河南省三门峡市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省三门峡市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAspecialplacetostaycanmakeaholiday—butalsobreakthebank.WehavepickednewaffordableplacesinBrooklyn,NewYorkfor$150aroomanightorless.ArloWilliamsburgHotelSearchingforaroomwithaview?Well,looknofurther.Manyofthe126roomsatthishotelhavefloor-to-ceilingwindowslookingoutacrossManhattan.There’salsoavastrooftoppool—you’llhaveahardtimefindingabetterspotfromwhichtosurveytheskyline.ToexploreBrooklyn,free-to-usebicyclesareavailableonrequest.NUHotelThereare93minimalistroomsatNUHotel,eachdecoratedindividually.Freebreakfastandon-sitefitnesscentreareamongitspleasantness.Butit’sthelocationthatreallysetsthishotelapartfromitscompetitors.AllcornersofBrooklynarewithineasyreach.Hungry?WalkdowntoGus’sChopHouseatUnionStreet,whereeverydishisdelicious.TheBoxHouseHotelThe147-roomBoxHouseHotelmakesanidealbasefromwhichtoexploreBrooklyn’sGreenpoint.There’sahomelyfeeltotheaccommodationhere,andthedecorationsareanythingbutstuffy.Thispopularresidentialareahasnoshortageoffoodanddrinkoptions.Plus,you’reonlya10minutewalkuptotheGrandCentralStation.TheRockawayHotelThisbeach-sidepropertyhas53rooms.TherelaxedrooftoprestaurantandbarhasviewsofboththedistantManhattanskylineandouttotheAtlantic.Relaxbythepoolinthespa,orheadtothebeachwheresummersun,sandandsurfawaityou.For$4theJamaicaBayferrytakesyoudirecttoBrooklynandthenintoManhattan.1.WhatisthebiggestadvantageofNUHotel?A.Freebreakfast. B.Convenientlocation.C.On-sitefitnesscentre. D.DeliciousfoodinGus’sChopHouse.2.HowcanguestsgettoBrooklynandManhattanfromTheRockawayHotel?A.Bywalkingfor10minutes. B.Bydrivingacar.C.BytakingtheJamaicaBayferry. D.Byusingfreebicycles.3.WhatdoArloWilliamsburgHotelandTheRockawayHotelhaveincommon?A.Haveover100rooms. B.OfferfreetransportationtoManhattan.C.ArelocatedinBrooklyn’sGreenpoint. D.HaveroomswithviewsofManhattan.BAt5:45am,thesunrisesoverGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.FollowingJaneGoodall’sresearchmethod,ourgroupheadstotheforesttovisitchimps(黑猩猩).Janehasstudiedthesechimpfamiliesforyears,helpingpeoplerealizehowsimilartheirbehaviorsaretohumans.Ourfirsttaskistowatchachimpfamilywakeup—wereturntothetreewheretheysleptthenightbefore.Wesitquietlyintheshadeasthechimpswakeupandmoveout,thenfollowthemintotheforest.Chimpsmostlyfeedorgroomeachothertoshowaffection.Thoughweenduptiredanddirtybyafternoon,theeveningrewardsus:wewatchamotherchimpplaywithherbabiesandthensleeptogetherintheirnest,realizingthestrongbondinchimpfamiliesisastightasthatinhumanfamilies.BeforeJane,noonefullyunderstoodchimpbehavior.Shehaddreamedofworkingwithanimalsintheirnaturalhabitatsincechildhood,butthiswaschallenging.WhenshearrivedinGombein1960,itwasrareforawomantoliveintheforest.Onlywithhermother’shelpinthefirstfewmonthscouldshestartherproject.Herdiscoverieschangedpeople’sviews:shefoundthatchimpshuntandeatmeat(previouslythoughttoliveonfruitsandnuts)anduncoveredtheircommunicationwaysandsocialsystemsthroughobservingtheirbodylanguage.For40years,Janehasadvocatedforchimps’protection,arguingwildanimalsshouldstayinthewildandnotbeusedforentertainmentorads.Shehelpedestablishsafehabitatsforthem.Despiteabusylife,sheremainscommittedtohercause.Shehasachievedallhergoals:workingwithanimalsinthewild,earningadoctorate,andprovingwomencanthriveintheforest.Shecontinuestoinspirethosewhocheerwomen’sachievements.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’svisittothechimps?A.Theyvisitedthechimpsintheafternoon.B.Theyhelpedthechimpsgroomeachother.C.Theyfeltthetripworthwhileintheevening.D.Theylivedwiththechimpsintheirnestatnight.5.Whichofthefollowingbestreflectsthelong-termimpactofJane’swork?A.MorefamiliesvisitGombe. B.Peoplenowappreciatechimpsinanewway.C.Peoplenowliveclosertochimps. D.Morescientistsstudyforestanimals.6.WhywasJane’sprojecthardtostartatfirst?A.Shelackedenoughresearchfunds.B.Shehadnopriorexperiencewithchimps.C.Thechimpsweretoodangeroustoapproach.D.Womenwererarelyallowedtoliveintheforestthen.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectwildanimals.B.Toexplainthesimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans.C.Todescribetheauthor’samazingtriptoGombeNationalPark.D.TointroduceJaneGoodall’sresearchonchimpsandherachievements.CKnownworldwideasthe“lungsoftheplanet,”theAmazonrainforestspansninenations,functioningasavitalhabitatformillionsofspeciesandamassivestorageforcarbon.Evenasitencountersseverethreatsfromclimatechangeandwidespreaddeforestation(砍伐森林),arecentstudyhasmadeashockingrevelation:therainforest’streesareinfactgrowinglargerinsize.Ateamofnearly100researcherstrackedthesizeoftreesin188plotsacrosstheAmazonrainforestfrom1971to2015.Theyfoundthattheaveragetreesize—coveringbothsmallandlargetrees—roseby3.3percentperdecade.Thisgrowthistiedtotheincreasinglevelsofatmosphericcarbondioxide(CO2).“LargetreesplayacrucialroleinabsorbingatmosphericCO2,whichinturnactsasafertilizertofeedthem.ThegreateravailabilityofatmosphericCO2causedbyclimatechangeenhancesphotosynthesis(光合作用),acceleratingtreegrowth,”notedAdrianeEsquivel-Muelbert,jointleadauthorofthestudy.Whilethetreegrowthdeliversencouragingnews,theresearchalsohighlightssignificantrisks.Treesmaybecomemorevulnerabletootherclimate-inducedfactors,suchasdroughts,heatwaves,andwildfires.Humanactivitieslikedeforestationandtheexpansionofroadsandfarmlandcouldalsoweakenthetrees’capacitytoabsorbCO2.“Althoughourresearchshowsthattreesinintact(完整的)forestsarestillincreasinginsize,thecarbonsinkbenefitsofthisgrowthcanbeeasilycanceledoutbydeforestationandloggingimpacts.OurresultsindicatethattheAmazonrainforestishighlyresilienttoclimatechange.Myconcernisthatthisresiliencewillbemeaninglessunlesswecanputanendtodeforestationitself,”Esquivel-Muelbertstated.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutclimatechangefromtheAmazontrees’growth?A.Itmerelyharmsnature. B.Itmakestreesgrowfastereverywhere.C.Ithasnoeffectonforests. D.Itcanbringunexpectedeffectstonature.9.Whatdoes“vulnerable”(underlinedinParagraph4)mostprobablymean?A.Sensitive. B.Accustomed. C.Committed. D.Essential.10.WhatdoesEsquivel-Muelbertimplyaboutresilience?A.Itsolvesemissions. B.Itreliesonlogging.C.Itwillvanishsoon. D.Itneedsanti-deforestation.11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.TheimportanceoftheAmazonrainforest.B.HowCO2affectsAmazontreegrowth.C.Amazontreesgrowinglargerbutthreatened.D.DeforestationanditsAmazonimpacts.DHumans’thinkingisgreatlyaffectedbythegrouparoundthem.Thisphenomenon,calledherdmentality,describesthetendencyofindividualstoadoptthebehaviors,beliefs,andattitudesofthegroupstowhichtheybelong.Itshapesourthoughtsanddecisions,oftenwithoutconsciousawareness.Fromsocialmediatrendstoconsumerbehaviorpatterns,herdmentalityaffectshowwethinkandact.Butareweactuallyindependentthinkers,orarewesimplyfollowingthecrowd?Herdmentalityhasdevelopmentalroots.Forearlyhumans,survivaldependedongroupcohesion(凝聚力).Thosewhostayedwiththetribeenjoyedprotectionandaccesstoresources,whilelonersfacedthreatsalone.Overgenerations,thisadaptivebehaviorbecameanaturalpartoflife.Today,althoughthephysicaldangersofbeingalonehavedecreased,thepsychologicalpullofthegroupremainspowerful.Humansarenaturallysocialbeings,motivatedbyabasicdesiretobeacceptedandtofeelasenseofbelonging.Ouridentitiesareoftentiedtothegroupswebelongto,andthefearofrejectiondrivesustofollow,evenatthecostofourpersonalbeliefs.Thisgrouppressureisstrengthenedbycognitivebiasesthatmisleadjudgment.Theherdmentalityleadsindividualstotrustthemajorityopinionwithoutcriticallyevaluatingit,whilerepeatedexposuretothesameinformationcanmakeitseemmorebelievable.Socialmediastrengthensthesebiasesbypromotingpopularcontentovertruth,creatingechochambers(信息茧房)thatsupportexistingbeliefsratherthanchallengethem.Herdmentalitycanhavepositiveeffectsinsomecases,especiallywhenpeoplehavelimitedinformationorskills.Goingwiththecrowdcanbringbetterresults,becausethegroupknowsmorethananyoneperson.However,toomuchherdmentalitybringsrisks,includingstoppingindependentthinking,hurtingcreativity,andcausingfalseinformationtospread.Therefore,learningtothinkcritically—askingquestions,checkingfacts,andthinkingofdifferentideas—isessentialforbothpersonalindependenceandcollectiveprogress.12.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Theinfluencesofherdmentality. B.Thegoodsidesofherdmentality.C.Whyhumansliketostayingroups. D.Howtoavoidfollowingothersblindly.13.Whydidherdmentalitybecomeanaturalpartofhumanlife?A.Itmadepeoplefacemorephysicaldangers.B.Itletpeoplegetfewerresourcesfromtribes.C.Itstoppedhumansfromlivingingroups.D.Itenabledearlyhumanstosurvivesecurely.14.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Cognitivebiasesguidepeople’srightjudgment.B.Socialmediacorrectspeople’swrongthinking.C.Peoplemaygiveuptheiropinionstofitingroups.D.Herdmentalitymakespeoplequestionthemajority.15.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutherdmentality?A.Italwaysbringsbetterresultstopeople’slife.B.Itiscompletelyharmfultopersonalcreativity.C.Itshouldbetreatedinareasonableandwiseway.D.Itcanstopallfalseinformationfromspreading.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Shinrin-you,orforestbathing,isauniqueJapanesepracticeemerginginthe1980s.Itinvitespeopletoimmersethemselvesinforestenergyandcalm,seekingreflection,positiveenergyandrenewedwellness.____16____TheconceptwasdevelopedbyJapan’sForestAgencyin1982withtwogoals:relievinghigh-stresslifestylesfromthetechnologicalrevolutionandencouragingreconnectionwithnature.Unlikeintenseoutdooractivities,forestbathingislow-impact.____17____Itemphasizesbeingpresent,focusingonsurroundingsandembracingwoodlands’naturalorderinsteadofalteringthem.Manymistakeitforlonghikesorintensephysicalactivity,butitisactuallyaboutslowingdown.Thepracticeissurprisinglysimple.____18____Whetheraloneoronaguidedtour,participantswalkquietlyinforests,concentratingontheworldaroundthemwithoutdistractions.Evensittingunderatreeandbreathingdeeplycountsasforestbathing.____19____Studiesshowthatforesttimelowerscortisol(皮质醇)levelsandbooststheactivityofnaturalkillercells,whichhelpfightoffillness.Mentally,itclearsbrainfogandreducesanxiety,offeringararebreakfromdigitaloverload.Youdon’tneedtotravelfarforforestbathing,eveninornearTokyo.____20____Thesespotsofferaccessibleescapesfromthehustleandbustleofcitylife,lettingurbandwellersexperiencenature’shealingpowerwithoutlongtrips.FromIiyama’sbeachforeststoMeijiShrine,forestbathinghelpspeoplestepawayfromdailypressuresandreconnectwithnaturemeaningfully.Itremindsusthatwellnessissimple—itliesinquiet,tree-filledspaces.A.Thiscalmpracticehasathoughtfuloriginstory.B.Itscoreismindfulness,notspeedorachievement.C.Leavedigitaldevicesasidetofullyengagewithnature.D.Forestbathinghasgrowngloballypopularinrecentyears.E.Theideabehindforestbathingarosefromimprovingpublichealth.F.MeijiShrineandtheInstituteforNatureStudyareperfectexamples.G.It’snotjustleisure—forestbathingbenefitsphysicalandmentalhealth.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AfatherandhisdaughterwererescuedfromtheoceanafterfallingoverboardfromaDisneyCruiseLineshiponSundayafternoon,winningpraisefortheship’screw(全体船员)and____21____amongpassengerswhowitnessedtheincidentinrealtime.ItoccurredaboardtheDisneyDreamasitsailedonaroundtrip____22____betweenFloridaandtheBahamas.PassengerGarFrantzsaidhewasonthefourth-floordeckwhenhesawthechild,whohadbeensittingontheship’s____23____whilethefathertookapicture,fallintothewater.“Thenthechildfelloverboard,”Frantzrecalled.“Wewatchedit,youcouldseetwolittlefigures…itwascrazy,itwas___24___.”Thefatherreportedlyjumpedinimmediatelyafterthechild____25____tosaveher.FellowpassengerGailMerrickwasplayingbingowhenshenoticedasuddennoiseoutside.Shesaidpeoplewerewatchingwithheldbreath____26____,waitingforwhatwouldhappen.Merricksawayellowrescueboatwithcrewmembersbeing___27___,andtheDisneyDreammadeasharpturnto____28____thespot.Thetwoguestswererescuedwithin___29___.Disneysaidina(n)___30___thatitscrew’sexcellentskillsand____31____actionsensuredthesafereturnofthetwoguests.Italsonotedtheincidenthighlightedtheeffectivenessofitssafety____32____.PassengerJamesTackettfelttheshipmakeaturnbeforehearingwhathadhappened.“Whenthey_____33_____thetwopeople,everyonecheered,”hesaid.Hismotherpraisedthecrew’sswiftand____34____response.“Thewholethingtook10-15minutesandtheysafely____35____theship,”sheadded.Aftertherescue,theDisneyDreamcontinueditsjourney.21.A.stress B.relief C.delight D.grief22.A.voyage B.picnic C.hike D.party23.A.window B.roof C.edge D.floor24.A.amazing B.horrible C.peaceful D.ordinary25.A.inaway B.inasense C.inaword D.inaneffort26.A.basically B.confidently C.slightly D.formally27.A.sentin B.sentfor C.sentaway D.sentout28.A.headfor B.showoff C.lookinto D.takeover29.A.seconds B.hours C.minutes D.days30.A.conversation B.statement C.discussion D.conference31.A.slow B.lazy C.prompt D.careless32.A.measures B.books C.tools D.signals33.A.tookoff B.putaway C.turneddown D.pickedup34.A.rude B.professional C.casual D.impolite35.A.gotalongwith B.gotoutof C.gotbackon D.gotawayfrom第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WontonsareapopularkindofdumplinginChina,with____36____historygoingbackover1,500years.It’ssaidthatWontons____37____(create)byZhangZhongjing,agreatdoctorintheEasternHanDynasty,____38____ideawastohelppeoplefightthecoldinwinter.Sincethen,wontons____39____(be)afavoritefoodforboththeyoungandtheold,widelyenjoyedacrossthecountryinfamiliesandrestaurantsalike.Makingwontonsiseasyandfun.First,preparethefillingwithsimple____40____(ingredient):mincedpork,choppedcabbage,gingerandsalt.Stirthemthoroughlytogetastickymixture.Second,takeathinsquarewrapperandputasmallspoonfuloffillinginitsmiddle.Thenfoldthewrappertomakeasmallbag,pressingtheedgestightlytostopthefilling____41____comingout.Next,cookthewontonsinboilingwater____42____theyrisetothesurface,whichusuallytakesaboutthreetofiveminutes.Wontonstastebestwhen____43____(serve)withsauce.Somepeopleliketoaddvinegarorchilioilto____44____(they)wontonstomakethemmoreflavorful.Thesoftskinandtastyfillingmakewontons____45____(true)delicious.Theywillbringyoumuchpleasureandawarmfeelingdeepinside.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信说，他计划寒假来中国学习汉语，并咨询如何快速入门汉语和适应中国的生活。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：（1）具体建议；（2）表达欢迎与期待。注意：（1）写作词数应为100个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearTom,GladtohearthatyouarecomingtoChinatolearnChinesethiswinterholiday.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Noah,17,oftenlingeredinMrs.Hale’soldbookstoreafterschool,drawnbythemustysmellofpagesandtheoldmusicscoresinthecorner.Onerainyafternoon,hecameacrossawornClairdeLuneinadustyboxlabeled“AbandonedTreasures”.Insidewasayellowednotethatread:“Fortheonewhoplayswithheart—mylatestudentLilaneverfinishedhertownsquarerecital(独奏会).Pleasefulfillherpromise.”Mrs.Hale,theretiredpianoteacherwhoownedthestore,sighed.“Lilawasmybrighteststudent.Shedreamedofplayingforthetown,buta