湖南省邵阳市部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省邵阳市部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACruising(乘船游览)theRhine;afamilytripCreatefamilymemoriesduringourpopularRhineRivercruise!Days1&2—LeaveforZurich,SwitzerlandDepartfromtheUSonaflighttoZurichandtransfertoBaseltogetonMSAmadeusQueens,whereeachadultandchildwillreceiveaspecialWelcomePackagewithgeneralinformationaboutthecruise.Thetraveldirectorwillbeonboardtooffersuggestionsonindependentactivities.ThentheshipwilldepartfromBaselforStrasbourgandthepassengerswillgatherforawelcomepartyanddinnerontheship.Day3—StrasbourgChoice1—StrasbourgPanoramicTourThistourshowsthemostimportantcityofFrance’sAlsaceRegionandthecapitaloftheEuropeanUnion.Afterthetour,youcanenjoyaguidedwalkthroughStrasbourg’shistoriccenterandvisitNotreDameCathedral.Choice2—CulinaryStrasbourgItoffersinsightintothecity’sculinaryheritage.StrasbourgisfamousforitscookingthroughoutFrance.In“Winstubs”,smallwinebars,typicalofStrasbourg,traditionaldishescanbeenjoyed.Day4—Speyer/HeidelbergChoice1—TechnicMuseuminSpeyerExploreinsideanoriginalhugeplaneandstudytheinnerworkingsofasearescueboat.You’llfindthelargestspaceflightexhibitioninEurope,showingtheRussianspacecraftBuran,arealmoonstone,spacesuitsaswellasclassiccars,firetrucks,motorcycles,andotherexhibits.Choice2—HeidelbergCastleandTownExplorehistoricHeidelbergandvisitthered-walledcastle.SeebeautifulviewsoftheNeckarValleyandthecitybelow.Choice3—HikeHeidelberg’sPhilosopher’sWayHikethefamous“Philosopher’sWay”forimpressiveviewsofHeidelbergCastleandtheoldtown.TakearestinPhilosopher’sGardenwhileenjoyingtheviewalongwithsnacksanddrinks.21.WhatdoestheWelcomePackageprovide?A.Tipsonindependentactivities.B.AguidetoMSAmadeusQueens.C.Theintroductiontotherivercruise.D.Informationaboutthewelcomeparty.22.Whichroutemayafoodloverenjoymost?A.CulinaryStrasbourg. B.StrasbourgPanoramicTour.C.TechnicMuseuminSpeyer. D.HeidelbergCastleandTown.23.WhatcantouristsdoduringthetourofSpeyer?A.Travelinclassicmotorvehicles. B.Getsomeknowledgeofspace.C.Gohikingonawell-knownpath. D.Explorethehistoriccastleandtown.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇广告类的应用文。介绍了家庭为单位的乘船游览莱茵河的行程安排。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据Days1&2—LeaveforZurich,Switzerland的第一句“DepartfromtheUSonaflighttoZurichandtransfertoBaseltogetonMSAmadeusQueens,whereeachadultandchildwillreceiveaspecialWelcomePackagewithgeneralinformationaboutthecruise.Thetraveldirectorwillbeonboardtooffersuggestionsonindependentactivities.(从美国飞往苏黎世，转乘巴塞尔的MSAmadeusQueens，每个大人和孩子都将收到一个特别的欢迎礼包，上面有邮轮的基本信息。)”可知，这个欢迎环节在MSAmadeusQueens这条船上，欢迎礼包里边有邮轮的基本信息。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Day3之Choice2—CulinaryStrasbourg的“Itoffersinsightintothecity’sculinaryheritage.StrasbourgisfamousforitscookingthroughoutFrance.In‘Winstubs’,smallwinebars,typicalofStrasbourg,traditionaldishescanbeenjoyed.(它能让你深入了解这座城市的烹饪传统。斯特拉斯堡以烹饪闻名于全法国。在典型的斯特拉斯堡小酒吧Winstubs，可以品尝到传统菜肴。)”可知，美食爱好者最喜欢的线路应该是CulinaryStrasbourg。故选A项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据Day4—Speyer/Heidelberg之Choice1—TechnicMuseuminSpeyer的“Exploreinsideanoriginalhugeplaneandstudytheinnerworkingsofasearescueboat.You’llfindthelargestspaceflightexhibitioninEurope,showingtheRussianspacecraftBuran,arealmoonstone,spacesuitsaswellasclassiccars,firetrucks,motorcycles,andotherexhibits.(探索原始的巨大飞机内部，研究海上救援船的内部工作原理。你会发现欧洲最大的太空飞行展览，展示俄罗斯的‘布兰’号宇宙飞船、真正的月光石、宇航服以及经典汽车、消防车、摩托车等展品)”可知，在这个环节，游客可以了解一些太空知识。故选B项。BOnaspringday,GuinnessWorldRecordsheldaceremonyinBournemouthtoawardlocallifeguardChrisLewisthetitle.Lewis,74,beganworkingattheDorsetresortwhenhewas16.“It’sthebestjobintheworld,”hesaid.“You’reworkingandhelpingpeople.Whatcouldbebetter?”Hiscolleagueswerejusthalfhisage.Butheisstillfightingfit.RoyalNationalLifeboatInstitution(RNLI)lifeguardsmustcompletea400mpoolswiminunder7.5minutes.Theyhavetodoa25mpoolswimunderwateranda25-metresurfaceswimconsecutivelyinunder50secondsandrun200malongthebeachinunder40seconds.ThetestsarestillreasonablycomfortableforLewis.Allwinterhehasbeendoing3,000metresofseaswimmingeachmonth.Lewis’sadventurebeganin1965whenapoliceofficerspottedthathewasakeenswimmerandsuggestedhegethislifesavingbadges.Thefollowingyearhebeganvolunteeringasalifeguardattheageof16.ThenhebecamepartoftheRNLIlifeguardsin2001andbeganprovidingbeachpatrolsforlocalauthorities.NowtheRNLIpatrolsmorethan240beachesacrosstheUK.Lewislaughedwhenaskedifhehadseenmanychanges.“TheRNLI’sequipmentin2024includesjetskis,rescueboatsandquadbikes.WhenIstarted,wehadaT-shirt,swimmingtrunks,aswimminghat,acoatifyouwereluckyandarescuetube.Itwasreallyverydifferent.”Hismostmemorablerescuetookplacein2010whenthreechildrengotintotroublewhileswimming.Therewasacombinationofwindandalivelyspringtide.Oneofthemwasbeinghurledintoarockwithseverecuts.Theothertwowerebeing“knockedaround”bythewaves.Lewisswamoutjustwitharescuetubebutmanagedtogetallthreeback.Overtheyears,hehasperformedhundredsofrescues.Hesaysgivingadvicethatpreventspeoplegettingintotroubleispreferabletocarryingoutrescues.“Iwouldlovetogothroughthewholeofsummerwithouthavingtorescueanybody.”24.WhyisthetrainingofRNLImentioned?A.Toexplaintheimportanceofswimmingskills. B.TostressLewis’seffortsandcapacity.C.Toshowdemandsofbeingasafeguard. D.Todescribethetestprocessoffitnessswimming25.WhatmadeLewisbeginhislife-savingcareer?A.Hisvoluntaryexperience. B.Hispassionforswimming.C.AninvitationfromRNLI. D.Apoliceofficer’ssuggestion.26.WhatcanbeinferredfromLewis’swordsinParagraph4?A.RNLIcaresforthesafetyoflifeguards. B.RNLIcurrentlyneedsmorelifeguards.C.Lifeguardworkwasnoteasyinthepast. D.Theformerlifeguardsweremoreskilled.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLewis?A.Devotedandcaring. B.Selflessandhonest.C.Determinedandhumorous. D.Generousandambitious.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了74岁的救生员ChrisLewis因其长期的救生工作和出色的表现，被吉尼斯世界纪录授予称号，并介绍了他的救生生涯、训练以及他对救生工作的看法。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“RoyalNationalLifeboatInstitution(RNLI)lifeguardsmustcompletea400mpoolswiminunder7.5minutes.Theyhavetodoa25mpoolswimunderwateranda25-metresurfaceswimconsecutivelyinunder50secondsandrun200malongthebeachinunder40seconds.ThetestsarestillreasonablycomfortableforLewis.(皇家国家救生艇协会（RNLI）的救生员必须在7.5分钟内游完400米泳池。他们必须在50秒内完成25米的水下游泳和25米的水面游泳，并在40秒内沿着海滩跑200米。这些测试对Lewis来说还算轻松。)”和“Allwinterhehasbeendoing3,000metresofseaswimmingeachmonth.(整个冬天，他每个月都要进行3000米的海游。)”可知，此处提到RNLI的训练是为了强调Lewis的努力和能力，尽管他已经74岁，但仍然能够轻松完成这些训练。故选B项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Lewis’sadventurebeganin1965whenapoliceofficerspottedthathewasakeenswimmerandsuggestedhegethislifesavingbadges.(Lewis的冒险始于1965年，当时一名警察发现他是一名游泳爱好者，并建议他获得救生徽章。)”可知，是一名警察的建议让Lewis开始了他的救生生涯。故选D项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中Lewis的话“TheRNLI’sequipmentin2024includesjetskis,rescueboatsandquadbikes.WhenIstarted,wehadaT-shirt,swimmingtrunks,aswimminghat,acoatifyouwereluckyandarescuetube.Itwasreallyverydifferent.(2024年，RNLI的装备包括水上摩托、救生艇和四轮摩托车。当我开始的时候，我们只有一件T恤、游泳裤、游泳帽，如果你幸运的话还有一件外套和一个救生圈。这真的很不一样。)”可知，Lewis通过对比现在的装备和他开始时的装备，暗示了过去的救生工作并不容易，因为装备非常简陋。故选C项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中Lewis的话“It’sthebestjobintheworld,”hesaid.“You’reworkingandhelpingpeople.Whatcouldbebetter?(他说：“这是世界上最好的工作。你在工作，同时在帮助别人。还有什么比这更好的呢？”)”以及最后一段中“Overtheyears,hehasperformedhundredsofrescues.Hesaysgivingadvicethatpreventspeoplegettingintotroubleispreferabletocarryingoutrescues.(多年来，他进行了数百次救援。他说，给出防止人们陷入困境的建议比进行救援更好。)”可知，Lewis非常热爱他的救生工作，致力于帮助他人，并且非常关心他人的安全。因此，用“Devotedandcaring(全心全意且关爱他人)”来形容他最恰当。故选A项。CLighthouseparentingisamodernapproachthatisbecomingincreasinglypopularamongparents.Thisstyle,raisedbyDr.KenGinsburg,stressesabalancebetweenguidingchildrenandallowingthemtomaketheirowndecisions.Thenamecomesfromtheideathatparentsshouldbelikealighthouse—availabletooffersupportandguidancewhenneeded,butnotconstantlyinterveningintheirchildren’slife.Unlikehelicopterparenting,whichfocusesoncontrollingandprotectingthechildfromeverypossiblemistake,lighthouseparentingnotonlyprovideslove,guidance,andboundaries(边界),butalsoallowschildrentolearnthroughtheirownexperiencesandmistakes.Thisapproachhelpschildrendevelopresilience(适应力)andproblem-solvingskills,makingthembetterpreparedforadulthood.Oneofthekeyprinciplesoflighthouseparentingismaintainingopencommunicationwithchildren.Parentsareencouragedtoengageinconversationswiththeirchildren,listentotheirconcerns,andprovideadvicewhennecessary.Thiscreatesafavorableenvironment,wherechildrenfeelconfidentandloved,knowingtheirparentsarealwaysthereforthem,butnotcontrollingtheireverymove.Thepopularityoflighthouseparentingisgrowingbecausemanyparentsareseekingabalancedapproachtoraisingtheirchildren.Thereisanoverwhelmingamountofinformationavailabletoparentstoday,anditcanbedifficulttoknowwhattofollow.Lighthouseparentingoffersapracticalsolution,promotingahealthy,low-pressureenvironmentforbothparentsandchildren.Childrenraisedinthisstylecanbecomehealthy,functionaladults,astheyweregiventhetoolstobeindependent,tounderstandtheworld,andtobewell-adjusted.Theyaren’tscaredofmakingmistakesandalsotakeresponsibilityforthem.Theirparentsarealsolessburntout,astheyareabletotakeastepbackandbetherefortheirchildrenmoreinthebackground.Withongoingcommunicationandloveandsupportalwaystherewhenneeded,thisparentingmethodseemstotickalltheboxeswhenitcomestopromotingaharmoniousandenjoyableparent-childrelationship.Itisanenvironmentwherebothchildrenandparentscanwelldevelopandenjoytheirrelationshipforyearstocome.28.Whatdoparentsdoinlighthouseparenting?A.Theyfocusmoreonexperiencesthanstudy.B.Theyinterveneintheirchildren’slifewhennecessary.C.Theyprotecttheirchildrenfromeverypossiblemistake.D.Theysetstrictboundariesofamusements.29.Whatmakeslighthouseparentingincreasinglypopular?A.Parents’desireforabalanceinraisingchildren. B.Thelimitedaccesstoparentinginformation.C.Thestressfacedwithchildren. D.Parents’expectationofraisingaperfectchild.30.Whatcanweknowaboutchildrenraisedinlighthouseparenting?A.Theywillfitineasily. B.Theywillperformwellacademically.C.Theyshowgreatcuriosityabouttheouterworld. D.Theytendtobeespeciallypopular.31.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheImportanceofBalancedParenting B.TheDisadvantagesofHelicopterParentingC.HowtoRaiseIndependentandResilientChildren D.TheBenefitsofLighthouseParenting【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。说明了灯塔式育儿是一种平衡引导与自主决策的现代育儿方法，旨在培养孩子的适应力和解决问题的能力。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Lighthouseparentingisamodernapproachthatisbecomingincreasinglypopularamongparents.Thisstyle,raisedbyDr.KenGinsburg,stressesabalancebetweenguidingchildrenandallowingthemtomaketheirowndecisions.Thenamecomesfromtheideathatparentsshouldbelikealighthouse—availabletooffersupportandguidancewhenneeded,butnotconstantlyinterveningintheirchildren’slife.(灯塔式育儿法是一种现代育儿法，在父母中越来越受欢迎。这种风格由肯·金斯伯格博士提出，强调在引导孩子和让他们自己做决定之间取得平衡。这个名字来源于这样一种理念：父母应该像灯塔一样——在需要的时候提供支持和指导，但不要总是干预孩子的生活)”可知，灯塔式育儿的父母会在必要的时候干预他们子女的生活。故选B。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thepopularityoflighthouseparentingisgrowingbecausemanyparentsareseekingabalancedapproachtoraisingtheirchildren.(灯塔式育儿法越来越受欢迎，因为许多父母都在寻求一种平衡的育儿方法)”可知，灯塔式育儿方式之所以越来越流行是因为父母想要在养育子女方面找到一个平衡。故选A。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Childrenraisedinthisstylecanbecomehealthy,functionaladults,astheyweregiventhetoolstobeindependent,tounderstandtheworld,andtobewell-adjusted.(在这种方式下长大的孩子可以成为健康、正常的成年人，因为他们被赋予了独立、理解世界和适应能力的工具)”可知，在灯塔式育儿下成长的孩子能够学会独立、理解世界，并适应得很好。故选A。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Lighthouseparentingisamodernapproachthatisbecomingincreasinglypopularamongparents.Thisstyle,raisedbyDr.KenGinsburg,stressesabalancebetweenguidingchildrenandallowingthemtomaketheirowndecisions.Thenamecomesfromtheideathatparentsshouldbelikealighthouse—availabletooffersupportandguidancewhenneeded,butnotconstantlyinterveningintheirchildren’slife.(灯塔式育儿法是一种现代育儿法，在父母中越来越受欢迎。这种风格由肯·金斯伯格博士提出，强调在引导孩子和让他们自己做决定之间取得平衡。这个名字来源于这样一种理念：父母应该像灯塔一样——在需要的时候提供支持和指导，但不要总是干预孩子的生活)”结合本文主要介绍灯塔式育儿的好处。灯塔式育儿是一种平衡引导与自主决策的现代育儿方法，旨在培养孩子的适应力和解决问题的能力。D项“灯塔式教育的好处”更能概括全文主旨，故选D。DManyhaveprobablyheardofThoreau,eventhoughhismessageofsimplicitymaysoundold-fashioned.Nowadays,smartphonesflooduswithtextmessages.Manyconsumersarebuyingthelatestdigitaldevices,fromtabletsandfitnesstrackerstocommercialdrones.Simplelivingseemstobeathingofthepast.Asawriterwhodeclaredthevalueofsimplicityalmosttwocenturiesago,Thoreauwasacontrarian(叛逆者)forhistime.HelivedduringtheheightoftheIndustrialAge,distinguishedbytheriseoflargefactories,expandingurbandevelopments,andpowerfulmachinessuchassteamengines.Turnedoffbytheconstanthustleandbustleofhistime,Thoreauwithdrewfromcitylifetolivealoneinthewoods.HebroughtwithhimonlythenecessitiesoflifeandwroteaboutthisadventureinhisbookWalden.InWalden,Thoreauisbasicallymakingaphilosophicalstatement.Wearenotlivingdeliberateormeaningfullives,thanks(ornothanks)tomoderntechnology.Wecreatedpowerfulmachinestomakelifemoreconvenient.Unfortunately,thesemachineshavedonetheopposite.Inhiswords,“menhavebecomethetoolsoftheirtools”.Thatistosay,wearenottheonescontrollingtechnology.Technologyiscontrollingus.LetmetryupdatingThoreau’smessagewithacouple21st-centuryexamples.Everyfewminutes,smartphonesmaydistractuswithmessages.AtleasthalfofAmericanschecktheirphonesseveraltimesanhour.Meanwhile,informationoverloadfromsocialmediacanweakenourconcentrationandheightenconfusion.Whentechnologycausesthatmuchdistractionandconfusion,itmaybehealthytosimplifylifebyreducingtechnologyoveruse.Personally,I’vedonesointwoways.First,Iuseverylittledataonmyphoneandkeeptheappsonittoaminimum.Thevastmajorityofthetime,Ionlyusemyphonetocallortext.Second,Iquitmostsocialmedia.Sure,thosetwothingsaren’tasextremeasThoreauwithdrawingintothewoods.Nevertheless,they’rerealisticmovesIcanmaketowardlivingamoremeaningfullife.32.WhichstatementwouldThoreauprobablyagreewith?A.Technologyholdsbackourambition.B.Technologyiskeytoameaningfullife.C.Simplicityispossibleinatech-drivenworld.D.Simplicityisoutdatedinmoderntimes.33.WhatwastheprimaryreasonforThoreau’swithdrawingfromcitylife?A.Toescapetheharsheconomicconditionsofhistime.B.Tothrowhimselfintothecompletionofhismasterpiece.C.Toexperienceanewandexcitinglifestyleawayfromtechnology.D.Tofindaquieterexistencethatallowsfordeeperreflectionandpurpose.34.Whatispresentedinthelastparagraphofthetext?A.Theoreticalmodels. B.Popularbeliefs.C.Practicalmeasures. D.Realisticanalyses.35.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tocriticizetheoveruseof21st-centurymoderntechnology.B.ToillustrateThoreau’sideasonsimplelivinginthemoderncontext.C.Toexploretheroleoftechnologyinshapingcontemporarylifestyles.D.Toexaminetheeffectsofreducedsocialmediauseonpersonalwell-being.【答案】32.C33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了Thoreau提倡的简单生活理念，并将其与现代科技时代的生活进行对比，探讨了如何在科技驱动的世界中实现简单生活。【32题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段中“ManyhaveprobablyheardofThoreau,eventhoughhismessageofsimplicitymaysoundold-fashioned.(许多人可能听说过Thoreau，尽管他的简朴思想听起来有些过时。)”和第三段“Turnedoffbytheconstanthustleandbustleofhistime,Thoreauwithdrewfromcitylifetolivealoneinthewoods.HebroughtwithhimonlythenecessitiesoflifeandwroteaboutthisadventureinhisbookWalden.InWalden,Thoreauisbasicallymakingaphilosophicalstatement.Wearenotlivingdeliberateormeaningfullives,thanks(ornothanks)tomoderntechnology.Wecreatedpowerfulmachinestomakelifemoreconvenient.Unfortunately,thesemachineshavedonetheopposite.Inhiswords,“menhavebecomethetoolsoftheirtools”.(Thoreau对生活中不断的喧嚣感到厌烦，他退出了城市生活，独自一人住在树林里。他只带了生活必需品，并把这次冒险写成了他的书《Walden》。在《Walden》中，Thoreau基本上是在做一个哲学陈述。感谢（或不感谢）现代科技，我们没有过着深思熟虑或有意义的生活。我们创造了强大的机器，使生活更方便。不幸的是，这些机器起到了相反的作用。用他的话来说，“人类已经成为工具的工具”。)”可知，Thoreau提倡简单生活，并认为简单生活是有价值的，因此他可能会同意在科技驱动的世界中简单生活是有可能的这一观点。所以答案是C。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Turnedoffbytheconstanthustleandbustleofhistime,Thoreauwithdrewfromcitylifetolivealoneinthewoods.HebroughtwithhimonlythenecessitiesoflifeandwroteaboutthisadventureinhisbookWalden.InWalden,Thoreauisbasicallymakingaphilosophicalstatement.Wearenotlivingdeliberateormeaningfullives,thanks(ornothanks)tomoderntechnology.(Thoreau对生活中不断的喧嚣感到厌烦，他退出了城市生活，独自一人住在树林里。他只带了生活必需品，并把这次冒险写成了他的书《Walden》。在《Walden》中，Thoreau基本上是在做一个哲学陈述。感谢（或不感谢）现代科技，我们没有过着深思熟虑或有意义的生活。)”可知，Thoreau从城市生活中撤退的主要原因是为了找到一个更安静的存在，以便进行更深层次的反思和追求目的。故选D。【34题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“Personally,I’vedonesointwoways.First,Iuseverylittledataonmyphoneandkeeptheappsonittoaminimum.Thevastmajorityofthetime,Ionlyusemyphonetocallortext.Second,Iquitmostsocialmedia.Sure,thosetwothingsaren’tasextremeasThoreauwithdrawingintothewoods.Nevertheless,they’rerealisticmovesIcanmaketowardlivingamoremeaningfullife.(就我个人而言，我以两种方式做到这一点。首先，我在手机上使用很少的数据，并尽量减少手机上的应用程序。大多数时候，我只用手机打电话或发短信。其次，我退出了大多数社交媒体。当然，这两件事并不像梭罗躲进树林那样极端。然而，这些都是我可以朝着更有意义的生活迈出的现实的一步。)”可知，作者提到自己减少技术使用的两个实际措施：减少手机数据使用和退出大部分社交媒体。这些都是实际的措施。故选C。【35题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“ManyhaveprobablyheardofThoreau,eventhoughhismessageofsimplicitymaysoundold-fashioned.(许多人可能听说过Thoreau，尽管他的简朴思想听起来有些过时。)”和倒数第二段中的“LetmetryupdatingThoreau’smessagewithacouple21st-centuryexamples.(让我试着用几个21世纪的例子来更新梭罗的观点。)”、最后一段中的“Personally,I’vedonesointwoways.First,Iuseverylittledataonmyphoneandkeeptheappsonittoaminimum.Thevastmajorityofthetime,Ionlyusemyphonetocallortext.Second,Iquitmostsocialmedia.Sure,thosetwothingsaren’tasextremeasThoreauwithdrawingintothewoods.Nevertheless,they’rerealisticmovesIcanmaketowardlivingamoremeaningfullife.(就我个人而言，我以两种方式做到这一点。首先，我在手机上使用很少的数据，并尽量减少手机上的应用程序。大多数时候，我只用手机打电话或发短信。其次，我退出了大多数社交媒体。当然，这两件事并不像梭罗躲进树林那样极端。然而，这些都是我可以朝着更有意义的生活迈出的现实的一步。)”可知，文章通过介绍Thoreau的简单生活理念，并结合现代背景，说明了Thoreau的理念在现代社会中的应用。因此，文章的目的是在现代背景下阐述Thoreau关于简单生活的观点。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theworldisacolorfullandscapeofdifferentlanguages,skincolors,anddifferentcultures.It'simportanttohaveagoodunderstandingofdifferentculturesinordertobecomeawell-roundedperson___36___Onewayistoreadbookswrittenbyauthorsfromaparticularculture.Readingworksbyauthorswhohaveacloserelationshipwithaparticularcultureallowspeopletogainanauthenticglimpseintothefood,music,language,religion,andwayofalifeofaparticulargroupofpeople.___37___Anotherwaytolearnaboutdifferentculturesistotrytolearnaforeignlanguage.___38___Apersoncanchoosealanguageshehasalwayswantedtolearnandlocatelearningprogramstohelphermasterthelanguage.Besides,onecanenrollinaforeignlanguageclassinordertolearninamoreformalsetting.Onecanalsotrytovisitareasofthecitytoestablishsocialconnectionwithnativespeakersofthelanguage.___39___Seekoutrestaurantsthatfeatureauthenticfoodfromavarietyofcountries.Foodisanimportantpartofdifferentculturesandallowspeopletogaindeepunderstandingintoaparticularculturalgroup'swayoflife.Communicatingwithpeoplefromothercountriesthroughemailorsnailmailisanotherusefulwaytobecomefamiliarwithdifferentcultures.___40___Variouswebsitesofferpenpalservices,offeringtoconnectindividualswithpenfriendsaroundtheworld.A.Storiesbasedonalocalcultureexposeonetoadifferentculture.B.Tryingauthenticfoodfromaspecificculturalgroupisalsoagreatidea.C.Thereareseveralwaystobecomeknowledgeableaboutdifferentcultures.D.Avarietyoflanguage-learningbooks,software,andaudioprogramsisavailable.E.TheInternethasmadeitpossibletocommunicatewithothersfromdifferentcountries.F.Makingcontactwithnativespeakersofthelanguageallowsonetogainfirsthandknowledge.G.Onewaytodevelopthisappreciationistotrytoteamaboutotherculturesaroundtheworld【答案】36.C37.A38.D39.B40.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界是不同语言、肤色和不同文化的丰富多彩的景观，重要的是培养对不同文化的欣赏，并且介绍了几种可以培养对不同文化欣赏的方法。【36题详析】上文“It'simportanttohaveagoodunderstandingofdifferentculturesinordertobecomeawell-roundedperson.（为了成为一个全面发展的人，了解不同的文化是很重要的。）”说明培养对不同文化的欣赏是很重要的。C项“Thereareseveralwaystobecomeknowledgeableaboutdifferentcultures.（了解不同的文化有几种方法。）”承接上文，其中differentcultures是关键词组，和上文相呼应，且选项在此处起开启下文的作用。故选C项。【37题详析】上文“Readingworksbyauthorswhohaveacloserelationshipwithaparticularcultureallowspeopletogainanauthenticglimpseintothefood,music,language,religion,andwayofalifeofaparticulargroupofpeople.（阅读与某一特定文化有密切关系的作者的作品，使人们得以真实地了解某一特定群体的食物、音乐、语言、宗教和生活方式。）”说明来自特定文化的作者的作品使人们能够真实地了解与该文化相关的东西。A项“Storiesbasedonalocalcultureexposeonetoadifferentculture.（以当地文化为基础的故事使人接触到不同的文化。）”承接上文，都在讲述具有特殊文化的作品，particularculture和localculture是关键词组，前后呼应，符合语境。故选A项。【38题详析】上文“Anotherwaytolearnaboutdifferentculturesistotrytolearnaforeignlanguage.（学习不同文化的另一种方法是尝试学习一门外语。）”说明可以通过学习一门外语来学习一种文化。D项“Avarietyoflanguage-learningbooks,software,andaudioprogramsisavailable.（我们有各种各样的语言学习书籍、软件和音频程序。）”说明有各种各样的语言学习工具，承接上文，都讲述通过学习语言来学习一种文化，其中language是关键词。故选D项。【39题详析】下文“Seekoutrestaurantsthatfeatureauthenticfoodfromavarietyofcountries.（寻找具有来自不同国家的正宗食物特色的餐馆。）”说明可以通过在特定餐馆了解不同国家的食物来了解不同的文化。B项“Tryingauthenticfoodfromaspecificculturalgroupisalsoagreatidea.（尝试来自特定文化群体的正宗食物也是一个好主意。）”引出下文，说明可以通过食物来了解文化，上下文话题一致，其中food是关键词。故选B项。【40题详析】上文“Communicatingwithpeoplefromothercountriesthroughemailorsnailmailisanotherusefulwaytobecomefamiliarwithdifferentcultures.（通过电子邮件或蜗牛邮件与来自其他国家的人交流是另一种熟悉不同文化的有用方式。）”说明可以通过邮件和其他国家的人交流来了解不同的文化。下文“Variouswebsitesofferpenpalservices,offeringtoconnectindividualswithpenfriendsaroundtheworld.（许多网站都提供笔友服务，为世界各地的笔友提供联系。）”说明网络提供笔友服务供世界各地的人们进行联系。E项“TheInternethasmadeitpossibletocommunicatewithothersfromdifferentcountries.（网络使与来自不同国家的人交流成为可能。）”说明网络方便了不同国家人们之间的交流，与上下文承接自然，都讲述通过网络来了解文化，其中website和Internet是关键词。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）Mr.Daltontaughtusplanegeometry(平面几何)37yearsago.Iwasaquietkid.Ineithergotinmuchtroublenorgot___41___.Somehow,planegeometryreally___42___formeinhisclass.Towardtheendoftheyear,Mr.Daltonwantedto___43___ourknowledgeandgaveusa25-questiontrue/falsenationallystandardizedtest.Thetestpresentedeachproblemwithaconclusionshown.Wewererequiredto___44___theresultusingourtheorems(定理).Icompleted24problemsquickly,butnumberseventeenwasa___45___!Ispentthirtyminutesonthatproofand___46___Imadeitwithallmyefforts.___47___Imarkedthequestiontrueandhandedinthetest.Whentheresultscamebackthenextday,myscorewasa96,andnumberseventeenwas___48___wrong!WhenMr.Daltonaskediftherewereanyquestions,forthefirsttime,myhand___49___.Insteadof____50____thatthiswasanationallystandardizedtestandthere,couldn’tbeanythingwrongwiththeanswers,Mr.DaltondidthemostpowerfulthingI’veeverseenateacherdo:heheldoutthe____51____tomewithanencouragingsmileonhisface.Iwenttotheboardforthefirsttimeand____52____myproof,usingthewholeboardandthreedifferentcolorsofchalk.Intheend,everyoneclapped.Mr.Daltongave____53____formyansweronnumberseventeen,andIendedupwithagradeof104.WhenIreturned37yearslatertovisithimagain,Alzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默氏症)had____54____hismind,buthestillworeahappygrin.Ihavebeen____55____toMr.DaltonforallowingmetochallengehisauthorityandempoweringmetospeakupaslongasIthinkI’mright.41.A.caught B.noticed C.confused D.inspected42.A.existed B.twisted C.faded D.clicked43.A.evaluate B.expand C.found D.witness44.A.release B.identify C.categorize D.prove45.A.ballpark B.towel C.curveball D.goalpost46.A.eventually B.mostly C.gradually D.constantly47.A.Fascinated B.Embarrassed C.Satisfied D.Depressed48.A.assumed B.marked C.detected D.entitled49.A.tookin B.shotup C.cameabout D.gotacross50.A.suspecting B.admitting C.implying D.arguing51.A.board B.chalk C.paper D.book52.A.demonstrated B.employed C.boosted D.arranged53.A.account B.scholarship C.credit D.faith54.A.undergone B.claimed C.lowered D.stabilized55.A.admirable B.patient C.grateful D.tolerant【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.D45.C46.A47.C48.B49.B50.D51.B52.A53.C54.B55.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者37年前上平面几何课的经历，Dalton老师鼓励作者勇敢表达自己的观点，这让作者受益匪浅。【41题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我既没惹太多麻烦也没被注意到。A.caught抓住；B.noticed注意到；C.confused使困惑；D.inspected检查。根据前文“Iwasaquietkid.Ineithergotinmuchtroublenorgot”可知，作者是一个安静的孩子，所以既不会惹麻烦也不会被注意到。故选B。【42题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，平面几何在他的课上真的适合我。A.existed存在；B.twisted扭曲；C.faded褪色；D.clicked豁然开朗，被突然明白。根据后文“Icompleted24problemsquickly”可知，作者很快地完成24道题，说明作者突然明白Dalton老师的平面几何课。故选D。【43题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了年底，Dalton先生想评估我们的知识，给了我们一个25道题的全国标准化真假测试。A.evaluate评估；B.expand扩展；C.found发现；D.witness目击。根据后文“gaveusa25-questiontrue/falsenationallysta