】考查介词。句意：但是在20世纪80年代和90年代初随着城市的现代化，许多胡同被拆除来建造道路、摩天大楼和现代房屋。这里需要用介词with来表示“随着”的意思。故填with【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是在20世纪80年代和90年代初随着城市的现代化，许多胡同被拆除来建造道路、摩天大楼和现代房屋。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，“许多胡同被拆除”的目的是“建造道路、摩天大楼和现代房屋”，动词不定式可以用来表示目的，所以这里要用tobuild。故填tobuild。【4