陕西省延安市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末质量监测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省延安市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末质量监测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读2遍。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inamuseum. B.Inashop. C.Inaclassroom.【答案】A【原文】W:Nicevase.M:Oh,it’sfromtheMingDynasty.It’soneofthemostpricelessitemswehavehere.Sorry,I’mabouttoguideaschoolgroup.W:Youseembusy,soI’llgotomyclassmatesthen.2.HowoldisJessica?A.16. B.10. C.6.【答案】A【原文】W:Jessicaplaystheguitarverywell.M:Yeah.Shehasbeenplayingitfor10yearssinceshestartedtopracticeitattheageof6.3.Howdoesthemanusuallygotothelibrary?A.Bybus. B.Byunderground. C.Bytaxi.【答案】B【原文】W:Excuseme,doyouknowhowtogettothelibrarywithoutbeingstuckontheway?Taxiorbus?M:Neither!Iusuallychoosethesubwayduetoitsfixedscheduleandconvenience.4.WhatdidCarriedoonSunday?A.Shelearnedtomakecookies.B.Shewentshoppinginthepark.C.Shehadapicnicwithherfamily.【答案】C【原文】M:So,whatdidyoudothisweekend,Gary?W:Well,IlearnedtomakesomecookiesonSaturday,andIhadapicnicwithmyfamilyintheparkthenextday.5.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Playingtheguitar. B.Futureplans. C.Teachingchildren.【答案】B【原文】M:Emma,haveyoudecidedwhatyou’dliketodowhenyoufinishschool?W:Well,UncleGeorge,Idefinitelywanttodosomethingwithmusic.YouknowIjustloveplayingtheguitar,Idon’tliketoteachyoungchildreninaschoolthough.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Arecentflood. B.Waterconservation. C.Gardenwateringrules.7.Howlonghasthewaterrestrictionbeeninplace?A.Foronemonth. B.Forthewholesummer. C.Sincelastweek.8.WhatisNOTallowedunderthecurrentrule?A.Wateringlawnsduringtheday.B.Washingcarswithahose.C.Fillingswimmingpools.9.Whatdoesthemanoffertohelpwith?A.Fixingthedrippingtap.B.installingawatertank.C.Wateringtheplantswhilethewomanisaway.【答案】6.B7.A8.C9.C【原文】W:Thisdryspellisreallyaffectingmygarden.Theflowersarewilting.M:Iknow.Thecity’sleveltwowaterrestrictionsdon’thelpeither.We’vehadthemforamonthnowbecauseofthelowreservoirlevels.W:Right.Icanonlywaterwithawateringcanafter7p.m.Nohoseatall.Andwashingthecariscompletelybannedunlessyouuserecycledwater.M:Yeah,andnofillingortoppingupswimmingpools.It’sstrict.Bytheway,Inoticedyouroutsidetapisdripping.Youshouldgetthatfixedtosavewater.W:Oh,Ididn’trealize.Thanksfortellingme.I’mgoingawayforafewdaysnextweek.Wouldyoumindgivingmypottedplantsalittlewaterintheevening?M:Ofcourse,noproblem.Justremindmebeforeyougo.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdidthespeakersdojustnow?A.Theypackedthings. B.Theylookedforthekeys. C.Theyarrangedthefurniture.11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Wednesday. C.Friday.12.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Cleanthehouse B.Changethelocks. C.Findamovingcompany.13.Whydoesthewomangiveuppaintingthewalls?A.Shelikesthecolor. B.Thereisn’tenoughtime. C.Thehouseownerdoesn’tagree.【答案】10.A11.A12.B13.B【原文】M:Ican’tbelievewehavesomanythings!Ittookusagestopackeverythingup.W:Yeah!Ifeeltirednow.Haveyoufoundamovingcompanyyet?M:Yes.ThemoversarecomingonWednesday.W:OK,thatgivesustwodaystogeteverythingreadyinthenewhouse.M:Wehaveatightschedule.Wehavetogivethehouseagoodcleanbeforeourstuffarrives.W:Ialmostforgottoremindyoutochangethelocksonthedoors.Wedon’tknowwhoelsemighthavethekeys!M:That’sright.Thepreviousownerpaintedthewallsnotlongago.ButIdon’tlikethatcolorverymuch.W:I’mafraidwedon’thavemuchtimetopaintbeforewemovein.M:Let’scleanupandcheckeverythingthen.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatmotivatedMr.Jasontostepintotheherbalfield?A.Hispassionforplants. B.Histeacher’simpact. C.Hischildhoodexperience.15.WhatmakesherbsapowerfultoolinMr.Jason’sopinion?A.Thewidespreadinterestinnaturaltreatments.B.Theirconnectionwithtraditionalwisdom.C.Thehighqualityofherbalmedicines.16.Whatshouldbeapriorityforstudentslearningherbs?A.Learningherbalfunctions.B.Doingvariousexperiments.C.Masteringmedicalterms.【答案】14.B15.B16.A【原文】W:Tonight,wehaveaveryspecialguest,Mr.Jason,the2025NationalHerbalResearchAwardwinner.Welcometotheshow,Jason.M:Thankyou,Zoe.W:It’sfantastictohaveyouhere.Sowhatfirstgotyouintoresearchingherbs?M:Actually,Ihadacollegeprofessorwhoshowedmestudyingherbsisn’tjustaboutleavesandroots.It’saboutpromotinghumanhealth.W:Isee.Whatdoyouthinkmakesherbssuchapowerfultoolformodernmedicine?M:Herbshelpscientistsexplorenaturaltreatments.Butmoreimportantly,itconnectswithtraditionalwisdom.W:That’sbeautifullysaid.Sohowdoyoukeepstudentsengaged?M:Byremindingthemthattechnologyisjustatool.Thenaturalbalanceisirreplaceable.Mystudentsdovariousexperimentswithherbs,butIrecommendthattheyshouldlearnherbalfunctionsfirst.W:Youaresosensible!Thankyouforsharing.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhatdidTom’sfatheraskhimtodo?A.Toplantseeds. B.Tosellapples. C.Tomeetastranger.18.WhatdidthestrangeraskTomtodo?A.Totellhimaboutaforest. B.Tosellapplesforhim. C.Tolietohisfather.19.Whydidn’tTomhelpthestranger?A.Becausehewasbusy. B.Becausehewashonest C.Becausehedidn’tlikethestranger.20.WhatdidthestrangergiveTomintheend?A.Somemoney. B.Abagofseeds. C.Someapples.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.B【原文】M:Onceuponatime,therewasaboynamedTomwholivedinasmallvillage.Tomwasknownforhishonesty.Oneday,hisfathergavehimatasktotakeabasketofapplestothemarketandsellthem.Ontheway,Tommetastranger.ThestrangeraskedTomwherehewasgoing.Tomtoldhimthetruth.Thenthestrangersaid,“Ifyoubringmebacksomeinformationaboutanearbyforest,I’llgiveyousomemoney.”Tomthoughtforamomentandreplied,“Ican’tlie.Ishouldgotoselltheapples.SoIcan’thelpyou.”Thestrangerleftunhappily.WhenTomgottothemarket,hesoldtheapplesatagoodprice.Onhiswayback,hemetthestrangeragain.Thestrangersaid,“Youwerehonest,soIwanttorewardyou.”ThenhegaveTomabagofseeds.Tomwashappyandtooktheseeds.Later,Tomplantedtheseedsandtheygrewintobeautifulflowers.Thevillagerswereamazedbytheflowersandoftencametoseethem.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AESRBratingsprovideinformationaboutwhat’sinagameorappsoparentsandconsumerscanmakeinformedchoicesaboutwhichgamesarerightfortheirfamily.Ratingshave3parts:RatingCategories,ContentDescriptors,andInteractiveElements.EveryoneEveryone10+TeenMature17+AdultsOnly18+RatingPendingRatingPending—LikelyMature17+Contentisgenerallysuitableforallages.Maycontainminimalcartoon,fantasyormildviolenceand/orinfrequentuseofmildlanguage.

Contentisgenerallysuitableforages10andup.Maycontainmorecartoon,fantasyormildviolence,mildlanguageand/orminimalsuggestivethemes.

Contentisgenerallysuitableforages13andup.Maycontainviolence,suggestivethemes,crudehumor,minimalblood,simulatedgamblingand/orinfrequentuseofstronglanguage.Contentisgenerallysuitableforages17andup.Maycontainintenseviolence,bloodandgore,sexualcontentand/orstronglanguage.Contentsuitableonlyforadultsages18andup.Mayincludeprolongedscenesofintenseviolence,graphicsexualcontentand/orgamblingwithrealcurrency.NotyetassignedafinalESRBrating.Appearsonlyinadvertising,marketingandpromotionalmaterialsrelatedtoaphysical(e.g.boxed)videogamethatisexpectedtocarryanESRBrating,andshouldbereplacedbyagame'sratingonceithasbeenassigned.NotyetassignedafinalESRBratingbutanticipatedtoberatedMature17+.Appearsonlyinadvertising,marketing,andpromotionalmaterialsrelatedtoaphysical(e.g.,boxed)videogamethatisexpectedtocarryanESRBrating,andshouldbereplacedbyagame’sratingsratingonceithasbeenassigned.21.WhatprimaryfunctiondoestheESRBratingsystemserveforconsumers?A.Standardizinggameplaymechanicsacrossplatforms.B.Facilitatingage-appropriatecontentselection.C.Certifyingtechnicalperformancebenchmarks.D.Promotingcross-culturalentertainmentexchanges.22.Whichcontentdescriptorwouldmostlikelyappearina“Mature17+”ratedgame?A.Cartoon-themedpuzzlechallenges. B.Simulatedstrategicresourcemanagement.C.Extendedsequencesofgraphiccombat. D.Educationalhistoricalreenactments.23.CriticReview:There’snothingoutwardlywrongwithArcaea.Thepresentationisbeautiful,therearesomefoot-tappingtracksinthere,andthere’scertainlyagenerousamountofcontenttoenjoy.It’sjustwaytoolatetothepartyforsomethingthatisn’tmeaningfullydifferenttoitspeers.Themusic’senjoyable,butnotstand-out,thegameplayistoo-familiarandwhileitdoeshavealotofprettygirlsandthatisaverynicething,isnotgoingtohelpitbecomeamemorable,standoutexampleofagenrethattheSwitchisalreadyover-subscribedwith.WhichESRBdesignationshouldtemporarilybeused?A.Generallysuitableforages13andup. B.Everyone10+withMinimalSuggestiveness.C.RatingPending—LikelyMature17+. D.TeenwithSimulatedGamblingElements.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了ESRB评级的作用以及详细的等级划分规则。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ESRBratingsprovideinformationaboutwhat’sinagameorappsoparentsandconsumerscanmakeinformedchoicesaboutwhichgamesarerightfortheirfamily.(ESRB评级提供了有关游戏或应用内容的信息，这样家长和消费者就可以在知情的情况下选择适合自己家庭的游戏)”可知，ESRB评级系统为消费者服务的主要功能是促进适合年龄的内容选择。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Mature17+部分中“Contentisgenerallysuitableforages17andup.Maycontainintenseviolence,bloodandgore,sexualcontentand/orstronglanguage.(内容一般适合17岁及以上。可能包含强烈暴力，血腥，色情内容和/或粗话)”可知，大篇幅的暴力战斗场面最有可能出现在“17+成人”级别的游戏中。故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据Teen部分“Contentisgenerallysuitableforages13andup.Maycontainviolence,suggestivethemes,crudehumor,minimalblood,simulatedgamblingand/orinfrequentuseofstronglanguage.(内容一般适合13岁及以上。可能包含暴力，暗示性主题，粗俗幽默，少量血腥，模拟赌博和/或很少使用激烈的语言)”可知，“评论：《阿卡亚》从表面上看并没有什么问题。演示很漂亮，有一些踢踏舞的音乐，当然也有大量的内容可供欣赏。对于那些与同类产品没有什么不同的东西来说，这已经太迟了。音乐很有趣，但并不突出，游戏玩法太过熟悉，虽然它有很多漂亮的女孩，这是一件非常好的事情，但这并不能帮助它成为一个令人难忘的，突出的例子，这是Switch已经过度订阅的类型”一般适合13岁及以上。故选A。BIndividualsaredifferentinhowtheyreacttoanxiety.Someburytheirheadsinthesandandignorethemountingsenseofanxietythatseemstooccupythesociety.Othersareinawatchfulstateandcan’tgetenoughoftheup-to-the-minutenewsandsocialmediafeeds.MartinBuberoncestatedthatwerelatedtothreethingsaroundus:nature,ourfellowmen,andhowyouviewtheworld.Whenweareinaburdened(忧虑的)state,wetendtotakenonoticeofanyofthese.Whenwebecomeunburdenedfromourdepressedselves,weareabletodiscoverthedelightsandwondersaroundandexperienceadeepsenseofthankfulness.Atatimewhennewsreportsareonlyaclickaway,people’sanxietybecomesextreme.Becauseof24/7media,theinternationalandtheinterpersonalhaveintegratedinawaythatwehaveneverseenbefore.Itseemsthatwe’velosttheabilitytomaintainourinnerpeace—andthat’snotjustamatterofhavingopposingviewsaboutissues.It’samatterofnothavingthepatiencetoinvolveindelightfulcommunicationandtoheareachother.Changingthesituationcan’tbeachievedovernight.It’snotaccidental,whichmustbeapproachedwithstrength.Itcomesfromtheeffortstoobtainunderstandingandcalm.Ourageofanxietypresentsuswithchallenges.Butoutofadversitycomesopportunity.Nevercanwemaintaincalmandexperiencethankfulnessatatimewhenweareburdened,worried,andanxious.Likeanythingelse,relaxationandcalmtakeabitofwork.Attempttolimityourexposuretoupdatesonthenewsandtakeacoupleofmomentstocountyourblessings—includingthepeopleinyourlifeandthefortunefromwhichyou’vebenefited.Asyoumayrealize,itistakingthingsforgrantedthatrobsyouofthefruitsofyourlabor.Prayingforgoodnessandplantingseedsofgratitudemaybeouronlywayout.24.Accordingtoparagraphtwo,whatmighthappentoarelaxedperson?A.Keepingupwiththelatestnewsitems. B.Seeingthebeautyinthesurroundings.C.Payingnoattentiontothestateofmind. D.Gettingonwellwithnatureandfellows.25.Whatmakespeopleanxiety-stricken?A.Thelargeamountofinformation. B.Thewidespreadfalsenews.C.Theopposingviewsonline. D.Thelackofpeacefultalks.26.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Methodstoovercomechallengesanddifficulties. B.Stepstorobbingpeopleoftheirfruitsoflabor.C.Tipsonlimitingexposuretonewsupdates. D.Waystoeaseanxietyandvalueblessings.27.Whichmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CountBlessingsInsteadofChallenges B.WatchOutfortheTrapsofMediaC.BeThankfulinanAgeofAnxiety D.TakeNothingOnlineforGranted【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在焦虑时代人们面对焦虑的不同反应，指出媒体使人们极度焦虑，强调要努力克服焦虑，心怀感恩。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenwebecomeunburdenedfromourdepressedselves,weareabletodiscoverthedelightsandwondersaroundandexperienceadeepsenseofthankfulness.(当我们从沮丧的自我中解脱出来时，我们就能发现周围的美好与奇妙，并体验到深深的感恩之情。)”可知，放松的人（从沮丧中解脱的人）能发现周围的美好，即看到环境中的美。故选B项。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Atatimewhennewsreportsareonlyaclickaway,people’sanxietybecomesextreme.Becauseof24/7media,theinternationalandtheinterpersonalhaveintegratedinawaythatwehaveneverseenbefore.(在新闻报道只需点击一下即可获取的时代，人们的焦虑变得极度严重。由于全天候媒体的存在，国际事务与人际交往以前所未有的方式融合在一起。)”可知，全天候媒体带来的大量信息（随时可获取的新闻）是人们焦虑的原因。故选A项。【26题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Attempttolimityourexposuretoupdatesonthenewsandtakeacoupleofmomentstocountyourblessings—includingthepeopleinyourlifeandthefortunefromwhichyou’vebenefited.Asyoumayrealize,itistakingthingsforgrantedthatrobsyouofthefruitsofyourlabor.Prayingforgoodnessandplantingseedsofgratitudemaybeouronlywayout.(尝试限制自己接触新闻更新，花点时间感恩你所拥有的一切——包括你生命中的人以及你所享有的福气。正如你可能意识到的，把一切视为理所当然会剥夺你的劳动成果。祈求美好、播下感恩的种子可能是我们唯一的出路。)”可知，该段核心是介绍缓解焦虑、珍惜福气的方法。故选D项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Nevercanwemaintaincalmandexperiencethankfulnessatatimewhenweareburdened,worried,andanxious.Likeanythingelse,relaxationandcalmtakeabitofwork.Attempttolimityourexposuretoupdatesonthenewsandtakeacoupleofmomentstocountyourblessings—includingthepeopleinyourlifeandthefortunefromwhichyou’vebenefited.(当我们负担沉重、忧心忡忡、焦虑不安时，我们永远无法保持冷静和感恩。像其他事情一样，放松和冷静需要一点努力。试着限制自己对新闻更新的接触，花点时间数数自己的福气——包括你生命中的人以及你所享有的福气。)”可知，文章主要讲述了在焦虑时代人们应保持平静、心怀感恩。由此可知，C项“BeThankfulinanAgeofAnxiety(在焦虑时代心怀感恩)”适合作为文章标题。故选C项。CItisuniversallybelievedthatthedestructionanddisappearanceofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁),essentialpartsoftheoceanecosystemthatsupportgreatbiodiversity,bringabsolutelynobenefitbutonlyseriousharmtotheenvironment.Infact,scientistshavefoundthattheirlossanddamagecouldmeanoceanscanabsorbmoreCO2,slowingthebuildupofthisgreenhousegasintheatmosphere.“ItisabeneficialeffectifyouonlycareabouttheconcentrationofCO2intheatmosphere,”saysLesterKwiatkowskiatSorbonneUniversityinParis,France.Buttheirreductionisharmfulforbiodiversityandleavescoastsexposedtorisingseas,hesays.HowmuchtheworldwillwarmdependsmainlyonthelevelofCO2intheatmosphere.Sofar,thelandandoceanshaveabsorbedaroundhalfoftheextraCO2wehaveemitted.ApopularbeliefisthatcoralsremoveCO2fromseawaterastheygrowtheirstructures.Actually,theprocess,calledcalcification(钙化),isanetsourceofCO2,addingmoreCO2thanitremoves.Observationsalsosuggestrisingseawatertemperaturesandoceans’absorptionofCO2arecausingcoralreefs’bleaching(白化)anddie-offs,sotheirreleaseofCO2isreduced.KwiatkowskiandhisteamtookpublishedestimatesofhowcoralswillbeaffectedbywarmingandabsorbedCO2inoceansandusedacomputermodeltoworkouthowthismightchangeoceancarbonabsorptioninvarioussituations.Theyconcludethattheoceanscouldtakeupbetween1%and5%morecarbonby2100,andupto13%moreby2300.Butthepreconditionofthestudyisthatcoralsaren’tabletoadapttothenewenvironment,saysChrisjuryattheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.IfKwiatkowski’steamiscorrect,theamountofthecarbonbudget,whichwillleadtoagivenlevelofwarming,isalittlelargerthancurrentlythought.“Ithinkwewouldlikeourbudgetstobeasaccurateaspossible,evenifwe’reblowingthroughthem,”saysKwiatkowski.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Listingenvironmentalbenefits. B.Describingcoralreefecosystems.C.Explainingcoraldeclineprocesses. D.Showingacontrastbetweenbeliefs.29.Whatcanbeinferredaboutcoralreefsfromparagraph2and3?A.WarmeroceanswithCO2helpthemgrow.B.OceanCO2levelscanbereducedbythem.C.Climatehasaverycloselinktocoralreefs.D.Coralreefspreventtherisingofsealevels.30.Whydoestheresearchneedtobeimproved?A.Itpredictssmallercarbonbudgets. B.Itignorescorals’adaptationability.C.Itusesunprovencomputermodels. D.Itconcludescarbonuptakeincrease.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ReefsinCrisis:AWarmingWorld’sEffect B.OceansDiscovery:AnUnexpectedFindingC.BeyondtheBleaching:TheHiddenBenefits D.SavingCoralReefs:NewScientificMethods【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了珊瑚礁消失可能对环境有益的意外发现。科学家发现，珊瑚礁的减少可能使海洋吸收更多二氧化碳，从而减缓温室气体在大气中的积累。【28题详析】推理判断题。文章第一段提到“Itisuniversallybelievedthatthedestructionanddisappearanceofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁),essentialpartsoftheoceanecosystemthatsupportgreatbiodiversity,bringabsolutelynobenefitbutonlyseriousharmtotheenvironment.(人们普遍认为，珊瑚礁的破坏与消失（珊瑚礁是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分，支撑着丰富的生物多样性）不仅不会给环境带来任何益处，反而会带来严重的危害。)”，紧接着又指出“Infact,scientistshavefoundthattheirlossanddamagecouldmeanoceanscanabsorbmoreCO2,slowingthebuildupofthisgreenhousegasintheatmosphere.(事实上，科学家发现，它们的损失和破坏可能意味着海洋可以吸收更多的二氧化碳，减缓这种温室气体在大气中的积累。)”，这里通过展示人们普遍认为的观点和科学家实际发现的情况之间的对比，来引入话题。故选D项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“HowmuchtheworldwillwarmdependsmainlyonthelevelofCO2intheatmosphere.(世界变暖的程度主要取决于大气中二氧化碳的含量。)”以及第三段中“Observationsalsosuggestrisingseawatertemperaturesandoceans’absorptionofCO2arecausingcoralreefs’bleaching(白化)anddie-offs,sotheirreleaseofCO2isreduced.(观察还表明，海水温度上升和海洋吸收二氧化碳导致珊瑚礁白化和死亡，因此它们释放的二氧化碳减少了。)”，可以看出大气中二氧化碳含量影响世界变暖程度，而海水温度和海洋吸收二氧化碳又与珊瑚礁相关，珊瑚礁又影响二氧化碳的释放，所以可以推断出气候与珊瑚礁有着非常密切的联系。故选C项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Butthepreconditionofthestudyisthatcoralsaren’tabletoadapttothenewenvironment,saysChrisjuryattheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.(但是，夏威夷大学马诺阿分校的克里斯·朱里说，这项研究的前提是珊瑚无法适应新环境。)”可知，这项研究需要改进的原因是它忽略了珊瑚的适应能力。故选B项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段先提出人们普遍认为珊瑚礁的破坏和消失对环境只有危害，接着转折指出科学家发现其损失和破坏可能使海洋吸收更多二氧化碳，减缓温室气体在大气中的积累，后面又围绕这一发现展开讨论，包括研究过程、研究前提等，整体是在讲述珊瑚礁除了白化等危害外，还有隐藏的益处。因此文章主要讨论了珊瑚礁减少可能带来的意外好处，即海洋吸收更多二氧化碳。C选项“BeyondtheBleaching:TheHiddenBenefits(白化现象之外：那些未被察觉的益处)”概括文章主要内容，适合标题。故选C。DArtificialintelligencecantakedownmorethanroutineemails.Ithasnowwrittentinyworkinggenomes(基因组).ResearchersreportinapaperpostedtobioR.,twoAImodelsdesignedtheblueprintsfor16virusescapableofattackingEscherichiacoli(大肠杆菌)inlabdishes.GiventhatAImodelshavealreadybeenusedtodesignindividualgenesandproteins,BrianHie,acomputationalbiologistatStanfordUniversityandtheArcInstituteinPaloAlto,Calif.turnedtotheirownAImodels,calledEvo1andEvo2,toseeiftheycouldcreategenomesforbacteria-killingviruses.Themodelsweretrainedonbillionsofpairsofthegeneticalphabet’sbasicunits,A,C,GandT’s,fromphagegenomesthewayChatGPTwastrainedonnovelsandInternetposts.Theteamusedaphage(噬菌体)calledΦX174—whichin1977becamethefirstDNA-basedgenomeeversequenced—asaguidetohelptheAIdesignasimilargenome.Evo1andEvo2generatedroughly300potentialphagegenomes.Ofthose,16producedviableviruses.SomeofthephagesevenkilledE.colimorequicklythanΦX174did.AndalthoughΦX174couldn’tkillphage-resistantE.colionitsown,mixtureofAI-generatedphagesrapidlyevolvedtoovercomethebacteria’sresistancetoinfection.ThefindingssuggestthatAIcouldhelpresearchersdevelopvirusestouseinphagetherapy,apotentialoptiontotreatmicrobial(微生物的)infections.Scientistsarestilldebatingwhethervirusesarealiveornot.“Whilethere’salotofworktogo,usingAItodesignlivingorganismsisastepforward”,saysKimberlyDavis,amicrobiologistatJohnsHopkinsBloombergSchoolofPublicHealthwhowasn’tinvolvedinthework.“Itisverylikelytobeusedinthemicrobialmanufacturingprocessessuchascultivatingmicrobesthatdegradeplastic.”32.WhatcanbeinferredaboutEvo1andEvo2inparagraph2?A.Theydesigneddesirablegenomes.B.TheycreatedDNA-basedgenomes.C.TheyguidedΦX174todesignphagegenomes.D.TheysharedthesametrainingmethodasChatGPT.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viable”inparagraph3mean?A.Workable. B.Infectious. C.Deadly D.inferior.34.WhatdoesKimberlyDavis’swordssuggest?A.Potentialapplicationofthefindings. B.Needtoinvolvemoreresearches.C.Methodsofdesigningorganisms. D.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Escherichiacoli:phage-resistantbacteria.B.AI-generatedgenome:atinybacteriakiller.C.AI-designedphages:aDNA-basedgenome.D.Evo1andEvo2:phagegenomegenerators.【答案】32.D33.A34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究人员利用名为Evo1和Evo2的人工智能模型设计出了能够攻击大肠杆菌的噬菌体基因组，这些基因组产生的病毒有的甚至比已知的噬菌体更有效，文章还探讨了这一发现的应用潜力。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Themodelsweretrainedonbillionsofpairsofthegeneticalphabet’sbasicunits,A,C,GandT’s,fromphagegenomesthewayChatGPTwastrainedonnovelsandInternetposts.(这些模型接受了来自噬菌体基因组的数十亿对遗传字母基本单位A、C、G和T的训练，就像ChatGPT接受小说和互联网帖子训练一样。)”可知，Evo1和Evo2与ChatGPT的训练方法相同，都是通过分析大量的数据来进行训练的。故选D。【33题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Ofthose,16producedviableviruses.SomeofthephagesevenkilledE.colimorequicklythanΦX174did.(其中，16个产生了viable病毒。其中一些噬菌体甚至比ΦX174更快地杀死大肠杆菌。)”可知，这些由人工智能生成的噬菌体基因组产生了能够实际起作用、能够杀死大肠杆菌的病毒，由此可推测出viable意为“可行的，起作用的”，与Workable意思相近。故选A。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Whilethere’salotofworktogo,usingAItodesignlivingorganismsisastepforward.(虽然还有很多工作要做，但使用人工智能来设计生物体是向前迈出的一步。)”和“Itisverylikelytobeusedinthemicrobialmanufacturingprocessessuchascultivatingmicrobesthatdegradeplastic.(它很可能被用于微生物制造过程，例如培养降解塑料的微生物。)”可知，KimberlyDavis认为虽然还有很多工作要做，但使用人工智能设计生物体是向前迈出的一步，这一发现很可能会被用于微生物制造过程，比如培养降解塑料的微生物，由此可推测出KimberlyDavis的话暗示了这一发现的潜在应用。故选A。【35题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Artificialintelligencecantakedownmorethanroutineemails.Ithasnowwrittentinyworkinggenomes(基因组).ResearchersreportinapaperpostedtobioR.,twoAImodelsdesignedtheblueprintsfor16virusescapableofattackingEscherichiacoli(大肠杆菌)inlabdishes.(人工智能能处理的不仅仅是日常电子邮件。它现在已经编写出了微小的工作基因组。研究人员在bioR上发布的一篇论文中报告称，两个人工智能模型设计了16种能够在实验室培养皿中攻击大肠杆菌的病毒蓝图。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员利用名为Evo1和Evo2的人工智能模型设计出了能够攻击大肠杆菌的噬菌体基因组，这些基因组产生的病毒有的甚至比已知的噬菌体更有效，B项（人工智能生成的基因组：一种微小的细菌杀手。）概括了文章的主要内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.___36___Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.___37___Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.___38___MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.___39___Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特点)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.___40___Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.They’reallmemoriesItreasuretoday.A.Iwasn'taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.【答案】36.G37.D38.A39.F40.E【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。【36题详析】设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“Myelderbrother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。【37题详析】根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。【38题详析】根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。【39题详析】根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。【40题详析】根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。第三部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fewdisciplinesillustratetheresultsofbeingpersistentlikedance.Bybeing____41____intheirtraining,dancerscanimprovetheirarttolevelsthat____42____newprofessionaldoorstothem.Thelatest____43____ofthisisItaliandancerM