2026年英语四级《阅读》历年真题

2026年英语四级《阅读》历年真题PartIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"digitaldetox"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsasindividualsstruggletofindabalancebetweenconnectivityandpersonalwell-being.Whilesmartphonesandtheinternethaveundoubtedlyrevolutionizedcommunicationandaccesstoinformation,theconstantbarrageofnotificationscanleadtoincreasedstressandanxiety.AstudyconductedbytheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundthatlimitingsocialmediausageto30minutesadayresultedinsignificantreductionsinlonelinessanddepression.Thissuggeststhatwhiletechnologykeepsusconnecteddigitally,itmaybecreatingasenseofisolationintherealworld.Proponentsofdigitaldetoxarguethattakingabreakfromscreensallowspeopletoreconnectwiththeirphysicalsurroundingsandengageinface-to-faceinteractions.Thisshiftinfocuscanfosterdeeperrelationshipsandimprovementalclarity.However,criticssuggestthatcompletelyabstainingfromtechnologyisimpracticalinamodernsocietywhereworkandsociallifeareheavilyreliantondigitaltools.Instead,theyadvocatefor"digitalmindfulness,"whichinvolvesbeingmoreintentionalaboutdeviceusageratherthaneliminatingitentirely.Regardlessoftheapproach,thegoalistoregaincontroloverone'sdigitallife.Bysettingboundaries,suchasturningoffnotificationsduringdinnerordesignating"tech-free"zonesinthehome,individualscanmitigatethenegativeeffectsofscreentime.Ultimately,thekeyisnottodemonizetechnologybuttouseitasatoolforenhancementratherthanasourceofdistraction.A)advocatesB)anxietyC)barrageD)clarityE)communicationF)completelyG)conductedH)connectionsI)criticalJ)demonizeK)distractionsL)eliminatingM)enhancementsN)isolationO)usageSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheRiseofVerticalFarminginUrbanLandscapesA)Asurbanizationcontinuestoaccelerate,theavailabilityofarablelandisshrinkingatanalarmingrate.By2050,itisprojectedthatnearly70%oftheworld'spopulationwillresideincities,posingasignificantchallengetotraditionalagriculturewhichrequiresvastexpansesofland.Inresponsetothiscrisis,verticalfarminghasemergedasarevolutionarysolution,promisingtotransformtheconcretejunglesofthefutureintoself-sustainingfoodhubs.B)Verticalfarmingisthepracticeofgrowingcropsinverticallystackedlayers,oftenintegratedintootherstructureslikeskyscrapers,shippingcontainers,orwarehouses.Thismethodutilizescontrolled-environmentagriculture(CEA)technology,whichoptimizesgrowingconditionstoensureplantsreceivethepreciseamountoflight,humidity,andnutrientstheyneed.Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingisnotdependentonweatherpatterns,meaningitcanproducefoodyear-roundregardlessofexternalclimateconditions.C)Oneofthemostcompellingadvantagesofverticalfarmingisitsefficiencyinwaterusage.Traditionalagricultureisnotoriouslywater-intensive,oftenleadingtothedepletionoflocalwatersources.Incontrast,verticalfarmingemployshydroponicoraeroponicsystemsthatuseupto95%lesswaterthanconventionalfieldfarming.Thesesystemsaredesignedtorecirculatewater,deliveringitdirectlytotheplantrootsandsignificantlyreducingevaporationandrunoff.D)Furthermore,verticalfarmingdrasticallyreducestheneedforpesticides.Sincecropsaregrowninacontrolled,indoorenvironment,thethreatofpestsandweedsisvirtuallyeliminated.Thisnotonlyreducesthechemicalrunoffthatpolluteslocalecosystemsbutalsoensuresthattheproduceiscleanerandsaferforconsumption.Consumersareincreasinglydemandingorganicandpesticide-freefoodoptions,ademandthatverticalfarmingisuniquelypositionedtomeet.E)Theeconomicimplicationsofverticalfarmingarealsoprofound.Bybringingfoodproductionclosertotheconsumer,transportationcostsareslashed,andthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithfooddistributionisminimized.Currently,theaveragefooditemtravelsover1,500milesfromfarmtotable.Verticalfarmslocatedinurbancenterscanreducethisdistancetomeremiles,ensuringfresherproduceforcitydwellersandreducingtheenvironmentalimpactoflong-haultrucking.F)Despiteitspotential,verticalfarmingfacessignificanthurdles,primarilyrelatedtoenergyconsumption.Theartificiallightingrequiredtosimulatesunlight,aswellastheclimatecontrolsystems,consumevastamountsofelectricity.Criticsarguethatunlessthisenergyissourcedfromrenewables,theenvironmentalbenefitsofwaterconservationcouldbeoffsetbythecarbonemissionsgeneratedfrompowerplants.G)However,advancementsinLEDtechnologyandtheintegrationofsolarpanelsarehelpingtoaddresstheseenergychallenges.ModernLEDsaresignificantlymoreenergy-efficientthanoldergrowlights,andsomeverticalfarmsaregeneratingtheirowncleanenergyon-site.Astechnologycontinuestoevolve,theenergyprofileofverticalfarmingisexpectedtoimprove,makingitamoresustainableandviableoptionforthefuture.H)Anotherchallengeisthehighinitialcapitalinvestmentrequiredtosetupaverticalfarm.Thecostoflandinurbancenters,combinedwiththeexpenseofhigh-techequipment,canbeprohibitiveformanystartups.Thishasledtoaconcentrationofverticalfarmsinwealthiernationsortech-centriccities,potentiallywideningthegapinfoodsecuritybetweendevelopedanddevelopingregions.I)Toovercomefinancialbarriers,somecompaniesareexploringmodularfarmingunitsthatcanbedeployedinexistingunusedspaces,suchasabandonedbuildingsorparkinglots.These"farm-in-a-box"solutionsrequirelessupfrontinvestmentandofferflexibility,allowingfarmerstoscaleoperationsasdemandgrows.Thisadaptabilitycouldbecrucialforintegratingagricultureintodiverseurbanenvironments.J)Inconclusion,verticalfarmingrepresentsaparadigmshiftinhowweapproachfoodproductioninanincreasinglyurbanizedworld.Whilechallengesregardingenergyandcostremain,thebenefitsofwaterconservation,reducedpesticideuse,andlocalizedfoodproductionareundeniable.Astechnologyadvancesandurbanpopulationsgrow,verticalfarmingmaynotjustbeanoptionbutanecessityforglobalfoodsecurity.11.Verticalfarmingallowsforyear-roundfoodproductionbyutilizingcontrolled-environmentagriculturetechnology.12.Traditionalfarmingmethodsoftenleadtowaterdepletion,whereasverticalfarmingsystemsrecirculatewatertominimizewaste.13.Thehighcostofsettingupverticalfarmsincitiescanpreventtheirwidespreadadoption,particularlyinlesswealthyregions.14.Bylocatingfarmswithincitycenters,thedistancefoodtravelsissignificantlyreduced,whichlowerstransportationcostsandcarbonemissions.15.Criticspointoutthattheheavyrelianceonelectricityforlightingandclimatecontrolcannegatetheenvironmentalbenefitsofverticalfarming.16.Modularfarmingunitsofferacost-effectivesolutionbyutilizingexistingurbanspaceslikeabandonedbuildings.17.Therapidgrowthofurbanpopulationsisreducingtheamountoflandavailablefortraditionalagriculture.18.Verticalfarmingeliminatestheneedforpesticidesbycreatingasealedindoorenvironmentthatprotectscropsfrompests.19.TheintegrationofsolarpanelsandadvancementsinLEDtechnologyarehelpingtoreducetheenergyconsumptionofverticalfarms.20.Verticalfarminginvolvesgrowingcropsinstackedlayerswithinstructuressuchaswarehousesorskyscrapers.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.The"gigeconomy"—characterizedbyshort-termcontractsandfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs—hasbeenasubjectofintensedebateamongeconomistsandpolicymakers.Initiallyhailedasapathwaytofreedomandflexibility,allowingworkerstobetheirownbossesandchoosetheirownhours,thegigeconomyisfacingabacklash.Criticsarguethatithascreatedaclassof"precariat"—workerswholivewithlittlepredictabilityorsecurityintheiremployment.Forworkers,theprimaryallureofgigworkisflexibility.Astudentcandriveforaride-sharingappbetweenclasses,orastay-at-homeparentcantakeonfreelancewritingprojectsduringnaptimes.Thisautonomyishighlyvaluedinaculturethatincreasinglyprioritizeswork-lifebalance.However,thisflexibilityoftencomesatasteepprice.Gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractors,meaningtheyarenotentitledtobenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidsickleave,orretirementplans.Furthermore,theybearthecostsoftheirownequipment,maintenance,andexpenses.Fromtheperspectiveofbusinesses,thegigeconomyoffersawaytoreducelaborcostsandincreaseagility.Companiescanscaletheirworkforceupordownrapidlyinresponsetodemandwithouttheburdenofpayrolltaxesorseverancepackages.Thisjust-in-timelabormodelishighlyefficientforthecompanybutshiftstheriskofmarketfluctuationsentirelyontotheworker.Duringadownturn,acompanysimplyreducesitsdemandforgigworkers,whoareleftwithnoincomestreamandnounemploymentbenefits.Thelegallandscapeisstrugglingtokeeppacewiththesechanges.Courtsaroundtheworldaregrapplingwiththequestionofwhethergigworkersshouldbereclassifiedasemployees.Insomejurisdictions,legislationhasbeenpassedtograntgigworkersbasicrights,suchasminimumwageguarantees.However,platformsoftenresistthesechanges,arguingthatreclassificationwoulddestroythebusinessmodelthatprovidesflexibilitytoworkers.Ultimately,thefutureofthegigeconomywilllikelyinvolveacompromise.Hybridmodelsmayemergewhereworkersretainsomeflexibilitywhilegainingaccesstoaportablesafetynetthattravelswiththemfromjobtojob.Associetygrappleswiththedefinitionofemploymentinthe21stcentury,findingabalancebetweencorporateefficiencyandworkerwelfareremainsthedefiningchallengeofourtime.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Thegigeconomyistheidealsolutionformodernwork-lifebalance.B)Thegigeconomyprovidessignificantbenefitstocorporationsattheexpenseofworkersecurity.C)Thelegalsystemhassuccessfullyresolvedtheissuesregardinggigworkerclassification.D)Gigworkersareuniversallysatisfiedwiththeirlevelofautonomyandincome.22.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajordisadvantageforgigworkerscomparedtotraditionalemployees?A)Theyhavetoomuchfreedomandlackstructure.B)Theyarerequiredtoworkfixedhours.C)Theydonotreceivebenefitslikehealthinsuranceorpaidleave.D)Theyareresponsibleformanaginglargeteamsofpeople.23.Whydocompaniespreferthegigeconomymodel?A)Itallowsthemtoavoidpayingpayrolltaxesandprovidesworkforceagility.B)Itcreatesaloyalandlong-termworkforce.C)Itsimplifiesthelegalrequirementsregardingemployment.D)Itencouragesworkerstoinnovateandimproveproducts.24.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthefutureofthegigeconomy?A)Itwilllikelydisappearduetolegalpressures.B)Itwillremainunchangedasworkerspreferthecurrentmodel.C)Ahybridmodelmaydevelopthatbalancesflexibilitywithworkerprotections.D)Companieswilleventuallyreclassifyallworkersasfull-timeemployees.25.Theword"precariat"inthefirstparagraphmostlikelyrefersto________.A)wealthyinvestorsintechnologystartupsB)workerswithunpredictableandinsecureemploymentC)highlyskilledprofessionalsinthetechindustryD)traditionalemployeeswithpermanentcontractsPassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptof"emotionalintelligence"(EQ),popularizedbypsychologistDanielGolemaninthemid-1990s,hasbecomeacornerstoneinmodernmanagementtheoryandleadershipdevelopment.UnlikeIQ,whichmeasurescognitiveabilities,EQreferstotheabilitytoidentify,understand,andmanageone'sownemotions,aswellastheemotionsofothers.Fordecades,thecorporateworldprioritizedrawintellectandtechnicalskills,oftendismissingemotionsasirrationalordistracting.However,agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatEQisactuallyastrongerpredictorofleadershipsuccessandjobperformancethanIQ.OneofthekeycomponentsofEQisself-awareness.Leaderswithhighself-awarenessunderstandtheirownstrengths,weaknesses,andemotionaltriggers.Theyarelesslikelytomakeimpulsivedecisionsandarebetterathandlingstress.Whenaleaderisawareofhowtheirmoodaffectstheirteam,theycanregulatetheirbehaviortomaintainapositiveworkenvironment.Thisiscrucialbecauseemotionsarecontagious;aleader'sanxietyorangercanquicklyspreadthroughanorganization,loweringmoraleandproductivity.Anothercriticalcomponentisempathy.Empatheticleaderscansensethefeelingsofothersandunderstandtheirperspective.Thisdoesnotmeantheyareoverlysoftoravoidconflict;rather,theyarebetterequippedtonavigatecomplexsocialdynamicsandbuildstrong,cohesiveteams.Inanerawherecross-culturalcollaborationandremoteworkarebecomingthenorm,theabilitytoconnectwithcolleaguesonahumanlevelismoreimportantthanever.Employeeswhofeelunderstoodandvaluedaremoreengaged,loyal,andmotivated.Despitetheclearbenefits,EQisoftenoverlookedinhiringandpromotionprocesses.Standardizedtestsandresumesfocusheavilyonacademiccredentialsandtechnicalexpertise,leavinglittleroomtoassessemotionalcapabilities.Furthermore,somecriticsarguethatEQisdifficulttomeasureobjectivelyandcanbefakedormanipulatedforpersonalgain.However,proponentsarguethatwhileitmaybehardertoquantify,theimpactofEQonorganizationalcultureisvisibleandmeasurablethroughretentionrates,employeesatisfaction,andteamperformance.DevelopingEQisnotaninnatetalentbutalearnableskill.Itrequirespracticeandfeedback.Techniquessuchasmindfulnessmeditation,activelistening,andseekingconstructivecriticismcanhelpindividualsimprovetheiremotionalintelligence.Asorganizationsfaceincreasinglycomplexchallenges,thedemandforleaderswhocannavigatethehumansideofbusinesswiththesameproficiencyasthefinancialsidewillcontinuetorise.26.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A)ToarguethatIQisirrelevantinthemodernworkplace.B)Toexplaintheconceptofemotionalintelligenceanditsimportanceinleadership.C)Tocriticizethehiringprocessesthatignoretechnicalskills.D)Toprovethatemotionsareirrationalandshouldbeignoredinbusiness.27.Accordingtothepassage,whyisself-awarenessimportantforleaders?A)Ithelpsthemtohidetheirtruefeelingsfromtheiremployees.B)Itallowsthemtobettermanipulatetheirteam'semotions.C)Itenablesthemtoregulatetheirbehaviorandpreventnegativeemotionsfromspreading.D)Itensurestheyarealwaysthesmartestpersonintheroom.28.Howdoesempathybenefitaleader?A)Itallowsthemtoavoidallconflictswithintheteam.B)Ithelpsthemunderstanddifferentperspectivesandbuildstrongerteams.C)Itguaranteesthatemployeeswillneverleavethecompany.D)Itmakesdecision-makingpurelylogicalandemotion-free.29.WhatisachallengeassociatedwithassessingEQinprofessionalsettings?A)Itisconsideredaninnatetalentthatcannotbelearned.B)ItisgiventoomuchemphasiscomparedtoIQinstandardizedtests.C)Itisdifficulttomeasureobjectivelyandcanbesubjective.D)Ithasnoprovencorrelationwithjobperformance.30.TheauthorsuggeststhatEQcanbedevelopedthrough________.A)hiringacoachtotakeIQtestsB)focusingsolelyontechnicaltrainingC)suppressingemotionalresponsesD)practiceslikemindfulnessandactivelistening***答案与详细解析SectionA选词填空答案：1.B)anxiety2.C)barrage3.G)conducted4.N)isolation5.E)communication6.D)clarity7.F)completely8.A)advocates9.L)eliminating10.J)demonize解析：本文主要讨论了“数字排毒”的概念，分析了它在现代生活中的必要性以及不同的观点。1.B)anxiety解析：空格前为"increasedstressand"，此处需要填入一个名词，与stress（压力）并列，且为负面情绪。根据上下文，手机通知会导致压力和焦虑的增加。anxiety（焦虑）符合语境。句意：不断的notifications（通知）轰炸会导致压力和焦虑的增加。2.C)barrage解析：空格前为"constant"，空格后为"ofnotifications"。这里需要一个名词，表示“一连串的”或“大量的”。barrage常用于搭配barrageofsomething，意为“一连串的（某事）”，符合语境。句意：不断的notifications轰炸...3.G)conducted解析：空格所在结构为"Astudy...bytheUniversityofPennsylvania"。这里需要一个过去分词作后置定语修饰study，表示“被...进行的”。conducted意为“实施、进行”，符合语法和语义。句意：宾夕法尼亚大学进行的一项研究发现...4.N)isolation解析：空格前为"senseof"，此处需要填入一个名词。根据上文提到的loneliness（孤独）以及本句"whiletechnologykeepsusconnecteddigitally"（虽然科技让我们在数字上保持联系），转折后应表达现实中感到孤独或隔离。isolation（隔离、孤立）符合语境。句意：...但这可能在现实世界中制造一种孤立感。5.E)communication解析：空格前为"revolutionized"，空格后为"andaccesstoinformation"。此处需要填入一个名词，作为revolutionized（彻底变革）的宾语。根据常识，智能手机彻底变革了通讯。communication（通讯）符合语境。6.D)clarity解析：空格前为"mental"，此处需要填入一个名词。这种注意力的转移可以培养更深的关系并提高精神...。mentalclarity（头脑清晰、思维清晰）是常见搭配，符合语境。7.F)completely解析：空格所在句子为"However,criticssuggestthat...abstainingfromtechnologyisimpractical..."。这里修饰动词abstaining（戒除、放弃），需要副词。completely（完全地）符合语境，表示“完全放弃科技是不切实际的”。8.A)advocates解析：空格位于句首，"Instead,they...for'digitalmindfulness'..."。这里需要动词，主语是they（指代critics）。advocatefor是固定搭配，意为“提倡、支持”。句意：相反，他们提倡“数字正念”。9.L)eliminating解析：空格前为"ratherthan"，此处需要动名词形式，与using并列。eliminating意为“消除、排除”，表示“而不是完全消除它”。句意：...有意识地使用设备而不是完全消除它。10.J)demonize解析：空格前为"notto"，空格后为"technologybuttouseit..."。这里需要动词原形。demonize意为“妖魔化、把...视为魔鬼”。句意：关键不在于妖魔化科技，而在于将其作为增强的工具而非分心的来源。SectionB长篇阅读答案：11.B12.C13.H14.E15.F16.I17.A18.D19.G20.B解析：本文介绍了垂直农业的概念、优势（节水、减少农药、减少运输成本）、面临的挑战（能耗、资金投入）以及未来的发展前景。11.B解析：题干关键词：year-roundfoodproduction（全年食物生产）,controlled-environmentagriculturetechnology（环境控制农业技术）。定位：回到文章B段。该段最后一句提到："...verticalfarmingisnotdependentonweatherpatterns,meaningitcanproducefoodyear-roundregardlessofexternalclimateconditions."（垂直农业不依赖天气模式，意味着无论外部气候条件如何，它都能全年生产食物）。这与题干表述完全一致。12.C解析：题干关键词：Traditionalfarming（传统农业）,waterdepletion（水枯竭）,recirculatewater（循环水）。定位：回到文章C段。该段提到传统农业"water-intensive"（耗水量大），而垂直农业"recirculatewater"（循环用水）且"useupto95%lesswater"（少用95%的水）。这与题干相符。13.H解析：题干关键词：highinitialcapitalinvestment（高额初始资本投入）,widespreadadoption（广泛采用）,lesswealthyregions（较贫穷地区）。定位：回到文章H段。该段首句提到"highinitialcapitalinvestment"（高额初始资本投入）。段末提到"concentrationofverticalfarmsinwealthiernations...potentiallywideningthegap...betweendevelopedanddevelopingregions"（集中在富裕国家...可能扩大发达地区和发展中地区的差距）。这与题干关于成本阻碍普及的描述一致。14.E解析：题干关键词：citycenters（市中心）,distancefoodtravels（食物运输距离）,transportationcosts（运输成本）,carbonemissions（碳排放）。定位：回到文章E段。该段提到"transportationcostsareslashed,andthecarbonfootprint...isminimized"（运输成本大幅削减，碳足迹最小化），并提到"Verticalfarmslocatedinurbancenterscanreducethisdistancetomeremiles"（位于市中心的垂直农场可以将距离减少到几英里）。与题干完全对应。15.F解析：题干关键词：Critics（批评者）,electricity（电力）,negateenvironmentalbenefits（抵消环境效益）。定位：回到文章F段。该段提到"Criticsarguethatunlessthisenergyissourcedfromrenewables,theenvironmentalbenefits...couldbeoffsetbythecarbonemissions..."（从批评者的角度指出，除非能源来自可再生能源，否则环境效益可能会被碳排放抵消）。offset对应题干中的negate。16.I解析：题干关键词：Modularfarmingunits（模块化农业单元）,cost-effective（具有成本效益的））,existingurbanspaces（现有城市空间）。定位：回到文章I段。该段提到"modularfarmingunitsthatcanbedeployedinexistingunusedspaces"（可以部署在现有未使用空间的模块化农业单元），并提到"requirelessupfrontinvestment"（需要较少的前期投资）。这与题干描述相符。17.A解析：题干关键词：Rapidgrowthofurbanpopulations（城市人口的快速增长）,reducingarableland（减少耕地）。定位：回到文章A段。该段首句提到"Asurbanizationcontinuestoaccelerate,theavailabilityofarablelandisshrinking"（随着城市化加速，可用耕地正在萎缩）。这与题干一致。18.D解析：题干关键词：eliminatestheneedforpesticides（消除对农药的需求）,sealedindoorenvironment（封闭的室内环境）。定位：回到文章D段。该段提到"verticalfarmingdrasticallyreducestheneedforpesticides.Sincecropsaregrowninacontrolled,indoorenvironment,thethreatofpests...isvirtuallyeliminated."（大幅减少农药需求...因为作物在受控的室内环境生长，害虫威胁几乎被消除）。这与题干相符。19.G解析：题干关键词：solarpanels（太阳能电池板）,LEDtechnology（LED技术）,reduceenergyconsumption（减少能耗）。定位：回到文章G段。该段提到"advancementsinLEDtechnologyandtheintegrationofsolarpanelsarehelpingtoaddresstheseenergychallenges"（LED技术的进步和太阳能电池板的整合正在帮助解决这些能源挑战）。这与题干一致。20.B解析：题干关键词：growingcropsinstackedlayers（在层叠层中种植作物）,skyscrapers（摩天大楼）。定位：回到文章B段。该段首句对垂直农业进行了定义："Verticalfarmingisthepracticeofgrowingcropsinverticallystackedlayers,oftenintegratedintootherstructureslikeskyscrapers..."（垂直农业是在垂直堆叠层中种植作物的做法...通常整合到摩天大楼等结构中）。与题干完全对应。SectionC仔细阅读PassageOne答案：21.B22.C23.A24.C25.B解析：本文探讨了“零工经济”的双面性。一方面它提供了灵活性，另一方面它剥夺了工人的福利保障。文章分析了工人、公司以及法律层面的现状和未来可能的妥协方案。21.B)Thegigeconomyprovidessignificantbenefitstocorporationsattheexpenseofworkersecurity.解析：主旨题。文章首先提到零工经济被吹捧为自由，但随后指出批评者认为它造成了不稳定的就业阶级。中间部分详细论述了公司如何利用此模式降低成本、转移风险，而工人则失去了福利和保障。最后提到未来需要寻找平衡。纵观全文，文章重点在于揭示这种模式对公司的利益和对工人安全的损害。A选项过于片面且未反映负面问题；C选项法律并未成功解决；D选项与文中批评观点相反。B选项最能概括文章核心冲突。22.C)Theydonotreceivebenefitslikehealthinsuranceorpaidleave.解析：细节题。根据题干disadvantageforgigworkers定位到第二段。该段提到："However,thisflexibilityoftencomesatasteepprice.Gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractors,meaningtheyarenotentitledtobenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidsickleave,orretirementplans."（然而，这种灵活性往往代价高昂。零工工人通常被归类为独立承包商，意味着他们无权享受健康保险、带薪病假或退休计划等福利）。C选项与此完全一致。23.A)Itallowsthemtoavoidpayingpayrolltaxesandprovidesworkforceagility.解析：细节题。根据题干companiesprefer定位到第三段。该段提到："Fromtheperspectiveofbusinesses,thegigeconomyoffersawaytoreducelaborcostsandincreaseagility.Companiescanscaletheirwo