陕西西安市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西西安市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAlbertEinstein(1879-1955)HerevolutionizedmodernphysicswithhisGeneralTheoryofRelativity.HewontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsforhisdiscoveryofthePhotoelectricEffect,whichformedthebasisoftheQuantumTheory.However,hewasn’talwaysconsideredagenius.Hedidn’tspeakuntilhewasfour,andcouldn’treaduntilhewasseven.Histeachersandparentsthoughthewasslow,sohewasdrivenfromschoolandcouldn’tgetintotheZurichPolytechnicSchool.Helaterfamouslysaid,“Failureissuccessinprogress.”FrankLloydWright(1867-1959)FrankLloydWright,widelyregardedasAmerica’sgreatestarchitect,pioneeredthephilosophyof“organicarchitecture”thatrevolutionizedmoderndesign.Hisinnovativeapproachemphasizedcreatingstructuresthatexistedinharmonywiththeirnaturalsurroundings,aconceptthatgrewfromhischildhoodexperiencesinruralWisconsin.HedesignedbuildingsandhomesacrosstheUnitedStatesformorethan70years.Hecreatedmostofhisworksfrom1900throughthe1950s,buthisopen-livingspacesandimaginativedesignsstillappearverymoderntoday.JohannesBrahms(1833-1897)JohannesBrahmswasaleadingGermancomposerandpianistoftheRomanticperiod.Asamasterofsymphonicandchambermusic,heisoftengroupedwithBachandBeethovenasoneofthe“ThreeB”.Unlikehiscontemporaries,Brahmswasknownforhisabsolutemusic,avoidingtheprogrammaticelementspopularatthetime.HismajorworksincludetheGermanRequiem,theViolinConcerto,andtheHungarianDances.HecreatedauniquesoundthatblendedclassicalstructureswithrichRomanticexpression,securinghislegacyasatimelessfigureinWesternclassicalmusic.1.WhatdidAlbertEinsteinwintheNobelPrizeinPhysicsfor?A.HisdiscoveryofthePhotoelectricEffect.B.HisGeneralTheoryofRelativity.C.Hisresearchonthehistoryofphysics.D.Hisexplanationofchildren’slearningspeed.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutFrankLloydWrightfromthetext?A.Mostofhisworkswerecreatedafterthe1950s.B.Heistheonlyarchitectwhofocusesonnaturalsurroundingsinhisdesigns.C.His“organicarchitecture”philosophyhadagreatinfluenceonmoderndesign.D.Hespenthiswholechildhoodinbigcitiesanddrewinspirationfromurbanlife.3.WhatdoAlbertEinstein,FrankLloydWrightandJohannesBrahmshaveincommon?A.Theywereborninthe20thcentury.B.TheygraduatedfromtheZurichPolytechnicSchool.C.Theycompletelyrejectedprofessionaltraditions.D.Theymadelastingcontributionstotheirownfields.BManytravelershavetoyedwiththeideaofvisitingeachnationalpark,buttheGoldsteinsfromCharlotte,NorthCarolina,madeitarealitybeforetheirtwokids,LukeandWinston,turned18．Theyspentsixyearscompletingtheirjourney.DadBillexplainedthateveryschoolbreak,theywouldtrytovisitparks.Alongtheway,thefamilymadesomesacrifices(牺牲):fromeatingbreadoutofacoolerthebackofthecartostayingineconomicalaccommodations.Billcreditshiswife,Alisa,withmanagingthebudgetandkeepingcostsdown.Heradviceforothersstartingtheirownnationalparkadventuresistobeginwithparksthatarenearbyandgraduallyexplorefarther.TheGoldsteinsoftenvisitedseveralparksononetrip,including11parksduringthesummeraftertheirfirstvisittoYosemite.Thefamilydidn’tneedfancyequipment—justthebasicslikesunprotection,firstaid,andplentyofwater.Oneofthemostdangerousthingstheyfacedwasdehydration.Lukerememberedrunningoutofwater10milesfromtheendofahikeatTheodoreRooseveltNationalPark.Theyhadtodependonpatience,faith,anddeterminationtomakeitback.AkeypartoftheirexperiencewastheJuniorrangerProgram,whichisavailableatnearlyeverynationalpark.Kidsareinvitedtocompletealistofeducationalactivitiestoearnajuniorrangerbadge(徽章),whichhelpsthemconnectwithandunderstandthepark.Initially,Lukethoughtbeingwithoutphoneserviceandawayfromfriendswastheworstpart.Heoftencomplainedabouttoughhikes.Butlookingback,herealizedhowthejourneyshapedhim,makinghimmoreresponsibleandappreciativeofbothhisfamilyandnature.Today,theGoldsteinscontinuevisitingnationalparks,whichcontinuestoteachthemthevalueofdetermination,familyconnections,andappreciationofthenaturalworld.4.WhatisAlisaGoldstein’sadviceforotherswhowillstartthenationalparkadventures?A.Onlyvisitingaparkwithfamilyatatime.B.Findingaprofessionalguideduringeachadventure.C.Seekingexpertfinancialadvicebeforetheadventures.D.Startingwithnearparksandexploringfarthergradually.5.Howcanthekidsgetthejuniorrangerbadge?A.Byfinishingeducationalactivities. B.Byhiking10milesinthepark.C.Bymanagingthetravelbudget. D.Byvisitingallnationalparks.6.WhatisLuke’sattitudetowardsthetripsnow?A.Opposed. B.Grateful. C.Doubtful. D.Unknown.7.Wherecanyoureadthepassage?A.Inafashionmagazine. B.Inasciencetextbook.C.Inatravelmagazine. D.Inasportsnewspaper.CCommunicationismorethanjustwords.Infact,studiesshowthatwhenmeetingastranger,only7%oftheimpressionwemakecomesfromouractualwords.Ourtoneofvoicecontributes38%,andahuge55%comesfrombodylanguage—theunspokensignalswesendthroughgestures,postures,andfacialexpressions.Thissilentlanguageoftenrevealsourtruefeelings,evenwhenourwordssaysomethingdifferent.Takehandgesturesasanexample.Asalesmanmightnoticeacustomerrestingtheirhandontheirchinduringapresentation.Thisgestureusuallybetokensdisinterest,tellingthesalesmanthatthecustomerisnotengaged.Ontheotherhand,openpalmsareoftenasignofhonestyandopennessacrossmanycultures.Eyecontactisanotherpowerfulpartofbodylanguage.Whensomeonelooksatyouwithdilatedpupils(瞳孔),itoftenmeanstheyareinterestedinwhatyou’resaying.Butiftheirpupilsshrink(缩小)andtheirgazefeelssharp,theymightbefeelingunfriendlyorchallengingyou.However,theruleschangewithculture;insomeAsiancountries,avoidingdirecteyecontactshowsrespect,whileinWesterncultures,itcanseemrudeoruntrustworthy.Facialexpressions,especiallysmiles,arealsokey.Agenuinesmileinvolvesnotjustthemouthbutalsotheeyes,creating“crow’sfeet”aroundthem.Fakesmiles,bycontrast,onlyusethemouthmuscles.Butevensmileshaveculturaldifferences.Insomecountries,asmilemighthideembarrassment,notjusthappiness.Expertssuggestatechniquecalled“mirroring”tobuildconnection.Thismeansgentlycopyingtheotherperson’sbodylanguage—likeleaningforwardiftheydo,orusingsimilargestures.Thekeyistodoitnaturally;forcedmirroringcanfeelinsincere.Bodylanguageisaskillwecanlearn.Byunderstandingthesesilentsignals,wecancommunicatemoreeffectivelyandbuildbetterrelationshipswithothers.8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadintothemaintopicofbodylanguage.B.Toshowtheresultsofastudyoncommunication.C.Toexplainthedifferencesbetweenwordsandtones.D.Todescribehowtomakeagoodimpressiononstrangers.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“betokens”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Advocates. B.Inquires. C.Indicates. D.Consumes.10.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Theimportanceofbodylanguageinaninterview.B.DifferencesinusingeyecontactinAsiancountries.C.Howtomakeagoodimpressionthrougheyecontact.D.Eyecontactservingasakeyelementofbodylanguage.11.Whatcanbeknownfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Bodylanguagecanbeverydifficulttomaster.B.Mirroringmustbedonenaturallytoworkwell.C.Mirroringisthebestwaytobuildconnectionwithothers.D.It’snotessentialtounderstandsilentsignalsformostpeople.DMostairconditionersuserefrigerantgasescalledHFCs(氢氟碳化合物),whicharehundredsoftimesmoreeffectiveattrappingheatintheatmospherethanCO2.Researchershavelongsoughtwaystoproducecoolingsystemsthatdowithoutthesetroublesomegases.NowExergyn,aDublin-basedcompany,claimstohavedevelopedanewtypeofairconditioningwhichavoidsusingHFCs.Exergyn’ssystemusesnitinol,ashape-memoryalloy(合金)ofnickelandtitanium.Allshape-memoryalloysreleaseheatwhencompressed(压缩),andthenabsorbitwhenthepressureisreleasedandtheyreturntotheiroriginalshape.ButExergyn’sversionofnitinoldisplaysthisqualitytoaremarkabledegree.Foritsexperimentalmodel,thecompanyproduced4cm2²platesofthealloy,eachwithholestopermitthepassageofaheat-carryingliquidorgas.Arangeofeco-friendlysubstancessuchaswater,saltywaterandaircanbeemployedinthatrole,thusavoidingtheuseofHFCs.KevinO’Toole,Exergyn’smanagingdirector,explains,“Tobuildarefrigeratorinvolvesfittingtheseplatestogetherintostacksof50ormore.Fourstacksmakeaunit.Thestacksarecompressedinturn.Atanygivenmoment,onestackisbeingcompressed,onereleased,onepre-heatedandonepre-cooled.Tocoolaroominvolvespassingonehotcircuitandonecoldcircuitoftheheat-carryingfluidorgasthroughthisfour-stackunit.”ThismethodofcoolingisnotonlymoreenvironmentallyfriendlythananHFCset-up,butwillalsobelessexpensivetobuyand30%—40%cheapertorun.Itwillbelighterandsmaller,too.Asforreliability,theprototype’sperformancesuggeststheunitcouldoperateformorethan40yearswithoutaproblem.Developmentisstillcontinuing,butproductsmaybeonlyafewyearsaway.Exergynhasalsobeguntalkswithcarmakersandaerospacecompaniesaboutsettingupjoint-developmentprojects.Withcarsandsomesmallaircraftgoingelectric,itisnotjustcoolingthecabinthatmanufacturershavetothinkabout,butalsocoolingthebatteries.12.WhydidExergyndevelopanewtypeofairconditioning?A.BecauseHFCsareharmfultotheatmosphere.B.Becausetraditionalairconditionersaretooexpensivetorun.C.BecausenitinoliseasiertogetthanHFCsinthemarket.D.Becauseresearchersforcedthecompanytodoso.13.WhichaspectofExergyn’snewairconditioningsystemismainlydescribedinparagraph3?A.Itscosts. B.Itsdesigner.C.Itsadvantage. D.Itsworkingprocess.14.WhatwillExergyndonext?A.Itislikelytoexpanditsbusiness.B.Itwillshiftitsfocustobatteryproduction.C.Itplanstogreatlyincreaseitsadvertisingspend.D.Itwillsetupacompanytoproducevehicles.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AirConditioners:AMethodofCooling B.Nitinol:ACoolerAlternativeC.Exergyn:ANewCompany D.CO2andHFCs:PotentialCrises第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Althoughdrivingyourcarislikelysecondnature,asuccessfulroadtripismorethanjustshiftingyourvehicleto“drive”.____16____Luckily,wehaveallthekeysyouneedforagreatone.Planyourrouteandbudget.____17____Then,designaroutethatbalancesdrivingtimewithinterestingstops,turningthejourneyintoanessentialpartoftheadventure.Finally,createaclearbudgetcoveringfuel,accommodation.andparking.Thisunlocksthetruefreedomoftheroad,freefromfinancialstress.____18____Yourcarisyourtravelpartner.Assuch,makesureit’sreadyforthechallenge.Conductadetailedinspectionoftirepressure,engineoil,coolant,brakes,andlightstopreventunexpectedbreakdownsreliablevehiclenotonlyensuresyoursafetybutalsobuildsconfidenceforthoselong,openstretches.Arrangeyourstopsandaccommodation.Thejoyofunplanneddiscoveriesispartofthefun.____19____Identifymust-visit-spots,localrestaurants,andlodgingoptionsalongyourroute—andconsidermakingreservationsduringpeaktravelperiods.Thisapproachletsyouexplorewithpeaceofmind,knowingyouressentialsaresecuredwhileleavingroomfordelightfulsurprises.Packsmartwithachecklist.Createatailoredpackinglistthatcoversclothing,toiletries,emergencysupplies,andcardocuments.Organizeitemsbycategoryandcheckthemoffasyouloadyourvehicle.____20____Withallthekeysinhand,allthat’sleftistohittheroadandbeginyouradventure.A.Conductavehiclesafetycheck.B.Butalittleresearchensuresyouwon’tmisskeysights.C.Thetimeyouspendmakingalistoftheplacesyouwanttovisitwillpayback.D.Herearesomeessentialtipstoensureyoursafetyontheroad.E.Youneedtopreparewithaneyetoeverythingfromstarttotheend.F.Thissimplehabitensuresyouhaveeverythingneededforacomfortableandwell-preparedtrip.G.Startbychoosingadestinationthatinspiresyoulikeasceniccoastlineorahistoriclandmark.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。At32,DuanYanyancouldhavehadastablecareerinBeijing.However,he____21____toworkinLaotingcounty,Hebei,aplacefullofsaline-alkali(盐碱)land.Withabackgroundinhardwaredevelopment,hesaid,“Officeworkfeltdisconnectedfromrealfarming.Beinginthefieldhelpsmeusemachines,find____22____,andfixthemdirectly.”In2023,Duan____23____LaotingAgriculturalGroupasahardwareengineer.Heledateamtodevelopautomatedsystemsforthe____24____.Theytransformed1,500muoflow-yieldlandintorichfield.Thericeyield____25____sevenhundredkilogramsperunit.Howdidtheydoit?ByusingtechnologieslikeloT,automatedmachines,anddataapps.“Farmerscan____26____soilmoistureontheirphonesandcontrolwaterwithsmartvalves,”Duanexplained.Thisnotonlycutsfertilizerwastebutalsoimproves____27____.Unmannedequipmenthasalsomadethelaborcosts____28____.Theteamalso____29____“greeninnovation”:raisingcrabsandcrayfishinpaddyfields.Flushingwateroften____30____soilsalinity(盐度),andthishelpsbothriceandseafood.Workingwithresearchinstitutes,theytestnewseeds.“Farmersusedtodoubtthese____31____seeds,”Duansaid.“But____32____themyielddataaftereachharvesthelpsthemtrustus.”Today,theteamusesAItomakeplantingmodels____33____.“Wewantsmartfarmingtobeeasyforeveryonetouse,”Duansaid.“OurtechcanhelpChinese____34____developandmorefarmerslivebetterlives.”Throughhardwork,Duanshowsthattechnologycanturn____35____landintorichfarms—alessonbeyondanytextbook.21.A.continued B.denied C.suspected D.chose22.A.objectives B.problems C.wires D.labels23.A.amused B.reacted C.joined D.estimated24.A.farm B.airline C.steel D.spacecraft25.A.appealedto B.gotinvolvedin C.attendedto D.wentupto26.A.recall B.monitor C.shift D.decrease27.A.faults B.consumption C.harvests D.budgets28.A.drop B.subscribe C.stop D.stay29.A.defeated B.trialed C.predicted D.ceased30.A.reduces B.outputs C.boosts D.ignores31.A.liquid B.domestic C.unfamiliar D.conventional32.A.cheating B.ordering C.warning D.showing33.A.better B.lower C.taller D.narrower34.A.appliances B.education C.agriculture D.statistic35.A.expensive B.poor C.appropriate D.alternative第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IntheheartofChina’slargestdesert,theTaklimakan,beneaththegoldensandsoftheNiyaruinssiteintheXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion,afinelycraftedbrocade(织锦)armprotector____36____(discover)thirtyyearsago.____37____relicemerged(出现)fromthedepthsofthedesert,itscolorsasvividasifithadbeenmadeyesterday.Itsdiscoveryrevealedhow____38____(advance)thecraftsmanshipoftheHanDynastywas.FromthedustytombsoftheNiyaruins____39____thestageofmodern-dayperformance,thebrocadehasfoundnewlifeinadancedramatitledOrientalLegend,avividreimaginingofitsstory.The____40____(dancer)presenttheaesthetics(美学)oftheHanDynastyintheirappearanceandmakeup.Thisproduction,first____41____(perform)in2021,bringsthebrocadetolifewithimpressivechoreography(舞蹈设计),powerfulmusic,andstunningcostumes,leadingaudiencesintoahistoricalworldwhere____42____(difference)culturesmeetandunite.Sofar,thedancedramahastraveledbeyondChina’sborders,____43____(represent)asignificantculturalmilestoneintheongoingefforttoshareChina’srichheritagewiththeworld.____44____thesedanceperformancesintroducetoglobalaudiencesisastorythathasbeenpreservedforover2,000years.Inaworldwherehistoryoftenfeelsdistant,wehavetheopportunity____45____(show)culturesacrosstimeandspacecancometogether.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，是校英语周报（EnglishWeekly）的一名编辑，请给你校留学生Leo写一封邮件，邀请他做一次主题为“TheStoriesofOverseasStudentsinChina”的访谈。内容包括：（1）写信目的；（2）访谈时间和话题；（3）表达期望。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearLeo,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分20分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwastimefortheannualPotato-SaladContestinRussetPark.Aftertryingforthethirdtime,Alexisshookherheadsadly.TherewasnowayshewouldwintheGoldenPotatoagainbecauseGrandpawasn’therethisyear.MemoriesofhowGrandpataughthertomakepotatoroseinhermind.ShesighedandmissedGrandpasomuch.Alexiscutthepotatoesandmixedtheboiledpotatoes,somesaucesandalittlesaltandpeppersinabowl.Butitdidn’ttasteright.Alexistriedabiteofthesaladmixture,wonderingwhatwasmissing.S