2026年高级翻译资格考试试卷及答案

2026年高级翻译资格考试试卷及答案1.词汇语法选择题（共20题，每题1分）1.Theongoing______ofclimatediscourseacrossglobalmultilateralforumshasbeenhamperedbydivergentnationalinterestsprioritizingshort-termeconomicgrowthoverlong-termecologicalsustainability.A.articulationB.manipulationC.deprecationD.perturbation答案：A。解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。articulation在此处意为“(观点的)表达、推进”，代入句中表示“全球多边论坛中气候对话的持续推进”，符合语义逻辑。manipulation意为操纵，deprecation意为反对、贬低，perturbation意为不安、扰乱，均不符合上下文语境。2.Thenewlyreleasedbiopicofthelegendarytranslatorcondensesa70-yearcareermarkedbyextraordinaryeruditionandquietresilienceintoa______128-minutenarrativethatresonateswithbothindustryinsidersandgeneralaudiences.A.succinctB.sprawlingC.tautD.meandering答案：C。解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析。taut用来形容叙事、文本时表示“结构紧凑、没有冗余”，符合句中“将70年职业生涯浓缩进128分钟叙事”的语境。succint侧重语言表达简洁，不侧重叙事结构的紧凑性；sprawling意为松散冗长的，meandering意为漫无边际的，均不符合语义。3.TheUnitedNationsculturalbodyhascalledforthecollectiveprotectionofintangibleculturalheritage,emphasizingthatnosinglenationcan______theresponsibilityforpreservingculturaltreasuresthatbelongtoallhumanity.A.abdicateB.advocateC.augmentD.allocate答案：A。解析：abdicate意为放弃（职责、责任），句中表示“没有任何一个国家可以放弃保护全人类共有文化遗产的责任”，符合联合国教科文组织发言的语境。advocate意为倡导，augment意为增加，allocate意为分配，均不符合。4.Manyveteranliterarytranslatorspointoutthatthe______ofpoetryisalwaysimpossible,becausetherhythmandwordplaythatcarrymostoftheemotionalweightcannotbefullyreplicatedinanotherlanguage.A.transmissionB.transferenceC.transformationD.transposition答案：A。解析：transmission此处表示（文化、情感内容的）传递传播，句中指诗歌核心意蕴的传递始终是无法做到完美的，符合文学翻译讨论的语境。transference侧重移情、物品的转移，transformation侧重形态改变，transposition侧重换位，均不符合。完形填空（共10题，每题2分）Translationstudiesasanindependentacademicdisciplinehascomealongwayfromitsearlydaysasasubfieldoflinguisticsorcomparativeliterature.__1__the1970s,translationscholarsbegantochallengethedominantviewthattranslationismerelyalinguistictransferprocessofencodinganddecodingmeaningbetweentwolanguagesystems.The“culturalturn”inthe1980sand1990spushedthedisciplinefurther,__2__thattranslationisinherentlyapoliticalactshapedbypowerdynamics,culturalnormsandhistoricalcontext.Today,theriseofartificialintelligencetranslationhasforcedthedisciplinetoasknewquestions:whatisthe__3__ofhumantranslatorsinaneraofmachine-generatedtranslationthatcanproducepassableoutputinseconds?MostcontemporarytranslationscholarsagreethatwhileAIcanhandlelargevolumesofroutine,low-stakestranslationwork,humantranslatorsstillholdirreplaceableadvantageswhenitcomesto__4__culturalnuance,negotiatingambiguousmeaningandfulfillinghigh-stakestranslationneedsthatrequireemotionalresonanceandcontextualaccuracy.Astheglobalconnectiondeepens,thedemandfortranslationthatcarrieshumantemperaturewillonly__5__,notdiminish.1.A.ByB.UntilC.FromD.Since答案：A，解析：by+过去时间表示“到…阶段为止”，这里说到20世纪70年代，翻译学者已经开始挑战主流观点，符合时态和语义逻辑。2.A.arguingB.arguedC.toargueD.havingargued答案：A，解析：现在分词作伴随状语，“文化转向”进一步推动了学科发展，提出翻译本质上是受权力关系等影响的政治行为，伴随状语用现在分词一般式即可。3.A.roleB.valueC.positionD.future答案：A，解析：上下文问的是人工智能时代人类译者的角色定位是什么，role更符合此处提出核心问题的语境。4.A.preservingB.conveyingC.interpretingD.transmitting答案：C，解析：处理文化细微差异的时候，人类译者的优势在于精准解读再转化，interpreting不仅有解读还有整合转化的含义，比其他词更符合翻译实践的逻辑。5.A.increaseB.growC.expandD.extend答案：B，解析：此处表示需求只会增长不会减弱，grow强调程度和规模的自然增长，符合语境。阅读理解（共3篇，15题，每题4分）第一篇阅读原文：Againstthebackdropofgrowingglobaleconomicdecouplingdebates,alessnoticedbutfar-reachingshiftishappeninginthetranslationindustry:theriseof“glocalization”translation,whichprioritizesadaptationtolocalculturalcontextsratherthanmerelinguisticaccuracy.Traditionally,globalbrandswouldadoptaone-size-fits-alltranslationstrategyfortheirmarketingandproductmaterials,relyingonstandardizedterminologytomaintainbrandconsistency.Butrecentdatashowsthatbrandsthatinvestinglocalizationtranslationseea37%higherconsumerengagementrateinemergingmarketsthanthosethatsticktocentralizedtranslationmodels.Glocalizationtranslationgoesbeyondsimplelocalization,whichusuallyonlyadjustsproductnamesortaglinestoavoidculturalmisinterpretation.Itrequirestranslatorstoreworktheentirenarrativeofabrandorproducttoalignwithlocalvalues,historicalmemoryandconsumerpreferences.Forexample,amultinationaloutdoorbrandrecentlyadjusteditscoremarketingsloganfrom“ChallengetheUntamedWildness”to“WalkWithNature,ReturntoInnerPeace”fortheChinesemarket,respondingtothegrowingpopularityofmindfuloutdooractivitiesamongChineseconsumersratherthantheaggressiveadventureculturethatresonateswithWesternconsumers.Criticsofglocalizationtranslationarguethatitdilutesthecoreidentityofglobalbrandsandincreasestranslationcostsby200%to300%comparedtostandardizedmodels.Proponents,however,pointoutthatinanerawhereconsumersincreasinglydemandculturalrespectandemotionalconnectionfrombrands,one-size-fits-alltranslationisnolongercompetitive.Evenforsectorsthatrequirehighterminologyaccuracy,suchaspharmaceuticalandlegaltranslation,glocalizationtranslationisincreasinglyappliedtopatientinformationleafletsandlegaldocumentsthattargetnon-professionalreaders,makingcomplexjargonaccessibleandalignedwithlocalculturalexpectationsaroundhealthandlaw.1.Accordingtothetext,whatisthemaindifferencebetweentraditionaltranslationandglocalizationtranslation?A.Traditionaltranslationfocusesmoreonterminologyaccuracy,whileglocalizationtranslationignoreslinguisticaccuracy.B.Traditionaltranslationprioritizesbrandconsistency,whileglocalizationtranslationprioritizesadaptationtolocalculturalcontexts.C.Traditionaltranslationischeaper,whileglocalizationtranslationismoreexpensive.D.Traditionaltranslationisonlyusedbybigglobalbrands,whileglocalizationtranslationisonlyusedinemergingmarkets.答案：B。解析：文章第一段明确提到“theriseof‘glocalization’translation,whichprioritizesadaptationtolocalculturalcontextsratherthanmerelinguisticaccuracy.Traditionally,globalbrandswouldadoptaone-size-fits-alltranslationstrategy...relyingonstandardizedterminologytomaintainbrandconsistency.”，A选项错误，glocalization不是忽略语言准确性，是不只是追求准确性；C选项是事实但不是核心区别；D选项的only表述错误，因此选B。2.Theexampleoftheoutdoorbrandinparagraph2isusedtoillustratethat:A.Chineseconsumersdonotlikeadventureculture.B.Glocalizationtranslationrequiresadjustingcorenarrativetofitlocalconsumerpreferences.C.Slogantranslationisthemostimportantpartofglocalizationtranslation.D.WesternbrandscannotsucceedintheChinesemarketwithoutglocalizationtranslation.答案：B。解析：段落主旨句就在例子之前，“Itrequirestranslatorstoreworktheentirenarrativeofabrandorproducttoalignwithlocalvalues,historicalmemoryandconsumerpreferences.”，例子就是用来证明这一观点的，A选项夸大表述，原文只是说中国现在流行轻户外，不是不喜欢冒险文化；C选项错误，例子只是举了slogan，不代表是最重要的部分；D选项的cannot表述绝对，因此选B。笔译实务部分英译汉原文：Overthepastdecade,theglobalconversationaboutartificialintelligencehasshifteddramaticallyfromtechnologicalpossibilitytoexistentialrisk.WhatwasonceframedasadistantfutureofmachinesuperintelligencehasbecomeanurgentdebateabouthowtogoverntheAIsystemswearebuildingtoday.GenerativeAItoolsthatcanproducetext,images,videoandcodeatunprecedentedspeedandscalehaveupendedindustries,fromeducationtocontentcreationtosoftwaredevelopment,bringingbothenormousopportunitiesanddauntingchallenges.OneofthemostunderdiscussedchallengesistheimpactofAIonthetranslationsector.Fordecades,machinetranslationhasbeenseenasautilitythathandlesrepetitive,low-stakeswork,freeinghumantranslatorstofocusonmorecreative,high-valuetasks.Today,however,thequalityofgenerativeAItranslationisimprovingataratethathassurprisedevenindustryinsiders.Formanycommonusecases,AIoutputisalreadyindistinguishablefromhumanoutputtotheuntrainedeye.Thishasledtowidespreadanxietyamongtranslators,manyofwhomfearthattheirjobswillbeeliminatedentirelywithinadecade.Butthisanxietyoverlooksafundamentalshiftinthedemandfortranslation.Astheworldbecomesmoreconnected,thetotalvolumeofcontentthatneedstobetranslatedisgrowingfasterthanAIcanabsorb.Moreimportantly,thenatureofdemandischanging.Clientsnolongerjustneedaccurateconversionofwordsbetweentwolanguages.Theyneedtranslationthatcarriesculturalnuance,thatalignswithspecificaudienceexpectations,thatadaptstospecificcommunicationgoals,andthatcarriestheuniquevoiceoftheoriginalauthororbrand.Theseareexactlytheskillsthathumantranslators,whobringlivedexperience,culturalliteracyandcriticalthinkingtotheirwork,arebestpositionedtoprovide.ThefutureoftranslationisnothumanversusAI,buthumanplusAI.TranslatorswholearntoleverageAIasatooltohandleroutineworkwillbeabletofocusonthecreativeandculturalcoreoftranslation,deliveringfarmorevaluethaneitherAIorhumantranslatorsworkingalone.英译汉参考译文：过去十年间，全球围绕人工智能的讨论发生了巨大转变，核心已经从技术可行性转向了生存风险。曾几何时，我们还将超级智能机器看作遥远未来的图景，如今相关讨论已经变成了一个紧迫议题：我们该如何监管当下正在开发的人工智能系统。生成式人工智能工具能够以前所未有的速度和规模生成文本、图像、视频与代码，已经颠覆了从教育、内容创作到软件开发的诸多行业，既带来了巨大机遇，也带来了严峻挑战。其中讨论最少的挑战之一，就是人工智能对翻译行业的冲击。数十年来，机器翻译一直被看作处理重复、低风险文本的工具，能把人类译者解放出来，专注于更具创造性、更高价值的工作。但如今，生成式人工智能翻译的质量提升速度之快，就连业内人士都感到惊讶。对于很多常见应用场景，未经专业训练的人已经无法区分AI译文和人类译文。这引发了译者群体的普遍焦虑，不少人担心自己的工作会在十年内被彻底取代。但这种焦虑忽略了翻译需求的一个根本性转变。随着全球联系日益紧密，需要翻译的内容总量增长速度，已经超过了人工智能能够消化的速度。更重要的是，需求的性质发生了改变。客户不再只要求不同语言之间词语的准确转换，他们需要的译文能体现文化细微差异，符合特定受众预期，适配特定传播目标，保留原作者或品牌的独特风格。而这些能力，恰恰是人类译者最擅长提供的——人类译者自带生活阅历、文化素养与批判性思维。翻译的未来不是人类对抗AI，而是人类加AI。学会把AI用作工具处理常规工作的译者，将能够专注于翻译的创造性与文化核心，其产出的价值远高于AI或人类单独工作所能达到的水平。汉译英原文：从明清时期的古镇，到改革开放后兴起的深圳经济特区，再到新时代的雄安新区，中国不同形态的城镇承载着不同历史阶段的发展记忆，也在不断探索人与自然和谐共生的新路径。近年来，中国大力推进海绵城市建设，就是为了破解城市内涝频发的难题，同时修复城市水生态，涵养水资源，改善人居环境。海绵城市，顾名思义，就是让城市像海绵一样，能够在下雨的时候吸水、蓄水、渗水、净水，需要的时候把存起来的水放出来利用。传统的城市建设模式大多依靠硬化路面和地下管网排水，一遇到极端暴雨，管网很容易不堪重负，引发内涝。而海绵城市通过建设下沉式绿地、公园、可渗透路面等设施，让雨水能够自然渗入地下，既减少了地表径流，降低了排涝压力，又能补充地下水，改善城市生态环境。截至2025年底，全国已经有超过30个城市开展了海绵城市建设试点，一批项目已经落地见效。在福建厦门，经过改造的老城区在多次强降雨中没有出现大面积内涝；在重庆悦来新城，新建的海绵城市片区让雨水经过自然净化后流入嘉陵江，水质达到了二类标准。中国也在推动海绵城市建设技术的国际合作，分享经验，帮助其他发展中国家提升城市应对气候变化的能力。汉译英参考译文：FromtheancienttownsbuiltduringtheMingandQingdynastiestotheShenzhenSpecialEconomicZonethatroseafterthereformandopening-up,andtotheXionganNewAreainthenewera,China’stownsandcitiesofdifferenttypesbearthedevelopmentmemoriesofdifferenthistoricalstages,andareconstantlyexploringnewpathsfortheharmoniouscoexistenceofhumanityandnature.Inrecentyears,Chinahasvigorouslyadvancedthedevelopmentofspongecities,aimingtoaddressthepressingproblemoffrequenturbanwaterlogging,restoreurbanwaterecology,conservewaterresourcesandimprovethelivingenvironmentforurbanresidents.Aspongecity,asthenamesuggests,worksjustlikeasponge:itabsorbs,stores,infiltratesandpurifiesrainwaterwhenitrains,andreleasesthestoredwaterforusewhenneeded.Mosttraditionalurbanconstructionmodelsrelyonhardpavementsandundergroundpipenetworksfordrainage.Whenextremerainstormshit,pipenetworksareeasilyoverloaded,leadingtowidespreadwaterlogging.Bycontrast,spongecitiesusefacilitiessuchassunkengreenspaces,parksandpermeablepavementstoallowrainwatertonaturallyinfiltrateintotheground.Thisapproachnotonlyreducessurfacerunoffandeasesthepressureondrainagesystems,butalsoreplenishesgroundwaterandimprovestheurbanecologicalenvironment.Bytheendof2025,morethan30Chinesecitieshadlaunchedpilotprogramsforspongecityconstruction,andanumberofprojectshavebeenimplementedanddeliveredtangibleresults.InXiamen,FujianProvince,therenovatedoldurbanareadidnotsufferfromlarge-scalewaterloggingduringmultiplerecentheavyrainstorms.InYuelaiNewTown,Chongqing,thenewlybuiltspongecityareaallowsrainwatertoflowintotheJialingRiverafternaturalpurification,withwaterqualityreachingClassIIstandard.Chinaisalsopromotinginternationalcooperationonspongecityconstructiontechnologies,sharingexperiencewithothercountriesandhelpingotherdevelopingcountriesimprovetheirurbancapacitytocopewithclimatechange.口译实务部分英译中（Passage1，25分）(SpeechbyaUNESCOofficialattheInternationalTranslationDayForum)Goodmorning,everyone.Today,wegatheronInternationalTranslationDaytocelebratetheroleoftranslatorsandinterpretersinbuildingbridgesacrosscultures,especiallyatatimewhentheworldisfacingrisingdivisionandxenophobia.Overthepastthreeyears,theCOVID-19pandemicshowedusjusthowconnectedweare,andhowimportantopencommunicationandaccuratetranslationisforglobalpublichealthcooperation.Whenthefirstvaccinedevelopmentresultswerepublished,translatorsworkedaroundtheclocktotranslateresearchfindings,clinicaltrialdataandvaccineguidanceintomorethan40languages,sothatcountriesallovertheworldcouldaccesstheinformationtheyneededtoprotecttheirpeople.Thatworksavedmillionsoflives,anditisworkthattoooftengoesuncelebrated.Today,asweseerisinggeopoliticaltension,misinformationspreadingfasterthaneveracrosssocialmedia,translatorsandinterpretersareonthefrontlineoffightingdisinformation.Accuratetranslationisthefirstlineofdefenseagainstrumorsthatsowdivisionandhate.Itallowspeopleacrosstheworldtoaccessverifiedinformation,tounderstandeachother’sperspectives,andtofindcommongroundtotacklesharedchallenges.UNESCOwillcontinuetosupporttheprofessionaldevelopmentoftranslatorsandinterpretersaroundtheworld,topromotefairpaymentanddecentworkingconditionsforlanguageprofessionals,andtoprotectthelinguisticdiversitythatmakescross-culturalexchangepossible.Thankyou.英译中参考译文：（联合国教科文组织官员在国际翻译日论坛的发言）大家早上好。今天，我们相聚在国际翻译日，庆祝笔译员和口译员在搭建文化桥梁方面发挥的作用，尤其是当下全球正面临分裂加剧、排外主义抬头的局面。过去三年间，新冠疫情向我们证明了我们彼此的联系有多紧密，也证明了开放沟通和准确翻译对全球公共卫生合作有多重要。第一批疫苗研发成果公布后，翻译人员夜以继日赶工，把研究成果、临床试验数据和疫苗使用指南翻译成了40多种语言，让世界各国都能获得保护本国民众所需要的信息。这份工作拯救了数百万生命，却一直鲜少得到认可。如今，地缘政治紧张加剧，不实信息在社交媒体上的传播速度前所未有，笔译和口译人员正站在打击虚假信息的第一线。准确的翻译是阻挡散播分裂和仇恨的谣言的第一道防线。它让世界各地的人们能够获得经过核实的信息，理解彼此的立场，找到应对共同挑战的共同点。联合国教科文组织将继续支持世界各地笔译和口译人员的职业发展，推动语言专业人员获得合理报酬和体面工作条件，保护让跨文化交流得以实现的语言多样性。谢谢大家。中译英（Passage2，25分）各位来宾，各位朋友：大家好。中华文明历来崇尚